CN106017953A - Test method and system used for large-scale complex structure test research - Google Patents
Test method and system used for large-scale complex structure test research Download PDFInfo
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- CN106017953A CN106017953A CN201610231829.1A CN201610231829A CN106017953A CN 106017953 A CN106017953 A CN 106017953A CN 201610231829 A CN201610231829 A CN 201610231829A CN 106017953 A CN106017953 A CN 106017953A
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- antivibrator
- minor structure
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- G01M99/007—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass by applying a load, e.g. for resistance or wear testing
Abstract
The invention relates to a test method and system used for large-scale complex structure test research, i.e., performing test and predicting multiple physical test piece response based on a single physical test piece; the method and system are suitable for large-scale complex structure tests in the fields such as construction, machinery and aviation. The method classifies all components or assembly units in test research objects which require physical testing, divides components or assembly units with same or highly similar performances into a set, selects one from each set of components or assembly units as a physical substructure test piece to perform test, and performs mathematical prediction on the performance of other components or assembly units in the set through elected physical substructure test performance, thereby improving structure test efficiency and accuracy. The method substantially reduces test equipment and scale requirements, and provides a convenient test idea and research method for large-scale complex structure test research.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of test method for large and complex structure experimental study and realize technology, belong to seismic testing neck
Territory.
Background technology
Substructure Testing technology is readily able to modeled segments and carries out numerical simulation, and remainder carries out physical test, is not improving test
Larger sized model, even full scale test can be completed on the premise of device hardware ability, for widening trial stretch, reduce
Experimentation cost has far reaching significance.Extensive concern is obtained at present in fields such as machinery, space flight and buildings.In engineering structure experimental study
In application, whole Study system is difficult to component or the parts often more than one modeled, it is necessary to multiple physics minor structures are simultaneously
Test, this needs more loading equipemtn undoubtedly, is still difficult in Routine Test Lab.Such as, with Architectural Structure Experimentation
As a example by research, when frame structure exist multiple antivibrator or support time, due to structural framing be prone to modeling, therefore using framework as
Numerical value minor structure, is simulated in a computer；Using n antivibrator or support as n physics minor structure, and pass through interface
Transmission guarantees consistent as shown in Figure 1 with original structure response.So test can ensure that the accuracy of test structure, but for many,
High-rise labyrinth, needs to arrange that the position of antivibrator or support is more, using its in addition to framework all as physics minor structure,
The equipment such as multiple actuator and sensor of need auxiliary, takes considerable time and financial resource and material resource, and divides that interface is more is unfavorable for entirety
Calculating and test is carried out, in operation, huge being prone to of workload produces bigger error；Simultaneously because antivibrator or supporting form are identical,
Self power characteristic is similar, the most how to hold other all similar structures by the physics sub-structural test of single antivibrator or support
Part or the performance of parts, so that the identical component of performance or parts have only to a physical test, this is to reducing examination further
Test cost, improve test accuracy significant.
Summary of the invention
In civil engineering, the large and complex structure such as such as high level, bridge is when carrying out sub-structural test, generally requires multiple structures
Parts or component, as physics minor structure, need multiple loading equipemtn to test simultaneously.But the mechanical property of these physics minor structures
Can be the most closely similar, the isolation cushion in the similar antivibrator installed in such as high-level structure or support, bridge structure or bridge pier etc..
The present invention, in order to overcome in sub-structural test realization simultaneously need to multiple loading equipemtn carries out the deficiency of physics sub-structural test, proposes
A kind of sub-structural test method for large and complex structure test realizes technology.The method by experimental study object needs into
All components of row physical test or parts are classified, using component the highest for same or like for mechanical property degree or parts as
One group, in often organizing component or parts, choose one test as physics minor structure test specimen, other components or parts in this group
Performance carry out mathematical prediction by selected physics sub-structural test performance, thus reach equivalence and this group component or parts carried out
The purpose of physics sub-structural test, to reduce testing equipment quantity, to reduce numerical value, the purpose of physics Substructure Interfaces, from
And improve structural test efficiency and accuracy.
