CN106019621A - High resolution infrared imaging optical system and imaging method - Google Patents
High resolution infrared imaging optical system and imaging method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106019621A CN106019621A CN201610476885.1A CN201610476885A CN106019621A CN 106019621 A CN106019621 A CN 106019621A CN 201610476885 A CN201610476885 A CN 201610476885A CN 106019621 A CN106019621 A CN 106019621A
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- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/58—Optics for apodization or superresolution; Optical synthetic aperture systems
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high resolution infrared imaging optical system. The system comprises a front optical system, a filter system, a microlens array, a back set optical system and a detector focal plane array which are sequentially arranged along an optical axis, wherein the microlens array is arranged on a back focal plane of the front optical system, the filter system is a flat lens provided with multiple shadow areas and transparent areas, the microlens array and the filter system are parallel, the microlens array comprises multiple microlenses which are spliced together, the detector focal plane array comprises multiple image elements which are spliced together, the image elements, the microlenses and the transparent areas correspond to each other in one-to-one mode, and a modulation system is further arranged between the optical system and the filter system. The invention further discloses an imaging method. The system is advantaged in that the structure is simple, the system is easy to process, high resolution infrared imaging can be realized without any motion part, super large aperture angles can be realized, the system is particularly suitable for infrared wave bands, and a problem of low resolution of an infrared imaging system in the prior art can be effectively solved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to infrared optics technical field of imaging, be specifically related to a kind of high-resolution infrared imaging optical system and
Formation method.
Background technology
Many application are required for gathering high-resolution image, it is hereby achieved that target scene more details letter
Breath.In order to obtain more target information, common solution is the optical system using focal length longer.But, necessarily
Under the conditions of, along with the visual field of the elongated optical system of focal length also can reduce；On the other hand, if using an angle of visual field the biggest
Optical system the resolution of target then will necessarily be caused to reduce, this situation is more prominent in infrared imaging system.At present
The resolution of Infrared Detectors is all more much lower than the resolution of visible-light detector, and the pixel dimension of Infrared Detectors is current
Generally more than 10 μm, and the pixel dimension of visible ray can reach 2 μm, and relative to visual light imaging, infrared imaging is ensureing
Obtaining high-definition picture in the case of larger field angle can be more difficult.Such as, in the case of the angle of visual field is 30 degree, realize
The detector resolution that the angular resolution of 0.2mrad then needs is about 2620*2620, the visible-light detector of this resolution
The most common, but for Infrared Detectors particularly Long Wave Infrared Probe, it is also difficult to stable realization at present.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is according to the deficiencies in the prior art, it is provided that a kind of high-resolution infrared imaging optical system
System, utilizes multiple repairing weld technology can realize the super-resolution imaging of high-resolution imaging and ultra-large vision field, effectively solves infrared one-tenth
Low resolution shortcoming as system.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of high-resolution infrared imaging optical system,
Including the preposition optical system set gradually along optical axis direction, filter system, microlens array, rear group optical system and detector
Focal plane arrays (FPA), described microlens array is set in parallel on the back focal plane of preposition optical system, and described filter system is
The a piece of flat-plate lens being provided with multiple shadow region and transparent region, described microlens array is parallel with filter system, institute
The microlens array stated is made up of multiple lenticulees being stitched together, the corresponding transparent region of each lenticule, described
Detector focal plane arrays (FPA) be made up of multiple pixels being stitched together, the corresponding lenticule of each pixel, described
It is additionally provided with modulating system between preposition optical system and filter system.
Described a kind of high-resolution infrared imaging optical system, its shadow region is by being arranged on the anti-of flat-plate lens surface
Penetrate film to be formed.
Described a kind of high-resolution infrared imaging optical system, the distance between its microlens array and filter system is big
In equal to lenticular focal length.
Described a kind of high-resolution infrared imaging optical system, its detector focal plane arrays (FPA) is arranged on rear group of optical system
On the out of focus position at system back focal plane rear.
