CN106016229B - The main-stream control method and apparatus of supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler unit - Google Patents
The main-stream control method and apparatus of supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN106016229B CN106016229B CN201610344782.XA CN201610344782A CN106016229B CN 106016229 B CN106016229 B CN 106016229B CN 201610344782 A CN201610344782 A CN 201610344782A CN 106016229 B CN106016229 B CN 106016229B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B35/00—Control systems for steam boilers
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of main-stream control method and apparatus of supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler unit.This method includes:Determine the first object temperature of the steam of boiler first position, wherein boiler is supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler, and boiler first position is the position of the steam-water separator of boiler;The temperature of the steam of first position is adjusted according to first object temperature;Determine the second target temperature of the steam of the boiler second position, wherein steam first passes through behind first position by the second position;And the water spray of desuperheating water is adjusted so that the temperature of steam reaches the second target temperature according to the second target temperature, through the invention, solving the problems, such as that the fluctuation of supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler unit Stream temperature is big influences unit safety.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of boilers, in particular to a kind of Stream temperature of supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler unit
Control method and device.
Background technology
Recirculating fluidized bed (Circulating Fluidszed Bed, referred to as CFB) boiler in combustion can be effective
Control SO2And NOxGeneration and discharge, be a kind of combustion system of relative clean.Its excellent emission performance and pollution cost control
System is that current other technologies are incomparable.It is the main of current CFB boiler that capacity enlargement and steam parameter, which further increase,
Developing direction.
Supercritical unit refers to that superheater outlet main steam pressure is more than 22.129MPa.The supercritical unit run at present
Operating pressure is 24MPa-25MPa.Since supercritical once-through boiler does not have drum, start and stop speed is fast, with general subcritical vapour
Packet stove is compared, and supercritical once-through boiler starts to oepration at full load, and varying duty speed can be improved 1 times or so.Face with same capacity Asia
The thermal efficiency of boundary's fired power generating unit is compared, and efficiency 2%-2.5% can be improved using supercritical parameter in theory.
Superheat steam temperature is one of the important indicator of Supercritical CFB Boiler running quality.The control task of overheating steam temperature
It is to maintain superheater outlet steam temperature within the allowable range.Superheat steam temperature is too high or too low, can all influence unit safety, economy
Operation, if vapor (steam) temperature is excessively high, is easy to burn out superheater, and turbine high-pressure part can be caused to overheat, and seriously affects unit peace
Row for the national games, and the too low decline that can cause unit thermal efficiency of cycle of vapor (steam) temperature, influence the economical operation of unit, according to calculating,
Superheater longtime running, service life at 10 DEG C~20 DEG C of overtemperature can shorten more than half, and neat temperature often reduces by 10 DEG C, can make
Thermal efficiency of cycle response reduces by 0.5%, and the vapor (steam) temperature generally requirement of boiler for high power station is:Load is in volume when fixed pressure operation
In the 60%~100% of constant load range, load is in 50%~100% when variable-pressure operation, to overheat, reheated steam, with volume
The temperature deviation of definite value is both needed to be maintained between+3 DEG C~-5 DEG C.Therefore it is required that temperature adjustment means appropriate are arranged in boiler, to correct
The influence that operation factor fluctuates steam temperature.And in the prior art, the temperature control method of boiler is poor to the control accuracy of temperature, safety
Property is low.
Big the problem of influencing unit safety is fluctuated for supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler unit Stream temperature in the related technology,
Currently no effective solution has been proposed.
Invention content
The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of main-stream control methods of supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler unit
And device, influence unit safety to solve the problems, such as that the fluctuation of supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler unit Stream temperature is big.
To achieve the goals above, according to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler
The main-stream control method of unit, this method include:Determine the first object temperature of the steam of boiler first position, wherein pot
Stove is supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler, and boiler first position is the position of the steam-water separator of boiler;According to first object temperature
The temperature of the steam of first position is adjusted in degree;Determine the second target temperature of the steam of the boiler second position, wherein steam
Vapour first passes through behind first position by the second position;And the water spray of desuperheating water is adjusted so that steam according to the second target temperature
Temperature reach the second target temperature.
Further, according to first object temperature to the temperature of the steam of first position be adjusted including:According to first
Target temperature adjusts the ratio of water to coal of boiler, so that the difference of the temperature of the steam of first position and first object temperature is less than and presets
Difference, wherein ratio of water to coal is the ratio of the fuel quantity and confluent of boiler.
Further, it is determined that the first object temperature of the steam of boiler first position includes:Calculate the master of steam in boiler
Steam flow amount;Calculate the caloric receptivity and flue gas oxygen content of boiler;To the main steam flow of steam, the caloric receptivity of boiler and flue gas in boiler
Oxygen content is calculated according to preset algorithm, obtains first object temperature, and the ratio of water to coal of boiler is adjusted according to first object temperature
Including:The confluent of boiler is determined according to first object temperature;Water supply instruction is generated to boiler water supply according to confluent.
Further, include according to the water spray of the second target temperature adjustment desuperheating water:Adjust the spray of first order desuperheating water
Water is the first numerical value;The water spray for adjusting second level desuperheating water is second value;And the water spray of adjustment third level desuperheating water
Amount is third value, so as to reach the second target temperature by the temperature of the steam of three-level desuperheat.