To achieve these goals, this invention takes following technical scheme:
Use sub-structural test method to carry out large and complex structure experimental study to need to solve boundary condition simulation and physics sub-structural test two
Individual key issue.In order to ensure the accurate simulation of boundary condition, when physics minor structure divides from the relatively simple interface of stress
Separately；In order to ensure that the laboratory of multiple physics sub-structural test realizes, after physics minor structure being classified according to performance characteristics, choosing
Take stress and the structural elements of deformation maximum or parts carry out laboratory test, with class A of geometric unitA or parts remain physics minor structure
Performance is estimated according to laboratory results, to reach the purpose of a physics test specimen a collection of physics test specimen of replacement.
Mainly comprise the steps that
Step 1, it is readily able to the part of mathematical modeling as numerical value minor structure, remainder according to institute's research structure self mechanics feature
It is allocated as physics minor structure, and carries out physics minor structure examination according to parameters such as element type, material therefor, scantlings to required
The component tested or the hysteretic characteristic of parts are estimated, according to hysteretic characteristic similarity degree to the component of physics sub-structural test or portion
Part is classified；
Step 2, according to basic mechanical principle or set up overall structure suitable mathematical model analysis and obtain all kinds of physics minor structure test specimen
Middle stress and maximum that of deformation, be chosen to be the component carrying out laboratory test；
Step 3, for different types of physics minor structure test specimen loading characteristic, set up and can be used for online estimation in real time and try
The numerical prediction algorithm of the physics minor structure test specimen constitutive model tested (such as conventional forward, regressive interpolation method), in order to according to number
The calculating displacement of value sub-structure model obtains each different physics minor structures and reacts on the interfacial force of numerical value minor structure；
Step 4, combine the characteristic of physics minor structure constitutive model method of estimation and set up and compensate loading equipemtn, sensor and truly try
The control method of test part dynamic trait impact；
Suitable hardware and software equipment is chosen in step 5, requirement according to sensor, loading equipemtn and algorithm computational efficiency,
Realize above-mentioned test.
Described step 1, particularly as follows: object of study is carried out preliminary mechanical analysis by (1), determines which part is prone to set up mathematical modulo
Type, which part is difficult to set up mathematical model；(2) it is readily able to founding mathematical models part set up math equation and describe its characteristic；
(3) part being difficult to set up mathematical model is defined as physics minor structure, then according to component or variety of components, material, cross section
Or physics minor structure classified by the factor such as length dimension；
Described step 2 particularly as follows: the structure of required research is carried out preliminary mechanical analysis, from step 1 classify gained every class thing
Reason minor structure determine stress and deforms maximum one, being chosen to be test test specimen and carry out laboratory physical test.If simple power
Credit analysis cannot determine that in every class physics minor structure test specimen, which component or parts stress are maximum with deformation, then need to be simplified by foundation
FEM (finite element) model carries out Primary Numerical prediction, to determine most suitable physical test test specimen；
Described step 3 is particularly as follows: according to physical test test specimen induction and conclusion dissimilar physics minor structure selected in step 2
Mechanics feature, sets up physics minor structure constitutive model searching algorithm, uses this searching method to respond from laboratory physics specimen test
The untested test specimen of middle acquisition responds, and by calculating this position displacement, finds the interfacial force of correspondence and execute on test curve obtained
It is added on numerical value minor structure correspondence position；
Described step 4 is particularly as follows: consider search in loading equipemtn, numerical integration algorithm, physics minor structure and step 3 and calculate
The impact of the factors such as method, sets up the inverse compensating control method of online feedforward；
According to the research contents determined in step 1-4, described step 5 is particularly as follows: consider that physics minor structure scale selection includes sensing
Tolerance journey, loading equipemtn kind etc., and according to carrying out the program of software analysis needed for the consideration of numerical value minor structure form complexity,
Realize test.
