CN106016787A - Solar system capable of controlling temperature of water entering heat accumulator - Google Patents
Solar system capable of controlling temperature of water entering heat accumulator Download PDFInfo
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- CN106016787A CN106016787A CN201610344700.1A CN201610344700A CN106016787A CN 106016787 A CN106016787 A CN 106016787A CN 201610344700 A CN201610344700 A CN 201610344700A CN 106016787 A CN106016787 A CN 106016787A
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- heat
- temperature
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- thermophore
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
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- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N11/00—Generators or motors not provided for elsewhere; Alleged perpetua mobilia obtained by electric or magnetic means
- H02N11/002—Generators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
- F24D11/002—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses water heating system
- F24D11/003—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses water heating system combined with solar energy
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
- F03G7/04—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using pressure differences or thermal differences occurring in nature
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
- F24D11/002—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses water heating system
- F24D11/004—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses water heating system with conventional supplementary heat source
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D12/00—Other central heating systems
- F24D12/02—Other central heating systems having more than one heat source
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1096—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for electric heating systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N11/00—Generators or motors not provided for elsewhere; Alleged perpetua mobilia obtained by electric or magnetic means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
- F24D2200/08—Electric heater
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
- F24D2200/14—Solar energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
Abstract
The invention provides a solar system. The system comprises a heat collector, a heat accumulator, a heat sink, a first valve and a second valve. The first valve is arranged on a water outlet pipe and used for controlling the total volume of water entering the heat accumulator and the heat sink. The second valve is arranged at the inlet pipe position of a pipeline where the heat accumulator is located and used for controlling the flow of water entering the heat accumulator. A temperature sensor is arranged on a water outlet pipe of the heat collector and used for measuring the temperature of outlet water of the heat collector. Meanwhile, the heat accumulator is provided with a temperature sensor used for measuring the temperature of a heat accumulation material. When the first valve is opened and the measured outlet water temperature is lower than the temperature of the heat accumulation material, the second valve is closed; and when the measured outlet water temperature is higher than the temperature of the heat accumulation material, the second valve is opened. According to the solar system, the situation that the heat accumulator transfers heat to water in a water pipe again and the heat in the heat accumulator is lost is avoided, and it is guaranteed that the heat accumulator can store enough heat.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of solar energy, particularly relate to a kind of solar heat-preservation device system.
Background technology
Along with the high speed development of modern social economy, the mankind are increasing to the demand of the energy.But coal, oil, natural gas
Constantly reduce Deng traditional energy storage level, the most in short supply, cause rising steadily of price, the ring that conventional fossil fuel causes simultaneously
Environment pollution problem is the most serious, these development that the most significantly limit society and the raising of human life quality.Energy problem is
Through becoming one of distinct issues of contemporary world.Thus seek the new energy, the most free of contamination clean energy resource becomes
The focus of people's research now.
Solar energy is a kind of inexhaustible clean energy resource, and stock number is huge, the sun that earth surface is received every year
Radiation can total amount be 1 × 1018KW h, for more than 10,000 times of world's year consumption gross energy.Countries in the world are the most solar energy
Utilizing important as new energy development, the Chinese government the most clearly proposes actively to develop at Report on the Work of the Government
New forms of energy, wherein the utilization of solar energy is especially in occupation of prominent position.Tellurian energy density is arrived yet with solar radiation
Little (about one kilowatt every square metre), and be again discontinuous, this brings certain difficulty to large-scale exploitation.Therefore,
In order to extensively utilize solar energy, not only to solve technical problem, and must be able to same conventional energy resource economically and compete mutually.
The solar energy that solar thermal collector absorbs may produce surplus the most in some cases, and now this part solar energy may damage
Lose, it is therefore desirable to a kind of heat to surplus makes full use of.
No matter which kind of form and the solar thermal collector of structure, will have one for the absorption piece absorbing solar radiation, thermal-arrest
The absorption of solar energy is played an important role by the structure of device.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of new solar energy collector system, thus effectively utilizes the sun
Energy.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme is as follows: a kind of solar heat-preservation system, including heat collector, accumulation of heat
Device, described heat collector connects formation closed circuit, arranges heat-storing material inside thermophore with thermophore, and described heat-storing material is pottery
Ceramic material, arranges heat-insulation layer outside thermophore, described heat-insulation layer includes vacuum thermal insulation plate.
Preferably, described vacuum thermal insulation plate includes core and high-gas resistance composite membrane, multiple with high-gas resistance by the way of evacuation
Close film cladding core, form vacuum thermal insulation plate；From the outward extending direction of thermophore outside wall surface, described core at least includes
Multilamellar inorganic fibre mat, described multilamellar inorganic fibre mat is multiple-level stack or is connected by binding agent multilamellar, and described multilamellar is inorganic
The density of the inorganic fibre mat of at least two-layer in fibrous layer or composition are different.