Further, the water spray of adjustment first order desuperheating water is that the first numerical value includes:Detect the medium temperature overheater of boiler
Outlet vapor temperature;Medium temperature mistake is calculated according to the target temperature of preset algorithm and the outlet vapor of the medium temperature overheater of boiler
The target temperature of the inlet steam of hot device;According to the thermometer of the target temperature of the inlet steam of medium temperature overheater and inlet steam
Calculate the target water spray of first order desuperheating water;And the water spray of adjustment first order desuperheating water is target water spray.
To achieve the goals above, according to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of supercritical circulating fluidized bed pot is additionally provided
The main-stream control device of stove unit, the device include:First determination unit, of steam for determining boiler first position
One target temperature, wherein boiler is supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler, and boiler first position is the position of the steam-water separator of boiler
It sets;First adjusts unit, for the temperature of the steam of first position to be adjusted according to first object temperature;Second determines list
Member, the second target temperature of the steam for determining the boiler second position, wherein steam first passes through behind first position by second
Position;And second adjust unit, for according to the second target temperature adjust desuperheating water water spray so that the temperature of steam reaches
To the second target temperature.
Further, the first adjusting unit includes:The first adjustment module, for adjusting boiler according to first object temperature
Ratio of water to coal, so that the difference of the temperature of the steam of first position and first object temperature is less than preset difference value, wherein ratio of water to coal is
The fuel quantity of boiler and the ratio of confluent.
Further, the first determination unit includes:First computing module, the main steam flow for calculating steam in boiler;
Second computing module, caloric receptivity and flue gas oxygen content for calculating boiler;Third computing module, for steam in boiler
Main steam flow, the caloric receptivity of boiler and flue gas oxygen content are calculated according to preset algorithm, obtain first object temperature, and first adjusts
Mould preparation block includes:Determination sub-module, the confluent for determining boiler according to first object temperature;Submodule is generated, root is used for
Water supply instruction is generated to boiler water supply according to confluent.
Further, the second adjusting unit includes:Second adjustment module, the water spray for adjusting first order desuperheating water are
First numerical value;Third adjusts module, and the water spray for adjusting second level desuperheating water is second value;And the 4th adjustment mould
Block, the water spray for adjusting third level desuperheating water is third value, so as to reach the by the temperature of the steam of three-level desuperheat
Two target temperatures.
Further, second adjustment module includes:Detection sub-module is steamed for detecting the outlet of medium temperature overheater of boiler
The temperature of vapour;First computational submodule, for the target temperature according to preset algorithm and the outlet vapor of the medium temperature overheater of boiler
Degree calculates the target temperature of the inlet steam of medium temperature overheater;Second computational submodule, for the entrance according to medium temperature overheater
The target water spray of the target temperature of steam and the temperature computation first order desuperheating water of inlet steam;And adjustment submodule, it uses
It is target water spray in adjusting the water spray of first order desuperheating water.
The first object temperature that the present invention passes through the steam of determining boiler first position, wherein boiler is supercritical steam cycle
Fluidized-bed combustion boiler, boiler first position are the position of the steam-water separator of boiler;According to first object temperature to first position
The temperature of steam is adjusted;Determine the second target temperature of the steam of the boiler second position, wherein steam first passes through first
It postpones by the second position;And the water spray of desuperheating water is adjusted so that the temperature of steam reaches second according to the second target temperature
Target temperature, solving the problems, such as that the fluctuation of supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler unit Stream temperature is big influences unit safety, Jin Erda
The effect for the safety for improving supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler unit is arrived.
Description of the drawings
The attached drawing constituted part of this application is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, schematic reality of the invention
Example and its explanation are applied for explaining the present invention, is not constituted improper limitations of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the flow of the temprature control method of supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler unit according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention
Figure;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of ratio of water to coal modification method according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of water supply instruction generation method according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of desuperheating water instruction generation method according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of boiler carbonated drink process flow operation according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention;And
Fig. 6 is the signal of the temperature control equipment of supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler unit according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention
Figure.
Specific implementation mode
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments and the embodiments of the present application can phase
Mutually combination.The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
In order to make those skilled in the art more fully understand application scheme, below in conjunction in the embodiment of the present application
Attached drawing, technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application are clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is only
The embodiment of the application part, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the application, ordinary skill people
The every other embodiment that member is obtained without making creative work should all belong to the model of the application protection
It encloses.
It should be noted that term " first " in the description and claims of this application and above-mentioned attached drawing, "
Two " etc. be for distinguishing similar object, without being used to describe specific sequence or precedence.It should be appreciated that using in this way
Data can be interchanged in the appropriate case, so as to embodiments herein described herein.In addition, term " comprising " and " tool
Have " and their any deformation, it is intended that cover it is non-exclusive include, for example, containing series of steps or unit
Process, method, system, product or equipment those of are not necessarily limited to clearly to list step or unit, but may include without clear
It is listing to Chu or for these processes, method, product or equipment intrinsic other steps or unit.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of main-stream control methods of supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler unit.
Fig. 1 is the flow of the main-stream control method of supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler unit according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention
Figure, as shown in Figure 1, this approach includes the following steps:
Step S102:Determine the first object temperature of the steam of boiler first position.
Boiler is supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler, and boiler first position is the position of the steam-water separator of boiler, first
Target temperature is the target temperature that the steam-water separator of boiler reaches.Target temperature can be preset, and can also pass through calculating
It obtains.Since in boiler actual motion, the temperature of steam-water separator may be higher or relatively low, to the temperature of steam-water separator
Before being adjusted, the first object temperature of the steam-water separator of boiler is determined.
