CN106017720B - Temperature measuring equipment and its temp measuring method based on the detection of ferromagnetic material magnetic conduction capacity variation - Google Patents
Temperature measuring equipment and its temp measuring method based on the detection of ferromagnetic material magnetic conduction capacity variation Download PDFInfo
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- CN106017720B CN106017720B CN201610598705.7A CN201610598705A CN106017720B CN 106017720 B CN106017720 B CN 106017720B CN 201610598705 A CN201610598705 A CN 201610598705A CN 106017720 B CN106017720 B CN 106017720B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/36—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using magnetic elements, e.g. magnets, coils
- G01K7/38—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using magnetic elements, e.g. magnets, coils the variations of temperature influencing the magnetic permeability
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of temperature measuring equipments and its temp measuring method based on the detection of ferromagnetic material magnetic conduction capacity variation, it is contacted between coil and iron core by electromagnetic coupling foundation, the permeance information of iron core is obtained according to the voltage and current information indirect of coil, using the feature of ferromagnetic material magnetic conduction capacity variation under different temperatures, by identifying that the variation of these features carries out the measurement of temperature.The measurement of contact and non-contact temperature may be implemented in the present invention, realizes the accurate reliable measurements of temperature, avoid using conventional temperature probe with to can not directly be contacted between thermometric object and the temperature damping as caused by isolated material etc. and measurement error.This temp measuring method provides a kind of novel thermometry, can be applied not only in industry, also can be applied to people's livelihood field, such as the therm-param method of electric cooker, electromagnetic oven heating electrical appliance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to temperature sensing field of measuring technique, and in particular to one kind is examined based on ferromagnetic material magnetic conduction capacity variation
The temperature measuring equipment and its temp measuring method of survey.
Background technique
Temperature is all needed as a very important index parameter in many fields such as industry, medical treatment, military and lives
It uses temperature measuring equipment and carrys out monitoring temperature, the measurement monitoring of temperature has become all trades and professions and kept the safety in production and reduced loss
One of important measures taken.In industry manufacture, many processing links need to carry out at different temperatures, and to temperature
Precision clearly requires, and common thermometry has thermocouple thermometric, thermistor temperature detecting, semiconductor thermometric, optical fiber to survey
Temperature, infrared measurement of temperature and wireless temperature measurement technology.In traditional contact thermography mode, middle low temperature generallys use thermal resistance measurement,
Thermocouple is mainly used under high temperature measurement environment, cheap metal thermocouple is mainly used for 1300 DEG C of temperature below and measures, and 1300
DEG C or more high temperature sensor be mainly the precious metal materials such as platinum, rhodium production thermocouple and Wolfram rhenium heat electric couple.
Magnetic conduction substance is made of many microcosmic magnetic domains, in low temperature, the ferromagnetic material such as ferrite, silicon steel sheet, electrical pure iron
The magnetic domain magnetic moment of material is orderly aligned, and magnetic conductivity is higher, and with the rising of temperature, metallic atom warm-up movement aggravation makes magnetic domain magnetic moment
Arrangement gradually becomes unordered, and magnetic conductivity reduces, when temperature continues to rise near Curie temperature, due under high temperature atom it is violent
Movement, the fall into disarray of magnetic domain magnetic moment is unordered, is integrally rendered as losing magnetism.For amorphous alloy, in temperature change mistake
Complicated magnetic characteristic variation is presented in journey.
By to a variety of in " amorphous alloy J-A Modifying model " (Electric Machines and Control [J], the 7th phase in 2014, Li Chao)
The experimental study of ferromagnetic material, it was demonstrated that magnetic conductivity can vary with temperature, can be by ferromagnetic material point with the difference of its temperature characterisitic
For two classes: 1. silicon steel sheet, permalloy, electrical pure iron and ferrite etc.；2. nano-crystalline and amorphous alloy.With silicon steel sheet and amorphous
For alloy, the temperature characteristics of maximum permeability is as shown in Figure 1, the wherein maximum of electrical pure iron 102, silicon steel sheet 103
Magnetic conductivity reduces with the rising of temperature, and when reaching near Curie temperature, magnetic conductivity is quickly decreased up to close to zero.Rather than
The temperature characterisitic of the maximum permeability of peritectic alloy 101 is more complex, and with the rising of temperature, amorphous alloy magnetic conductivity increases, and rises
Magnetic conductivity reaches maximum value after to certain temperature, and defining this temperature is Tb, continues to rise with temperature, and magnetic conductivity reduces, and arrives
When near up to Curie temperature Tc, magnetic conductivity sharply declines, until close to zero.
