CN106018519A - Ionic liquid functional composite membrane modified electrode and preparation method and application thereof to detection of chlorophenol - Google Patents

Ionic liquid functional composite membrane modified electrode and preparation method and application thereof to detection of chlorophenol Download PDF

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CN106018519A
CN106018519A CN201610546627.6A CN201610546627A CN106018519A CN 106018519 A CN106018519 A CN 106018519A CN 201610546627 A CN201610546627 A CN 201610546627A CN 106018519 A CN106018519 A CN 106018519A
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modified electrode
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詹天荣
谭正伟
康敬霞
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Naklear Shandong New Material Technology Co ltd
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Qingdao University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses an ionic liquid functional composite membrane modified electrode and a preparation method and application thereof to detection of chlorophenol. Special dissolution and high electrical conductivity of ionic liquid are utilized, amino functional ionic liquid conducts epoxide ring-opening on an oxidized graphene-gold nanoparticle composite, the ionic liquid functional graphene-gold nanoparticle composite is prepared, and a dispensing method is adopted to prepare the corresponding composite membrane modified electrode. The surface of the obtained modified electrode has the advantages of being large in effective area and good in dispersibility, and many active sites exist; the synergistic effect of ionic liquid, graphene and gold nanoparticles is played on the aspect of improving direct electrochemistry and electro-catalytic performance, and electrical conductivity and catalytic performance of the modified electrode are improved. An obtained chlorophenol sensor based on the composite membrane modified electrode has the advantages of being low in detection limit, wide in detection range, high in response speed and the like.

Description

Complex film modified electrode of ion liquid functionalization and preparation method thereof and the application of detection chlorophenol
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of complex film modified electrode of ion liquid functionalization and its preparation method and application;Specifically Refer to preparation based on ion liquid functionalization Graphene-gold nanoparticle composite film modified glassy carbon electrode and electrochemistry Detection application, belongs to field of Environment Protection.
Background technology:
Chlorophenols compound content in water body is the lowest, but pi-electron energy shape on P electronics and phenyl ring in chlorine atom Become stable π-conjugated systems, major part chlorophenol all to have the biggest toxicity, and can be amassed in biosphere by food chain Tired, it is difficult to biodegradation, there is " three cause " (carcinogenic, teratogenesis, mutagenesis) effect and genetoxic, be environment The Typical Representative of middle persistence organic pollutant (Persistent Organic Pollutants, POPs).In water environment Chlorophenols compound content the lowest, analyze detection there is great difficulty.The most conventional detection method mainly has Spectrophotography, fluorescence method, HPLC, GC-MS, LC-MS, LC-MS/MS and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, These methods, while have reliable sensitivity and relatively low detection limit, but expensive equipment, sample pretreatment are complicated, Operate the most numerous and diverse, can not the shortcoming such as Site Detection significantly limit they application [Banimuslem H, Hassan A, Basova T,Gulmez A D,Tuncel S,Durmus M,Gurek A G,Ahsen V.Copper phthalocyanine/single walled carbon nanotubes hybrid thin films for pentachlorophenol detection. Sensor Actuat.B 2014,190,990-998.].Speed is fast, instrument simple, behaviour because it is analyzed for electrochemical sensing method Make easy, with low cost, highly sensitive, selectivity is good and can the advantage such as detection in real time, at chlorophenols The context of detection of compound is applied, as based on ZnSe-CTAB/GCE, HRP/Au/GCE, The inspection of the electrochemical sensor parachlorophenol of NNH-MWCNTs/GCE, CD/GRs/CPE composite modified electrode Survey.But at present this type of electrochemical sensor of report mostly exists and such as builds complexity, needs medium or probe, need Want enzyme " Ping-Pong " and catalysis and parachlorophenol catalysis oxidability difference etc. defect, be highly detrimental to it Actual application and develop on a large scale.Therefore, find the novel electrode decorative material with high electrocatalysis characteristic, Develop and still have the biggest challenge for the electrochemical sensor detecting chlorophenol.