Step S104:The temperature of the steam of first position is adjusted according to first object temperature.
First position is position of the steam-water separator in the pipeline of boiler, and the temperature of the steam in steam-water separator may
Higher or relatively low, if vapor (steam) temperature is higher, in the state of 10 DEG C~20 DEG C of overtemperature, the service life can shorten boiler longtime running
More than half often reduces by 10 DEG C, thermal efficiency of cycle can be made accordingly to reduce by 0.5%, therefore, it is necessary to control if vapor (steam) temperature is relatively low
The difference of vapor (steam) temperature and first object temperature at the steam-water separator of boiler processed is maintained within the scope of default temperature, to protect
Hold the safe and highly efficient operation of boiler.It can be thick that the temperature of the steam of first position, which is adjusted, according to first object temperature
It adjusts.
Optionally, the temperature of the steam of first position is adjusted according to first object temperature to be:According to first
Target temperature adjusts the ratio of water to coal of boiler, so that the difference of the temperature of the steam of first position and first object temperature is less than and presets
Difference, wherein ratio of water to coal is the ratio of the fuel quantity and confluent of boiler.For example, can adjust the temperature of steam-water separator with
The difference of first object temperature is within the scope of 5 DEG C.The temperature of the steam of first position is adjusted according to first object temperature
Can be that vapor (steam) temperature is adjusted by controlling the ratio of fuel quantity and confluent, for example, if the temperature of steam is relatively low
Then increase fuel quantity, increases confluent if vapor (steam) temperature is higher.According to first object temperature to the steam of first position
Temperature be adjusted can also be vapor (steam) temperature is adjusted by other temperature control methods, for example, setting heater or
Cooler adjusts vapor (steam) temperature.The temperature coarse adjustment result of first position is closer to first object temperature, subsequent temperature fine tuning
Process will be easier.
Step S106:Determine the second target temperature of the steam of the boiler second position.
Steam first passes through behind first position by the second position, after the temperature coarse adjustment by first position, it is also necessary to
By the second position into trip temperature fine tuning.The temperature fine tuning of the second position can be a fine tuning, can also be multiple fine tuning, example
Such as, can be by way of spray cooling to cooling down by the steam of the second position, the second position of boiler can be arranged
Multi-stage cooling, the second target temperature can be the target temperature value after Multi-stage cooling, that is, the temperature that steam is finally reached,
If the second position includes multiple fine tuning, fine tuning each time can also include a target temperature, to realize gradually temperature control.It determines
Second target temperature of the boiler second position can also by preset algorithm and it is actually detected to the temperature computation of steam obtain
To the second target temperature of the steam of the boiler second position.
Step S108:The water spray of desuperheating water is adjusted so that the temperature of steam reaches the second target according to the second target temperature
Temperature.
To cooling down by the steam of the second position by way of spray cooling, in the steaming for determining the boiler second position
After second target temperature of vapour, the water spray of desuperheating water is adjusted so that the temperature of steam reaches second according to the second target temperature
Target temperature, spray cooling can be level-one, or two level, three-level or Multi-stage cooling, in an optional embodiment party
In formula, desuperheating water is sprayed to pipeline by way of three-level cooling in the second position and cooled down to the steam in pipeline.
Optionally, can be according to the water spray of the second target temperature adjustment desuperheating water:Adjust the spray of first order desuperheating water
Water is the first numerical value;The water spray for adjusting second level desuperheating water is second value;And the water spray of adjustment third level desuperheating water
Amount is third value, so as to reach the second target temperature by the temperature of the steam of three-level desuperheat.Wherein, the first numerical value, second
Numerical value and third value can be calculated based on the current temperature of steam and preset algorithm, for example, detection water spray drop
The temperature of steam before temperature, calculate with the difference of target temperature, then according to be calculated the mathematic interpolation first order, the second level and
The water spray of third level desuperheating water, by three-level desuperheat, so that vapor (steam) temperature reaches the second target temperature.
Optionally, the water spray of adjustment first order desuperheating water, which is the first numerical value, can pass through following steps:Detect boiler
The temperature of the outlet vapor of medium temperature overheater;According to the target temperature of preset algorithm and the outlet vapor of the medium temperature overheater of boiler
Calculate the target temperature of the inlet steam of medium temperature overheater;It is steamed according to the target temperature of the inlet steam of medium temperature overheater and entrance
The target water spray of the temperature computation first order desuperheating water of vapour;And the water spray of adjustment first order desuperheating water is sprayed water for target
Amount.
The embodiment uses the first object temperature for the steam for determining boiler first position, wherein boiler is overcritical follows
Circulation fluidized bed boiler, boiler first position are the position of the steam-water separator of boiler;According to first object temperature to first position
The temperature of steam be adjusted;Determine the second target temperature of the steam of the boiler second position, wherein steam first passes through first
By the second position behind position;And the water spray of desuperheating water is adjusted so that the temperature of steam reaches the according to the second target temperature
Two target temperatures, solving the problems, such as that the fluctuation of supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler unit Stream temperature is big influences unit safety, in turn
The safety for improving supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler unit is achieved the effect that.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of ratio of water to coal modification method according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 2, this method include with
Lower step:
Step S201:Determine enthalpy set point.
Enthalpy is an attribute of steam, and at the same temperature, the enthalpy of the identical steam of pressure is identical, therefore passes through enthalpy
The state of steam by temperature characterization sometimes than being more advantageous to calculating in value characterization boiler tubing.Enthalpy set point namely target enthalpy
Value.
Step S202:Calculate intermediate point enthalpy.