In " amendment of J-A model error and temperature characterisitic emulation " (electrotechnics journal [J], the 9th phase in 2014, Lee is superfine)
There is grain-oriented Si steel sheet (model Z110) to carry out experimental verification using the cold rolling that Nippon Steel produces, silicon steel sheet closes with a thickness of 0.23mm
Magnet ring inside radius 40mm, outer radius 70mm, width 40mm is closed to obtain by the BH actual measurement to silicon steel sheet magnet ring with temperature
The limit hysteresis loop of variation is spent as shown in Fig. 2, discovery is with the rising of temperature, and saturation magnetization reduces, coercivity reduces, surplus
Magnetic reduces, coercive force/remanent magnetism point slope increases.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of temperature measuring equipment and its temp measuring method based on the detection of ferromagnetic material magnetic conduction capacity variation, benefits
With the feature of ferromagnetic material magnetic conduction capacity variation under different temperatures, by identifying that the variation of these features carries out the measurement of temperature,
Suitable permeability magnetic material and thermometric range are selected, so that the magnetic conductivity of permeability magnetic material has in this thermometric range section with temperature
The feature spent and unidirectionally changed is increased or reduced as the variation magnetic conductivity progress of temperature is unidirectional, the present invention utilizes this
Feature, by establishing the data relationship of both temperature and magnetic conduction ability and carrying out quantization calibration, then according to the change of magnetic conduction ability
Change feature and obtain temperature data indirectly, realizes temperature measurement.
The composition of temperature measuring equipment includes temperature measurement system, DC power system, AC power supply system, direct current winding wire
Circle, exchange winding coil and the iron core with closed magnetic loop, wherein DC power system is connect with direct current winding coil, is handed over
Stream power-supply system is connect with exchange winding coil, and direct current winding coil, exchange winding coil are wrapped in the outside of iron core, direct current
Source system, AC power supply system and temperature measurement system connect.
Temp measuring method the following steps are included:
Step 1: temperature measuring equipment is in close contact with to thermometric body surface；
Step 2: DC power system is connect with direct current winding coil, AC power supply system connects with winding coil is exchanged
It connects；
Step 3: temperature measurement system controls DC power system, the voltage of AC power supply system output, electric current and obtains
The real-time sampling data of voltage and current；
Step 4: real-time sampling data of the temperature measurement system according to voltage and current, identifies the variation of iron core magnetic conduction ability,
Current iron core temperature is calculated in real time.
Identify the variation of iron core magnetic conduction ability by calculating the degree of asymmetry of BH curve, measuring magnetic bias direct current IdcAnd exchange
Voltage UacVariation realize.
According to the spatial position of winding coil and iron core, temp measuring method particularly may be divided into contact type measurement and contactless survey
Amount.
Winding coil is directly wound on iron core in contact type measurement, and the local iron core wound to thermometric object and coil is tight
Contiguity touching, or by iron core with after the close contact of thermometric object, coil winding is in iron core and the outside to thermometric object, contact
The part of iron core or temperature measuring equipment are whole with to the close contact of thermometric body surface in measurement, bear together between winding and iron core
Temperature to thermometric object.
By iron core with after the close contact of thermometric object in non-contact measurement, coil is wrapped in iron core and to thermometric object
Outside, iron core bears temperature to thermometric object, iron core and to pass through between thermometric object and winding coil filler into
Row adequately electricity, heat insulation and isolation, wherein winding is not directly contacted with to thermometric object.Or by coil by sufficient
It being wrapped on iron core after electricity, heat insulation and isolation, the local iron core to thermometric object and coil winding is in close contact, around
Group does not bear the temperature to thermometric object together with iron core.
By calculating the measurement of asymmetry temperature of BH curve, specific step is as follows:
Step 1: to the alternating voltage U at exchange winding coil both endsacWith the exciting current I flowed throughexcCarry out high-speed figure
The voltage and current of fluctuation is converted to the sample data sequence for characterizing its change procedure by sampling, is carried out to voltage data sequence
The B_one_wave sequence obtained after Integral Processing, as the variation of magnetic induction density B, current data is as H_one_
Wave sequence shows the variation of magnetic field strength H, and respectively with B, H for longitudinal and transverse reference axis, point-by-point mapping reconstructs BH curve.
Step 2: find out respectively B, H axis direction of BH curve maximum value minimum and new central point, with new
Central point is that construct new reference frame for BH curve segmentation be four quadrants to origin, is then found out in new coordinate system respectively
Characterization BH curvilinear characteristic is calculated in the rectangular area that extreme point and reference axis are formed in two first quartile, third quadrants
BH curve asymmetric degree k_asy.
Step 3: according to calculated BH curve asymmetric degree k_asy, by searching for BH degree of asymmetry-temperature is compared
Relation curve can be obtained the temperature of current iron core.
By measuring magnetic bias direct current IdcRealize that specific step is as follows for temperature measurement:
Alternating voltage U in AC power supply systemacIt is fixed, the voltage U of regulated dc power systemdc, change direct current winding
Magnetic bias direct current I in coildcSize is to the unilateral saturated after allowing iron core to progress into bias, with D.C. magnetic biasing
The increase of field, the hysteresis loop of iron core progress into unilateral zone of saturation winding, exchange the exciting current I in winding coilexc?
