CN106007364B - A method of preparing devitrified glass using ardealite - Google Patents

A method of preparing devitrified glass using ardealite Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106007364B
CN106007364B CN201610542097.8A CN201610542097A CN106007364B CN 106007364 B CN106007364 B CN 106007364B CN 201610542097 A CN201610542097 A CN 201610542097A CN 106007364 B CN106007364 B CN 106007364B
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ardealite
devitrified glass
warming
glass
temperature
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CN106007364A (en
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马丽萍
刘红盼
黄小凤
连艳
杨杰
杨静
李健铎
唐剑骁
朱斌
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Kunming University of Science and Technology
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03CCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C1/00Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels
    • C03C1/002Use of waste materials, e.g. slags
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03BMANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B32/00Thermal after-treatment of glass products not provided for in groups C03B19/00, C03B25/00 - C03B31/00 or C03B37/00, e.g. crystallisation, eliminating gas inclusions or other impurities; Hot-pressing vitrified, non-porous, shaped glass products
    • C03B32/02Thermal crystallisation, e.g. for crystallising glass bodies into glass-ceramic articles
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03CCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C1/00Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels
    • C03C1/02Pretreated ingredients
    • C03C1/026Pelletisation or prereacting of powdered raw materials
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03CCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C10/00Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition
    • C03C10/0036Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition containing SiO2, Al2O3 and a divalent metal oxide as main constituents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of methods preparing devitrified glass using ardealite, belong to ardealite recycling field.Ardealite is dry, crushing, uses coal to make the CaSO in ardealite as reducing agent in a nitrogen atmosphere4It decomposes and generates CaO, primary raw materials of the CaO prepared as calcium al-si system devitrified glass, then add SiO2、Al2O3Equal auxiliary materials melt at high temperature, and devitrified glass is prepared by processes such as controlled micro crystallization processing, annealing.Preparation process of the present invention is easy, and raw material is industrial solid castoff, and the devitrified glass produced can be widely used for industry-by-industry, realizes the innoxious of ardealite, recycling and higher value application.

Description

A method of preparing devitrified glass using ardealite
Technical field
A method of devitrified glass being prepared using ardealite, belongs to ardealite recycling field.
Background technology
Ardealite is the by-product of generation during Wet-process phosphoric acid (WPPA), and main composition is gypsum(CaSO4·2H2O), Wherein also contain the crystallization water and SiO2、Al2O3、P2O5、F-Equal impurity.China is used as production of phosphate fertilizer big country, the amount of produced ardealite Also quite huge.It is basic to the disposition of ardealite by the way of stockpiling or filling out sea both at home and abroad, not only cause serious resource Waste also results in potential environmental hazard.It is built currently, being mainly used for brickmaking, plate etc. to the disposal options of ardealite both at home and abroad Material is built, co-producing cement, cement retarder, soil conditioner etc. are produced.The added value of these recycling modes is relatively low.It is micro- Crystal glass is a kind of polycrystalline material for making glass that very thin microstructure crystal be precipitated in Crystallization Process by controlling heat treating regime Material, performance indicator are better than similar glass and ceramic material, as high-grade construction decoration material, have higher added value, profit Devitrified glass is prepared with ardealite, can not only solve the problems, such as the stockpiling of ardealite, also helps the comprehensive utilization of ardealite.
The present invention prepares devitrified glass using ardealite, and devitrified glass is mainly used for the industries such as building materials.Under an inert atmosphere So that decomposing ardealite is generated CaO using reducing agent coal, and makes full use of Al, Si resource in ardealite, P therein2O5And F-It can Nucleating Agent as devitrified glass promotes devitrification of glass.Devitrified glass is generated using ardealite, can not only slow down phosphorous chemical industry work The pressure of industry, and higher economic benefit can be generated.