Graphene (Grpahene, GR) is the most regularly arranged by monolayer carbon atom, and carbon atom is with sp2Hydridization It is mutually bonded formation six-membered carbon ring, then extends formation and there is the lamella of cellular two-dimension plane structure (see figure 2), it is the thinnest material with carbon element found in the world at present.GR has low cost, specific surface area is big, heat is steady Special physics, chemistry and the mechanical performances such as qualitative height, good conductivity, the most in nanoelectronic, sensing The fields such as device, battery, ultracapacitor and energy storage be widely applied [Gao Z, Wang J, Li Z, Yang W, Wang B,Hou M,He Y,Liu Q,Mann T,Yang P,Zhang M,Liu L.Graphene Nanosheet/Ni2+/Al3+ Layered Double-Hydroxide Composite as a Novel Electrode for a Supercapacitor.Chem.Mater. 2011,23,3509-3516.].Wherein as electrode modified material, due to good electric conductivity and big surface area, The use of GR nanometer sheet not only increases the modified electrode capture ability to substrate molecule, and promotes its electricity Son transmission, shows excellent electrocatalysis characteristic.Electrification based on GR modified electrode has been used such as researcher Learn method for sensing, have detected the phosphoric acid ester insecticide in environment, chlorpromazine, and 4-aminobenzene with sensitivity Environmental contaminants [Meng X, Yin H, Xu M, Ai S, the Zhu J. such as phenol, catechol, resorcinol and hydroquinone Electrochemical determination of nonylphenol based on ionic liquid-functionalized graphene nanosheet modified glassy carbon electrode and its interaction with DNA.J.Solid State Electrochem.2012,16:2837–2843.].At present, GR is generally by electronation graphene oxide (GO) Preparation, but GR is easy to Severe aggregation in chemical reduction procedure, can not really reflect that GR receives The internal performance of rice monolithic, hinders it significantly as electron transmission performance during electrode modified material.For understanding Certainly this difficult problem, the most first prepares functional nano-composites with monoatomic layer GO nanometer sheet for substrate, then enters Row in-situ reducing GO, the GR nano-complex of preparation reduction form, so that GR reaches in composite membrane The dispersion of molecular level, plays each component in nano composite membrane to greatest extent and improves the synergism of electron transmission.
Golden nanometer particle (AuNPs), in addition to having skin effect and quantum size effect, also has good Electric conductivity and biocompatibility, can reduce greatly the distance between electron donor and receptor, improve electronics between electrode Transfer rate, in electrochemical sensing field, there is important application.But AuNPs generally also there will be reunion Phenomenon, drastically influence it and applies further.Therefore, preparing complex based on AuNPs is to solve this The important thinking of problem.
Amino functional ionic liquid is not only a kind of high conductivity, is had the green solvent of special solubility property, And its functional amino can epoxide ring generation ring-opening reaction substantial amounts of with GO surface, modify to based on The composite material surface of GO/GR.Due to special dissolubility, substantial amounts of electric charge and high electric conductivity, from The introducing of sub-liquid can be greatly improved the dispersibility of GO/GR sill, stability and electric conductivity.At present, Use amino functional ionic liquid that GO-AuNPs composite carries out epoxy addition reaction preparation ionic liquid Body functionalization graphene-gold nano grain complex (IL-GR-AuNPs), and repair based on this complexes membrane The research of decorations electrode and parachlorophenol context of detection thereof have not been reported.Employing electrostatic assembly and covalency are repaiied by the present invention Decorations method prepares IL-GR-AuNPs, prepares corresponding modified electrode the detection for parachlorophenol.