It is gradually increased, by adjusting magnetic bias direct current IdcSize, the exciting current I in direct current winding coilexcIt will change correspondingly, constantly
Increase magnetic bias direct current Idc, until exciting current IexcPeak value reach some setting value, at this time stop adjustment magnetic bias direct current Idc, by
The magnetic conduction ability of iron core has differences under different temperatures, according to DC magnetic bias current I at this timedcSize passes through magnetic bias direct current-
The relation curve of temperature can be obtained the temperature data of current iron core.
By measuring alternating voltage UacRealize that specific step is as follows for temperature measurement:
DC power system controls the magnetic bias direct current I in direct current winding coildcIt immobilizes, to keep straight in iron core
Stream bias is constant, passes through the alternating voltage U changed in AC power supply systemac, the unilateral side after allowing iron core to enter bias is saturated work
State, with exchange winding coil both ends alternating voltage UacChange, exchange winding coil in exciting current IexcAlso can occur
Change, by adjusting alternating voltage UacSize, until exchange winding coil in exciting current IexcPeak value reach some and set
Definite value stops adjustment alternating voltage U at this timeac, since the magnetic conduction ability of iron core under different temperatures has differences, pass through alternating current
Pressure-temperature relation curve can be obtained the temperature data of current iron core.
By measuring magnetic bias direct current Idc, alternating voltage UacRealize that specific step is as follows for temperature measurement:
By constantly adjusting magnetic bias direct current IdcOr alternating voltage Uac, change the degree of asymmetry of BH curve, until degree of asymmetry
Stablize the target value in some setting, then uses magnetic bias direct current-temperature, alternating voltage-temperature relation curve, pass through
Search the temperature for comparing and obtaining current iron core.
Beneficial effect
The measurement of contact and non-contact temperature may be implemented in the present invention, provides a kind of based on ferromagnetic material magnetic conduction energy
The temperature measuring equipment and its temp measuring method of power variation detection, are realized the accurate reliable measurements of temperature, avoid and visited using conventional temperature
The temperature damping of head and measurement error.Using double winding coil design, avoids iron core and enter encouraging of occurring when depth saturation region
Magnetic shoves, and reduces the requirement to working power capacity, realizes miniaturization, the lightweight of testing equipment.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the maximum permeability of iron core varies with temperature relational graph.
Fig. 2 is the hysteresis loop of iron core at different temperatures.
Fig. 3 is temperature measuring equipment principle schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is alternating voltage and exciting current relational graph in coil.
Fig. 5 is the iron core BH curve reconstructed under different temperatures.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram calculation of BH curve asymmetric degree.
Fig. 7 is BH curve asymmetric degree-temperature curve.
Fig. 8 is DC magnetic bias current-temperature curve in coil.
Fig. 9 is alternating voltage-temperature curve in coil.
Figure 10 is contactless temperature-measuring schematic illustration.
Specific embodiment
It can be seen that the operation interval by reasonably selecting thermometric range according to the curve in Fig. 1, so that magnetic conductivity exists
There is the feature unidirectionally changed with temperature, i.e., as the variation magnetic conductivity of temperature carries out unidirectionally in this thermometric range operation interval
Increase or reduce, the present invention utilize this feature, by the data relationship and the amount of progress of establishing both temperature and magnetic conduction ability
Change calibration, to realize the temperature for obtaining iron core indirectly by the variation identification of magnetic conduction ability, realizes temperature measurement.
It is explained as follows with the common silicon steel sheet for increasing magnetic conductivity reduction with temperature to carry out the specific implementation of the principle of the invention
It states, also can according to need the permeability magnetic material of selection different temperatures characteristic in practical application, include in the implementation of this temperature-measurement principle
But it is not limited to increase the permeability magnetic material that magnetic conductivity reduces and increases magnetic conductivity increase with temperature with temperature.
Shown in composed structure Fig. 3 of temperature measuring equipment, including temperature measurement system 307, DC power system 304, alternating current
Source system 305, direct current winding coil 301, exchange winding coil 302 and one form the iron core 303 of closed magnetic loop, each
Winding independent current source matched with one is connect, DC power system 304, AC power supply system 305 and temperature measurement system
307 connections.The part of iron core 303 or temperature measuring equipment entirety can be in close contact with to thermometric body surface 306.DC power supply system
System 304 is connect with direct current winding coil 301, in DC voltage UdcUnder the action of, pass through a certain numerical value in direct current winding coil 301
Magnetic bias direct current electric current Idc, to form D.C. magnetic biasing in iron core, AC power supply system 305 connects with winding coil 302 is exchanged
It connects, in alternating voltage UacUnder the action of, it exchanges in winding coil 302 and flows through exciting current Iexc。
Temperature measurement system 307, DC power system 304, AC power supply system 305 in practical applications both can be such as figures
Separate module shown in 3 is realized, can also concentrate in one or more modules realizing.
