CN106021760A - Aluminum electrolysis cell magnetic field finite element calculation method based on ANSYS - Google Patents
Aluminum electrolysis cell magnetic field finite element calculation method based on ANSYS Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an aluminum electrolysis cell magnetic field finite element calculation method based on ANSYS. The method comprises the steps that an electrolysis cell electric field model containing a front cell and a back cell is built on the basis of the ANSYS; actual current distribution of all busbar segments is calculated through an electric field by using conductive line units as busbars according to the sectional area of the busbars and the spatial position of a central line; the LINK68 line unit is converted into a SOURC36 magnetic line unit through a busbar conversion method, the SOURC36 magnetic line unit and other magnetic parts jointly build a whole electrolysis cell magnetic field finite element model, and distribution of magnetic fields in the cells is calculated through the model. By applying the method, various errors existing in magnetic field calculation in aluminum electrolysis cell busbar design can be obviously reduced, the accuracy of magnetic field calculation is improved, and optimization of electrolysis cell design is promoted.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aluminium cell field, particularly relate to a kind of aluminium electrolysis slot field finite element meter based on ANSYS
Calculation method.
Background technology
In modern large-scale aluminium electrolysis series, the unidirectional current after rectification is introduced directly on electrolysis bath by aluminium busbar, groove and
It is in series by aluminium busbar between groove.Bus mainly carries and is carried from upstream electrolysis bath cathode bar by electric current
To the function of downstream electrolysis bath anode rod, and the physical field that the different configuration mode strong influences of bus electrolysis bath divides
Cloth, governs the oxidational losses of aluminum and the index height of current efficiency.From the point of view of from design, once groove structure and anode and cathode ginseng
After number and material determine, the most important bus bar configuration design just relating to important physical field-magnetic field, and bus to be determined
Best allocation and structure are also extremely difficult, need the most deep practical experience.
Compared with the calculating of other physical field, the Magnetic Field Design in aluminium cell is increasingly complex, and tracing it to its cause is inside and outside groove
It is dispersed with a large amount of ferromagnetic material such as free electric current and pot shell, girder steel, steel pawl.In recent years, aluminium cell keeps the large-scale development,
The effect of stability of aluminum electrolytic bath is become more and more important by Distribution of Magnetic Field, and magnetic field calculation is increasingly becoming the heat of Mathematical model with design
Point and difficult point.And in the multiple factors affecting the distribution of groove internal magnetic field, the design of bus plays conclusive effect, different mothers
Line structure and arrangement mode are different to the effect of optimization of groove internal magnetic field.
The existing computational methods for electrolytic bath internal magnetic field, are usually and suppose that bus is in ideal state, by giving
Each bar bus composes the most identical upper size of current, calculates the Distribution of Magnetic Field in space in groove.But it practice, due to the arrangement side of bus
Formula and to access the position of electrolysis bath different, CURRENT DISTRIBUTION difference actual in each bus is very big, and this is with the ideal state supposed not
Symbol.Use this preferable hypothesis for bus current that follow-up groove internal magnetic field result of calculation can be made to produce relatively large deviation, nothing
Distribution of Magnetic Field ideally in method reflection groove, thus also the effect of various bus bar configuration schemes reasonably cannot be commented
Estimate.In view of bus structure design is the core of Magnetic Field Design, the magnetic field calculation of bus is inaccurate, it will greatly affect electrolysis bath
Hydromagnetic stability design effect.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to propose to a kind of aluminium electrolysis slot field finite element method based on ANSYS, existing to solve
Have in magnetic field calculation because bus current and voltage's distribiuting do not conform to the actual conditions so that follow-up groove internal magnetic field result of calculation produces bigger
Deviation, it is impossible to Distribution of Magnetic Field ideally in reflection reactive tank, thus also cannot be to the effect of various bus bar configuration schemes
The problem carrying out reasonable assessment.