Described a kind of high-resolution infrared imaging optical system, the shape of its transparent region, lenticule and pixel is
Square.
Described a kind of high-resolution infrared imaging optical system, group imaging system includes pacifying successively along optical axis direction thereafter
Dress optical focusing system, optical relay system and aperture.
The two of the purpose of the present invention are to provide the formation method of a kind of high-resolution infrared imaging optical system.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of high-resolution infrared imaging optical system
Formation method, comprises the following steps:
A), preposition optical system is by the focus IR radiation of target scene to the filter system being positioned at back focal plane；
B), the infra-red radiation selectivity of target scene is passed through by filter system by transparent region；
C), the light of the transparent region that lenticule will transmit through correspondence is changed into directional light and is transferred in rear group of optical system；
D), the light received is focused on its focal plane, through each lenticular infra-red radiation at warp by rear group optical system
One infrared detector pixel of discrete open covering when being transferred to after over-focusing on detector focal plane；
E), the picture that modulating system control target scene becomes on the back focal plane of preposition optical system is along both horizontally and vertically entering
Row translation；
F) each transparent region, in filter system carries out multiple repairing weld to the infra-red radiation of its near zone, obtains successively
Data be I1, I2, I3 ..., Ix, thus the Infrared Detectors that have employed M*N resolution can obtain x1/2M*x1/2N differentiates
The image of rate.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) present system simple in construction, be prone to processing, infrared high-resolution can be realized in the case of need not moving component
Rate imaging；
(2) present system can realize the angular aperture of super large；
(3) present system low cost is particularly suitable for infrared band, efficiently solves infrared imaging system intermediate-resolution low
Problem.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of present system；
Fig. 2 is the operation principle schematic diagram of present system.
Each reference is: 1 preposition optical system, 2 filter systems, 20 transparent regions, 3 microlens arrays,
30 lenticulees, organize optical system, 5 detector focal plane arrays (FPA)s, 50 pixels, 6 modulating systems after 4.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is described in further detail.
With reference to shown in Fig. 1, as basic embodiment, the invention discloses a kind of high-resolution infrared imaging optical system
System, including the preposition optical system 1 set gradually along optical axis direction, filter system 2, microlens array 3, rear group optical system 4
With detector focal plane arrays (FPA) 5, described preposition optical system 1 for the collect infrared radiation radiated by target scene and is gathered
Jiao, is a kind of general optical module, and the infrared band scope that it can pass through as required is designed, its times magnification
Rate, angular aperture are typically to be set according to concrete range of application；Described microlens array 3 is set in parallel in preposition optics
On the back focal plane of system 1, described filter system 2 is that a piece of flat board being provided with multiple shadow region and transparent region 20 is saturating
Mirror, described microlens array 3 is parallel with filter system 2, and described microlens array 3 is by multiple lenticulees being stitched together
30 compositions, the distribution situation of the transparent region 20 in filter system 2 is the same with the distribution situation of lenticule 30, each lenticule
30 corresponding transparent regions 20, described rear group of optical system 4 arrives for the focus IR radiation that will transmit through microlens array 3
On detector focal plane arrays (FPA) 5, described detector focal plane arrays (FPA) 5 is made up of multiple pixels 50 being stitched together, each
The corresponding lenticule 30 of individual pixel 50, the picture of each lenticule 30 both corresponds to each pixel 50, described preposition optical system
Being additionally provided with modulating system 6 between system 1 and filter system 2, described modulating system 6 can control target scene at preposition optics
The picture become on the back focal plane of system 1 is along both horizontally and vertically translating.
With reference to shown in Fig. 2, as further embodiment of the present invention, described shadow region is for being arranged on flat-plate lens table
The reflectance coating in face, reflectance coating is plated in the upper part region of flat-plate lens, and the existence of reflectance coating makes some region can pass through spoke
Penetrating light, some region then can not pass through radiant light, the wherein distribution of transparent region 20 regular matrix form, coating film thickness in addition
The thinnest, almost it is negligible.