The voltage that control DC power system 304, AC power supply system 305 export as needed of temperature measurement system 307,
Electric current and the real-time sampling data for obtaining voltage and current, temperature measurement system 307 be responsible for coordinate DC power system 304 with exchange
The division of labor cooperation of voltage and current, temperature measurement system 307 are real according to the real-time sampling data of voltage and current between power-supply system 305
When calculate current iron core temperature.
The iron core 303 for forming closed magnetic loop can be using the rewinding material mode of annular CT iron core or the folded iron of transformer
Heart mode, wherein rewinding material uses continuous roll-forming, and centre is not present air gap, and laminated core is then in lap-joint there are air gap,
With the variation of temperature, the size of air gap can change, and permeance can also change correspondingly, and influence temperature measurement accuracy.
The magnetic conductivity and temperature curve of the silicon steel sheet used in the temperature measuring equipment iron core 303 are as shown in figure 1 shown in 103 curves
When, the magnetic conductivity variation hysteresis loop under different temperatures due to iron core can also occur to change accordingly, it is specific as shown in Fig. 2, its
In 201,202,203 corresponding temperature successively from low to high, it can be seen that with the raising of iron core temperature, the saturation of hysteresis loop
Point and remanent magnetism reduce, while the area of the surrounded formation of hysteresis loop is also reducing.
As the temperature rises, the insulation performance of insulating materials drastically reduces, in order to avoid high temperature is to winding insulation performance
Influence the contact type measurement and non-contact measurement of temperature particularly may be divided into according to the spatial position of winding and iron core, wherein
Contact type measurement is specific as shown in figure 3, coil is directly wound on iron core, the local iron to thermometric object 306 and coil winding
The heart is in close contact, in addition in some applications, can also be by iron core 303 and after the close contact of thermometric object 306, coil winding
Iron core with to the mode on the outside of thermometric object, in contact type measurement the part of iron core 303 or temperature measuring equipment it is whole with to thermometric
306 intimate surface contact of object bears the temperature to thermometric object together between winding and iron core.
In the application of certain high temperature measurements, influence in order to avoid high temperature to winding insulation performance can be using such as Figure 10
Shown in non-contact measurement mode, form the iron core of closed magnetic loop and partly or wholly and to thermometric object be in close contact, line
Circle is wrapped in iron core and outside to thermometric object, and iron core bears the temperature to thermometric object, iron core and to thermometric object with
Sufficient electricity, heat insulation and isolation are carried out by filler 1001 between coil, wherein winding coil with to thermometric object
It is not directly contacted with.In addition in some applications, coil can also be wound on iron after adequately electricity, heat insulation and isolation
In the heart, the local iron core to thermometric object 306 and coil winding is in close contact, and winding is not born together with iron core to thermometric object
The temperature of body.In non-contact measurement mode as shown in Figure 10, contacted between coil and iron core by electromagnetic coupling foundation,
The permeance information of iron core is obtained according to the voltage and current information indirect of coil, to obtain the temperature data of object, is realized
The non-cpntact measurement of temperature is avoided and is popped one's head in using conventional temperature and to thermometric since iron core is directly contacted with to thermometric object
It can not directly be contacted between object and the temperature damping as caused by isolated material etc. and measurement error.In certain high temperature measurements
In, coil windings can also be cooled down using air-cooled, water cooling or other types of cooling to be avoided under coil windings high temperature
Insulation performance reduces, to realize the accurate temperature measurement for treating the non-direct contact mode of thermometric object.
Iron core 303 in contact and contactless temperature-measuring application, according to the shape to thermometric object, in temperature measuring equipment
Can be partly or wholly in close contact with to thermometric body surface 306, can also will include coil temperature measuring equipment it is whole with
It is in close contact to thermometric body surface 306.
When there are magnetic bias direct current electric current I in direct current winding coil 301dcWhen, in DC bias field and AC excitation voltage
Under effect, the bias feature for entering unilateral zone of saturation is presented in the BH curve of iron core 303, at this point, in 302 liang of winding coil of exchange
The voltage U at endacThe hysteresis loop of lower iron core is acted on as shown in 401 curves in Fig. 4, exchanges the voltage at 302 both ends of winding coil
UacWith exchange exciting current I in winding coil 302excRelationship as shown in 402,403 curves in Fig. 4, exchange winding coil
302 its both ends alternating voltage UacUnder the action of, exchange the exciting current I in winding coil 302excDue to the unilateral side of iron core
It is saturated and the apparent excitation surge current feature as shown in 403 in Fig. 4 is presented, alternating voltage UacWaveform as shown in 402 in Fig. 4.