Compared with the sub-structural test method that original large and complex structure is tested, advantages of the present invention is as follows:
(1) reduce and need to carry out the test test specimen quantity of laboratory test, be substantially reduced experimentation cost, test required time,
Manpower and materials, improve the feasibility of test, make the large-scale experiment that can not carry out under equivalent assay conditions become simultaneously
For possible；
(2) easy and simple to handle, it is to avoid in error produced by the operating process that test is complicated, reduce numerical value minor structure and physics
Interface between structure connects, and makes test be more easy to realize.
(3) large and complex structure many physics sub-structural test can the most directly be carried out, it is not necessary to stick to the limit of place and equipment
System, and the requirement of experimental facilities, widen trial stretch more.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The existing dynamic substructures of Fig. 1 realizes principle (as a example by equipped with the frame structure of antivibrator)；
Fig. 2 the inventive method flowchart；
Fig. 3 medium power of the present invention Substructure Testing realizes principle (as a example by equipped with the frame structure of antivibrator).
Detailed description of the invention
Technical scheme is shown in Figure 2, with as shown in Figure 1 equipped with the Tall Structures test of antivibrator or support
As a example by, in conjunction with relevant drawings, the enforcement step of the present invention is described in detail below.In order to control the dynamic respond of high-level structure, logical
Configuration antivibrator or support the most in the structure, therefore this pilot system is mainly made up of beam, post and antivibrator or support.Between beam column
Usually fixed end link, antivibrator or be supported for single load bearing rod member, in order to ensure that its mechanical property gives full play to, and between beam column
Articulated form is generally used to connect.Consequently, it is possible to beam column composition structural system mechanical property clearer, compared to support or
Antivibrator is easier to founding mathematical models.Therefore, will support or antivibrator will be as physics minor structure, the structural system of beam column composition
As numerical value minor structure.Utilize the present invention realize this experiment to be embodied as step as follows:
(1) numerical model is set up, and physics minor structure is chosen.The knot in addition to antivibrator and support is set up in a computer by software
Structure model；Physical model should choose antivibrator or support in a structure, and this antivibrator or support are chosen should be representative, and
Not should be an example, if such as structure has various ways or the antivibrator of size or supports, need to choose respectively and enter as physics minor structure
Row considers.As it is shown on figure 3, four layers of framework is due to antivibrator kind and equivalently-sized, therefore choose one layer of antivibrator as physics
Minor structure calculates.
(2) modeling analysis selects the physics minor structure of stress displacement maximum.Owing to only carrying out the test of a physics minor structure,
And antivibrator or support self similar mechanical, therefore by testing single antivibrator or can support and speculate remaining antivibrator
Response in the structure, calculates containing the relative storey displacement value of floor at antivibrator or support, according to experiment gained hysteresis loop,
Find the power of correspondence, and be added on structure.But if the antivibrator stress chosen is less, then other damper force displacements cannot be wrapped
Including including, therefore need the antivibrator selecting stress maximum as physics minor structure, herein stress and deformation maximum for first
The corresponding antivibrator of layer, is chosen as physics test specimen.
(3) numerical analysis algorithm is set up.On the basis of existing physics sub-structural test result, corresponding numerical analysis need to be set up
Algorithm, for contacting different constitutive relations between each antivibrator, is unified and is represented with the point on experiment gained hysteresis loop
Stressing conditions.
(4) dynamic trait control method.No matter actuator or vibration table, self power characteristic is complicated, real-time dynamic substructures
Feedback loop festival-gathering fault in enlargement in test, it is therefore desirable to consider that control algolithm balance reduces error.
(5) experiment software and hardware combining realizes.Whole test realize mainly include numerical model solve, data transmission, controller and
The aspects such as testing equipment.Choose corresponding interface and the test software such as hardware and numerical value minor structure solves, controller operation is carried out
Connecting, such as, it is to be realized by SIMULINK software that numerical value minor structure solves with controller, and this may select and grinds China's PCI board
Card or DSpace system realize the compatible connection of software and hardware, successfully realize.