Further, described microlens array 3 is by the lenticule 30 of a series of period profile on two dimensional surface direction
Being splicing together, adjacent lenticule 30 is abuttingly reposed against together each other, and they have identical focal length f 。
Further, the transparent region 20 in the distribution of the lenticule 30 in microlens array 3 and filter system 2 point
Cloth is that the distribution according to each pixel 50 on detector focal plane arrays (FPA) 5 determines.The shape of lenticule 30 and transparent region
The shape of 20 is all the same with the shape of the pixel 50 on detector focal plane arrays (FPA) 5.
Further, the back focal plane being arranged on preposition optical system 1 of microlens array 3 certain position below, described
Microlens array 3 and the back focal plane of preposition optical system 1 between distance definition bed, anddSize equal to lenticule
The focal length of 30 f 。
Further, rear group of described imaging system 4 is arranged on the rear of microlens array 3 along the direction of optical axis, after
The distance of group imaging system 4 front surface distance microlens array 3 arbitrarily can be arranged in the range of reasonably.
Further, rear group of described imaging system 4 mainly includes installing optical focus successively along systematic optical axis direction
System, optical relay system and aperture.Wherein, optical focusing system can be come real by the plus lens of one piece of big cross dimension
Existing；Aperture is used for regulating system aperture size, may finally control system entrance pupil size；Optical relay system combines optical focus
System is for will transmit through the focus IR radiation of microlens array 3 to focal plane PS.
The formation method of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
A), preposition optical system 1 is by the focus IR radiation of target scene to the filter system 2 being positioned at back focal plane.
B), filter system 2 utilize be disposed thereon by the transparent region 20 of the aligned transfer infrared spoke to target scene
Inject row selectivity to pass through, it is also possible to being referred to as " sampling ", the sampling interval is T, and meanwhile, the size of transparent region 20 determines each
The transfer function H of sampled point.
C) lenticule 30, in microlens array 3 and transparent region 20 one_to_one corresponding in filter system 2, will transmit through
The light in territory, area pellucida 20 is changed into directional light and is transferred in rear group of optical system 4.
D) organizing optical system 4, afterwards and focus on its focal plane by the light received, infrared detector focal plane is at rear group of light
The out of focus position, rear, focal plane of system 4, so so that pass through the infra-red radiation of each lenticule 30 through over-focusing
After one infrared detector pixel 50 of the most discrete open covering when being transferred on detector focal plane.
E), modulating system 6 control that target scene becomes on the back focal plane of preposition optical system 1 as along horizontal and vertical
Direction translates.
F) each transparent region 20, in filter system 2 carries out multiple repairing weld to the infra-red radiation of its near zone, depends on
The data of secondary acquisition are I1, I2, I3 ..., Ix, thus the Infrared Detectors that have employed M*N resolution can obtain x1/2M*x1 /2The image of N resolution；Assume x=9, then the data obtained are I1, I2, I3 ..., I8, I9, so so that have employed
The Infrared Detectors of M*N resolution can obtain the image of 3M*3N resolution.
The principle of above-described embodiment only illustrative present invention and effect thereof, and the embodiment that part is used, for
For those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the premise of the invention, it is also possible to make some deformation and
Improving, these broadly fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a high-resolution infrared imaging optical system, it is characterised in that: include the preposition light set gradually along optical axis direction
System (1), filter system (2), microlens array (3), organize optical system (4) and detector focal plane arrays (FPA) (5) afterwards, described
Microlens array (3) be set in parallel on the back focal plane of preposition optical system (1), described filter system (2) is a piece of setting
Being equipped with multiple shadow region and the flat-plate lens of transparent region (20), described microlens array (3) is put down with filter system (2)
OK, described microlens array (3) is made up of multiple lenticulees (30) being stitched together, each lenticule (30) corresponding
Individual transparent region (20), described detector focal plane arrays (FPA) (5) is made up of multiple pixels (50) being stitched together, each
The corresponding lenticule (30) of pixel (50), is additionally provided with modulation between described preposition optical system (1) and filter system (2)
System (6).