It is exchanged in winding coil 302 when entering depth saturation region in order to avoid iron core and biggish excitation surge current occurs, thus
Reduce requirement to experiment power supply capacity, realize the lightweight of testing equipment, need direct current winding coil 301 with exchange winding wire
It cooperates between circle 302, so that iron core be avoided to enter depth zone of saturation, the permeance of iron core 303 can be by as follows
Four kinds of modes are quantified to obtain the temperature of iron core indirectly.
(the magnetic bias direct current I of embodiment onedcIt is fixed, test voltage UacIt is fixed):
By to voltage U in DC power system 304dcControl, allow in direct current winding coil 301 the direct current I flowed throughdc
It is fixed on a certain setting numerical value, to form fixed DC bias field to iron core, to being applied in AC power supply system 305
Exchange the voltage U at 302 both ends of winding coilacWith the exciting current I flowed throughexcAfter carrying out digital sample, reconstructed by software algorithm
The equivalent BH curve of iron core as shown in Figure 5 out, from fig. 5, it can be seen that identical voltage UacUnder, due to the presence of D.C. magnetic biasing,
BH curve is no longer symmetrical and amesiality, and it is special that the variation in different temperatures due to magnetic conductivity reconstructs the BH curve shape come
Sign has differences.Wherein 501,502,503 corresponding temperature are successively from low to high, it can be seen that with the raising of iron core temperature,
The shape of hysteresis loop is changed.
In order to quantify the above-mentioned feature for carrying out BH curve that reconstructs to be compared, not using BH curve as shown in FIG. 6
The Computing Principle of symmetry comes out the asymmetry measurement of the corresponding BH curve under different temperatures, BH curve asymmetric degree
Specific calculating step are as follows:
To the alternating voltage U at exchange 302 both ends of winding coilacWith the exciting current I flowed throughexcHigh speed digital sample is carried out,
The voltage and current of fluctuation is converted to the sample data sequence for characterizing its change procedure, according to the sample rate of data and power supply
Frequency intercepts the voltage and current sample data sequence of the previous complete cycle at this moment, as AC power source UacFrequency be
When 50HZ, that is, the sample data sequence of 20ms, the B_one_wave obtained after Integral Processing is carried out to voltage data sequence
Sequence, as the variation of magnetic induction density B, current data shows the variation of magnetic field strength H as H_one_wave sequence,
On two-dimensional surface, using H_one_wave sequence as the coordinate data of the magnetic field strength H axis of horizontal direction, B_one_wave sequence
The coordinate data for arranging the magnetic induction density B axis as vertical direction, constructs BH shown in fig. 6 using above-mentioned two groups of data sequences
Curve.Max function can find out the maximum value in specified data sequence, and min function can be found out in specified data sequence most
Small value finds out the maximum value minimum of B, H axis direction of this cycle BH curve using max, min respectively, and specific procedure processing is such as
Under:
The elliptical H axis direction maximum point H_max=max (H_one_wave) of BH curve；
The elliptical H axis direction minimum point H_min=min (H_one_wave) of BH curve；
The elliptical B axle direction maximum point B_max=max (B_one_wave) of BH curve；
The elliptical B axle direction minimum point B_min=min (B_one_wave) of BH curve；
Based on above-mentioned data, in Fig. 6 the coordinate of A, C two o'clock of BH curve be respectively A (H_max, B_max), C (H_min,
B_min), due to alternating voltage UacIt is AC mode, according to the centre-symmetric properties of alternating current, the axis side BH curve H that reconstructs
It is always " 0 " to equivalent center, i.e. X0=0 in D point coordinate, and B axle direction center Y0=(YB_max+B_min)/2, therefore
D point coordinate is D(0, (B_max+B_min)/2), new reference frame is constructed as origin using D point, horizontal axis, the longitudinal axis will
BH curve segmentation is four quadrants, specific as shown in Figure 6.Then A, C two o'clock are found out in new coordinate system respectively in first, third two
The first rectangular area S1, third rectangular area S3, the first rectangular area S1, third rectangle are formed by with reference axis in a quadrant
Area S3 concrete composition calculates the degree of asymmetry k_asy of this BH curve as shown in the dash area in Fig. 6 accordingly, calculates step
It is rapid as follows:
S1 = | H_max * (B_max –(B_max + B_min) / 2) |；
S3 = | H_min * (B_min –(B_max + B_min) / 2) |；
k_asy=|S1 - S3| / ( S1 + S3 )；
It is not right using the temperature and BH demarcated in advance as shown in Figure 7 according to the degree of asymmetry k_asy of above-mentioned BH curve
The relation curve 701 of title degree, by searching for the temperature that can be obtained current iron core is compared.