The enthalpy of the steam-water separator of intermediate point namely boiler outlet calculates intermediate point enthalpy namely calculates the carbonated drink of boiler
The current enthalpy of separator.
Step S203:PID enthalpies are adjusted.
According to the enthalpy and target enthalpy of current boiler steam-water separator, proportional integral differential is carried out to current steam
(Proportion Integration Differentiation, referred to as PID) enthalpy is adjusted.It is adjusted and is counted by PID enthalpies
It calculates, obtains result of calculation.
Step S204:Coal-water ratio amendment.
Coal-water ratio is modified according to result of calculation, the coal of boiler and the input ratio of water are carried out based on correction result
It corrects, so that the enthalpy of steam reaches the enthalpy of setting.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of water supply instruction generation method according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 3, this method includes
Following steps:
Step S301:Main steam flow calculates.
Main steam flow can be calculated by detecting the relevant parameter of main steam in boiler main steam line, can also root
It is calculated according to actual confluent.
Step S302:Boiler caloric receptivity is corrected.
Boiler caloric receptivity correct the variation of the heat that can be the steam absorbed according to boiler to the vapor (steam) temperature of boiler into
Row is corrected.
Step S303:Flue gas oxygen content amendment.
Flue gas oxygen content can be the oxygen content for the flue gas that boiler combustion generates, and can be extrapolated by the oxygen content of flue gas
The efficiency of combustion of fuel, therefore the influence factor that flue gas oxygen content is also controlled as vapor (steam) temperature.
Step S304:Coal-water ratio amendment.
After calculating main steam flow, coal-water ratio can be calculated by main steam flow, coal-water ratio repair for the first time
Just.Can be the output valve of enthalpy adjuster to the first time amendment that coal-water ratio carries out.
Step S305:Functional operation.
After calculating three corrected parameters influenced on vapor (steam) temperature, functional operation is carried out by preset algorithm,
Obtain confluent.
Step S306:Generate water supply instruction.
Water supply instruction is generated according to the confluent being calculated, confluent is adjusted, to adjust the coal-water ratio of boiler.
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of desuperheating water instruction generation method according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 4, this method packet
Include following steps:
Step S401:Medium temperature overheater entrance steam temperature Tin.
In boiler running process, medium temperature overheater entrance steam temperature Tin is obtained, medium temperature can be detected by temperature sensor
Superheater entrance steam temperature.
Step S402:Medium temperature overheater outlet setting steam temperature Tsp.
Medium temperature overheater outlet setting steam temperature is obtained, setting steam temperature can be set according to specific boiler operation situation also may be used
In the database with pre-set storage.
Step S403:Medium temperature overheater exports steam temperature Tout.
It obtains medium temperature overheater and exports steam temperature, obtaining outlet steam temperature can also be obtained by temperature sensor.
Step S404:Function K (Tsp-Tout)+PTn × Tin.
After the set temperature and actual temperature for obtaining medium temperature overheater outlet, pass through function K (Tsp-Tout)+PTn
× Tin calculates the desired value to entrance steam temperature.
Step S405:PID steam temperatures are adjusted.
Steam temperature is adjusted by PID adjustings by the actual value and desired value of medium temperature overheater entrance steam temperature.
Step S406:Level-one spray desuperheating valve control instruction.
Level-one spray desuperheating valve control instruction is generated according to PID temperature adjustment parameters, control first order spray desuperheating valve
Water spray carries out spray desuperheating to steam.
Above-described embodiment is the control method of first order spray desuperheating, in embodiments of the present invention, a shared three-level water spray
The spray desuperheating of desuperheat, the second level and the third level also uses identical method.
Technical solution of the present invention is explained with reference to specific embodiment:
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of boiler carbonated drink process flow operation according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 5, boiler is east
Boiler factory's independent development type 600MW supercritical once-through boilers, using double air distribution plate list burner hearths, H-type arrangement, balanced draft, primary
Resuperheat, circulating fluidized bed combustion mode adjust burner hearth bed temperature and reheat steam temperature, using height using external heat exchanger
Warm cooling cyclone separator carries out gas solid separation.Integrally symmetrical arrangement, branch are hung on boiler steel frame boiler.
Boiler is made of three parts, and first part is disposed with main circulation loop, including burner hearth, High-temperature cooling formula cyclonic separation
Device, material returning device and external heat exchanger, slag cooler and first and second wind system etc.;Second part arranges back-end ductwork, including
Low temperature superheater, low-temperature reheater and economizer;Part III is the two four points of storehouse rotary regenerative air preheaters individually arranged.
External bed lining is equipped with heating surface, and what is arranged in two external beds of stokehold is high temperature reheater, and intermediate two
A external bed arrangement is medium temperature overheater 2, and what is arranged after stove is medium temperature overheater 1.In back-end ductwork from top to bottom successively
It is disposed with low temperature superheater, low-temperature reheater and economizer.High temperature superheater (pendant superheater) is arranged in upper furnace or so
Both sides.
Superheated steam flow is:Cyclone inlet flue → cyclone separator → rear vertical shaft packet wall → hanging pipe → low
Then warm superheater is introduced into the medium temperature overheater 1 being arranged in external bed and medium temperature overheater 2 by steam connection tube, finally by
Connecting tube is introduced into the high temperature superheater being arranged in burner hearth, and qualified superheated steam leads to steam turbine by exceeding outlet header.
