CN106025089A - Preparation method of efficient and stable organic polymer solar cell - Google Patents
Preparation method of efficient and stable organic polymer solar cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN106025089A CN106025089A CN201610416195.7A CN201610416195A CN106025089A CN 106025089 A CN106025089 A CN 106025089A CN 201610416195 A CN201610416195 A CN 201610416195A CN 106025089 A CN106025089 A CN 106025089A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K71/811—Controlling the atmosphere during processing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of an efficient and stable organic polymer solar cell. A TiO2 nanoparticle crystal layer, an electron transport layer, an organic active layer, a hole transmission layer and a top electrode are sequentially prepared on a transparent conductive electrode to obtain an inverted solar cell structure; and the inverted solar cell structure is subjected to standing treatment in an environment with certain humidity and an oxygen-containing gas. Through the method, the device efficiency can be significantly improved; the improvement amplitude can reach 1.5 times; the stability performance of the device is obviously improved; and the efficiency attenuation amplitude is smaller than 15% after the efficient and stable organic polymer solar cell is exposed in a high-humidity atmospheric environment for 1,000 hours; and the method is simple in technology, low in cost and suitable for large-scale production and application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of organic polymer solar cell preparation method, particularly to a kind of high efficiency and high stable
The preparation method of organic polymer solar cell, belong to organic polymer solar cell field.
Background technology
Along with the development of society, Fossil fuel is progressively exhausted and the mankind energy demand is increased day by day between contradiction continuous
Manifest;Meanwhile, the environmental problem that the use of fossil energy is brought the most seriously injures the life of the mankind with healthy.Too
Sun can owing to its energy storage is huge, cleaning, the feature such as renewable become ideal alternative energy source.In recent years, solaode
Technology receives much concern owing to can convert the solar into the common type-electric energy of the energy.The most business-like sun at present
Silicon solar cell (Si), cadmium telluride solaode (CdTe), GaAs (GaAs) and CIGS can be included by battery
(CIGS) solaode.These several batteries are attained by photoelectric transformation efficiency (PCE) > level of 15%, but due to
The preparation technology and the expensive cost of raw material that involve high energy consumption make them receive greatly limit in large-scale application
System.Additionally, they required raw materials belong to scarce resource mostly is unfavorable for long-range development and application.
Emerging thin-film solar cells have low cost, lightweight, processing technology flexible substrate simple, the most compatible, half
Transparent wait outstanding advantages and receive much concern, especially organic polymer solar cell.But efficiency and stability are to determine it
Business-like final factor.In recent years, domestic and international researcher, has done substantial amounts of research, now the effect of report in efficiency
Rate, in laboratory scope, have been achieved for certain progress, no matter based on lamination or single battery efficiency above
10% (Sci.Rep., 2014,4,6831;ACS Appl.Mater.Interfaces 2015,7,4928;Nat.Commun.,
2013,4,66;Adv.Mater., 2013,25,4766), but major part organic polymer solar cell efficiency is respectively less than
10%, this there is also the biggest gap compared with inorganic solar cell.Additionally, due to all there is common asking in Organic substance
Topic, that is, stability is not so good as inorganic matter (RSC Adv., 2013,3,6188).The attenuation process involved, comprises long-term slow
Slow decay and short-term rapid decay process.Its middle or short term rapid decay involves interface decay, the stripping that is related between interface,
Diffusion etc. between the stripping of level-density parameter, interface element;Long-term attenuation factor slowly is mainly the oxidation of material.So
How to build high efficiency, the organic polymer solar cell of high stability becomes its key moving towards application.
Summary of the invention
Draw for the inefficiency of organic polymer solar cell performance, poor stability, interface decay in prior art
The problems such as the rapid decay risen, it is an object of the invention to the organic polymer solar being to provide a kind of high efficiency and high stable
The preparation method of battery.
In order to realize above-mentioned technical purpose, the invention provides the system of a kind of efficient stable organic polymer solar cell
Preparation Method, the method is to be sequentially prepared TiO in transparency conductive electrode2Nanoparticle crystal layer, electron transfer layer, organic active
Layer, hole transmission layer and top layer electrode, obtain being inverted solar battery structure, and described inversion solar battery structure is placed in humidity
RH is 40~90%, volume percent oxygen content be 20~40% environment in standing process.