Use electrostatic assembly and covalent modification method to prepare IL-GR-AuNPs, GR nanometer sheet pair can not only be made AuNPs is successfully coated with, the problem that effectively suppression GR nanometer sheet and AuNPs assemble, and improves composite Specific surface area and electric conductivity, and by the covalent modification of IL, it is also possible to improve leading of complex further Electrically, dispersibility and stability, give full play to IL, GR and AuNPs advantage in terms of electrode modification, Compensate for defect when they are used alone.IL-GR-AuNPs complex is used for modified glassy carbon electrode, should Nano composite membrane can provide more avtive spot, higher electric conductivity and good dispersibility, gives full play to The synergism of three kinds of components, thus improve tested substance Direct Electrochemistry on modified electrode and electro-catalysis Performance, to setting up, Novel high-sensitivity electrochemical detection method is significant.
Summary of the invention:
Studying and the demand of application for the deficiencies in the prior art and this area, an object of the present invention is to carry For a kind of complex film modified electrode of ion liquid functionalization;I.e. by amino functional ionic liquid to graphene oxide -gold nano grain complex carries out the IL-GR-AuNPs complex that epoxy addition prepares, and with this complex system Standby corresponding modified electrode.
A kind of complex film modified electrode of ion liquid functionalization provided by the present invention, it is characterised in that described ion The complex film modified electrode of liquid functionalization is made as basal electrode, ion liquid functionalization composite membrane by glass-carbon electrode Form for electrode modified material;Described ion liquid functionalization composite membrane is to oxygen by amino functional ionic liquid Functionalized graphene-gold nano grain complex carries out ion liquid functionalization Graphene-Jenner that epoxy addition prepares Rice grain complex;Described glass-carbon electrode is designated as GCE;Described graphene oxide is designated as GO, described Graphene Being designated as GR, described gold nano grain is denoted as AuNPs;Described ionic liquid is 1-methyl-3-aminopropyl imidazoles hydrogen Bromate, is designated as IL, and its structural formula is as follows:
Described graphene oxide is designated as GO, and described Graphene is designated as GR, and described ionic liquid is 1-butyl-3- Aminopropyl imidazoles four Chlorine borate, is designated as IL, and its structural formula is as follows:
The two of the purpose of the present invention are to provide the preparation method of the complex film modified electrode of a kind of ion liquid functionalization, It is characterized in that including step in detail below:
The preparation of (a) AuNPs dispersion liquid
Take the HAuCl that 100mL mass concentration is 0.01%4Aqueous solution, is heated to boiling, is stirred continuously lower slow The slow 1.5mL mass fraction that adds is the sodium citrate solution of 1%, continues agitating heating and boils 15min, solution Become aubergine and be cooled to room temperature, recover to original volume with deionized water, obtain AuNPs dispersion liquid;
The preparation of (b) GO-AuNPs nano composite material
Use hummer method to prepare GO, and the GO of a certain amount of gained is dispersed in water so that it is concentration is 5mg/mL, ultrasonic disperse 2 hours, 3000rpm is centrifuged 10min and removes undispersed GO, peeled off GO dispersion liquid;Take this GO dispersion liquid of 20mL, be stirred continuously down and be slowly added dropwise 10mL's wherein AuNPs dispersion liquid, is sufficiently mixed under rear room temperature airtight condition stirring 12 hours, and 5000rmp is centrifuged 10min After, gained brownish black precipitation is GO-AuNPs complex;
The preparation of (c) IL-GR-AuNPs composite
The GO-AuNPs complex 10~40mg weighing gained in step (b) is scattered in 20mL deionized water In, it is slowly added to supersound process 30min after 5~10mg IL and 5~10mg KOH wherein;After ultrasonic Dispersion liquid at 80 DEG C heated and stirred backflow 24h, the product 8000rmp obtained be centrifuged 5min, successively With water and absolute ethanol washing 3 times, gained black solid material is IL-GR-AuNPs complex;
The preparation of the complex film modified glass-carbon electrode of (d) IL-GR-AuNPs
The IL-GR-AuNPs composite deionized water obtained in step (c) is configured to concentration is 1 The pulpous state liquid of mg/mL, takes this pulpous state drop-coated of 6~12 μ L on the surface of glass-carbon electrode, naturally dries, To IL-GR-AuNPs/GCE modified electrode.