Patent of invention CN103435319A is disclosed using ardealite base high-strength light building block and its production technology, utilizes phosphorus The apparent density that ardealite base high-strength light building block is made in gypsum is not higher than 1000kg/m3, strength grade reaches MU10 or more, soft Change coefficient and is not less than 0.3.Patent of invention CN101830682A discloses a kind of plastering prepared using building waste and ardealite Mortar, which provides a kind of substituting the method that cement prepares plastering mortar using construction waste powder.Invention is special Sharp CN102659377A disclose it is a kind of preparing heat preservation energy-saving composite phase change energy-storing plasterboard and preparation method thereof using ardealite, It makes full use of composite phase change energy-storing plasterboard made from the gelatification of ardealite to have excellent thermal stability and water proofing property. Patent of invention CN102530886A discloses a kind of method that ardealite prepares sulfuric acid and cement, which is being forged using rotary kiln The tail gas generated when burning preheats raw material, reduces the energy consumption of calcining;And it is passed through hydrogen sulfide gas while calcining For restoring calcium sulfate, reduzate sulfur dioxide is obtained, sulfuric acid is further made.Patent application CN105088347A is disclosed A kind of method preparing crystal whisker of gypsum using solid waste phosphogypsum, which prepares crystal whisker of gypsum using one-step method, right Ardealite washed, centrifugal dehydration, lime neutralisation treatment are pre-processed, then mixed according to a certain percentage with glycerin solution Conjunction is calcined to obtain semi-hydrated gypsum whisker in tube furnace.
It is able to the disclosed patent about ardealite at present, is largely the gelling property system using calcium sulfate in ardealite Standby cementitious slurry, plasterboard, building block etc..Patent of invention CN103482584A and patent application CN101602518A, CN101462699A individually discloses the production technology that calcium oxide is prepared using ardealite, the solid production prepared in these patents Object CaO content >=70wt%, can be used as the raw material of calcium al-si system devitrified glass.The present invention is to prepare CaO using ardealite On the basis of, it prepares and reaches in conjunction with the component analysis of calcium al-si system devitrified glass《JC/T 872-2000 architectural decorations Devitrified glass standard》Devitrified glass product so that ardealite higher value application.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of methods preparing devitrified glass using ardealite, use coal in a nitrogen atmosphere Make the CaSO in ardealite as reducing agent4Be decomposed into CaO, then with SiO2And Al2O3Mixing melts and parent glass is made, then passes through It crosses a series of glass-ceramic process and devitrified glass product is made.Specifically include following steps:
(1)By ardealite(CaSO4Content >=60wt%)And coal(Main component is C, and C content >=40wt%)At 105 DEG C Lower drying, then crush, sieve and be 8 by ardealite and coal quality ratio after 80 ~ 100 mesh sub-sieves excessively:1~15:1 is uniformly mixed, In a nitrogen atmosphere 850 ~ 950 DEG C are warming up to the rate of 9 ~ 12 DEG C/min, then 1100 are warming up to the rate of 3 ~ 5 DEG C/min ~ It 1200 DEG C and 30 ~ 60min of heat preservation, then cools to room temperature to obtain product A(Product A be mixture, main component CaO, separately Also contain the impurity such as Al, Si, P and F outside);SiO is added2、Al2O3Product A is set to account for 28 ~ 50wt%, SiO2Account for 45 ~ 70wt%, Al2O3 Account for 2 ~ 7wt%, product A+SiO2+Al2O3Total amount is 100wt%, is melted at 1400 DEG C after mixing, and heat preservation 120 ~ Then 150min makes annealing treatment 2h at 700 DEG C, be cooled to room temperature and obtain parent glass;
(2)By step(1)Obtained parent glass is warming up to 700 ~ 800 DEG C with the rate of 3 ~ 5 DEG C/min, and keep the temperature 2 ~ 3h, then be warming up to 1000 ~ 1100 DEG C with the rate of 1 ~ 2 DEG C/min and keep the temperature 1.5 ~ 2h, then cooling obtains devitrified glass.