Technical scheme, key technology be to be placed in freshly prepared inversion solar battery structure have certain
The atmosphere of humidity and oxygen content carries out standing process, is inverted solar battery structure and is exposed to suitable humidity and oxygen-containing
In atmosphere, can make polymer that crystal is blended at short notice and grow up, increase electron transport ability and the compactness of active layer,
Thus the photovoltaic performance parameter of boost device and stability.Meanwhile, silver electrode can be obviously improved by this processing mode
With the level-density parameter of anode modification layer, increase the anode selective extraction performance to hole.
Preferably scheme, the standing process time is 100~300h.
More preferably scheme, by TiO2Nanocrystalline colloidal sol is spin-coated on transparency conductive electrode surface, is placed in 100~150 DEG C of temperature
Under degree, anneal 5~30 minutes, form TiO2Nanoparticle crystal layer.
Further preferred scheme, described TiO2Nanocrystalline colloidal sol is prepared via a method which to obtain: 1) utilize positive fourth
Alcohol is as stabilizer, and using nitric acid and acetic acid is catalyst;2) in the system containing stabilizer and catalyst, metatitanic acid four fourth is added
Ester, after stirring, add water hydrolysis, stirring, makes tetrabutyl titanate hydrolysis, obtains frozen glue;3) step 2 gained frozen glue is used pure
It is 0.36~0.75mol/L that water is diluted to Ti concentration, and stirring, to transparent, obtains colloidal sol;Or, stirring, to transparent, stands, and separates
Stabilizer, obtains colloidal sol.
The present invention uses simple collosol and gel route, successfully avoid non-hydrolytic sol-gel method needs be centrifuged-
The additional reunion of particle that the steps such as dispersion cause, it also avoid the micelle reunion that High Temperature High Pressure in Hydrothermal Synthesis causes.Utilize titanium
Acid four butyl esters are precursor, and n-butyl alcohol is stabilizer, and strong acid+organic acid is composite catalyst, make tetrabutyl titanate hydrolysis prepare
Frozen glue, forms a series of nucleus and cross-linked network, then is interrupted the cross-linking system of frozen glue by stirring, again forms stable sol,
Through relatively-high temperature (60 DEG C-100 DEG C) and the effect of synthetic system environment, the especially effect of diluent, catalyst,
Under Ostwald ripening machining function, nucleus selectivity is grown up, for growing up to pure anatase, and the TiO that crystallite dimension is homogeneous2Nanocrystalline carry
Supply to ensure, avoiding problems conventional sol gel method and prepare TiO2Time nanocrystalline, it is necessary to calcining just can obtain TiO2Nanometer
Brilliant.The most partial cross-linked its formation colloidal sol network that allows present in system, increases the dispersing characteristic of particle simultaneously.Use the method
The TiO of synthesis2Nanocrystalline colloidal sol is directly available in film forming on active layer, can select different according to the polarity of active layer thin film
The organic solvent diluting of polarity, the colloidal sol after dilution can be directly used for film, thus avoids other technique mistakes such as centrifugal remove impurity
Journey, will not introduce additional reunion factor and impurity.After film forming, its dispersibility does not haves larger difference.Need not high temperature burn
Knot and water-heat process, dispersibility the most preferably provides guarantee.Use the TiO of the method synthesis2Nanocrystalline, crystal type is excellent
Different, good dispersion.According to active layer surface properties, select the organic solvent diluting TiO of moistening the most therewith2Nanoparticle is molten
Glue, colloidal sol is compared general solution and is had more preferable film property simultaneously, adds that good dispersibility itself can be on active layer
Prepare homogeneous thin film.
More preferably scheme, TiO2Nanoparticle crystal layer thickness is that 1 nanometer is to 50 nanometers.
Preferably scheme, transparency conductive electrode is by the stannum oxide of Fluorin doped, the stannum oxide of indium doping, PEDOT:PSS, graphite
At least one material in alkene, carbon nanotube layer, nano silver wire, copper nano-wire is constituted.
Preferably scheme, hole transmission layer is by MoOx, graphene oxide (graphene oxide), NiOx、WO3、V2O5、
AgOxIn at least one material constitute.
Preferably scheme, described thickness of hole transport layer is between 1 nanometer to 100 nanometers.