It is characterized in that IL-GR-AuNPs complex described in step (c) be IL in the basic conditions with In GO-AuNPs complex, the epoxide ring generation open loop on GO molecule generates;Described IL-GR-AuNPs Complex be IL covalent modification in the AuNPs composite surface being coated with by GR, can with stable existence 2 days, GO-AuNPs hybrid settles within 10min the most completely, dividing of described IL-GR-AuNPs complex Dissipate property and stability is significantly improved.
The three of the object of the invention are to provide a kind of complex film modified electrode of ion liquid functionalization in preparation electrochemistry Application in terms of sensor.Specifically, it is simply that the complex film modified electrode of described ion liquid functionalization is at chlorophenol The application of context of detection.
More specifically, described chlorophenol is 2,4-Dichlorophenol.
The present invention utilizes the advantage such as solubility property special for IL and high electric conductivity, will by covalent modification method The IL of amino functional introduces GR-AuNPs hybrid surface, prepares IL-GR-AuNPs complex;Use Drop-coating is prepared for IL-GR-AuNPs/GCE, and has constructed the third generation based on IL-GR-AuNPs composite membrane Chlorophenol electrochemical sensor.
Compared with prior art, major advantage is: the complex film modified electrode of gained of the present invention is at electro-catalysis chlorophenol Aspect has played IL, GR and AuNPs cooperative effect: AuNPs and has improve the specific surface area of composite membrane and lead Electrically, with entering to inhibit the gathering of GR nanometer sheet;Prepare complex with GR nanometer sheet for substrate, effectively press down Having made the gathering of AuNPs, both electrostatic assembly improve electro-catalysis and the electron transmission efficiency of complex;IL Covalent modification further enhancing the electric conductivity of GR-AuNPs hybrid, dispersibility and stability; IL-GR-AuNPs composite membrane, as the bridge between chlorophenol and basal electrode, substantially increases the capture of parachlorophenol And electro-catalysis ability.Specifically, the electrochemical catalysis of IL-GR-AuNPs composite membrane parachlorophenol creates expectation Less than technique effect;The electrocatalytic effect of gained of the present invention complex film modified electrode parachlorophenol, with Individually AuNPs or GR, or compared with the GR-AuNPs complex obtained by chemical reduction method, All have and be significantly improved;Sensor of the present invention has that quickly response, Monitoring lower-cut be low, detection range width And it being applicable to the features such as Site Detection, method is simple to operate, mild condition, preparation cost are low.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is the electron scanning micrograph (b) of embodiment 2 gained IL-GO-AuNPs complex and right The electron scanning micrograph (a) of ratio 2 gained GO-AuNPs complex.
Fig. 2 is the optics of embodiment 2 gained IL-GO-AuNPs (a) and comparative example 2 gained GO-AuNPs (b) Photo, the photo of the dispersibility in water when left figure is 0min, right figure is the photograph of the dispersibility after 120min Sheet.
Fig. 3 is that embodiment 2 (c), comparative example 1 (a), comparative example 2 (b) gained modified electrode are containing 5.0mmol/L [Fe(CN)6]3-/4-With the cyclic voltammogram in 0.1mol/L KCl solution.
Fig. 4 be IL-GO-AuNPs in embodiment 2 with in the bare electrode in comparative example 1, comparative example 2 GO-AuNPs modified electrode is containing 5.0mmol/L [Fe (CN)6]-3/-4With in 0.1mol/L KCl solution Impedance diagram.
Fig. 5 is that embodiment 2 (c), comparative example 1 (a), comparative example 2 (b) gained modified electrode are containing In the PBS buffer solution of the pH=8 of 0.2 μm ol/mL2,4-Dichlorophenol, sweep speed for circulation volt during 100mV/s Antu.