The principle of the present invention:The calcium sulfate in ardealite is set to be decomposed into calcium oxide using reducing agent coal in a nitrogen atmosphere, Its decomposable process is:
CaSO4+2C=CaS+2CO2(1)
3CaSO4+CaS=4CaO+4SO2(2)
According to CaO-Al2O3-SiO2Ternary system phasor, addition auxiliary material SiO2And Al2O3It melts at high temperature, using core Change, devitrified glass is made in crystallization process.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
(1)The present invention controls heating rate in preparation process:Step(1)Control heating rate makes CaSO4 It fully decomposes, makes SO2Effectively release;Step(2)Control heating rate makes the nucleus of inside glass with certain rate Growth, heating rate can make very much crystal grain not have time growth, the too slow then excessive influence properties of product of grain growth of heating rate soon;
(2)The method of the invention, technique is easy, can be made through processes such as high-temperature fusion, controlled micro crystallizations have excellent performance it is micro- Crystal glass;
(3)The higher value application of ardealite can be achieved in the present invention;
(4)The present invention not only realizes the recycling of ardealite, also make full use of the calcium contained in ardealite, aluminium, silicon, The resources such as phosphorus and fluorine, calcium, aluminium, silicon in ardealite are the ultimate constituents of devitrified glass, and phosphorus and fluorine are then micro- in parent glass Play the role of Nucleating Agent in crystallization process, promote inside glass to precipitate crystal, realize the comprehensive utilization of ardealite, is conducive to ring The protection in border.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is devitrified glass apparent form figure prepared by embodiment 1;
Fig. 2 is parent glass DTA prepared by embodiment 1(Differential thermal analysis)Figure;
Fig. 3 is devitrified glass XRD prepared by embodiment 1(X-ray diffraction)Collection of illustrative plates.
Specific implementation mode
It is further full and clear to present invention work with reference to embodiment, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the content.
Embodiment 1
The used ardealite of the present embodiment is the solid waste that Wet Processes of Phosphoric Acid generates, main component such as 1 institute of table Show.
1 ardealite raw material key component of table and mass percent
Take ardealite raw material(CaSO4Content is 92wt%)After natural air drying, with coal sample(C content is 80%)It is placed in baking oven It is crushed again after 105 DEG C of dry 2h, is sized to 90 mesh.
(1)Using ardealite:Coal(Mass ratio)=10:1 is restored in a nitrogen atmosphere, with the heating speed of 10 DEG C/min Rate is warming up to 850 DEG C, then is warming up to 1200 DEG C with the heating rate of 5 DEG C/min, and keeps the temperature 30min, is cooled to room temperature, is produced Object A;SiO is added2And Al2O3, product A is made to account for 30%, SiO2Account for 63%, Al2O37% is accounted for, is melted at 1400 DEG C after mixing And 120min is kept the temperature, then anneal at 700 DEG C 2h, is cooled to room temperature and obtains parent glass;
(2)By step(1)Obtained parent glass is warming up to 800 DEG C with the heating rate of 4 DEG C/min, and keeps the temperature 2h, then 1000 DEG C are warming up to the heating rate of 2 DEG C/min, keeps the temperature 1.5h, rear furnace cooling obtains devitrified glass.
Further feasibility verification is carried out by apparent form, differential thermal analysis and XRD.It is as follows to make a concrete analysis of result:
In Fig. 1 without finding that transparent vitreous body occurs, illustrate that coring, crystal effect are preferable.
To step(1)Parent glass powder obtained carries out differential thermal analysis, and atmosphere is nitrogen atmosphere, and 10 DEG C of heating rate/ Min, ranging from 30 ~ 1150 DEG C, the results are shown in Figure 2, has stronger exothermic peak at 943.5 DEG C, illustrates the formation for having crystal, It can change to crystalline state is stablized in metastable glass.
From the figure 3, it may be seen that in addition to there is the SiO of different crystal forms2(1- quartz and 2- cristobalites in figure)And AlPO4(The positive phosphorus of 3- in figure Sour aluminium), also analyze CaSiO3Two kinds of crystal forms of object phase(4- wollastonite -1A and 5- calcium silicates in figure), illustrate the object phase for having new It generates.