Preferably, heat collector includes thermal-collecting tube, reflecting mirror and collecting plate, is connected by collecting plate between two adjacent thermal-collecting tubes,
So that forming tube plate structure between multiple thermal-collecting tubes and adjacent collecting plate, described collecting plate is straight plate, and described tube plate structure is
Linear structure；Between described two pieces of tube plate structures, shape is at a certain angle, the circular arc line structure phase of described angle direction and reflecting mirror
Right, the focus of reflecting mirror is between the angle that tube plate structure is formed；The focus of reflecting mirror is positioned at two pieces of tube plate structure least significant ends even
On the midpoint of line；The circular arc line radius of reflecting mirror is R, a length of R1 of every piece of tube plate structure, and the radius of thermal-collecting tube is R2, with
On one tube plate structure, the distance in the center of circle of Neighbor Set heat pipe is L, and the angle between two pieces of tube plate structures is a, then meet equation below:
R1/R=c*sin (a/2)b,
0.18 < R2/L < 0.34,
Wherein c, b are coefficient, 0.39 < c < 0.41,0.020 <b < 0.035；
0.38 < R1/R < 0.41,80 °≤A≤150 °, 450mm < R1 < 750mm, 1100mm < R < 1800mm,
90mm < L < 150mm, 20mm≤R2 < 50mm.
Preferably, the mass component of described ceramic material is as follows: SiO230-32%, 5.1-5.3%Li2O, 6.5-7.8%TiO2,
3.3-3.5%MgO, 1.0-1.3%La2O3, 2.45-2.55%BaO, remaining is Al2O3.Compared with prior art, present invention tool
There is a following advantage:
1) solar energy can be made full use of, it is to avoid the loss of solar heat, unnecessary solar energy is stored with the form of electric energy
Come, in order to follow-up use.
2) provide a kind of new temperature difference electricity generation device, meet the demand of solar energy；
3) present invention passes through test of many times, obtains an optimum heat collector optimum results, and is verified by test,
Thus demonstrate the accuracy of result.
4) pass through central controller, it is achieved valve is automatically controlled, thus realize effective utilization of solar energy.
5) arranged by the thermal-collecting tube structure of heat collector, reach optimum absorption solar energy.
6) present invention carries out meticulous selection and experiment to material and the thickness of heat-sink shell, has reached the technique effect of best heat absorption.
7) structure of heat collector is reasonably designed, it is to avoid heat collector local temperature is overheated.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of solar energy collector system
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of temperature difference electricity generation device
Fig. 3 is the schematic cross-section of solar energy collector system
Fig. 4 is the structural section schematic diagram of solar energy heat collection pipe
Fig. 5 is the schematic cross-section of solar energy collector system
Fig. 6 is the schematical top view of thermal-collecting tube
Fig. 7 is thermophore structural representation
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of collecting plate
Reference is as follows:
1 heat collector, 2 temperature difference electricity generation devices, 3 radiators, 4 valves, 5 valves, 6 temperature sensors, 7 temperature difference electricity generation devices
Inlet tube, 8 heat collector outlet pipelines, 9 reflecting mirrors, 10 thermal-collecting tubes, 11 collecting plates, 12 headers, 13 headers, 14 casings,
15 controllers, 16 radiator inlet pipes, 17 heat collector water return pipelines, 18 valves, 19 temperature sensors, 20 heat collectors enter water
Pipe, 21 heat collector outlets, 22 housings, 23 heat pipes, 24 thermo-electric generation sheets, 25 thermo-electric generation sheet heat radiators, 26 accumulator,
27 users, 28 heat-storing materials
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the detailed description of the invention of the present invention is described in detail.
A kind of solar energy collector system, as it is shown in figure 1, described system includes that (Fig. 1 implements for heat collector 1, heat utilization device
In example, heat utilization device is temperature difference electricity generation device 2 and radiator 3, but is not limited to this, only citing), valve 4, valve 5,
Valve 18, temperature sensor 6, described heat collector 1 connects formation closed circuit with temperature difference electricity generation device 2, and heat collector 1 is with scattered
The connection of hot device 3 forms closed circuit, and the pipeline at temperature difference electricity generation device 2 and radiator 3 place is in parallel, and heat collector 1 absorbs the sun
Can, the water in heating heat collector 1, the water after heating respectively enters temperature difference electricity generation device 2 and radiator 3 by outlet pipeline 8,
Temperature difference electricity generation device 2 generates electricity, radiator 3 carries out heat exchange, in temperature difference electricity generation device 2 and in radiator 3
The water flowed out carries out heat exchange in entering heat collector 1 through water return pipeline 17.
In said system, while being generated electricity in temperature difference electricity generation device 2 by solar energy, it is possible to use radiator outwards dissipates
Heat.Certainly, radiator and temperature difference electricity generation device can with independent operating, or isolated operation one of them.
As it is shown in figure 1, valve 4 is arranged on outlet pipe, enter the total of temperature difference electricity generation device 2 and radiator 3 for controlling
The water yield, valve 5 is arranged on the position of the inlet tube 16 of the pipeline at radiator 3 place, for controlling the water of entrance radiator 3
Flow, valve 18 is arranged on the position of the inlet tube 7 of the pipeline at temperature difference electricity generation device 2 place, is used for controlling to enter thermo-electric generation
The flow of the water of device 2, temperature sensor 6 is arranged on the position of the entrance of radiator 3, is used for measuring entrance radiator 3
The temperature of water.Described system also includes central controller, described central controller and valve 4, valve 5, valve 18, temperature
Degree sensor 6 carries out data cube computation.