When boiler startup is in the hygrometric state method of operation, the saturated vapor after two steam-water separators detach enters carbonated drink point
From device outlet header, the hydrophobic water tank for then entering two steam-water separator lower parts and sharing.In the boiler most Dalian of load >=30%
After continuous output (Boiler Maximum Continuous Rating, referred to as BMCR), DC operation is primary to rise, and starts
Separator inlet has certain degree of superheat.After boiler enters DC operation mode, micro- superheated steam is through two steam-water separations
Steam-water separator outlet header is fully entered after device.
The adjusting generally use step mode of control of supercritical DC furnace Stream temperature, is generally divided into two sections:First segment is with combustion
The ratio of stream amount and feedwater flow adjusts the temperature of intermediate point in carbonated drink flow, realizes the coarse adjustment of overheating steam temperature;Second segment
Using spray desuperheating device, to ensure boiler overheating steam temperature in the range of requiring.
This Supercritical CFB Boiler superheat steam temperature is used by water/coal ratio and three-level desuperheating water control strategy scheme.Water/
Coal than control temperature be derived from separation and thickening (water cooling wall outlet mixing header temperature 1,2,3) and high temperature superheater (screen
Formula superheater) on temperature, pressure be principal parameter, attemperation water flow deviation (the total attemperation water flow of superheater with design desuperheating water
The difference of amount), the Stream temperature deviation difference of correction value and actual value (Stream temperature give) controlled as amendment.Choose separator
Outlet temperature controls centrum's temperature to adjust Fuel- Water Rate, coarse adjustment Stream temperature as centrum's temperature.Spray desuperheating is adopted
With unity loop control, fine tuning Stream temperature.Superheated steam direct-contact desuperheater is disposed with 6 points of three-level altogether:
The first order is arranged in the connecting tube of low temperature superheater (LTS) and level-one medium temperature overheater (ITS1), for controlling
ITS1 exports steam temperature;The second level is arranged in the connecting tube of level-one medium temperature overheater (ITS1) and two level medium temperature overheater (ITS2)
On, for controlling ITS2 outlet temperatures;The third level is arranged in the company of two level medium temperature overheater (ITS2) and high temperature superheater (HTS)
It takes over, for controlling HTS outlet temperatures.Superheater system spray desuperheating water source is derived from economizer exit.
For this Supercritical CFB Boiler, the feature of main-stream control strategy is as follows:
Superheat steam temperature is controlled by coal-water ratio and three-level spray desuperheating.Adjustment boiler ratio of water to coal is control main steam
The main and coarse adjustment means of temperature, effective control of Stream temperature degree is finally realized by the balanced adjustment of coal amount and confluent.By
In the variation of centrum's temperature (enthalpy) variation of fast reaction ratio of water to coal and the variation tendency of Stream temperature degree can be reacted in advance,
Therefore centrum's temperature is controlled with feedwater flow, is become quickly to control ratio of water to coal by controlling the variation of centrum's temperature (enthalpy)
Change, the temperature is maintained to stablize to ensure the stabilization of main steam temperature.One, two, three desuperheating water is adjusted as Stream temperature degree
Auxiliary and fine tuning means maintain Stream temperature degree to stablize when operating mode changes.
This control program has the following advantages:
First, water supply is adjusted using control methods such as the calculating of advanced enthalpy, enthalpy adjustings.Water supply instruction adjusts tracking master
Vapour flow signal, and be corrected using the enthalpy of intermediate point, intermediate point takes steam-water separator to export, the micro- superheated steam temperature of the point
The response that degree signal disturbs coal-water ratio is more quick, is approximately first order inertial loop.It is oxygen-containing using boiler caloric receptivity and flue gas
Amount is modified water supply command signal.It is adjusted using enthalpy, quickly coal-water ratio can be overcome to disturb, quickly stablize intermediate point
Temperature.
Second, the intermediate point of supercritical pressure boiler is selected in steam-water separator outlet, the reason is that:It can fast reaction fuel quantity
Variation.As the amount of fuel is increased, the radiations heat energy released when water-cooling wall absorbs burning at first, the variation of separator temperature compare according to
By convection heat superheater much faster.It is selected in before three-level attemperator, is not influenced substantially by attemperation water flow variation, i.e.,
Spray water flux is set to be widely varied, the tune sent out by boiler feed capacity=entrance of water-supplying pump flow-spray water flux, centrum's temperature
Section signal still ensures correctly to adjust direction.
In boiler load within the scope of 30%-100%MCR, steam-water separator outlet is in an overheated state always, and temperature is surveyed
It measures accurate, sensitive.Steam-water separator outlet temperature can earlier, it is rapider, be not affected by other factors and reflect main steam temperature
Spend variation tendency.Controlling can faster and accurately reflect that the micro- overheat of parameter-steam-water separator entrance of Fuel- Water Rate variation is steamed
Vapour enthalpy, and then achieve the purpose that control confluent to desired value, ensure the balance and stability of whole system.
When steam-water separator hygrometric state is run, the control mode of boiler is steam-water separator liquid level gauge Minimum Flow Control.When
Steam-water separator dry state is run, and the control mode of boiler switchs to Main Steam Temperature Control and feedwater flow control.
Third, with feedwater flow control centrum's temperature the reason of:Centrum's temperature or the control of enthalpy available fuel amount
It can be controlled with feedwater flow, and super critical boiler, prolonged with fuel regulation centrum's temperature or the control of enthalpy ratio feedwater flow
Chi great.And from boiler thermal stress and boiler life consideration is reduced, dynamic temperature control should be controlled prior to pressure, therefore overcritical
Unit controls centrum's temperature or enthalpy as major programme using feedwater flow.