Fig. 6 is the IL-GO-AuNPs modified electrode PBS buffer solution at pH=8 of gained in embodiment 2 In, sweep speed for 100mV/s time, with 2, the DPV curve that 4-Dichlorophenol concentration constantly increases, illustration for oxidation Peak current and the linear relationship of 2,4-Dichlorophenol concentration.
Detailed description of the invention:
For being further appreciated by the present invention, the invention will be further described with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but also Limit the present invention never in any form.
Embodiment 1:
The preparation of (a) AuNPs dispersion liquid
Take the HAuCl that 100mL mass concentration is 0.01%4Aqueous solution, is heated to boiling, is stirred continuously lower slow The slow 1.5mL mass fraction that adds is the sodium citrate solution of 1%, continues agitating heating and boils 15min, solution Become aubergine and be cooled to room temperature, recover to original volume with deionized water, obtain AuNPs dispersion liquid;
The preparation of (b) GO-AuNPs nano composite material
Use hummer method to prepare GO, and the GO of a certain amount of gained is dispersed in water so that it is concentration is 5mg/mL, ultrasonic disperse 2 hours, 3000rpm is centrifuged 10min and removes undispersed GO, peeled off GO dispersion liquid;Take this GO dispersion liquid of 20mL, be stirred continuously down and be slowly added dropwise 10mL's wherein AuNPs dispersion liquid, is sufficiently mixed under rear room temperature airtight condition stirring 12 hours, and 5000rmp is centrifuged 10min After, gained brownish black precipitation is GO-AuNPs complex;
The preparation of (c) IL-GR-AuNPs composite
The GO-AuNPs complex 10mg weighing gained in step (b) is scattered in 20mL deionized water, It is slowly added to supersound process 30min after 5mg IL and 5mg KOH wherein;By the dispersion liquid after ultrasonic in At 80 DEG C, heated and stirred backflow 24h, the product 8000rmp obtained are centrifuged 5min, successively by water and anhydrous second Alcohol washs 3 times, and gained black solid material is IL-GR-AuNPs complex;
The preparation of the complex film modified glass-carbon electrode of (d) IL-GR-AuNPs
The IL-GR-AuNPs composite deionized water obtained in step (c) is configured to concentration is 1 The pulpous state liquid of mg/mL, takes this pulpous state drop-coated of 8 μ L on the surface of glass-carbon electrode, naturally dries, obtain IL-GR-AuNPs/GCE modified electrode.
Embodiment 2:
The preparation of (a) AuNPs
Prepare according to the method in step (a) in embodiment 1 and condition;
The preparation of (b) GO-AuNPs nano composite material
Prepare according to the method in step (b) in embodiment 1 and condition;
The preparation of (c) IL-GR-AuNPs composite
The GO-AuNPs complex 20mg weighing gained in step (b) is scattered in 20mL deionized water, It is slowly added to supersound process 30min after 10mg IL and 10mg KOH wherein;By the dispersion liquid after ultrasonic At 80 DEG C, heated and stirred backflow 24h, the product 8000rmp obtained are centrifuged 5min, successively by water and nothing Water-ethanol washs 3 times, and gained black solid material is IL-GR-AuNPs complex;
The preparation of (d) IL-GR-AuNPs composite modified glassy carbon electrode
Prepare according to the method in step (d) in embodiment 1 and condition.
Embodiment 3:
The preparation of (a) AuNPs
Prepare according to the method in step (a) in embodiment 1 and condition;
The preparation of (b) GO-AuNPs nano composite material
Prepare according to the method in step (b) in embodiment 1 and condition;
The preparation of (c) IL-GR-AuNPs composite
The GO-AuNPs complex 30mg weighing gained in step (b) is scattered in 20mL deionized water, It is slowly added to supersound process 30min after 10mg IL and 10mg KOH wherein;By the dispersion liquid after ultrasonic At 80 DEG C, heated and stirred backflow 24h, the product 8000rmp obtained are centrifuged 5min, successively by water and nothing Water-ethanol washs 3 times, and gained black solid material is IL-GR-AuNPs complex;
The preparation of (d) IL-GR-AuNPs composite modified glassy carbon electrode
The IL-GR-AuNPs composite deionized water obtained in step (c) is configured to concentration is 1 The pulpous state liquid of mg/mL, takes this pulpous state drop-coated of 10 μ L on the surface of glass-carbon electrode, naturally dries, obtain IL-GR-AuNPs/ GCE modified electrode.
