CN106009666B - 一种碳纤维增强双马来酰亚胺泡沫材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种碳纤维增强双马来酰亚胺泡沫材料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种碳纤维增强双马来酰亚胺泡沫材料及其制备方法，包含以下步骤：步骤1、将双马来酰亚胺预聚体与发泡微球进行共混制备双马来酰亚胺发泡预聚体，其中双马来酰亚胺预聚体与发泡微球的比例为90:10～30:70；步骤2、将碳纤维毡浸渍于制备的双马来酰亚胺发泡预聚体中或将碳纤维毡置于传送带上依次通过喷头喷涂双马来酰亚胺发泡预聚体，根据所需厚度不同，将不同数量的处理后的碳纤维毡叠放入模具中，热压发泡成型制备碳纤维增强双马来酰亚胺泡沫复合材料，其中碳纤维毡与双马来酰亚胺发泡预聚体的比例为5:100～200:100。本发明所制备的一种碳纤维增强双马来酰亚胺泡沫材料具有轻质高强的优势。
Description
技术领域
本方法属于树脂复合材料制备领域，具体涉及一种碳纤维增强双马来酰亚胺泡沫材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
聚合物泡沫材料是一类由大量气体微孔分散于固体树脂中形成的高分子材料。气泡与树脂基体的复合赋予了这类材料密度低、比强度高、隔热性能优良、隔音效果好等一系列优良的性能。双马来酰亚胺树脂具有合成工艺简单、结构稳定、力学性能优良、价格低廉，在建筑、船舶、交通等领域具有广泛的应用潜力。碳纤维是一种性能优异的无机非金属增强材料，具有拉伸强度高、弹性系数高、价格便宜等一系列优点。采用碳纤维增强双马来酰亚胺树脂泡沫可以将双马来酰亚胺树脂泡沫低密度与碳纤维的高强度、高模量相结合从而获得一种轻质高强的复合材料。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种以双马来酰亚胺泡沫为基体，碳纤维为增强材料的轻质高强复合材料及其制备方法。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种碳纤维增强双马来酰亚胺泡沫材料，制备方法包含以下步骤：
步骤1、将双马来酰亚胺预聚体与发泡微球进行共混制备双马来酰亚胺发泡预聚体，其中双马来酰亚胺预聚体与发泡微球的比例为90:10～30:70；
步骤2、将碳纤维毡浸渍于制备的双马来酰亚胺发泡预聚体中或将碳纤维毡置于传送带上依次通过喷头喷涂双马来酰亚胺发泡预聚体，将碳纤维毡叠放入模具中，热压发泡成型制备碳纤维增强双马来酰亚胺泡沫复合材料，其中碳纤维毡与双马来酰亚胺发泡预聚体的比例为5:100～200:100。
其中，步骤1中所述的发泡微球是一种核壳结构，外壳为热塑性丙烯酸树脂类聚合物，内核为烷烃类气体组成的球状塑料颗粒。
其中，步骤1中发泡微球的发泡温度为160-180℃。
优选的，双马来酰亚胺预聚体与发泡微球的比例为40:60～60:40。
优选的，碳纤维与双马来酰亚胺发泡预聚体的比例为40:60～60:40。
优选的，碳纤维毡为20-150g/m2。
其中，碳纤维毡浸渍过程中采用刚性滤网作为碳纤维毡的衬底。
根据所需厚度不同，将不同数量的处理后的碳纤维毡叠放入模具中，热压发泡成型制备碳纤维增强双马来酰亚胺泡沫复合材料。
有益效果：
本发明所制备的一种碳纤维增强双马来酰亚胺泡沫材料具有轻质高强的优势。常用的发泡材料一般采用能够产生气体的组分作为发泡剂，发泡过程中发泡剂产生气体形成泡孔，在存在增强纤维的条件下气体易在纤维周围形核、长大，造成增强纤维与基体的分离，本发明采用发泡微球作为发泡剂，发泡微球是一种核壳结构，外壳为热塑性丙烯酸树脂类聚合物，内核为烷烃类气体组成的球状塑料颗粒，受热时微球整体膨胀，可以有效避免普通发泡剂由于气体包裹纤维带来的增强效果的弱化。采用刚性滤网作为衬底可以有效解决碳纤维毡湿强度过低不易取出的问题，碳纤维毡置于传送带上依次通过喷头喷涂双马来酰亚胺发泡预聚体可以有效避免碳纤维毡湿强度过低的问题，同时也易于实现自动化生产。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
以下实施例所采用的主要原料的出处：双马来酰亚胺预聚体购自南京经天纬化工有限公司；发泡微球采用购自仪征市富天贸易有限公司的松本微球，发泡温度160-180℃；碳纤维毡为市购。实施例中所述份数均为质量份数。