A kind of aluminium electrolysis slot field finite element method based on ANSYS, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: obtain aluminium cell and the structural parameters of bus and process operating conditions；
The structural parameters of described aluminium cell and bus include size and its correspondence of each current-carrying part of cell body and bus
Material properties parameter；
Wherein, the size of each current-carrying part of cell body and bus refers to anode construction, cathode construction, burner hearth and each bar bus
Length, width and height or thickness；Material properties parameter refers to electrical conductivity and the pcrmeability of each part；
Described operation process condition includes pole span, electrolyte level, aluminum level and groove potline current value；
Step 2: the data obtained according to step 1, utilizes FEM-software ANSYS to set up the electrolyzer electric comprising before and after's groove
Field model；
Step 3: according to the current value of actual groove series, applies no-voltage and current load on electrolyzer electric field model,
Carry out FEM calculation, obtain the actual current Distribution Value of groove inner wire and bus part；
Step 4: build calculating model for magnetic field；
Cell body unit in the electrolyzer electric field model of step 2 gained is changed into magnetic conduction unit；By electrolysis bath electric field mould
The bus unit that in type, LINK68 conductor wire unit is set up is converted into the Sourc36 magnetic conduction line list for magnetic field calculation of correspondence
Unit, obtains calculating model for magnetic field；
Step 5: groove inner wire step 3 obtained and the actual current Distribution Value of bus part are applied to step 4 and build
Calculating model for magnetic field on；
Step 6: the CURRENT DISTRIBUTION value obtained in step 3 is as boundary condition, and on the node of magnetic field model external boundary
Apply the magnetic boundary condition of zero magnetic scalar potential, utilize solve solver that calculating model for magnetic field is carried out calculating and solve, then pass through
ANSYS post-processing module to solve value carry out process obtain groove internal magnetic field distribution result of calculation.
The building process of described electrolyzer electric field model is as follows:
Step A: according to each material properties in the data Definition Model that step 1 obtains, set up electrolysis bath geometric model；
Step B: arrange size of mesh opening, uses three-dimensional conductive unit that the cell body part in electrolysis bath geometric model is carried out net
Lattice divide；
Step C: according to sectional area and the centrage locus of bus structure parameter median generatrix, use the line unit of conduction
LINK68 sets up bus structure, and is combined with groove inner wire three-dimensional element model by line unit by isoelectric level constraint, thus
To electrolyzer electric field model.
APDL language is all used to carry out parametric modeling when described step 2 and step 4 build model.
In the calculating model for magnetic field set up in described step 4, also comprise the magnetic field model of adjacent slot series, for calculate
The impact of adjacent column slot field.
In the calculating model for magnetic field that described step 4 is set up, front and back the quantity of adjacent groove is 6-12 platform.
Beneficial effect
Compared with existing a method for the calculation of magnetic field, the present invention possesses following advantage:
(1) during magnetic field calculation, it not on bus, set CURRENT DISTRIBUTION value ideally, but according to groove
The resistance of bus between inner wire and groove, is calculated the CURRENT DISTRIBUTION that every section of bus is actual, thus can be in magnetic field calculation
Obtain accurate Distribution of Magnetic Field.
(2) in the transformation process of bus unit, can be read from electric field result automatically by the method for the institute present invention
Obtaining current intensity, busbar cross-section amass shape and three-dimensional space position information, and automatically set up the line unit of magnetic conduction, owing to being used
Be Parametric Design Language (APDL), the manual operation of a large amount of repeatability can be avoided, reduce human error, it is also possible to according to
Grooved to be calculated, revises the parameter such as structure, load easily, significantly promotes precision and the efficiency of magnetic field calculation.
(3) magnetic field calculation considers before and after's groove and the serial impact being distributed this slot field of adjacent slot, to Distribution of Magnetic Field
Calculating the most accurate.
Application the method can obviously improve all kinds of deviations that in aluminum cell bus-bar design, magnetic field calculation exists, and improves magnetic field
The accuracy calculated, contributes to optimizing design of electrolysis cells.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the electric field model figure of electric Field Calculation；
Fig. 2 is the magnetic field model figure of magnetic field calculation；
Fig. 3 is bus Local map based on LINK68 unit；
Fig. 4 is bus Local map based on SOURC36 unit；
Fig. 5 is the method flow diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is Distribution of Magnetic Field figure in the middle part of application the inventive method certain 420kA level electrolysis bath aluminum liquid calculated.Wherein,
A () is the cloud charts of flute length direction of principal axis magnetic-field component Bx, (b) is the cloud charts of groove short-axis direction magnetic-field component By, and (c) is
The cloud charts of groove short transverse magnetic-field component Bz.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited by embodiment.