Embodiment 4:
The preparation of (a) AuNPs
Prepare according to the method in step (a) in embodiment 1 and condition;
The preparation of (b) GO-AuNPs nano composite material
Prepare according to the method in step (b) in embodiment 1 and condition;
The preparation of (c) IL-GR-AuNPs composite
The GO-AuNPs complex 40mg weighing gained in step (b) is scattered in 20mL deionized water, It is slowly added to supersound process 30min after 10mg IL and 10mg KOH wherein;By the dispersion liquid after ultrasonic At 80 DEG C, heated and stirred backflow 24h, the product 8000rmp obtained are centrifuged 5min, successively by water and nothing Water-ethanol washs 3 times, and gained black solid material is IL-GR-AuNPs complex;
The preparation of (d) IL-GR-AuNPs composite modified glassy carbon electrode
Prepare according to the method in step (d) in embodiment 3 and condition.
Comparative example 1:
Directly use naked GCE.
Comparative example 2:
According to the above-mentioned method preparing modified electrode, being prepared as concentration with GO-AuNPs composite is 1 The dispersion liquid of mg/mL, takes 8 μ L drop coatings in the glassy carbon electrode surface of milled, obtains after naturally drying GO-AuNPs/GCE。
Fig. 1 is the electron scanning micrograph (b) of embodiment 2 gained IL-GR-AuNPs complex and right The electron scanning micrograph (a) of ratio 2 gained GO-AuNPs complex.Can from scanning electron microscope (a) figure To find out, as substrate GO nanometer sheet, there is wrinkle striped clearly, the ball of random distribution on its lamella The AuNPs of shape, its particle diameter is about 100~150nm.After IL covalent modification, IL-GR-AuNPs (figure b) is compound In thing, the border of AuNPs substantially becomes weak, and the pleated structure of GR nanometer sheet is close to and disappears, complex The surface of film, compared to the GO-AuNPs of non-IL functionalization, becomes more smooth, and this is primarily due to IL and leads to Cross the epoxide ring generation ring-opening reaction covalent modification with GO surface to be caused on its surface.
Fig. 2 is the optics of embodiment 2 gained IL-GR-AuNPs (a) and comparative example 2 gained GO-AuNPs (b) Photo.Left figure is the photo of the dispersibility in water during 0min, and right figure is the dispersibility after 120min Photo.It can be seen that the product IL-GR-AuNPs after IL functionalization has well dispersion in water Property, also has no sedimentation after 120min;And the dispersibility that the product GO-AuNPs of non-functionalization is in water Difference, this covalency being primarily due to IL introduces, and composite surface can be made electrically charged, simultaneously because IL is special Dissolubility and the existence of amino functional group, make IL-GR-AuNPs complex both have preferable parent Aqueous, has again charging property, thus has good dispersibility, create condition for preparing modified electrode.
Fig. 3 is that embodiment 2 (c), comparative example 1 (a), comparative example 2 (b) gained modified electrode are containing 5.0mmol/L [Fe(CN)6]3-/4-With the cyclic voltammogram in 0.1mol/L KCl solution.During in figure, a curve is comparative example 1 Bare electrode is at [Fe (CN)6]3-/4-With the cyclic voltammetry curve in 0.1mol/L KCl solution, b curve comparison in figure The cyclic voltammetry curve of GO-AuNPs modified electrode in example 2, compared to the GCE in comparative example 1, contrast The redox current of the GO-AuNPs/GCE in example 2 increases, and this is owing to having high conductivity After AuNPs Yu GO electrostatic assembly, improve electrode interface to [Fe (CN)6]3-/4-Capture ability, and improve Electron transmission efficiency between itself and basal electrode.And during in figure, c curve is embodiment 2 GCE in the cyclic voltammetry curve of IL-GR-AuNPs modified electrode, with comparative example 1,2, GO-AuNPs/GCE compares, and the redox current of IL-GO-AuNPs/GCE is maximum, and this explanation is through altogether Valency is modified after introducing IL, and IL-GO-AuNPs composite membrane further increases the electrocatalysis characteristic of composite membrane.