Preferably scheme, organic active layer thickness is between 10 nanometers to 300 nanometers.
More preferably scheme, in organic active layer electron donor be poly-3-hexyl thiophene, poly-phenylene vinylene (ppv), PBDTTT,
PBDTTT-C, PBDTTT-E, PBDTTT-CF, PTB7 and polymer-modified at least one;Electron acceptor is fullerene
PC60BM, Fullerene layer PC70BM, fullerene IC60BA, fullerene IC70In BA at least one.
Preferably scheme, top layer electrode is Ag films.
Hinge structure, the Advantageous Effects that technical scheme is brought:
1, technical scheme is exposed to suitably by preparing inversion organic polymer solar cell device
Humidity and oxygen-containing atmosphere in, polymer can be effectively improved crystal morphology be blended, increase electron transport ability and the cause of active layer
Close property, thus the photovoltaic performance parameter of boost device and stability, meanwhile, can be obviously improved silver by this processing mode
Electrode and the level-density parameter of anode modification layer, increase the anode selective extraction performance to hole;Compare the device not having atmosphere to expose
Part performance boost 50%, device stability did not occur substantially to decay up to 1000 hours simultaneously.
2, technical scheme is simple to operate, mild condition, beneficially commercial production application requirement.
3, the present invention is by the TiO of preparation2Nanoparticle crystal layer is a kind of three-dimensional cross-linked system, has good stablizing
Property, and owing to its self assembly with crystal and crosslinking character, beneficially polymer film layer is carried out and the life of active layer crystal grain
Long differentiation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
[Fig. 1] is device architecture schematic diagram;
[Fig. 2] is that device does not pass through and active layer grain size contrast after certain atmosphere exposes;
[Fig. 3] is that device exposes performance lifting curve through certain atmosphere.
Detailed description of the invention
Implementation below and embodiment are present invention to further illustrate rather than limits right of the present invention want
The protection domain asked.
The TiO of the present invention2The preparation of nanocrystalline colloidal sol:
1) 50mL n-butyl alcohol and 1.6mL nitric acid are mixed in wide mouthed Erlenmeyer bottle, are sufficiently stirred for 10min, are simultaneously introduced 5mL
Acetic acid, to be mixed uniformly, now the pH value of system is 0.2, and this system is heated to 40 DEG C;
2) in above-mentioned solution, slowly drip 24mL butyl titanate, and at a temperature of 40 DEG C, stir 40min;
3) with 0.02mL/S speed solution dropping deionized water 8mL in B, after it hydrolyzes to form frozen glue, add afterwards
100mL deionized water, continues stirring 24 hours at 40 DEG C, obtains vitreosol;
4) colloidal sol is heated to 80 DEG C of strong agitation 7 hours, obtains polymolecularity TiO2Nanocrystalline;
5) by above-mentioned polymolecularity TiO2The nanocrystalline colloidal sol ethanol of 50 times of sol volume dilutes, stand-by.
Embodiment 1
This example uses commercialization ITO substrate, and this substrate is the most standard patterning.By this ITO substrate respectively with acetone,
Detergent, deionized water and isopropanol ultrasonic cleaning 15 minutes respectively, are then dried, finally at UV-ozone machine under hot blast
(UV-Ozone) the inside ozone processes 15 minutes.Whole process system clean substrate surface.
Will be based on said method TiO2Nanocrystalline colloidal sol, molten with 1000rpm spin coating nanoparticle in the ITO substrate processed
Glue forms the electron transfer layer of about 10nm, and anneals 15 minutes in 150 degree of thermal station.Treat that it is transferred to after being cooled to room temperature
In glove box, the P3HT:PCBM solution of the 1:0.8wt% prepared in advance with 1000rpm spin coating is (by P3HT:PCBM at adjacent dichloro
Benzole soln dissolves and is configured to solution).By this active layer thin film slow growth 1.5-3 hour among culture dish, then that this is thin
Film is placed in 150 degree of thermal station annealing 15 minutes.Treat that the thin film of preparation is transferred to vacuum evaporation instrument after being cooled to room temperature by it,
4×10-43-5nm MoO it is deposited with under the vacuum environment of Pa3Hole transmission layer, 100nm silver top electrode, complete whole organic polymer
The preparation of solaode.Immediately the device prepared is exposed to after having prepared relative humidity 70RH%, oxygen content body
In the long-pending environment than 22% 144 little time.The basic structure such as Fig. 1 of the solar cell device that patent of the present invention uses.