Preferably, when the temperature that temperature sensor 6 is measured is less than certain temperature when, central controller controls valve 5 adds
Big aperture, controls valve 18 simultaneously and reduces aperture, strengthens heat dissipation capacity with the flow of the hot water of increasing entrance radiator 3.Work as temperature
The when that the temperature that degree sensor 6 is measured being higher than certain temperature, central controller controls valve 5 reduces aperture, controls simultaneously
Valve 18 strengthens aperture, strengthens heat dissipation capacity with the flow of the hot water of minimizing entrance radiator 3.
When temperature sensor 6 measure temperature low to a certain extent when, the ability of the now external heat exchange of radiator can be deteriorated,
Cannot meet normal heating demands, this shows that the thermal-arrest ability of solar thermal collector also goes wrong, and such as sunlight is not
Very strong, or the when that not having the sun in the evening, now valve 4 can be automatically switched off, and valve 5 and valve 18 can fully open, temperature
The pipeline at difference TRT and radiator place forms a circulation line, and water enters temperature difference electricity generation device, and temperature difference electricity generation device is deposited
The electric energy of storage heats entering water in temperature difference electricity generation device, and the water of heating enters in radiator 3 and dispels the heat.
By above-mentioned operation, the heat-sinking capability of radiator 3 can met, i.e. meeting user sunray is strong when
After radiating requirements, the heat being more than is generated electricity, in solar thermal collector 1 heat capacity not by temperature difference electricity generation device 2
In the case of foot, utilize the electric energy heat cycles water that temperature difference electricity generation device stores, to meet the radiating requirements of radiator 3.So
Solar energy can be made full use of, it is to avoid the waste of too much heat.
As preferably, the temperature of the water entered in radiator 3 can not be utilized to automatically control the flow of water, measurement can be used
The ambient temperature of radiator periphery, such as, the indoor temperature (by arranging indoor temperature transmitter) measuring radiator is come automatically
Control to enter the flow of the water of radiator, if indoor temperature is too low, then increase the flow of the water entering radiator 3, if room
Interior temperature is too high, then reduce the flow of the water entering radiator 3.
Certainly, the premise being controlled flow by indoor temperature is that the temperature that temperature sensor 6 is measured needs higher than uniform temperature,
Otherwise, the when that the thermal-arrest of solar thermal collector being less able, in any case increase flow, radiating effect is all without very well.
The when that pipeline at temperature difference electricity generation device and radiator place forming a circulation line, when temperature sensor 6 measurement
The when that temperature being less than certain temperature, controller 15 controls accumulator 26, improves the output power of accumulator 26, to improve
Flow through the temperature of water in temperature difference electricity generation device.When the temperature that temperature sensor 6 is measured is higher than certain temperature when, control
Device 15 controls accumulator 26, reduces the output power of accumulator 26, to improve the temperature of the water flowed through in temperature difference electricity generation device.
By such control, it is possible to the electricity of Appropriate application accumulator, it is to avoid the loss of electricity.
The structure of described temperature difference electricity generation device 2 as in figure 2 it is shown, described temperature difference electricity generation device 2 include casing 14, heat pipe 23,
Thermo-electric generation sheet 24, thermo-electric generation sheet heat radiator 25, controller 15 and accumulator 26, arrange heat pipe 23 in casing, the temperature difference is sent out
One end of electricity sheet 24 is connected with heat pipe, and the other end is connected with radiator 25, and thermo-electric generation sheet 24 is also by controller 15 and stores
Battery 26 is connected.
As preferably, thermo-electric generation sheet 24 is connected with user also by controller 15, has been provided that the electric energy required for user.
As preferably, controller 15 controls that temperature difference electricity generation device is limited meets user power utilization demand, and first controller determines user institute
The electricity needed, after then the electricity that thermo-electric generation sheet sends deducts the electricity of user again, remaining electricity is stored in accumulator 26
In standby.
Although Fig. 2 show only a thermo-electric generation sheet, but is not limited to one in reality, can arrange multiple with satisfied
The demand of electricity.
As it is shown on figure 3, a kind of solar energy collector system, including thermal-collecting tube 2, reflecting mirror 9 and collecting plate 11, adjacent two
Connected by collecting plate 11 between individual thermal-collecting tube 2, so that forming tube sheet between multiple thermal-collecting tube 2 and adjacent collecting plate 11
Structure；Described solar energy collector system includes two pieces of tube plate structures, shape a at a certain angle between described two pieces of tube plate structures,
As in figure 2 it is shown, described angle direction is relative with the direction of the circular arc line structural bending of reflecting mirror, focus D of reflecting mirror 9 is positioned at
Between the angle a that tube plate structure is formed.