Fig. 4 be IL-GR-AuNPs in embodiment 2 with in the bare electrode in comparative example 1, comparative example 2 GO-AuNPs modified electrode is containing 5.0mmol/L [Fe (CN)6]3-/4-With the resistance in 0.1mol/L KCl solution Anti-figure.It can be seen that spectrogram is divided into two parts, the wherein semicircle correspondence effective electron under high frequency condition Transfer control process, its half circular diameter represents electron transfer resistance (Ret);And the linear segment pair of low-frequency range Answer is that solutes accumulation controls process.Electrochemical impedance result shows, the GO-AuNPs/GCE in comparative example 2 Relative to naked GCE, its arc radius significantly reduces, AuNPs Yu the GO electrostatic assembly of high conductivity is described After reduce the resistance of electron transmission.The IL-GO-AuNPs/GCE of embodiment 2 correspondence, its arc radius is Little, it is close in straight line, the covalency of this explanation IL introduces and makes the electric conductivity of IL-GO-AuNPs/GCE enter One step strengthens, thus shows faster electron transport rate, also illustrate that composite is successfully repaiied simultaneously Decorations have arrived the surface of electrode.
Fig. 5 is that embodiment 2 (c), comparative example 1 (a), comparative example 2 (b) gained modified electrode are containing 0.2 In the PBS buffer solution of the pH=8 of μm ol/mL2,4-Dichlorophenol, sweep speed for cyclic voltammetric during 100mV/s Figure.According to figure it can be seen that electrode is containing 2, the PBS of 4-Dichlorophenol only has oxidation peak, explanation This reaction is irreversible oxidation reaction and electron transfer process.It can be seen that comparative example 1 (curve A) oxidation peak current of corresponding bare electrode is minimum;GO-AuNPs/GCE electrode corresponding in comparative example 2 (b) Oxidation peak current significantly increase than the peak current of the bare electrode in comparative example 1;Embodiment 2 is used IL function The oxidoreduction peak current of the IL-GR-AuNPs/GCE electrode after change is maximum, illustrates to be combined with GO-AuNPs The electron transport rate of the electrode that material is modified improves, and the electron transport rate of IL-GR-AuNPs/GCE enters One step increases, and its electric conductivity further enhances, and shows best electrocatalysis characteristic.
Fig. 6 is the IL-GR-AuNPs modified electrode PBS buffer solution at pH=8 of gained in embodiment 2 In, sweep speed for 100mV/s time, with 2, the DPV curve that 4-Dichlorophenol concentration constantly increases, illustration for oxidation Peak current and the linear relationship of 2,4-Dichlorophenol concentration.Along with 2, the increase of 4-Dichlorophenol concentration, oxidation peak current It is gradually increased.When 2,4-Dichlorophenol concentration when 0.01~165 μm ol/L, peak current and 2,4-Dichlorophenol concentration Linear, as shown in illustration in Fig. 6, its linear equation is Ip (μ A)=-1.523C (μm ol/L) -0.1169 (R=0.9996), detection is limited to 3.3nM.Its performance is much better than GR-AuNPs/GCE (detection range Being 0.5~48 μm ol/L, detection is limited to 50.6nM).This shows gained in embodiment 2 The 2 of IL-GR-AuNPs modified electrode structure, 4-Dichlorophenol electrochemical sensor has range of linearity width, detection limit The feature such as low.