The flow chart of a kind of aluminium electrolysis slot field finite element method based on ANSYS of the present invention as it is shown in figure 5,
Specifically comprise the following steps that
Step (1): obtain aluminium cell and the structural parameters of bus and process operating conditions；
Described aluminum cell structure parameter includes the size of each current-carrying part of cell body and bus and the material properties of its correspondence
Parameter, wherein, the size of each current-carrying part of cell body refers to anode construction, cathode construction, burner hearth and the length of each bar bus, width
And height or thickness；The material properties parameter of cell body each several part refers to electrical conductivity and the pcrmeability of each several part；Above-mentioned parameter is equal
For build-in attribute parameter；
Described operation process condition includes pole span, electrolyte level, aluminum level and groove potline current value；
Step (2): the data obtained according to step (1), utilizes FEM-software ANSYS to set up the electrolysis comprising before and after's groove
Groove electric field model；
Step A: according to each material properties in the data Definition Model that step 1 obtains, set up electrolysis bath geometric model；
Step B: arrange size of mesh opening, uses three-dimensional conductive unit that the cell body part in electrolysis bath geometric model is carried out net
Lattice divide；
Step C: according to sectional area and the centrage locus of bus structure parameter median generatrix, use the line unit of conduction
LINK68 sets up bus structure, as it is shown on figure 3, and by isoelectric level constraint by line unit and groove inner wire three-dimensional element model group
Close, thus obtain electrolyzer electric field model, as shown in Figure 1.
Step (3): according to the current value 420kA of actual groove series, applies on the electric Field Calculation model that step (2) obtains
No-voltage and current load, carry out FEM calculation, obtains the CURRENT DISTRIBUTION value of groove inner wire and bus part.
Step (4): the electric field model cell body unit of step (2) gained is changed into magnetic conduction unit；By in electric field model
LINK68 unit is set up bus and is converted into the Sourc36 magnetic conduction line unit for magnetic field calculation of correspondence, as shown in Figure 4；?
The magnetic boundary condition of zero magnetic scalar potential (MAG=0) is applied on the node of external boundary；Set up calculating model for magnetic field, as shown in Figure 2.
Step (5): every section of bus actual current Distribution Value step (3) obtained, is applied to the magnetic field that step (4) is set up
On computation model.
Step (6): with the CURRENT DISTRIBUTION value that obtains in step (3) as boundary condition, and at the joint of magnetic field model external boundary
Apply the magnetic boundary condition of zero magnetic scalar potential on point, utilize solve solver that magnetic field model is carried out calculating and solve, pass through
ANSYS post-processing module obtains groove internal magnetic field distribution result of calculation.
In described step (2) and step (4), modeling process uses APDL language to carry out parametric modeling.
In the magnetic field model set up in described step (4), further comprises the magnetic field model of adjacent slot series, to calculate adjacent column
The impact of slot field.
In the magnetic field model set up in described step (4), each 6 of the quantity of adjacent groove front and back.
Embodiment one
The present embodiment is as a example by certain 420kA level pre-calcining electrolytic cell, and this electrolysis bath uses single anode design, totally 48 pieces of sun
Pole, anode carbon block size 1700mm × 660mm × 635mm, totally 24 pieces of cathode carbon pieces, cathode carbon pieces size 3680mm × 665mm
× 485mm, and with non-elongated pair of steel bar current outlet, big face processing distance is 280mm, little processing distance is 390mm, takes aluminum level
220mm, electrolyte level 180mm, pole span 45mm, current efficiency 94%.
The aluminium electrolysis slot field finite element method based on ANSYS using the present invention calculates, (a) in Fig. 6,
B Magnetic Induction Density Distribution cloud atlas that () and (c) is respectively in the middle part of this 420kA level electrolysis bath aluminum liquid in all directions of magnetic field (Bx, By,
Bz).Table 1 is horizontal magnetic field distribution of results table in the middle part of aluminum liquid in calculated groove, and table 2 is in calculated groove in the middle part of aluminum liquid
Vertical magnetic field distribution of results table.
Table 1 horizontal magnetic field distribution of results table
Table 2 vertical magnetic field distribution of results table
By Fig. 6 and table 1, table 2 it can be seen that vertical magnetic field maximum, this 420kA electrolysis bath Bz maximum is 38.27Gs,
Less than 40Gs, this extreme value belongs to preferable scope.
Again, by the average of four quadrants in magnetic field it can be seen that in four quadrants, the first to Section 3 quadrant average is the least
In 5Gs, only fourth quadrant is slightly larger than 5Gs.And, under anode orthographic projection region, the region less than 10Gs accounts for Zone Full
92.75%, show that most areas is both less than 10Gs, this has the biggest benefit to the stability of electrolysis bath.
Therefore, the method that the present invention can be applied to propose relatively accurately obtains the Distribution of Magnetic Field in groove, each component of magnetic field
Magnetic induction, the concrete distribution situation of four quadrants in magnetic field, thus Magnetic Field Design is made analysis and evaluate, with find more
Add suitable Magnetic Field Design and bus bar mode for cloth.