To preparation organic polymer solar cell device test, by contrast particular atmosphere expose and without
This active layer grain size processed contrasts it is found that after particular atmosphere exposes, crystallite dimension is substantially grown up, from
78nm grows to 177nm, and this is the growth course growing up to big crystal grain based on the little crystal grain of merging, exposes it through particular atmosphere
After, crystal grain number significantly reduces, and is reduced to 74 from 211, as shown in Table 1.Device efficiency has passed through after exposing straight line and has carried
Rising (as shown in Figure 3), rise to 4.51% from initial 3.0%, lifting amplitude reaches 150%.Voltage rises to from 0.54V
0.58V, improves 40mV.And the device of the present invention is placed on after exposure in the atmospheric environment of high humility and demonstrates very well
Stability, through 1000 hours, efficiency decay less than 15%, as shown in Figure 3.
Based on P3HT:PCBM active layer, use multiple different inorganic hole-transporting layer, apply TiO2Nano-crystal film layer is made
For electron transfer layer, similar result can be obtained, i.e. significantly improve the efficiency of organic polymer solar cell with stable
Performance, as shown in following table two.
Table one active layer crystal initial size and the grain size after high humidity atmosphere environmental exposure
Sample | Average grain size (nm) | Crystal grain number |
Original state | 78 | 211 |
Through high humidity atmosphere environmental exposure | 177 | 74 |
Table two is based on battery structure " clear bottom electrode ITO/TiO2Nanocrystalline/organic active layer/hole transmission layer/top electricity
Pole Ag " a series of organic polymer solar cell photoelectric transformation efficiency data of preparing
A atmospheric condition be relative humidity be 70RH%, oxygen content volume ratio 22%.
Embodiment 2
This example uses commercialization FTO substrate, and this substrate is the most standard patterning.By this FTO substrate respectively with acetone, wash
Wash agent, deionized water and isopropanol ultrasonic cleaning 15 minutes respectively, be then dried under hot blast, finally at UV-ozone machine
(UV-Ozone) the inside ozone processes 15 minutes.Whole process system clean substrate surface.
The TiO that will prepare based on said method2Nanocrystalline colloidal sol, with 1000rpm spin coating nanometer in the ITO substrate processed
Colloidal sol forms the electron transfer layer of about 10nm, and anneals 15 minutes in 100 degree of thermal station.After treating that it is cooled to room temperature
Transferring in glove box, P7BT:PCBM (is existed by the P7BT:PCBM solution of the 1:1.5wt% prepared in advance with 1700rpm spin coating
Chlorobenzene solution dissolves and is configured to solution).This active layer thin film is added before spin coating the DIO of 3%, then this thin film is placed on
Slow curing under room temperature.After it is dried, the thin film of preparation is transferred to vacuum evaporation instrument, 4 × 10-4Steam under the vacuum environment of Pa
Plating 3-5nm MoO3Hole transmission layer, 100nm silver top electrode, complete the preparation of whole organic polymer solar cell.Preparation
Immediately the device prepared is exposed to after completing relative humidity 60RH%, in oxygen content 30% atmosphere 100 hours.Efficiency
8.21% is risen to from 7.41% originally.Device can be placed 1000 hours in atmosphere, and attenuation amplitude is less than playing initial value
17%.
Claims (10)
1. a preparation method for efficient stable organic polymer solar cell, is sequentially prepared TiO in transparency conductive electrode2
Nanoparticle crystal layer, electron transfer layer, organic active layer, hole transmission layer and top layer electrode, obtain being inverted solaode
Structure, it is characterised in that: it is 40~90% that described inversion solar battery structure is placed in humidity RH, and volume percent oxygen content is
20~40% environment in standing process.
The preparation method of efficient stable organic polymer solar cell the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: quiet
Putting the process time is 100~300h.
The preparation method of efficient stable organic polymer solar cell the most according to claim 1 and 2, its feature exists
In: by TiO2Nanocrystalline colloidal sol is spin-coated on transparency conductive electrode surface, at a temperature of being placed in 100~150 DEG C, anneals 5~30 minutes,
Form TiO2Nanoparticle crystal layer.