(the magnetic bias direct current I of embodiment twodcVariation, alternating voltage UacIt is fixed):
Alternating voltage U in AC power supply system 305acIt is fixed, the voltage U of regulated dc power system 304dc, change straight
Flow the magnetic bias direct current I in winding coil 301dcSize to the unilateral saturated after allowing iron core to progress into bias, with
The increase of DC bias field, iron core hysteresis loop progress into unilateral zone of saturation winding, exchange encouraging in winding coil 302
Magnetoelectricity stream IexcAlso it is gradually increased, by adjusting magnetic bias direct current IdcSize, exchange winding coil 302 in exciting current IexcIt will
It changes correspondingly, specifically as shown in 403 in Fig. 4, constantly increases magnetic bias direct current Idc, until exciting current IexcPeak value reach certain
A setting value stops adjustment magnetic bias direct current I at this timedc, since the magnetic conduction ability of iron core under different temperatures has differences, according at this time
DC magnetic bias current IdcSize can be obtained current iron by the relation curve 801 of magnetic bias direct current and temperature as shown in Figure 8
The temperature data of the heart.
In addition, the degree of saturation of iron core can also change, by constantly adjusting magnetic bias direct current due to the variation with temperature
Idc, BH curve asymmetric degree can also change therewith, until the stable target value in some setting of degree of asymmetry, then uses
The relation curve of the temperature as shown in Figure 8 and magnetic bias direct current Idc demarcated in advance, can be obtained current iron core by searching for comparison
Temperature.
(the magnetic bias direct current I of embodiment threedcIt is fixed, alternating voltage UacVariation):
DC power system 304 controls the magnetic bias direct current I in direct current winding coil 301dcIt immobilizes, to keep iron core
In D.C. magnetic biasing it is constant, pass through change AC power supply system 305 in alternating voltage Uac, unilateral side after allowing iron core to enter bias
Saturated, with exchange 302 both ends alternating voltage U of winding coilacChange, exchange winding coil 302 in excitation
Electric current IexcAlso it can change, by adjusting alternating voltage UacSize, until exchange winding coil 302 in exciting current
IexcPeak value reach some setting value, at this time stop adjustment alternating voltage Uac, since the magnetic conduction ability of iron core under different temperatures is deposited
In difference, the temperature data of current iron core can be obtained by the relation curve 901 of alternating voltage and temperature as shown in Figure 9.
In addition, the degree of saturation of iron core can also change, by constantly adjusting alternating voltage due to the variation with temperature
Uac, BH curve asymmetric degree can also change therewith, until the stable target value in some setting of degree of asymmetry, uses at this time
The temperature as shown in Figure 9 and alternating voltage U demarcated in advanceacRelation curve 901, can be obtained current iron by searching for comparison
The temperature of the heart.
(the magnetic bias direct current I of embodiment fourdcVariation, alternating voltage UacVariation):
In summary the working principle of three kinds of embodiments, in order to avoid due to iron core enters depth saturation region when lead to BH
The variation of curve asymmetric degree is unobvious and the caused excitation surge current of depth saturation is excessive, in conjunction with embodiment two and embodiment party
Different magnetic bias direct current I can be used in the characteristics of case three during thermometricdcAnd different alternating voltage Uac, pass through the two
Dynamic combined realizes the measurement of temperature.
In order to improve the measurement accuracy of temperature, alternating voltage Uac, magnetic bias direct current IdcIt can be by way of the section of by stages come real
The Measurement Resolution in existing different temperatures section, i.e. curve in Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 9 can demarcate multiple groups, and forming curves cluster is being surveyed
It is can according to need when amount automatically according to needs, is realized from thick to thin, by obscuring accurate temperature approaches measurement.Specifically:
At measurement initial stage, a curve that can cover entire thermometric section is selected to measure first in set of curves, then basis
The rough initial value reselection of the temperature of acquisition its correspond to segment calibration curve carry out double measurement, thus realize temperature compared with
High resolution measurement.
Different magnetic bias direct current IdcAnd alternating voltage UacCorresponding BH curve asymmetric degree-temperature curve cluster, alternating voltage-
Temperature curve cluster, magnetic bias direct current-temperature curve cluster can according to need in actual temperature measurement and selects one from set of curves
Using to improve the temperature resolving accuracy in different temperatures section.
Above-mentioned is four kinds of embodiments, in a particular application, in order to improve the accuracy of thermometric, avoids the initial remanent magnetism of iron core
Overlaying influence, need to carry out automatic demagnetization processing to iron core before thermometric, direct current or AC demagnetization method specifically can be used.
The coordinated of magnetic bias direct current and alternating voltage enters the depth of saturation region when can control iron core saturation, thus
The size for controlling exciting current is avoided since excitation surge current caused by depth saturation is excessive, is reduced to working power
Capacity requirement, to realize the miniaturization of temperature measuring equipment, lightweight.
