CN106007848A - Active fertilizer capable of promoting sorghum seedling growth and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses active fertilizer capable of promoting sorghum seedling growth and a preparation method thereof. The active fertilizer is produced by rice husk, 20wt% NaOH solution, quail manure, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, enzyme agent, chicken farm litter, rapeseed residue, medical stone powder, pasture straw, ferrous sulfate, ammonium molybdate, silkworm excrement and an appropriate amount of water. Sorghum is high-stalk solid crop and is high in wind resistance, draught and flood resistance and lodging resistance, so that the stalk growth is especially important to the sorghum. The active fertilizer has the advantages that the rice husk is carbonized to obtain a carbonized product rich in water-soluble silicate, the silicate can promote crop rooting and budding and improve stalk growth ability, and accordingly the fertilizer is suitable for the growth of the sorghum and capable of increased sorghum yield.

Description

A kind of active fertilizer promoting sorghum seedling to grow and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to the Technology field of fertilizer, be specifically related to a kind of active fertilizer promoting sorghum seedling to grow and preparation method thereof.

Background technology

Along with expanding economy, chemical fertilizer is increasing in usage amount agriculturally.And crops are low to the utilization rate of chemical fertilizer, utilization rate fertile for N is 30 ~ 35%, utilization rate fertile for P is 10 ~ 20%, the most inevitably cause the environmental pollution of chemical fertilizer, additionally, the Soil structure destruction and the soil fertility that use chemical fertilizer institute band class decline, and the problem of body eutrophication is irreversible.

Element silicon is one of important element necessary to crop growth, the research of element silicon is the most increasingly paid attention to by people, and research is introduced and confirmed: element silicon has that enhancing crop plant stem stalk is sturdy, resistant to lodging, improves disease resistance, anti-soil soil nutrient physiological stress, increase the characteristic such as yield.And rice husk absorbs a large amount of silicon in the growth and development process of Oryza sativa L. from soil, its dioxide-containing silica is up to more than 20% more than, in China, rice husk is a kind of very abundant plant material, and industry uses phosphoric acid method, alkali method to prepare activated carbon, sodium silicate and all achieve certain success.

The most existing a lot of scholars made in-depth study with regard to the problem of rice hull ash, burned the difference of degree according to rice husk, and rice husk ash composition is also not quite similar.Rice husk is after burning completely, carbon therein discharges with the form of carbon dioxide, silicon therein is changed into silicon dioxide, so the carbon produced is not completely transformed into carbon dioxide, therefore in black particle shape, from the point of view of the present Research of comprehensive rice hull ash, the high silicon content that point of penetration is rice hull ash of these researchs and bigger serface.Utilize rice hull ash to react with Caustic soda and produce sodium silicate, production of silica white is reacted with ammonium sulfate, boil rear synthesizing silicon carbide with acid, extract silicon dioxide therein and to utilize rice hull ash to produce the research such as concrete high activity admixture be this characteristic of high silicon content based on rice hull ash.

Summary of the invention

In order to improve the germination percentage of crop seed, promoting growth and the growth of root system of crop seedling, fertilizer of the present invention contains silicates fertilizer as the one used before crop-planting and possesses all above feature, realizes particular by following methods:

A kind of active fertilizer promoting sorghum seedling to grow, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight portion: rice husk 45 ~ 55,20wt%NaOH solution 125 ~ 150, Carnis Coturnicis japonicae excrement 20 ~ 25, calcium magnesium phosphate 6 ~ 10, enzyme agent 2 ~ 3, chicken farm bedding and padding 65 ~ 75, Semen Brassicae campestris slag 20 ~ 25, medical stone powder 15 ~ 20, herbage straw 20 ~ 30, ferrous sulfate 8 ~ 12, ammonium molybdate 6 ~ 8, Bombyx mori L. 10 ~ 16 and appropriate water；

The preparation method of a kind of active fertilizer promoting sorghum seedling to grow, it is characterised in that include following step:

(1) rice husk is first pulverized, be ground into the granule of 10 ~ 20 mesh sieves, put in Muffle furnace, under airtight condition, be heated to temperature 600 ~ 800 DEG C, continue carbonization 6 ~ 8h and obtain carbonizing production；

(2) by the carbonizing production mixing 20wt%NaOH solution described in (1), put in reactor, be heated to 100 ~ 120 DEG C, insulation reaction 4 ~ 5h, must carry out solid-liquid two parts of sucking filtration rich in the carbonizing production solution of silicate to solution, liquid material is standby, and solid-state carbonizing production is dried into powder；

(3) mixing Carnis Coturnicis japonicae excrement, herbage straw and other following residual components being not directed to, sprays the enzyme agents of 10 times of dilutions, controls water content and temperature heap fermentation 20 ~ 25 days, adds (2) gained liquid material ball milling and become to be homogenized；

(4) ferrous sulfate, ammonium molybdate and calcium magnesium phosphate are mixed, stir to being completely dissolved while add waterside, add the carbonizing production described in (2), stirring and adsorbing 20 ~ 30min, be then blended in the homogenate of (3), adjust slurry-spraying pelletizing after water content.

Rice hull ash is utilized by the present invention by emphasis, it is critical only that the silicate using alkali-soluble acid analysis technology that the amorphous silicon in rice hull ash is converted into easy solvent, then test variable concentrations silicon pretreatment is to seed vitality, Root Absorption ability and the impact of young leaflet tablet chlorophyll content, the silicate solubility that test is optimum.

Rice husk is after pyrolysis or burning, and contained silicon is with SiO₂Presented in rice hull ash, through spectrum analysis, siliceous 28%, be converted into SiO₂Content is 60%, and phosphorus content is 39%, the SiO in rice husk₂Can react with soda bath under the conditions of temperature-pressure and generate silicate product:

SiO₂+2NaOH→Na₃SiO ₂+H₂O

Activated carbon is the pore structure with prosperity, has the charcoal of the biggest specific surface area and absorbability, rice hull ash i.e. the rice husk product after carbonization, and phosphorus content improves to more than 90%, and carbonaceous is loose porous, is the excellent material manufacturing activated carbon.The present invention is before this by rice husk drying and crushing, obtain the rice husk granule of certain particle diameter, then the overall Muffle furnace putting into high temperature, adjust temperature and carry out carbonization, must have the activated carbon structure material of certain absorbability, then the NaOH solution that mass fraction is 20% is added, under certain temperature conditions, the reaction regular hour obtains the rice hull ash product containing certain silicate content, simultaneously, rice hull ash also has a lot of granular active carbon granules, there is certain adsorption of modification effect, as the additive of fertilizer, give the probability that fertilizer variation is wireless.

Owing to the high temperature carbonization of Muffle furnace prepares the process of activated carbon granule, carry out under conditions of airtight starvation, consume again certain SiO subsequently with the course of reaction of soda bath₂, consuming SiO₂During on granule, leave again hole, add specific surface area and the space structure of granule, advantageously in adsorption process, proved by test repeatedly: NaOH solution and rice hull ash material ratio are 3:1, response time about 4h, when reaction temperature is 100 DEG C, the optimum dissolution rate obtaining silicate reaches 90.47%.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: Sorghum vulgare Pers. belongs to the high solid crop of stem stalk, there is the strongest keeping out the wind, drought resisting, effect waterlogging, resistant to lodging, therefore the growth of stem stalk is particularly important, and the present invention, by the process to rice hull carbon compound, successfully obtains the carbonizing production rich in water-soluble silicate, silicate can promote that crop takes root, germinate and the ability of raising straw development, be well suited for the growth promoter of Sorghum vulgare Pers., improve yield.