The knots modification of superheater outlet steam temperature is to export changing for steam temperature by superheater import steam temperature namely direct-contact desuperheater
What variable was realized, under different load or pressure, the same knots modification for exporting steam temperature needs the knots modification of different import steam temperatures,
There are quantitative relationships between steam temperature knots modification at two for this, can be determined by the specific heat capacity of superheater inlet and outlet steam.Such as certain
Under load, superheater inlet steam parameter is 18.5MPa/470 DEG C, specific heat capacity 3.456, and superheater outlet steam parameter is
18MPa/540 DEG C, specific heat capacity 2.907.Therefore, inlet steam enthalpy, which increases 3.456kJ/kg, will improve 1 DEG C of import steam temperature,
Outlet steam temperature, which improves 1 DEG C, then needs outlet vapor enthalpy to increase 2.907kJ/kg, equally increases 3.456kJ/ in outlet vapor enthalpy
In the case of kg, outlet steam temperature will increase 3.456/2.907=1.19 (DEG C), whereas if outlet steam temperature is required to change 1
DEG C, then import steam temperature needs to change 2.907/3.456=0.84 (DEG C), and the ratio of this outlet and inlet steam specific heat capacity is
The regulation coefficient that mouth steam temperature requires import steam temperature.Specific heat capacity and regulation coefficient change with pressure, and pressure increases, and similarly goes out
Mouth steam temperature knots modification requires the variation of larger import steam temperature.The pressure of some interludes does not have measuring point, then needs by neighbouring
Pressure-measuring-point is to establish respective point specific heat capacity according to the pressure for calculating respective point in real time and close on measurement pressure with design calculation
Relationship between power.
5th, the variation of superheater import steam temperature (direct-contact desuperheater outlet steam temperature) was influenced with the dynamic characteristic of superheater
The dynamic change of hot device outlet steam temperature.The deviation (Tsp-Tout) of outlet steam temperature and its setting value is multiplied with regulation coefficient to be converted to
To the adjustment requirement of import steam temperature.After exporting Temperature Deviation generation, PID controller wants the adjustment of import steam temperature as after conversion
It asks and is adjusted, change desuperheat water spray, change import steam temperature Tin.After import steam temperature changes, outlet will be changed by superheater
Steam temperature Tout.Meanwhile the PTnTin that import steam temperature is formed by the superheater characteristic PTn (more holding link) of simulation, in PID tune
The setting value circuit and the practical outlet steam temperature Tout of adjusted fac-tor for saving device are cancelled out each other.The entrance of PID regulator is inclined
Difference is (K (Tsp-Tout)+PTnTin)-Tin, and K is values of the regulation coefficient f (x) under certain pressure.If the superheater of simulation
Characteristic PTn is substantial access to practical superheater characteristic, then in entire dynamic adjustment process setting value circuit (K (Tsp-Tout)+
PTnTin) remain constant substantially, system adjustment performance is sufficiently stable.
6th, which improves the performance of steam temperature adjusting in terms of following two:
A. controlled plant is no longer object with big inertia as quick response object, and parameter tuning is very easy.
B. become conventional steam temperature bunch grade adjustment to adjust into single loop, eliminate interfering with each other between major and minor adjuster, make
The bad possibility of steam temperature regulation quality substantially reduces.
The characteristic PTn of superheater can change with the variation of load, can pass through load and more appearance link time constants
Relation curve realizes the characteristic of the superheater under different load.Superheater characteristic PTn and regulation coefficient are not always very accurate, but
PTnTin can finally be stabilized to Tin, so Tout, which can be adjusted, is stabilized to its set point.This system can meet overcritical
Needs when unit load peak regulation.
In a kind of optional embodiment,
1, superheat steam temperature is controlled by coal-water ratio and three-level spray desuperheating.Adjustment boiler ratio of water to coal is the main steaming of control
The main and coarse adjustment means of stripping temperature, effective control of Stream temperature degree is finally realized by the balanced adjustment of coal amount and confluent.
The variation of centrum's temperature (enthalpy) variation of fast reaction ratio of water to coal and can react the variation tendency of Stream temperature degree in advance.Dimension
It holds the temperature and stablizes the stabilization that just can guarantee main steam temperature.The auxiliary that one, two, three desuperheating water is adjusted as Stream temperature degree
With fine tuning means, Stream temperature degree is maintained to stablize when operating mode changes.
2, centrum's temperature is controlled with feedwater flow:Centrum's temperature or the control of enthalpy available fuel amount also can be used to flow
Amount control, and super critical boiler are big with fuel regulation centrum's temperature or the control delay of enthalpy ratio feedwater flow.And from subtracting
Few boiler thermal stress and boiler life consider that dynamic temperature control should be controlled prior to pressure, therefore supercritical unit is with water supply
Flow control centrum's temperature or enthalpy are major programme.
3, the knots modification of superheater outlet steam temperature is changing by superheater import steam temperature (direct-contact desuperheater outlet steam temperature)
What variable was realized, under different load or pressure, the same knots modification for exporting steam temperature needs the knots modification of different import steam temperatures,
There are quantitative relationships between steam temperature knots modification at two for this, can be determined by the specific heat capacity of superheater inlet and outlet steam.