Traditional heat collector is all to be set directly in focus by thermal-collecting tube, and once position offsets, then heat would not thermal-arrest
In thermal-collecting tube, by said structure, sunlight, at reflecting mirror 9, reflexes to tube plate structure by reflecting mirror 9, by heat
In the hot thermal-collecting tube 10 in tube plate structure of quantity set.By this structure, even if because installation or operation problem cause tube sheet to be tied
Structure position changes, then solar energy still can thermal-arrest in thermal-collecting tube 10, thus avoid thermal loss；Simultaneously as it is traditional
Heat collector is all to be set directly in focus by thermal-collecting tube, causes thermal-collecting tube hot-spot, causes thermal-collecting tube local losses excessive,
Life-span is too short, even causes thermal-collecting tube over-heat inside, produces superheated steam, is full of whole thermal-collecting tube, causes the internal pressure of thermal-collecting tube
Power is excessive, damages thermal-collecting tube, and takes the structure of the application, both can sufficiently have been absorbed by heat, again can be relative by heat
Dispersion, it is to avoid heat is excessively concentrated so that overall thermal-collecting tube heat absorption uniformly, extends the service life of thermal-collecting tube.
As one preferably, focus D of reflecting mirror 9 is positioned on the midpoint of two pieces of tube plate structure least significant end lines.Set by above-mentioned
Put, it is ensured that absorb solar energy to the full extent, it is to avoid solar energy loses because of focal shift, also ensure that tabular simultaneously
Structure is likely to reduced the irradiation blocked sunlight on reflecting mirror 9 as far as possible.It is experimentally confirmed, uses said structure, solar energy
The effect absorbed is best.
In practice, it has been found that the caliber of thermal-collecting tube 10 can not be excessive, if caliber is excessive, then the water in thermal-collecting tube 10 can not enter
Row sufficiently heating, causes heats very poor, otherwise caliber is too small, then the water in thermal-collecting tube can be overheated, in like manner, for collection
Distance between heat pipe 10 also meets requirement, if the distance between thermal-collecting tube 10 is excessive, then and the volume of the water in thermal-collecting tube 10
Too small, water can be caused overheated, equally, if the distance between thermal-collecting tube 10 is too small, then thermal-collecting tube distribution is the closeest, causes thermal-arrest
Water in pipe 10 is unable to reach predetermined problem, or is necessarily required to the most extra auxiliary heating tool；For tube plate structure
Length, also meet certain requirements, if tube plate structure is oversize, then can shelter from the too much sunlight being irradiated to reflecting mirror 9,
The heat causing heat collector to absorb sunlight reduces, and causes and reaches preferable heating state, if the length of tube plate structure is too small, then
Cause too much solar energy heating to the thermal-collecting tube of little area, cause thermal-collecting tube to be heated concentration, but also part collection can be caused
The solar energy of heat does not directly have thermal-arrest in thermal-collecting tube, but directly reflexes to outside；For angle a, same principle, as
Really angle is excessive, and portion launches excessive to area the most on the mirror, then can shelter from the too much sunlight being irradiated to reflecting mirror 9,
If angle area is too small, then there will be the solar energy of a part of thermal-arrest does not directly have thermal-arrest in thermal-collecting tube, but directly reflects
To outside, cause the loss of heat.Therefore for the distance between the length of tube plate structure, thermal-collecting tube internal diameter, thermal-collecting tube, pipe
Angle between plate structure, circular arc line radius meet following relation:
The circular arc line radius of reflecting mirror is R, a length of R1 of every piece of tube plate structure, and the radius of thermal-collecting tube is R2, and same tube sheet is tied
On structure, the distance in the center of circle of Neighbor Set heat pipe is L, and the angle between two pieces of tube sheets is a, then meet equation below:
R1/R=c*sin (a/2)b,
0.18 < R2/L < 0.34,
Wherein c, b are coefficient, 0.39 < c < 0.41,0.020 <b < 0.035；
0.38 < R1/R < 0.41,80 °≤A≤150 °, 450mm < R1 < 750mm, 1100mm < R < 1800mm,
90mm < L < 150mm, 20mm≤R2 < 50mm.
As preferably, c=0.4002, b=0.0275.
As preferably, along with the increase of angle a, the coefficient of c, b becomes larger.The most more meet the needs of real work.
As preferably, the lower wall surface (face relative with reflecting mirror 9) of tube plate structure is provided for the projection of augmentation of heat transfer, with
Strengthen the absorption to solar energy.Along the middle part (i.e. extreme higher position) of tube plate structure to both sides extreme lower position (i.e. Fig. 1 thermal-collecting tube
A is to B, C direction) on bearing of trend, the height of projection of the lower wall surface of thermal-collecting tube is more and more higher.Find in an experiment, from middle part
Extending to both sides, caloric receptivity gradually rises, and is because the stop of tube plate structure by analyzing main cause, causes middle part to be heated
Minimum, and extend to both sides from middle part, absorb heat and gradually rise.By the continuous rising of height of projection, so that whole
In individual thermal-collecting tube, water is heated evenly, it is to avoid both sides temperature is too high and medium temperature is too low.So can also avoid the thermal-arrest of centre
The material of pipe is at high temperature easily damaged, and can keep the homogeneous temperature of whole thermal-collecting tube, increase the service life.