实施例1
处方：
双马来酰亚胺预聚体：90份；
松本微球：10份；
碳纤维毡：20g/m2，5份；
制备过程：
(1)、将双马来酰亚胺预聚体与松本微球进行共混制备双马来酰亚胺发泡预聚体，备用；
(2)、将碳纤维毡放置在刚性滤网上浸渍于制备的双马来酰亚胺发泡预聚体中，取出将浸渍后的碳纤维毡放入模具中，将模具放入热压机，在180℃，1Mpa压力下发泡成型制备碳纤维增强双马来酰亚胺泡沫复合材料。
实施例2
处方：
双马来酰亚胺预聚体：30份；
松本微球：70份；
碳纤维毡：150g/m2，200份；
制备过程：
(1)、将双马来酰亚胺预聚体与松本微球进行共混制备双马来酰亚胺发泡预聚体，备用；
(2)、将碳纤维毡置于传送带上依次通过喷头喷涂双马来酰亚胺发泡预聚体，将喷涂后的碳纤维毡放入模具中，将模具放入热压机，在180℃，1Mpa压力下发泡成型制备碳纤维增强双马来酰亚胺泡沫复合材料。
实施例3
处方：
双马来酰亚胺预聚体：50份；
松本微球：50份；
碳纤维毡：50g/m2，100份；
制备过程同实施例1。
实施例4
处方：
双马来酰亚胺预聚体：60份；
松本微球：40份；
碳纤维毡：100g/m2，30份；
制备过程同实施例2。
性能测试
将实施例1-4获得的成品进行制样处理，对制得的试样进行力学性能测试，结果如下表所列。
从主要力学性能测试结果可以看到本发明制备的碳纤维增强双马来酰亚胺泡沫材料具有轻质高强的性能。
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制，任何熟悉本专业的技术人员，在不脱离本发明技术方案范围内，依据本发明的技术实质，对以上实施例所作的任何简单的修改、等同替换与改进等，均仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围之内。
Claims (5)
1.一种碳纤维增强双马来酰亚胺泡沫材料的制备方法，其特征在于：制备方法包含以下两个步骤：
步骤1、将双马来酰亚胺预聚体与发泡微球进行共混制备双马来酰亚胺发泡预聚体，其中双马来酰亚胺预聚体与发泡微球的比例为40:60～60:40；
步骤2、将碳纤维毡浸渍于制备的双马来酰亚胺发泡预聚体中或将碳纤维毡置于传送带上依次通过喷头喷涂双马来酰亚胺发泡预聚体，将碳纤维毡叠放入模具中，热压发泡成型制备碳纤维增强双马来酰亚胺泡沫复合材料，其中碳纤维与双马来酰亚胺发泡预聚体的比例为40:60～60:40；碳纤维毡浸渍过程中采用刚性滤网作为碳纤维毡的衬底；所述的发泡微球是一种核壳结构，外壳为热塑性丙烯酸树脂类聚合物，内核为烷烃类气体组成的球状塑料颗粒。
2.如权利要求1所述的碳纤维增强双马来酰亚胺泡沫材料的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤1中发泡微球的发泡温度为160-180℃。
3.如权利要求1所述的碳纤维增强双马来酰亚胺泡沫材料的制备方法，其特征在于：碳纤维毡单位面积质量为20-150g/m2。
4.如权利要求1所述的碳纤维增强双马来酰亚胺泡沫材料的制备方法，其特征在于：根据所需厚度不同，将不同数量的处理后的碳纤维毡叠放入模具中，热压发泡成型制备碳纤维增强双马来酰亚胺泡沫复合材料。
5.权利要求1-4任一项所制得的碳纤维增强双马来酰亚胺泡沫材料。
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| CN104497473A (zh) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-04-08 | 江苏科技大学 | 一种纤维增强酚醛泡沫复合材料及其制备方法 |
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| CN104497473A (zh) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-04-08 | 江苏科技大学 | 一种纤维增强酚醛泡沫复合材料及其制备方法 |
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