4, the variation of superheater import steam temperature (direct-contact desuperheater outlet steam temperature) influences overheat with the dynamic characteristic of superheater
Device exports the dynamic change of steam temperature.The deviation (Tsp-Tout) of outlet steam temperature and its setting value is multiplied with regulation coefficient to be converted to pair
The adjustment requirement of import steam temperature.After exporting Temperature Deviation generation, PID controller is the adjustment requirement to import steam temperature after pressing conversion
It is adjusted, changes desuperheat water spray, change import steam temperature Tin.After import steam temperature changes, outlet vapour will be changed by superheater
Warm Tout.
Realize that the above supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler main-stream control scheme, optional embodiment also have:
Water supply instruction generates, and adjusts the position of coal-water ratio debugging functions block, although its specific logic has put sequence not
Together, but its basic ideas is constant.
Level-one desuperheating water instruction generate (two, three-level desuperheating water instruction principle it is identical), the knots modification of superheater outlet steam temperature
It is to be realized by the knots modification of superheater import steam temperature (direct-contact desuperheater outlet steam temperature), outlet steam temperature is inclined with its setting value
Poor (Tsp-Tout) is multiplied the adjustment requirement be converted to import steam temperature with regulation coefficient.After exporting Temperature Deviation generation, PID controls
Device processed is adjusted the adjustment requirement of import steam temperature as after conversion, changes desuperheat water spray, changes import steam temperature Tin.Into
After mouth steam temperature changes, outlet steam temperature Tout will be changed by superheater.Other are by the conventional steam temperature tandem of the change that this principle carries out
It is adjusted to single loop adjusting, no matter the sequence and Parameters variation of its functional block, central principle are identical.
It should be noted that step shown in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings can be in such as a group of computer-executable instructions
It is executed in computer system, although also, logical order is shown in flow charts, and it in some cases, can be with not
The sequence being same as herein executes shown or described step.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of main-stream control devices of supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler unit, this surpasses and faces
The main-stream control device of boundary's Circulating Fluidized Bed Boilers can be used for executing the supercritical circulating fluidized of the embodiment of the present invention
The main-stream control method of bed boiler controller system.
Fig. 6 is the signal of the main-stream control device of supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler unit according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention
Figure, as shown in fig. 6, the device includes:
First determination unit 10, the first object temperature of the steam for determining boiler first position, wherein boiler is super
Critical cycle fluidized-bed combustion boiler, boiler first position are the position of the steam-water separator of boiler.
First adjusts unit 20, for the temperature of the steam of first position to be adjusted according to first object temperature.
Second determination unit 30, the second target temperature of the steam for determining the boiler second position, wherein steam first passes through
It crosses behind first position by the second position.
Second adjusts unit 40, for adjusting the water spray of desuperheating water according to the second target temperature so that the temperature of steam reaches
To the second target temperature.
Optionally, the first adjusting unit 20 includes:The first adjustment module, for adjusting boiler according to first object temperature
Ratio of water to coal, so that the difference of the temperature of the steam of first position and first object temperature is less than preset difference value, wherein ratio of water to coal is
The fuel quantity of boiler and the ratio of confluent.
Optionally, the first determination unit 10 includes:First computing module, the main steam flow for calculating steam in boiler;
Second computing module, caloric receptivity and flue gas oxygen content for calculating boiler;Third computing module, for steam in boiler
Main steam flow, the caloric receptivity of boiler and flue gas oxygen content are calculated according to preset algorithm, obtain first object temperature, and first adjusts
Mould preparation block includes:Determination sub-module, the confluent for determining boiler according to first object temperature;Submodule is generated, root is used for
Water supply instruction is generated to boiler water supply according to confluent.
Optionally, the second adjusting unit 40 includes:Second adjustment module, the water spray for adjusting first order desuperheating water are
First numerical value;Third adjusts module, and the water spray for adjusting second level desuperheating water is second value;And the 4th adjustment mould
Block, the water spray for adjusting third level desuperheating water is third value, so as to reach the by the temperature of the steam of three-level desuperheat
Two target temperatures.
Optionally, second adjustment module includes:Detection sub-module, the outlet vapor of the medium temperature overheater for detecting boiler
Temperature;First computational submodule, for the target temperature according to preset algorithm and the outlet vapor of the medium temperature overheater of boiler
Calculate the target temperature of the inlet steam of medium temperature overheater;Second computational submodule, for being steamed according to the entrance of medium temperature overheater
The target water spray of the target temperature of vapour and the temperature computation first order desuperheating water of inlet steam;And adjustment submodule, it is used for
The water spray for adjusting first order desuperheating water is target water spray.
The embodiment use the first determination unit 10, the first object temperature of the steam for determining boiler first position,
Wherein, boiler is supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler, and boiler first position is the position of the steam-water separator of boiler;First is adjusted
Unit 20, for the temperature of the steam of first position to be adjusted according to first object temperature;Second determination unit 30, is used for
Determine the second target temperature of the steam of the boiler second position, wherein steam first passes through behind first position by the second position;With
And second adjust unit 40, for according to the second target temperature adjust desuperheating water water spray so that the temperature of steam reaches second
Target temperature influences unit safety to solve the problems, such as that the fluctuation of supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler unit Stream temperature is big, into
And the safety for improving supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler unit is achieved the effect that.