A kind of high-resolution infrared imaging optical system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described shadow region
Territory is formed by the reflectance coating being arranged on flat-plate lens surface.
A kind of high-resolution infrared imaging optical system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described lenticule
Distance between array (3) and filter system (2) is more than or equal to the focal length of lenticule (30).
A kind of high-resolution infrared imaging optical system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described detector
Focal plane arrays (FPA) (5) is arranged on the out of focus position at rear group of optical system (4) back focal plane rear.
A kind of high-resolution infrared imaging optical system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described bright zone
The shape of territory (20), lenticule (30) and pixel (50) is square.
A kind of high-resolution infrared imaging optical system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described rear composition
As system (4) includes installing successively optical focusing system, optical relay system and aperture along optical axis direction.
7. the formation method of a high-resolution infrared imaging optical system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that include
Following steps:
A), preposition optical system (1) is by the focus IR radiation of target scene to the filter system (2) being positioned at back focal plane；
B), the infra-red radiation selectivity of target scene is passed through by filter system (2) by transparent region (20)；
C), the light of the transparent region (20) that lenticule (30) will transmit through correspondence is changed into directional light and is transferred to rear group of optical system
(4) in；
D) organize optical system (4), afterwards and the light received is focused on its focal plane, through the infrared spoke of each lenticule (30)
Penetrate one infrared detector pixel (50) of discrete open covering when being transferred to after over-focusing on detector focal plane；
E), the picture that modulating system (6) control target scene becomes on the back focal plane of preposition optical system (1) is along horizontal and vertical
Direction translates；
F) each transparent region (20), in filter system (2) carries out multiple repairing weld to the infra-red radiation of its near zone, depends on
The data of secondary acquisition are I1, I2, I3 ..., Ix, thus the Infrared Detectors that have employed M*N resolution can obtain x1/2M*x1 /2The image of N resolution.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109814267A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-05-28 | 长春理工大学 | It can be improved the chip type spectrometer front end coupled system of coupling efficiency |
| CN110455418A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-11-15 | 西安电子科技大学 | Super structure lens array and method for infrared detector Nonuniformity Correction |
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| CN102944305A (en) * | 2012-11-12 | 2013-02-27 | 北京航空航天大学 | Spectral imaging method and spectrum imaging instrument of snapshot-type high throughput |
| CN103148936A (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2013-06-12 | 中国科学院光电研究院 | Multispectral imager based on liquid crystal light valve technology |
| CN103234527A (en) * | 2013-04-07 | 2013-08-07 | 南京理工大学 | Multispectral light-field camera |
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2016
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| CN102944305A (en) * | 2012-11-12 | 2013-02-27 | 北京航空航天大学 | Spectral imaging method and spectrum imaging instrument of snapshot-type high throughput |
| CN103148936A (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2013-06-12 | 中国科学院光电研究院 | Multispectral imager based on liquid crystal light valve technology |
| CN103234527A (en) * | 2013-04-07 | 2013-08-07 | 南京理工大学 | Multispectral light-field camera |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109814267A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-05-28 | 长春理工大学 | It can be improved the chip type spectrometer front end coupled system of coupling efficiency |
| CN109814267B (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2021-06-18 | 长春理工大学 | Chip type spectrometer front-end coupling system capable of improving coupling efficiency |
| CN110455418A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-11-15 | 西安电子科技大学 | Super structure lens array and method for infrared detector Nonuniformity Correction |
| CN110455418B (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2020-10-23 | 西安电子科技大学 | Super-structure lens array and method for correcting non-uniformity of infrared detector |
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Address after: 430223 No. 9 Ming Ze street, mien Shan development area, Jiangxia District, Wuhan, Hubei Applicant after: Jiuzhiyang Infrared System Co., Ltd. Address before: 430223 Jiangxia City, Wuhan province sunshine road, No. 717, Applicant before: Jiuzhiyang Infrared System Co., Ltd. |
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