Claims (5)

1. the complex film modified electrode of ion liquid functionalization, it is characterised in that described ion liquid functionalization Complex film modified electrode is by glass-carbon electrode as basal electrode, and ion liquid functionalization composite membrane is as electrode modification Material forms;Described ion liquid functionalization composite membrane be by amino functional ionic liquid to graphene oxide- Gold nano grain complex carries out the prepared ion liquid functionalization Graphene-gold nano grain of epoxy addition and is combined Thing;Described glass-carbon electrode is designated as GCE;Described graphene oxide is designated as GO, and described Graphene is designated as GR, Described gold nano grain is denoted as AuNPs;Described ionic liquid is 1-methyl-3-aminopropyl imidazoles hydrobromate, Being designated as IL, its structural formula is as follows:
Described graphene oxide is designated as GO, and described Graphene is designated as GR, and described ionic liquid is 1-butyl-3- Aminopropyl imidazoles four Chlorine borate, is designated as IL, and its structural formula is as follows:
The preparation method of the complex film modified electrode of described ion liquid functionalization, it is characterised in that include in detail below Step:
The preparation of (a) AuNPs dispersion liquid
Take the HAuCl that 100mL mass concentration is 0.01%4Aqueous solution, is heated to boiling, is stirred continuously lower slow The slow 1.5mL mass fraction that adds is the sodium citrate solution of 1%, continues agitating heating and boils 15min, solution Become aubergine and be cooled to room temperature, recover to original volume with deionized water, obtain AuNPs dispersion liquid;
The preparation of (b) GO-AuNPs nano composite material
Use hummer method to prepare GO, and the GO of a certain amount of gained is dispersed in water so that it is concentration is 5mg/mL, ultrasonic disperse 2 hours, 3000rpm is centrifuged 10min and removes undispersed GO, peeled off GO dispersion liquid;Take this GO dispersion liquid of 20mL, be stirred continuously down and be slowly added dropwise 10mL's wherein AuNPs dispersion liquid, is sufficiently mixed under rear room temperature airtight condition stirring 12 hours, and 5000rmp is centrifuged 10min After, gained brownish black precipitation is GO-AuNPs complex;
The preparation of (c) IL-GR-AuNPs composite
The GO-AuNPs complex 10~40mg weighing gained in step (b) is scattered in 20mL deionized water In, it is slowly added to supersound process 30min after 5~10mg IL and 5~10mg KOH wherein;After ultrasonic Dispersion liquid at 80 DEG C heated and stirred backflow 24h, the product 8000rmp obtained be centrifuged 5min, successively With water and absolute ethanol washing 3 times, gained black solid material is IL-GR-AuNPs complex;
The preparation of the complex film modified glass-carbon electrode of (d) IL-GR-AuNPs
The IL-GR-AuNPs composite deionized water obtained in step (c) is configured to concentration is 1 The pulpous state liquid of mg/mL, takes this pulpous state drop-coated of 6~12 μ L on the surface of glass-carbon electrode, naturally dries, To IL-GR-AuNPs/GCE modified electrode.
The preparation method of the complex film modified electrode of a kind of ion liquid functionalization the most according to claim 1, It is characterized in that IL-GR-AuNPs complex described in step (c) be IL in the basic conditions with In GO-AuNPs complex, the epoxide ring generation open loop on GO molecule generates;Described IL-GR-AuNPs Complex be IL covalent modification in the AuNPs composite surface being coated with by GR, can with stable existence 2 days, GO-AuNPs hybrid settles within 10min the most completely, dividing of described IL-GR-AuNPs complex Dissipate property and stability is significantly improved.
3. a kind of complex film modified electrode of ion liquid functionalization described in claim 1 or 2 is in preparation electrochemistry Application in terms of sensor.
The application of the complex film modified electrode of a kind of ion liquid functionalization the most according to claim 3, its It is characterised by that this modified electrode can be used for the detection of chlorophenol.
The application of the complex film modified electrode of a kind of ion liquid functionalization the most according to claim 4, its It is characterised by that described chlorophenol is 2,4-Dichlorophenol.
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