It these results suggest that:Product A and SiO2And Al2O3It is melted at high temperature after mixing, being handled using controlled micro crystallization can obtain To the devitrified glass of a variety of crystalline phases.
Embodiment 2
Take ardealite raw material(CaSO4Content is 60wt%)With lignite(C content is 40wt%)It is placed in the dry 2h of 105 DEG C of baking oven It is crushed again afterwards, is sized to 100 mesh.
(1)Take ardealite:Coal(Mass ratio)=10:1 be uniformly mixed, nitrogen is passed through in tube furnace, in a nitrogen atmosphere into Row reduction, with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min from room temperature to 900 DEG C, then with the heating rate of 5 DEG C/min is warming up to 1200 DEG C, and 45min is kept the temperature, then cool to room temperature with the furnace, obtain product A;SiO is added2And Al2O3, product A is made to account for 28%, SiO2It accounts for 70%、Al2O3Account for 2%, in mixing machine mix 2h to uniformly after, being placed in alumina crucible makes it be melted in high temperature Muffle furnace, It is melted under 1400 DEG C of high temperature and carries out thermal state forming processing after keeping the temperature 150min, then anneal at 700 DEG C 2h, is cooled to Room temperature obtains parent glass;
(2)By step(1)Obtained parent glass is warming up to 730 DEG C with the heating rate of 4 DEG C/min, and keeps the temperature 2.5h, 1080 DEG C are warming up to the heating rate of 2 DEG C/min again, keeps the temperature 1.8h, rear furnace cooling obtains devitrified glass finished product.Its performance Index is as shown in table 2.
Devitrified glass performance indicator made from 2 embodiment 2 of table
Mohs' hardness:It is a kind of standard for describing hardness of mineral, pyramid spark drypoint is drawn using scarification and is tried The surface of mineral and cut occurs.Its numerical value shows that more greatly minerals are harder.
Density:The quality for referring to mineral unit volume, mainly reflects the chemical constituent and crystal structure of mineral.According to mineral The classification of relative density is light grade when relative density is less than 2.5.It is therefore seen that the devitrified glass category prepared by ardealite In light grade mineral.
Acid resistance:Sample is positioned over to the H of 1wt%2SO4In solution, 600h is stood, the mass loss of sample is calculated.It is resistance to Acid numerical value is lower, shows that the acid resistance of sample is better.
Water absorption rate:After sample water suction reaches saturation, the ratio between water and sample dry weight of sucking.It can by the size of water absorption rate To obtain the size of sample porosity.Water absorption rate is lower, and porosity is smaller, and crystal grain is finer and close.
Alkali resistance:Sample is positioned in the NaOH solution of 1wt%, 600h is stood, calculates the mass loss of sample.It is resistance to Alkaline numerical value is lower, shows that the alkali resistance of sample is better.
As can be seen from Table 2, devitrified glass made from the present embodiment belongs to light grade mineral, hardness, acid resistance, water absorption rate, It is superior to natural granite and marble in terms of alkali resistance.
Embodiment 3
Take ardealite raw material(CaSO4Content is 90wt%)With coal(C content is 60wt%)It is placed in after 105 DEG C of dryings of baking oven again It grinds, be sized to 80 mesh.
(1)Using ardealite:Coal(Mass ratio)=8:1 is restored in a nitrogen atmosphere, with the heating rate of 9 DEG C/min 950 DEG C are warming up to, then 1100 DEG C are warming up to the heating rate of 3 DEG C/min, and keeps the temperature 60min, is cooled to room temperature, obtains product A;SiO is added2And Al2O3, product A is made to account for 50%, SiO2Account for 45%, Al2O35% is accounted for, is melted under 1400 DEG C of high temperature after mixing Melt and keep the temperature 130min, then anneal at 700 DEG C 2h, is cooled to room temperature and obtains parent glass;
(2)By step(1)Obtained parent glass is warming up to 700 DEG C with the heating rate of 3 DEG C/min, and keeps the temperature 3h, then 1100 DEG C are warming up to the heating rate of 1 DEG C/min, keeps the temperature 1.5h, postcooling obtains devitrified glass finished product.Its performance indicator is such as Shown in table 3.