As preferably, along the link position (i.e. the middle part of tube plate structure) of two pieces of tube plate structures to both sides (i.e. Fig. 1 thermal-collecting tube
A is to B, C direction) extend, the density of protrusions of the lower wall surface of thermal-collecting tube is more and more higher.Main cause be middle part be heated minimum, and
Extend from middle part to both sides, absorb heat and gradually rise.By the continuous rising of density of protrusions, so that whole thermal-collecting tube
Being heated evenly of middle water, it is to avoid medium temperature is too low and both sides temperature is too high.So can also avoid the material of the thermal-collecting tube of centre
At high temperature it is easily damaged for a long time, the homogeneous temperature of whole thermal-collecting tube can be kept, increase the service life.
As preferably, the inwall of thermal-collecting tube 10 can arrange fin, such as, can arrange straight fins or helical fin, different collection
The interior fin height of heat pipe is different, along two pieces of tube plate structures link position (i.e. the middle part of tube plate structure) to both sides (i.e.
Fig. 1 thermal-collecting tube A is to B, C direction) extend, the height of fin gradually decreases.Main cause is and the reason above arranging projection
Identical.
Tube plate structure surface coating heat-sink shell, described heat-sink shell outwards includes that transition zone, infrared external reflection are coated with in tube plate structure successively
Layer, heat absorbing coating, antireflection coatings and protective layer, wherein transition zone, infrared reflection coating, heat absorbing coating, antireflection coatings
With the thickness of protective layer be 0.04um, 0.25um, 0.76um, 0.14um, 0.11um respectively；Described transition zone be by
Frequently the transition zone of the compound that reaction magnetocontrol sputtering method deposition metal Al, Si are formed with N；Described infrared reflection coating is from introversion
Outer is W, Cr, Ag tri-layers, and the thickness proportion of three layers is 9:4:7；Heat absorbing coating include the most successively Nb, Cr, Zr,
NbN、Cr2O3Five layers, the thickness proportion of three layers is 8:7:4:4:5；Antireflection coatings is TiO the most successively2、
AlN、Nb2O5、Al2O3, and Si3N4Five layers, wherein the thickness proportion of five layers is 5:4:8:9:2；Protective layer
Composition identical with transition zone.
In above layers, by strengthening the thickness proportion of heat absorbing coating, reduce infrared reflecting layer and the thickness of antireflection layer, permissible
Significantly increase the absorption to solar energy, meanwhile, by adjusting the thickness of the material of each layer of infrared reflecting layer and antireflection layer
Ratio, it is also possible to realize reducing the degree of the reflection to sunlight.
Above-mentioned dimension scale is to test, by nearly hundred kinds of different thickness proportion, the optimal result got.By testing, for
Use composition and the thickness of each independent stratum in above-mentioned absorber coatings, the absorptance of the absorber coatings of preparation can be made to be more than 0.944,
And realize the low-launch-rate of less than 0.041.
Manufacture method for above-mentioned coating, it is possible to use this area through frequently with vacuum magnetron sputtering coating film technique prepare.
For the concrete structure of heat collector, shown in Figure 6, described heat collector includes header 12,13, and thermal-collecting tube 10 is even
Connect two headers 12,13.Certainly, the shape of header should be as it is shown in figure 1, at an angle at middle part, and in Fig. 1
Thermal-collecting tube is corresponding, and Fig. 6 does not show, only schematic diagram.In described header 12, heat collector oral siphon 20, header are set
Heater outlet pipe 21 is set on 13.As preferably, heat collector oral siphon 20 and heat collector outlet pipe 21 are arranged on top A's
Highest position, so can ensure that the water in header from top to lower flow, it is ensured that the uniform distribution of water.Otherwise, top
Moisture dosage in thermal-collecting tube very little, causes hot-spot.
As preferably, only heat-sink shell is set in the bottom of tube plate structure, for the top of tube sheet mechanism, solar panel is set,
In this manner it is achieved that be used for generating electricity by a part of heat, a part of heat is used for heating, it is achieved add the dual needs of heat and generating power.
As preferably, the material of the thermal-collecting tube of heat collector is albronze, and the mass percent of the component of described albronze is as follows:
3.9%Cr, 3.6%Ag, 2.6%Mn, 3.25%Zr, 2.3%Ce, 1.5%Ti, 2.36%Si, remaining
For Cu, Al, the ratio of Cu, Al is 3.23:2.18.
The manufacture method of albronze is: use vacuum metallurgy melting, and argon for protecting pouring becomes circle base, through 800 DEG C of homogenization
Process, at 630 DEG C, use and be hot extruded into bar, the most again after 556 DEG C of solution hardening, carry out artificial aging at 220 DEG C
Process.The tensile strength of alloy: room temperature >=540MPa, 200 DEG C >=420MPa, 300 DEG C >=-250MPa.
After tested, above-mentioned alloy has the highest heat conductivity and thermostability.
As preferably, described heat utilization device can also be hot water storage tank, and hot water storage tank both can be with temperature difference electricity generation device 2 with scattered
Hot device 3 is arranged in parallel, it is also possible to replaces one of them in temperature difference electricity generation device 2 and radiator 3, or only arranges one
The pipeline of hot water storage tank.Arranging heat-insulation layer outside described hot water storage tank, described heat-insulation layer includes vacuum thermal insulation plate, described very
Empty heat insulating thermal preserving board includes core and high-gas resistance composite membrane, is coated with core with high-gas resistance composite membrane, is formed by the way of evacuation
Vacuum thermal insulation plate.The direction extended outwardly from tank outer wall, described core at least includes multilamellar inorganic fibre mat, described
Multilamellar inorganic fibre mat is multiple-level stack or is connected by binding agent multilamellar, at least two-layer in described multilamellar inorganic fibre mat
The density of inorganic fibre mat or composition are different.