Detailed description of the invention

Embodiment 1:

A kind of active fertilizer promoting sorghum seedling to grow, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight portion (Kg): rice husk 50,20wt%NaOH solution 150, Carnis Coturnicis japonicae excrement 25, calcium magnesium phosphate 8, enzyme agent 2, chicken farm bedding and padding 75, Semen Brassicae campestris slag 20, medical stone powder 15, herbage straw 25, ferrous sulfate 8, ammonium molybdate 6, Bombyx mori L. 10 and appropriate water；

The preparation method of a kind of active fertilizer promoting sorghum seedling to grow, it is characterised in that include following step:

(1) rice husk is first pulverized, be ground into the granule of 10 ~ 20 mesh sieves, put in Muffle furnace, under airtight condition, be heated to temperature 600 ~ 800 DEG C, continue carbonization 6 ~ 8h and obtain carbonizing production；

(2) by the carbonizing production mixing 20wt%NaOH solution described in (1), put in reactor, be heated to 100 ~ 120 DEG C, insulation reaction 4 ~ 5h, must carry out solid-liquid two parts of sucking filtration rich in the carbonizing production solution of silicate to solution, liquid material is standby, and solid-state carbonizing production is dried into powder；

(3) mixing Carnis Coturnicis japonicae excrement, herbage straw and other following residual components being not directed to, sprays the enzyme agents of 10 times of dilutions, controls water content and temperature heap fermentation 20 ~ 25 days, adds (2) gained liquid material ball milling and become to be homogenized；

(4) ferrous sulfate, ammonium molybdate and calcium magnesium phosphate are mixed, stir to being completely dissolved while add waterside, add the carbonizing production described in (2), stirring and adsorbing 20 ~ 30min, be then blended in the homogenate of (3), adjust slurry-spraying pelletizing after water content.

Use a kind of active fertilizer promoting sorghum seedling to grow planting experiment for Sorghum vulgare Pers. of the present invention, fertilizer of the present invention and land for growing field crops subsoil 1:3 ratio are mixed for the laying of field bed, 5 mu of Sorghum vulgare Pers. lands for growing field crops of matched group are left intact, later stage water and fertilizer management all keeps consistent, result proves: the sturdy degree of stem stalk in Sorghum vulgare Pers. germination percentage, speed of germination and the later stage of experimental group will be better than matched group, it is greatly promoted yield, the labor management in later stage and each side are paid wages also relative reduction, it is achieved economic stable lifting.

Claims (2)

1. the active fertilizer promoting sorghum seedling to grow, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight portion: rice husk 45 ~ 55,20wt%NaOH solution 125 ~ 150, Carnis Coturnicis japonicae excrement 20 ~ 25, calcium magnesium phosphate 6 ~ 10, enzyme agent 2 ~ 3, chicken farm bedding and padding 65 ~ 75, Semen Brassicae campestris slag 20 ~ 25, medical stone powder 15 ~ 20, herbage straw 20 ~ 30, ferrous sulfate 8 ~ 12, ammonium molybdate 6 ~ 8, Bombyx mori L. 10 ~ 16 and appropriate water.

The preparation method of a kind of active fertilizer promoting sorghum seedling to grow, it is characterised in that include following step:

(1) rice husk is first pulverized, be ground into the granule of 10 ~ 20 mesh sieves, put in Muffle furnace, under airtight condition, be heated to temperature 600 ~ 800 DEG C, continue carbonization 6 ~ 8h and obtain carbonizing production；

(2) by the carbonizing production mixing 20wt%NaOH solution described in (1), put in reactor, be heated to 100 ~ 120 DEG C, insulation reaction 4 ~ 5h, must carry out solid-liquid two parts of sucking filtration rich in the carbonizing production solution of silicate to solution, liquid material is standby, and solid-state carbonizing production is dried into powder；

(3) mixing Carnis Coturnicis japonicae excrement, herbage straw and other following residual components being not directed to, sprays the enzyme agents of 10 times of dilutions, controls water content and temperature heap fermentation 20 ~ 25 days, adds (2) gained liquid material ball milling and become to be homogenized；

(4) ferrous sulfate, ammonium molybdate and calcium magnesium phosphate are mixed, stir to being completely dissolved while add waterside, add the carbonizing production described in (2), stirring and adsorbing 20 ~ 30min, be then blended in the homogenate of (3), adjust slurry-spraying pelletizing after water content.