Obviously, those skilled in the art should be understood that each module of the above invention or each step can be with general
Computing device realize that they can be concentrated on a single computing device, or be distributed in multiple computing devices and formed
Network on, optionally, they can be realized with the program code that computing device can perform, it is thus possible to which they are stored
Be performed by computing device in the storage device, either they are fabricated to each integrated circuit modules or by they
In multiple modules or step be fabricated to single integrated circuit module to realize.In this way, the present invention is not limited to any specific
Hardware and software combines.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any made by repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of main-stream control method of supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler unit, which is characterized in that including:
Determine the first object temperature of the steam of the first position of boiler, wherein the boiler is supercritical circulating fluidized bed pot
Stove, the first position of the boiler are the position of the steam-water separator of the boiler;
The temperature of the steam of the first position is adjusted according to the first object temperature;
Determine the second target temperature of the steam of the second position of the boiler, wherein the steam first passes through described first
It postpones by the second position;And
The water spray of desuperheating water is adjusted so that the temperature of the steam reaches second target according to second target temperature
Temperature.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, according to the first object temperature to the first position
The temperature of steam be adjusted including:
The ratio of water to coal of the boiler is adjusted according to the first object temperature, so that the temperature of the steam of the first position and institute
The difference for stating first object temperature is less than preset difference value, wherein the ratio of water to coal is the fuel quantity and confluent of the boiler
Ratio.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that,
Determine that the first object temperature of the steam of the first position of the boiler includes:Calculate the main steam flow of steam in the boiler
Amount;Calculate the caloric receptivity and flue gas oxygen content of the boiler;Heat absorption to the main steam flow, the boiler of steam in the boiler
Amount and flue gas oxygen content are calculated according to preset algorithm, obtain the first object temperature,
The ratio of water to coal for adjusting the boiler according to the first object temperature includes:According to first object temperature determination
The confluent of boiler;Water supply instruction is generated to the boiler water supply according to the confluent.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, adjusting the desuperheating water according to second target temperature
Water spray includes:
The water spray for adjusting first order desuperheating water is the first numerical value;
The water spray for adjusting second level desuperheating water is second value;And
The water spray for adjusting third level desuperheating water is third value, so as to reach institute by the temperature of the steam of three-level desuperheat
State the second target temperature.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, the water spray for adjusting the first order desuperheating water is described the
One numerical value includes:
Detect the temperature of the outlet vapor of the medium temperature overheater of the boiler;
The medium temperature mistake is calculated according to the target temperature of the outlet vapor of the medium temperature overheater of preset algorithm and the boiler
The target temperature of the inlet steam of hot device;
According to the first order described in the temperature computation of the target temperature of the inlet steam of the medium temperature overheater and the inlet steam
The target water spray of desuperheating water;And
The water spray for adjusting the first order desuperheating water is the target water spray.
6. a kind of main-stream control device of supercritical circulating fluidized bed boiler unit, which is characterized in that including:
First determination unit, the first object temperature of the steam of the first position for determining boiler, wherein the boiler is super
Critical cycle fluidized-bed combustion boiler, the first position of the boiler are the position of the steam-water separator of the boiler;
First adjusts unit, for the temperature of the steam of the first position to be adjusted according to the first object temperature;
Second determination unit, the second target temperature of the steam of the second position for determining the boiler, wherein the steam
It first passes through behind the first position by the second position;And
Second adjust unit, for according to second target temperature adjust desuperheating water water spray so that the steam temperature
Reach second target temperature.
7. device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that described first, which adjusts unit, includes:
The first adjustment module, the ratio of water to coal for adjusting the boiler according to the first object temperature, so that described first
The temperature for the steam set and the difference of the first object temperature are less than preset difference value, wherein the ratio of water to coal is the boiler
Fuel quantity and confluent ratio.
8. device according to claim 7, which is characterized in that
First determination unit includes:First computing module, the main steam flow for calculating steam in the boiler;Second meter
Calculate module, caloric receptivity and flue gas oxygen content for calculating the boiler;Third computing module, for steam in the boiler
Main steam flow, the boiler caloric receptivity and flue gas oxygen content calculated according to preset algorithm, obtain the first object
Temperature,
The first adjustment module includes:Determination sub-module, for according to the first object temperature determine the boiler to
Water;Submodule is generated, for generating water supply instruction to the boiler water supply according to the confluent.
9. device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that described second, which adjusts unit, includes:
Second adjustment module, the water spray for adjusting first order desuperheating water are the first numerical value;
Third adjusts module, and the water spray for adjusting second level desuperheating water is second value;And
4th adjustment module, the water spray for adjusting third level desuperheating water is third value, so that by the institute of three-level desuperheat
The temperature for stating steam reaches second target temperature.
10. device according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the second adjustment module includes:
Detection sub-module, the temperature of the outlet vapor of the medium temperature overheater for detecting the boiler;
First computational submodule is used for the target of the outlet vapor according to the medium temperature overheater of preset algorithm and the boiler
The target temperature of the inlet steam of medium temperature overheater described in temperature computation;
Second computational submodule, for according to the target temperature of the inlet steam of the medium temperature overheater and the inlet steam
The target water spray of first order desuperheating water described in temperature computation;And
Submodule is adjusted, the water spray for adjusting the first order desuperheating water is the target water spray.
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CN107525057B (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2020-02-14 | 杭州和利时自动化有限公司 | Main steam temperature control method and system |
CN107855210B (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2023-04-25 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Energy-saving optimal control system and method for outlet temperature of medium-speed coal mill of supercritical unit |
CN109915812A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-06-21 | 维恩科仪(北京)机械自动化设备有限公司 | A kind of desuperheat water control system |
CN111582472A (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2020-08-25 | 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Water spray attemperator water spray adjusting method and device based on neural network model |
CN114646051B (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2023-06-23 | 国网湖南省电力有限公司 | Automatic control method and system for water supply of wet running boiler of supercritical thermal power unit |
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