As preferably, wherein core includes covering the internal layer district in the close water tank wall portion on inorganic fibre mat surface and/or being positioned at inorganic
Outer layer zone outside fibrous layer.
As preferably, internal layer district and/or outer layer zone by aluminosilicate fiberboard, centrifugally glass-wool plate, rock cotton board, textile fabric plate,
One or more in waste paper pulpboard are made.
As preferably, the number of plies of inorganic fibre mat is 30-130 layer.More preferably 50-80 layer.
As preferably, the density of inorfil is 10-300kg/m3。
As preferably, density or the composition of the inorganic fibre mat of arbitrary neighborhood two-layer differ.
As preferably, along inside outward, the density of inorganic fibre mat increases.Being experimentally confirmed, density increases successively and is carried
The effect of heat insulation come is more preferable, it is possible to reach the effect of heat insulation relatively optimized, it is possible to increase the effect of heat insulation of about 10%.
As preferably, along inside outward, the amplitude that the density of inorganic fibre mat increases successively is more and more less.It is experimentally confirmed,
The least the brought effect of heat insulation of the density of inorganic fibre mat increasing degree successively is more preferable, it is possible to reach more excellent effect of heat insulation.
As preferably, layer that its Midst density is big and the little layer of density are alternately placed.Being experimentally confirmed, this kind places effect of heat insulation
Very well, it is possible to increase the effect of heat insulation of more than 7.3%.As preferably, the density of the layer that density is big is 100-300kg/m3, density
Little density is 10-100kg/m3, select the density under the conditions of this can reach more excellent insulation effect.
As preferably, superfine glass cotton fiber plate, bulk density is 10kg/m3-100kg/m3, thickness is 1mm-9mm.
Aluminosilicate fiberboard bulk density is 20kg/m3-200kg/m3, preferably 50-100m3, thickness is 1mm-9mm.
Centrifugally glass-wool plate bulk density is 20kg/m3-150kg/m3, preferably 50-100m3, thickness is 2mm-25mm.
Rock cotton board bulk density is 30kg/m3-200kg/m3, preferably 70-130m3, thickness is 3mm-35mm.
As preferably, described inorganic fibre mat be microglass fiber plate, aluminosilicate fiberboard, centrifugally glass-wool plate, rock cotton board,
Two or more in secondary stock, textile fabric plate it is arranged alternately.
It is exemplified below:
With thickness 1mm aluminosilicate fiberboard (30kg/m3) and thickness 3mm aluminosilicate fiberboard (50kg/m3) be stacked alternately directly
To 1.2cm, obtain core material of vacuum heat insulation plate.
Or with thickness 1mm aluminosilicate fiberboard (100kg/m3) and thickness 2mm ceramic beaverboard (70kg/m3) be stacked alternately
Until 1.5cm, obtain core material of vacuum heat insulation plate.
Or with thickness 1mm aluminosilicate fiberboard and 2mm ceramic beaverboard and 2mm centrifugally glass-wool plate is stacked alternately until 2cm,
Obtain core material of vacuum heat insulation plate.
Or with 1mm aluminosilicate fiberboard and 3mm ceramic beaverboard, 2mm rock cotton board is stacked alternately until 3cm, obtains vacuum
Insulated panel core material.
Or it is stacked alternately by 1mm aluminosilicate fiberboard and 3mm ceramic beaverboard, 3mm centrifugally glass-wool plate, 3mm rock cotton board
Until 3cm, obtain core material of vacuum heat insulation plate.
As preferably, thermophore can be used to replace the temperature difference electricity generation device 2 in accompanying drawing 1.Detailed description of the invention is as follows:
A kind of solar energy collector system, described system include heat collector 1, thermophore and radiator 3, valve 4, valve 5,
Valve 18, temperature sensor 6, described heat collector 1 connects formation closed circuit with thermophore, and heat collector 1 is with radiator 3 even
Logical formation closed circuit, the pipeline at thermophore and radiator 3 place is in parallel, and heat collector 1 absorbs solar energy, heats heat collector 1
In water, the water after heating respectively enters thermophore and radiator 3 by outlet pipeline 8, carries out heat exchange in thermophore, will
Heat storage, in the heat-storing material of thermophore, carries out heat exchange in radiator 3, flows out in thermophore and in radiator 3
Water carries out heat exchange in entering heat collector 1 through water return pipeline 17.
In said system, by solar energy while carrying out accumulation of heat to thermophore, it is possible to use radiator outwards dispels the heat.Certainly,
Thermophore and radiator can with independent operating, or isolated operation one of them.
As preferably, vacuum thermal insulation plate is set outside thermophore and is incubated.