Devitrified glass performance indicator made from 3 embodiment 3 of table
As can be seen from Table 3, devitrified glass made from the present embodiment belongs to light grade mineral, hardness, acid resistance, water absorption rate, It is superior to natural granite and marble in terms of alkali resistance.
Embodiment 4
Take ardealite raw material(CaSO4Content is 75wt%)With coal(C content is 90wt%)It is placed in after 105 DEG C of dryings of baking oven again It is crushed, is sized to 85 mesh.
(1)Using ardealite:Coal(Mass ratio)=15:1 is restored in a nitrogen atmosphere, with the heating speed of 12 DEG C/min Rate is warming up to 900 DEG C, then is warming up to 1200 DEG C with the heating rate of 4 DEG C/min, and keeps the temperature 50min, is cooled to room temperature, is produced Object A;SiO is added2And Al2O3, product A is made to account for 40%, SiO2Account for 57%, Al2O33% is accounted for, after mixing under 1400 DEG C of high temperature 135min is melted and keeps the temperature, then anneal at 700 DEG C 2h, is cooled to room temperature and obtains parent glass;
(2)By step(1)Obtained parent glass is warming up to 780 DEG C with the heating rate of 5 DEG C/min, and keeps the temperature 2h, then 1050 DEG C are warming up to the heating rate of 1 DEG C/min, keeps the temperature 2h, postcooling obtains devitrified glass finished product.Its performance indicator such as table 4 It is shown.
Devitrified glass performance indicator made from 4 embodiment 4 of table
As can be seen from Table 4, devitrified glass made from the present embodiment belongs to light grade mineral, hardness, acid resistance, water absorption rate, It is superior to natural granite and marble in terms of alkali resistance.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of method preparing devitrified glass using ardealite, it is characterised in that carry out as follows:
(1)Ardealite and coal are uniformly mixed, CaSO in ardealite4Content >=60wt%, content >=40wt% of C, phosphorus stone in coal The mass ratio of cream and coal is 8:1~15:1, in a nitrogen atmosphere 850 ~ 950 DEG C are warming up to the rate of 9 ~ 12 DEG C/min, then with 3 ~ The rate of 5 DEG C/min is warming up to 1100 ~ 1200 DEG C, and heat preservation 30 ~ 60min postcoolings obtain product A to room temperature;SiO is added2、 Al2O3It is melted at 1400 DEG C after mixing, and keeps the temperature 120 ~ 150min, then anneal at 700 DEG C 2h, is cooled to room Temperature obtains parent glass;
(2)By step(1)Obtained parent glass is warming up to 700 ~ 800 DEG C with the rate of 3 ~ 5 DEG C/min, and keeps the temperature 2 ~ 3h, then 1000 ~ 1100 DEG C are warming up to the rate of 1 ~ 2 DEG C/min, keeps the temperature 1.5 ~ 2h, then cooling obtains devitrified glass.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that:Step(1)Middle ardealite and coal are done at 105 DEG C in advance It is dry, and it is crushed to 80 ~ 100 mesh.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that:Step(1)In by product A account for 28 ~ 50wt%, SiO2Account for 45 ~ 70wt%、Al2O3It accounts for 2 ~ 7wt% to be mixed, product A+ SiO2+ Al2O3Total amount is 100wt%.
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CN113461329A (en) * 2021-07-23 2021-10-01 贵州应用技术职业学院 Phosphogypsum-based transparent glass and preparation method thereof
CN113387574A (en) * 2021-07-23 2021-09-14 贵州应用技术职业学院 Phosphogypsum-based black glass and preparation method thereof
CN113387571A (en) * 2021-07-23 2021-09-14 贵州应用技术职业学院 Phosphogypsum-based blue glass and preparation method thereof
CN115093115A (en) * 2022-06-16 2022-09-23 贵州应用技术职业学院 Method for preparing brown glass by using industrial waste residue phosphogypsum

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