Each curve during above-mentioned thermometric can be obtained by way of calibration, specific calibration process are as follows: for a certain
The iron core of a material constantly changes the temperature of iron core, using thermometer real-time measurement and records the temperature of iron core, while according to upper
The degree of asymmetry that the concrete scheme in embodiment records DC magnetic bias current, AC excitation electric current and BH curve in real time is stated,
Then it can be obtained according to the degree of asymmetry mapping of the temperature of actual measurement and DC magnetic bias current, AC excitation voltage, BH curve
Such as Fig. 7, Fig. 8, temperature curve shown in Fig. 9.Before each calibration, the demagnetization processing an of iron core need to be carried out, to read
Several is accurate and reliable.For the similar-type products of batch production, measured sample mode can be taken to obtain the data of this batch of product
Curve.
It carries out can be obtained its set of curves after repeatedly demarcating for the combination of above-mentioned multiple groups variable.
The permeability magnetic material that iron core in the embodiment above can not only use magnetic characteristic reduced with the variation of temperature,
The permeability magnetic material that can also be increased using magnetic characteristic with the variation of temperature, specific implementation can refer to the embodiment above,
The variation tendency of partial trace is specific as shown in the curve 702,802,902 in Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 9, general due to temperature-measurement principle
Property, specific implementation process not reinflated description herein.
Above-mentioned ac power frequency not only can be power frequency 50HZ, also can according to need selection and use other frequencies.
This temp measuring method can be applied not only in industry, also can be applied to people's livelihood field, such as electric cooker, electromagnetic oven
The therm-param method of heating electrical appliance.
The attached drawing of this specification is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and is constituted part of this application, the present invention
Illustrative embodiments and their description be used to explain the present invention, do not constitute improper limitations of the present invention.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied, done within the spirit and principles of the present invention any to repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of temperature measuring equipment based on the detection of ferromagnetic material magnetic conduction capacity variation, which is characterized in that the composition packet of temperature measuring equipment
Temperature measurement system is included, DC power system, AC power supply system, direct current winding coil, winding coil is exchanged and has and close
Close magnetic loop iron core, wherein DC power system is connect with direct current winding coil, AC power supply system with exchange winding coil
Connection, direct current winding coil, exchange winding coil are wrapped in the outside of iron core, DC power system, AC power supply system and temperature
Spend measuring system connection；By DC current in direct current winding coil, D.C. magnetic biasing is formed in iron core, is exchanged in winding coil
Flow through exciting current；Temperature measurement system controls voltage, the electricity of DC power system, AC power supply system output as needed
Stream coordinates the division of labor cooperation of voltage and current between DC power system and AC power supply system.
2. it is a kind of based on ferromagnetic material magnetic conduction capacity variation detection temperature measuring equipment temp measuring method the following steps are included:
Step 1: temperature measuring equipment is in close contact with to thermometric body surface；
Step 2: DC power system is connect with direct current winding coil, AC power supply system is connect with exchange winding coil；
Step 3: temperature measurement system controls DC power system, the voltage of AC power supply system output, electric current and obtains voltage
The real-time sampling data of electric current；
Step 4: real-time sampling data of the temperature measurement system according to voltage and current, identifies the variation of iron core magnetic conduction ability, passes through
It establishes the data relationship of both temperature and magnetic conduction ability and carries out quantization calibration, then the variation characteristic according to magnetic conduction ability is indirect
Temperature data is obtained, realizes temperature measurement.
3. the temp measuring method of the temperature measuring equipment as claimed in claim 2 based on the detection of ferromagnetic material magnetic conduction capacity variation, special
Sign is that the variation of identification iron core magnetic conduction ability is by calculating the degree of asymmetry of BH curve, measuring magnetic bias direct current Idc, measurement exchange
Voltage UacIt realizes.
4. the temp measuring method of the temperature measuring equipment as claimed in claim 2 based on the detection of ferromagnetic material magnetic conduction capacity variation, special
Sign is, according to the spatial position of winding coil and iron core, temp measuring method particularly may be divided into contact type measurement and contactless survey
Amount.
5. the temp measuring method of the temperature measuring equipment as claimed in claim 4 based on the detection of ferromagnetic material magnetic conduction capacity variation, special
Sign is that winding coil is directly wound on iron core in contact type measurement, and the local iron core wound to thermometric object and coil is tight
Contiguity touching, or by iron core with after the close contact of thermometric object, coil winding is in iron core and the outside to thermometric object, contact
The part of iron core or temperature measuring equipment are whole with to the close contact of thermometric body surface in measurement, bear together between winding and iron core
Temperature to thermometric object.
6. the temp measuring method of the temperature measuring equipment as claimed in claim 4 based on the detection of ferromagnetic material magnetic conduction capacity variation, special
Sign is that, by iron core with after the close contact of thermometric object in non-contact measurement, coil is wrapped in iron core and to thermometric object
Outside, iron core bears temperature to thermometric object, iron core and to pass through between thermometric object and winding coil filler into
Row adequately electricity, heat insulation and isolation, wherein winding is not directly contacted with to thermometric object；Or by coil by sufficient
It being wrapped on iron core after electricity, heat insulation and isolation, the local iron core to thermometric object and coil winding is in close contact, around
Group does not bear the temperature to thermometric object together with iron core.