Although having been presented for some embodiments of the present invention herein, it will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that
Without departing from the spirit of the invention, the embodiments herein can be changed.Above-described embodiment is exemplary, no
Should be using the embodiments herein as the restriction of interest field of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. an aluminium electrolysis slot field finite element method based on ANSYS, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step 1: obtain aluminium cell and the structural parameters of bus and process operating conditions；
The structural parameters of described aluminium cell and bus include the size of each current-carrying part of cell body and bus and the material of its correspondence
Property parameters；
Wherein, the size of each current-carrying part of cell body and bus refers to anode construction, cathode construction, burner hearth and the length of each bar bus
Degree, width and height or thickness；Material properties parameter refers to electrical conductivity and the pcrmeability of each part；
Described operation process condition includes pole span, electrolyte level, aluminum level and groove potline current value；
Step 2: the data obtained according to step 1, utilizes FEM-software ANSYS to set up the electrolysis bath electric field mould comprising before and after's groove
Type；
Step 3: according to the current value of actual groove series, applies no-voltage and current load on electrolyzer electric field model, carries out
FEM calculation, obtains the actual current Distribution Value of groove inner wire and bus part；
Step 4: build calculating model for magnetic field；
Cell body unit in the electrolyzer electric field model of step 2 gained is changed into magnetic conduction unit；By in electrolyzer electric field model
The bus unit that LINK68 conductor wire unit is set up is converted into the Sourc36 magnetic conduction line unit for magnetic field calculation of correspondence,
Obtain calculating model for magnetic field；
Step 5: groove inner wire step 3 obtained and the actual current Distribution Value of bus part are applied to the magnetic that step 4 builds
On the computation model of field；
Step 6: the CURRENT DISTRIBUTION value obtained in step 3 is as boundary condition, and applies on the node of magnetic field model external boundary
The magnetic boundary condition of zero magnetic scalar potential, utilizes solve solver that calculating model for magnetic field is carried out calculating and solves, then pass through ANSYS
Post-processing module to solve value carry out process obtain groove internal magnetic field distribution result of calculation.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the building process of described electrolyzer electric field model is as follows:
Step A: according to each material properties in the data Definition Model that step 1 obtains, set up electrolysis bath geometric model；
Step B: arrange size of mesh opening, uses three-dimensional conductive unit that the cell body part in electrolysis bath geometric model is carried out grid and draws
Point；
Step C: according to sectional area and the centrage locus of bus structure parameter median generatrix, use the line unit of conduction
LINK68 sets up bus structure, and is combined with groove inner wire three-dimensional element model by line unit by isoelectric level constraint, thus
To electrolyzer electric field model.
Method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that all use when building model in described step 2 and step 4
APDL language carries out parametric modeling.
Method the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that in the calculating model for magnetic field set up in described step 4, also wrap
Containing the magnetic field model of adjacent slot series, for calculate the impact of adjacent column slot field.
Method the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that in the calculating model for magnetic field that described step 4 is set up, Qian Houlin
The quantity of groove is 6-12 platform.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN106709149A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-05-24 | 中南大学 | Neural network-based method and system for predicting shapes of three-dimensional hearths of aluminum cells in real time |
| CN106777690A (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2017-05-31 | 国网江苏省电力公司淮安供电公司 | A kind of computational methods of the bus kelvin effect based on ANSYS |
| CN108021768A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-05-11 | 清华大学 | A kind of automatic paragraphing method that attribute and socket information are moved towards based on busbar |
| CN110096819A (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2019-08-06 | 湘潭大学 | A kind of aluminium cell Electric Field Simulation analysis method considering anode shape change procedure |
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| CN105603457A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-05-25 | 中南大学 | Cathode bus-bar configuration method of ultra-large aluminum electrolytic cell |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106709149A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-05-24 | 中南大学 | Neural network-based method and system for predicting shapes of three-dimensional hearths of aluminum cells in real time |
| CN106777690A (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2017-05-31 | 国网江苏省电力公司淮安供电公司 | A kind of computational methods of the bus kelvin effect based on ANSYS |
| CN108021768A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-05-11 | 清华大学 | A kind of automatic paragraphing method that attribute and socket information are moved towards based on busbar |
| CN108021768B (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2021-01-01 | 清华大学 | Intelligent segmentation method based on bus trend attribute and socket information |
| CN110096819A (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2019-08-06 | 湘潭大学 | A kind of aluminium cell Electric Field Simulation analysis method considering anode shape change procedure |
| CN110096819B (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2022-11-15 | 湘潭大学 | Aluminum electrolysis cell electric field simulation analysis method considering anode shape change process |
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