As it is shown in figure 1, valve 4 is arranged on outlet pipe, for controlling entrance thermophore and total water yield of radiator 3, valve
Door 5 is arranged on the position of the inlet tube 16 of the pipeline at radiator 3 place, for controlling to enter the flow of the water of radiator 3, valve
Door 18 is arranged on the position of the inlet tube 29 of the pipeline at thermophore place, for controlling to enter the flow of the water of thermophore, temperature
Sensor 6 is arranged on the position of the entrance of radiator 3, for measuring the temperature of the water entering radiator 3.Described system is also
Including central controller, described central controller and valve 4, valve 5, valve 18, temperature sensor 6 carry out data cube computation.
Preferably, when the temperature that temperature sensor 6 is measured is less than certain temperature when, central controller controls valve 5 adds
Big aperture, controls valve 18 simultaneously and reduces aperture, strengthens heat dissipation capacity with the flow of the hot water of increasing entrance radiator 3.Work as temperature
The when that the temperature that degree sensor 6 is measured being higher than certain temperature, central controller controls valve 5 reduces aperture, controls simultaneously
Valve 18 strengthens aperture, strengthens heat dissipation capacity with the flow of the hot water of minimizing entrance radiator 3.
When temperature sensor 6 measure temperature low to a certain extent when, the ability of the now external heat exchange of radiator can be deteriorated,
Cannot meet normal heating demands, this shows that the thermal-arrest ability of solar thermal collector also goes wrong, and such as sunlight is not
Very strong, or the when that not having the sun in the evening, now valve 4 can be automatically switched off, and valve 5 and valve 18 can fully open, and store
The pipeline at hot device and radiator place forms a circulation line, and water enters and absorbs the heat of storage in thermophore in thermophore, adds
The water of heat enters in radiator 3 and dispels the heat.
By above-mentioned operation, the heat-sinking capability of radiator 3 can met, i.e. meeting user sunray is strong when
After radiating requirements, the heat being more than is stored by thermophore, in the situation that solar thermal collector 1 heat capacity is not enough
Under, the heat in thermophore is made full use of, to meet the radiating requirements of radiator 3.So can make full use of solar energy,
Avoid the waste of too much heat.
As preferably, the temperature of the water entered in radiator 3 can not be utilized to automatically control the flow of water, measurement can be used
The ambient temperature of radiator periphery, such as, the indoor temperature (by arranging indoor temperature transmitter) measuring radiator is come automatically
Control to enter the flow of the water of radiator, if indoor temperature is too low, then increase the flow of the water entering radiator 3, if room
Interior temperature is too high, then reduce the flow of the water entering radiator 3.
Certainly, the premise being controlled flow by indoor temperature is that the temperature that temperature sensor 6 is measured needs higher than uniform temperature,
Otherwise, the when that the thermal-arrest of solar thermal collector being less able, in any case increase flow, radiating effect is all without very well.
The when that pipeline at thermophore and radiator place forming a circulation line, the temperature measured when temperature sensor 6 is low
In certain temperature when, central controller controls valve 5 strengthens aperture, controls valve 18 simultaneously and strengthens aperture, to strengthen
The flow of the hot water entering radiator 3 strengthens heat dissipation capacity.When the temperature that temperature sensor 6 is measured higher than certain temperature time
Waiting, central controller controls valve 5 reduces aperture, controls valve 18 simultaneously and reduces aperture, to reduce the heat entering radiator 3
The flow of water strengthens heat dissipation capacity.Valve 5 now keeps consistent with the aperture of 15.
By such control, it is possible to the heat of Appropriate application thermophore, it is to avoid the loss of heat.
The structure of described thermophore, as it is shown in fig. 7, described thermophore includes housing 22, is provided with heat-storing material in housing 22
28, water pipe is arranged in heat-storing material 28, and described water pipe is coil structure in housing.In water pipe, water is carried out with heat-storing material
Heat exchange, transfers heat to heat-storing material 28.
Preferably, heat-storing material fills the 90-95% that space is housing volume of housing, to prevent expanded by heating from causing housing to damage
Bad.
Described heat-storing material is ceramic material, and the mass component of described ceramic material is as follows: SiO230-32%, 5.1-5.3%Li2O、
6.5-7.8%TiO2, 3.3-3.5%MgO, 1.0-1.3%La2O3, 2.45-2.55%BaO, remaining is Al2O3。
Preferably, SiO231%, 5.22%Li2O, 6.85%TiO2, 3.4%MgO, 1.1%La2O3, 2.5%BaO, remaining is Al2O3。
Above-mentioned heat-storing material is the result obtained by test of many times, has the highest heat storage capacity, is fully meeting too
Heat is absorbed in sun energy system operation.
As preferably, the outlet pipeline 8 of heat collector arranges temperature sensor 19, for measuring the temperature of the water outlet of heat collector,
Thermophore simultaneously arranges temperature sensor (not shown) for measuring the temperature of heat-storing material.In the inlet tube 7 of thermophore
Valve 18 is set, valve 4 is opened when, when the leaving water temperature measured is less than the temperature of heat-storing material when, valve 18
Close.When the leaving water temperature measured is higher than the temperature of heat-storing material when, valve 18 is opened.It thus is avoided that thermophore is by heat
Water in passing to water pipe, causes the loss of heat in thermophore, to ensure that thermophore can store abundant heat.