The preparation method of efficient stable organic polymer solar cell the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: institute
The TiO stated2Nanocrystalline colloidal sol is prepared via a method which to obtain: 1) using n-butyl alcohol as stabilizer, nitric acid and acetic acid are for urging
Agent;2) in the system containing stabilizer and catalyst, add butyl titanate, after stirring, add water and be hydrolyzed, stirring,
Obtain frozen glue;3) described frozen glue being diluted with water to Ti concentration is 0.36~0.75mol/L, and stirring, to transparent, obtains colloidal sol;Or
Person, stirring to transparent, stands, separates stabilizer, obtain colloidal sol.
The preparation method of efficient stable organic polymer solar cell the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: institute
The TiO stated2Nanoparticle crystal layer thickness is that 1 nanometer is to 50 nanometers.
6. according to the preparation method of the efficient stable organic polymer solar cell described in claim 1,2,4 or 5, its feature
It is: described transparency conductive electrode is received by the stannum oxide of Fluorin doped, the stannum oxide of indium doping, PEDOT:PSS, Graphene, carbon
At least one material in mitron layer, nano silver wire, copper nano-wire is constituted.
7. according to the preparation method of the efficient stable organic polymer solar cell described in claim 1,2,4 or 5, its feature
It is: described hole transmission layer is by MoOx, graphene oxide, NiOx、WO3、V2O5、AgOxIn at least one material constitute,
Described thickness of hole transport layer is between 1 nanometer to 100 nanometers.
8. according to the preparation method of the efficient stable organic polymer solar cell described in claim 1,2,4 or 5, its feature
It is: described organic active layer thickness is between 10 nanometers to 300 nanometers.
The preparation method of efficient stable organic polymer solar cell the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: institute
In the organic active layer stated electron donor be poly-3-hexyl thiophene, poly-phenylene vinylene (ppv), PBDTTT, PBDTTT-C, PBDTTT-E,
PBDTTT-CF, PTB7 and polymer-modified at least one;Electron acceptor is fullerene PC60BM, Fullerene layer PC70BM、
Fullerene IC60BA, fullerene IC70In BA at least one.
10., according to the preparation method of the efficient stable organic polymer solar cell described in claim 1,2,4 or 5, it is special
Levy and be: described top layer electrode is Ag films.
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN108231944A (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-06-29 | 淮南师范学院 | A kind of photodetector based on novel electron transport layer and preparation method thereof |
CN111490168A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-08-04 | 中南大学 | Preparation method of inorganic perovskite solar cell based on atmosphere control |
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JP2013185207A (en) * | 2012-03-07 | 2013-09-19 | Toray Eng Co Ltd | Silicon-containing film and method for forming silicon-containing film |
CN104755528A (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2015-07-01 | 株式会社东芝 | Polymer, organic thin film solar cell using same, and electronic device provided with said solar cell |
CN104795501A (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2015-07-22 | 武汉理工大学 | Perovskite solar cell and method for manufacturing same |
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JP2013185207A (en) * | 2012-03-07 | 2013-09-19 | Toray Eng Co Ltd | Silicon-containing film and method for forming silicon-containing film |
CN104755528A (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2015-07-01 | 株式会社东芝 | Polymer, organic thin film solar cell using same, and electronic device provided with said solar cell |
CN104795501A (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2015-07-22 | 武汉理工大学 | Perovskite solar cell and method for manufacturing same |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108231944A (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-06-29 | 淮南师范学院 | A kind of photodetector based on novel electron transport layer and preparation method thereof |
CN108231944B (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2019-12-10 | 淮南师范学院 | Photoelectric detector based on electron transport layer and preparation method thereof |
CN111490168A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-08-04 | 中南大学 | Preparation method of inorganic perovskite solar cell based on atmosphere control |
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Application publication date: 20161012 Assignee: Guilin Shenqiao Aerospace Technology Co.,Ltd. Assignor: GUILIN University OF ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY Contract record no.: X2022450000406 Denomination of invention: A preparation method of highly efficient and stable organic polymer solar cells Granted publication date: 20180724 License type: Common License Record date: 20221227 |