Last it is noted that above summary of the invention is only in order to illustrate the present invention, and and unrestricted technical side described in the invention
Case；The present invention is not only applicable to consider the real-time dynamic substructures experiment of antivibrator and support effect, and other field is correlated with large-scale
The sub-structural test technology of labyrinth test all should contain in the middle of scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (8)
1. the test method for large and complex structure experimental study, it is characterised in that: the method mainly include with
Lower step:
Step 1, be readily able to according to institute's research structure self mechanics feature the part of mathematical modeling as numerical value minor structure,
Remainder is as physics minor structure, and carries out required according to parameters such as element type, material therefor, scantlings
The component of physics sub-structural test or the hysteretic characteristic of parts are estimated, according to hysteretic characteristic similarity degree to physics
Component or the parts of structural test are classified；
Step 2, according to basic mechanical principle or set up overall structure suitable mathematical model analysis obtain all kinds of physics knot
In structure test specimen, stress and maximum that of deformation, be chosen to be the component carrying out laboratory test；
Step 3, for different types of physics minor structure test specimen loading characteristic, set up and can be used for online estimating not in real time
The numerical prediction algorithm of the physics minor structure test specimen constitutive model carrying out testing (such as conventional forward, regressive interpolation method),
To obtain each different physics minor structures according to the calculating displacement of numerical value sub-structure model to react on the boundary of numerical value minor structure
Face power；
Step 4, combine physics minor structure constitutive model method of estimation characteristic set up compensate loading equipemtn, sensor and
The control method of actual experimental test specimen dynamic trait impact；
Suitable hardware and software is chosen in step 5, requirement according to sensor, loading equipemtn and algorithm computational efficiency
Equipment, it is achieved above-mentioned test.
A kind of test method for large and complex structure experimental study the most according to claim 1, its feature exists
In:
Described step 1, particularly as follows: object of study is carried out preliminary mechanical analysis by (1), determines which part is prone to set up
Mathematical model, which part is difficult to set up mathematical model；(2) it is readily able to founding mathematical models part and sets up math equation
Its characteristic is described；(3) part being difficult to set up mathematical model is defined as physics minor structure, then according to component or portion
Physics minor structure is classified by the factors such as part kind, material, cross section or length dimension.
A kind of test method for large and complex structure experimental study the most according to claim 1, its feature exists
In:
Described step 2 particularly as follows: the structure of required research is carried out preliminary mechanical analysis, from step 1 classify gained
Every class physics minor structure determine stress and deforms maximum one, being chosen to be test test specimen and carry out laboratory physical test；
If simple mechanical analysis cannot determine that in every class physics minor structure test specimen, which component or parts stress are maximum with deformation,
Then need to simplify FEM (finite element) model by foundation and carry out Primary Numerical prediction, to determine most suitable physical test test specimen.
A kind of test method for large and complex structure experimental study the most according to claim 1, its feature exists
In:
Described step 3 is particularly as follows: according to physical test test specimen induction and conclusion dissimilar physics selected in step 2
The mechanics feature of structure, sets up physics minor structure constitutive model searching algorithm, uses this searching method from laboratory physics
Specimen test response obtains the response of untested test specimen, by calculating this position displacement, test curve obtained is looked for
To corresponding interfacial force and put on numerical value minor structure correspondence position.
A kind of test method for large and complex structure experimental study the most according to claim 1, its feature exists
In:
Described step 4 is particularly as follows: consider in loading equipemtn, numerical integration algorithm, physics minor structure and step 3
The impact of the factors such as searching algorithm, sets up the inverse compensating control method of online feedforward.
A kind of test method for large and complex structure experimental study the most according to claim 1, its feature exists
In:
Described step 5 is particularly as follows: consider physics minor structure scale selection bag according to the research contents determined in step 1-4
Include transducer range, loading equipemtn kind, and carry out software according to needed for the consideration of numerical value minor structure form complexity
The program analyzed, it is achieved test.