Although the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to this.Any those skilled in the art,
Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, all can make various changes or modifications, therefore protection scope of the present invention should be with power
Profit requires that limited range is as the criterion.
Claims (4)
1. a solar energy system, described system includes heat collector, thermophore and radiator, the first valve, the second valve, institute
Stating heat collector and connect formation closed circuit with thermophore, heat collector connects formation closed circuit, thermophore and radiator with radiator
The pipeline at place is in parallel, and heat collector absorbs solar energy, the water in heating heat collector, and the water after heating is entered respectively by outlet pipeline
Enter thermophore and radiator, thermophore carries out heat exchange, by heat storage in the heat-storing material of thermophore, in radiator
Carrying out heat exchange, the water flowed out in thermophore and in radiator heats in entering heat collector through water return pipeline；
First valve is arranged on outlet pipe, and for controlling entrance thermophore and total water yield of radiator, the second valve is arranged on
The position of the inlet tube of the pipeline at thermophore place, for controlling to enter the flow of the water of thermophore；
Arranging temperature sensor on the outlet pipe of heat collector, for measuring the temperature of the water outlet of heat collector, thermophore simultaneously is arranged
Temperature sensor is for measuring the temperature of heat-storing material, the first valve is opened when, when the leaving water temperature measured is less than accumulation of heat
The when of the temperature of material, the second valve closing, when the leaving water temperature measured higher than the temperature of heat-storing material when, the second valve
Door is opened.
2. solar energy system as claimed in claim 1, heat collector includes thermal-collecting tube, reflecting mirror and collecting plate, adjacent two
Connected by collecting plate between thermal-collecting tube, so that forming tube plate structure, described collection between multiple thermal-collecting tube and adjacent collecting plate
Hot plate is straight plate, and described tube plate structure is linear structure；Between described two pieces of tube plate structures, shape is at a certain angle, described angle
Direction is relative with the circular arc line structure of reflecting mirror, and the focus of reflecting mirror is sheet between the angle that tube plate structure is formed.
Solar energy system the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the focus of reflecting mirror is positioned at two pieces of tube plate structure least significant ends
On the midpoint of line；The circular arc line radius of reflecting mirror is R, a length of R1 of every piece of tube plate structure, and the radius of thermal-collecting tube is R2,
On same tube plate structure, the distance in the center of circle of Neighbor Set heat pipe is L, and the angle between two pieces of tube plate structures is a, then meet following public
Formula:
R1/R=c*sin (a/2)b,
0.18 < R2/L < 0.34,
Wherein c, b are coefficient, 0.39 < c < 0.41,0.020 <b < 0.035；
0.38 < R1/R < 0.41,80 °≤A≤150 °, 450mm < R1 < 750mm, 1100mm < R < 1800mm,
90mm < L < 150mm, 20mm≤R2 < 50mm.
Solar energy system the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that along with the increase of angle a, the coefficient of c, b is gradually
Become big.
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| CN201510158842.4A CN104848566B (en) | 2015-04-07 | 2015-04-07 | A kind of solar heat-preservation system |
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| CN201510158842.4A Active CN104848566B (en) | 2015-04-07 | 2015-04-07 | A kind of solar heat-preservation system |
| CN201610348148.3A Active CN106016782B (en) | 2015-04-07 | 2015-04-07 | One kind sets heat-sink shell solar heat-preservation system |
| CN201610344700.1A Expired - Fee Related CN106016787B (en) | 2015-04-07 | 2015-04-07 | A kind of solar energy system for controlling to enter storage heater water temperature |
| CN201610345461.1A Active CN105953293B (en) | 2015-04-07 | 2015-04-07 | A kind of highly different solar energy system of thermal-collecting tube inner fin |
| CN201610344746.3A Expired - Fee Related CN106016778B (en) | 2015-04-07 | 2015-04-07 | A kind of solar heat-preservation system of density of protrusions rule change |
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| CN201610348148.3A Active CN106016782B (en) | 2015-04-07 | 2015-04-07 | One kind sets heat-sink shell solar heat-preservation system |
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| CN201610344746.3A Expired - Fee Related CN106016778B (en) | 2015-04-07 | 2015-04-07 | A kind of solar heat-preservation system of density of protrusions rule change |
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| CN111550865A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-08-18 | 山东财经大学 | Solar heat collection system and leakage detection method |
| CN111692766A (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-09-22 | 山东财经大学 | Cloud remote monitoring solar heat collection system and leakage detection method |
| CN111797888A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-10-20 | 山东建筑大学 | Heat storage and supply system and leakage detection method |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104848566A (en) | 2015-08-19 |
| CN105972838B (en) | 2017-10-10 |
| CN106016778A (en) | 2016-10-12 |
| CN105928037A (en) | 2016-09-07 |
| CN105953293B (en) | 2018-02-06 |
| CN104848566B (en) | 2016-06-29 |
| CN105972838A (en) | 2016-09-28 |
| CN106016787B (en) | 2017-10-10 |
| CN106016782B (en) | 2018-02-06 |
| CN106016778B (en) | 2017-10-10 |
| CN106016782A (en) | 2016-10-12 |
| CN105928037B (en) | 2018-02-06 |
| CN105953293A (en) | 2016-09-21 |
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