7. the temp measuring method of the temperature measuring equipment as claimed in claim 3 based on the detection of ferromagnetic material magnetic conduction capacity variation, special
Sign is that specific step is as follows by calculating the measurement of asymmetry temperature of BH curve:
Step 1: to the alternating voltage U at exchange winding coil both endsacWith the exciting current I flowed throughexcHigh speed digital sample is carried out,
The voltage and current of fluctuation is converted to the sample data sequence for characterizing its change procedure, voltage data sequence is carried out at integral
The B_one_wave sequence obtained after reason, as the variation of magnetic induction density B, current data is as H_one_wave sequence
The variation of magnetic field strength H is showed, respectively with B, H for longitudinal and transverse reference axis, point-by-point mapping reconstructs BH curve；
Step 2: find out respectively B, H axis direction of BH curve maximum value minimum and new central point, with new center
Point is that construct new reference frame for BH curve segmentation be four quadrants to origin, is then found out respectively first in new coordinate system
The BH curve of characterization BH curvilinear characteristic is calculated not in the rectangular area that extreme point and reference axis are formed in quadrant, third quadrant
Symmetry k_asy；
Step 3: according to calculated BH curve asymmetric degree k_asy, by searching for BH degree of asymmetry-temperature relationship is compared
Curve can be obtained the temperature of current iron core.
8. the temp measuring method of the temperature measuring equipment as claimed in claim 3 based on the detection of ferromagnetic material magnetic conduction capacity variation, special
Sign is, by measuring magnetic bias direct current IdcRealize that specific step is as follows for temperature measurement:
Alternating voltage U in AC power supply systemacIt is fixed, the voltage U of regulated dc power systemdc, change direct current winding coil
In magnetic bias direct current IdcSize is to the unilateral saturated after allowing iron core to progress into bias, with DC bias field
Increase, the hysteresis loop of iron core progresses into unilateral zone of saturation winding, exchanges the exciting current I in winding coilexcAlso gradually
Increase, by adjusting magnetic bias direct current IdcSize, exchange winding coil in exciting current IexcIt will change correspondingly, constantly increase
Magnetic bias direct current Idc, until exciting current IexcPeak value reach some setting value, at this time stop adjustment magnetic bias direct current Idc, due to not
The magnetic conduction ability of synthermal lower iron core has differences, according to magnetic bias direct current I at this timedcSize passes through magnetic bias direct current-temperature pass
It is the temperature data that curve can be obtained current iron core.
9. the temp measuring method of the temperature measuring equipment as claimed in claim 3 based on the detection of ferromagnetic material magnetic conduction capacity variation, special
Sign is, by measuring alternating voltage UacRealize that specific step is as follows for temperature measurement:
DC power system controls the magnetic bias direct current I in direct current winding coildcIt immobilizes, to keep the direct current in iron core inclined
Magnetic is constant, by changing the alternating voltage U in AC power supply systemac, unilateral saturated after allowing iron core to enter bias,
With exchange winding coil both ends alternating voltage UacChange, exchange winding coil in exciting current IexcAlso it can change,
By adjusting alternating voltage UacSize, until exchange winding coil in exciting current IexcPeak value reach some setting value,
Stop adjustment alternating voltage U at this timeac, since the magnetic conduction ability of iron core under different temperatures has differences, pass through alternating voltage-temperature
Relation curve can be obtained the temperature data of current iron core.
10. the temp measuring method of the temperature measuring equipment as claimed in claim 3 based on the detection of ferromagnetic material magnetic conduction capacity variation, special
Sign is, by measuring magnetic bias direct current Idc, alternating voltage UacRealize that specific step is as follows for temperature measurement:
By constantly adjusting magnetic bias direct current IdcOr alternating voltage Uac, change the degree of asymmetry of BH curve, until degree of asymmetry is stablized
In the target value of some setting, magnetic bias direct current-temperature, alternating voltage-temperature relation curve are then used, by searching for
Compare the temperature for obtaining current iron core.
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| CN106526394B (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2018-07-27 | 西南交通大学 | Iron core local temperature rise pilot system and method under short trouble between rewinding material piece |
| CN111811677A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-10-23 | 上海达铭科技有限公司 | Magnetic method for detecting contact temperature of high-voltage transmission line |
| CN113465658B (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2023-03-31 | 湖南大学 | Non-contact temperature measurement and material component detection device and method based on magnetic conductivity |
| CN113777487B (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2024-04-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Demagnetizing environment simulation device and method for predicting aging demagnetizing risk of permanent magnet motor |
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