7. the pilot system for large and complex structure experimental study, it is characterised in that: equipped with antivibrator or support
Tall Structures pilot system, in order to control the dynamic respond of high-level structure, configure antivibrator the most in the structure
Or support, therefore this pilot system is mainly made up of beam, post and antivibrator or support；Usually fixed end link between beam column,
Antivibrator or be supported for single load bearing rod member, in order to ensure that its mechanical property gives full play to, and generally uses hinge between beam column
The form that connects connects；Consequently, it is possible to the structural system mechanical property of beam column composition is clearer, compared to supporting or damping
Device is easier to founding mathematical models；Therefore, will support or antivibrator will be as physics minor structure, the structure of beam column composition
System is as numerical value minor structure.
A kind of pilot system for large and complex structure experimental study the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that:
System to be embodied as step as follows,
(1) numerical model is set up, and physics minor structure is chosen；Set up in addition to antivibrator and support by software in a computer
Structural model；Physical model should choose antivibrator or support in a structure, and this antivibrator or support are chosen should have generation
Table, and not should be an example, if structure has various ways or the antivibrator of size or supports, need to choose as physics respectively
Minor structure accounts for；Four layers of framework, due to antivibrator kind and equivalently-sized, therefore chooses one layer of antivibrator as physics
Minor structure calculates；
(2) modeling analysis selects the physics minor structure of stress displacement maximum；Owing to only carrying out the test of a physics minor structure,
And antivibrator or support self similar mechanical, therefore by testing single antivibrator or can support and speculate remaining damping
Device response in the structure, calculates containing the relative storey displacement value of floor at antivibrator or support, bent according to experiment gained hysteresis
Line, finds the power of correspondence, and is added on structure；If but the antivibrator stress chosen is less, then other damper force displacements
Cannot be included, therefore need the antivibrator selecting stress maximum as physics minor structure, stress and deformation are maximum herein
For ground floor correspondence antivibrator, be chosen as physics test specimen；
(3) numerical analysis algorithm is set up；On the basis of existing physics sub-structural test result, corresponding number need to be set up
Value parser, for contacting different constitutive relations between each antivibrator, is unified and bent by experiment gained hysteresis
Point on line represents stressing conditions；
(4) dynamic trait control method；No matter actuator or vibration table, self power characteristic is complicated, real-time power
Feedback loop festival-gathering fault in enlargement in structural test, it is therefore desirable to consider that control algolithm balance reduces error；
(5) experiment software and hardware combining realizes；Whole test realizes mainly including that numerical model solves, data are transmitted, controlling
The aspect such as device and testing equipment；Choose corresponding interface and test hardware and numerical value minor structure solves, controller operation etc. is soft
Part is attached, and it is to be realized by SIMULINK software that numerical value minor structure solves with controller, and this may select and grinds China PCI
Board or DSpace system realize the compatible connection of software and hardware, successfully realize.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN107907283A (en) * | 2017-12-02 | 2018-04-13 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of shake table sub-structural test method based on tri-consult volume control AMD |
| CN109542067A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-03-29 | 天津大学 | Multivariable structural test real-time control system and method based on shared drive |
| CN110045632A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-07-23 | 浙江大学 | A kind of submerged floating tunnel fluid-wall interaction hybrid analog-digital simulation test method and device |
| CN111859659A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-10-30 | 北京工业大学 | Two-stage dynamic substructure test method for large-scale complex structure test research |
| CN113011073A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-06-22 | 清华大学 | One-dimensional complex hysteresis relation construction and structure simulation method based on deep learning |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107907283A (en) * | 2017-12-02 | 2018-04-13 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of shake table sub-structural test method based on tri-consult volume control AMD |
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| CN113011073A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-06-22 | 清华大学 | One-dimensional complex hysteresis relation construction and structure simulation method based on deep learning |
| CN113011073B (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2022-04-29 | 清华大学 | One-dimensional complex hysteresis relation construction and structure simulation method based on deep learning |
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