CN106006828A - Method for promoting photochemical reduction of CO2 and N2 by using sodium sulfite - Google Patents

Method for promoting photochemical reduction of CO2 and N2 by using sodium sulfite Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106006828A
CN106006828A CN201610351261.7A CN201610351261A CN106006828A CN 106006828 A CN106006828 A CN 106006828A CN 201610351261 A CN201610351261 A CN 201610351261A CN 106006828 A CN106006828 A CN 106006828A
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sodium sulfite
reduction
feature
photochemical systems
ultra
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CN106006828B (en
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张礼知
蔡乐娟
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Huazhong Normal University
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Huazhong Normal University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/30Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
    • C02F1/32Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/70Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by reduction
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/16Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2305/00Use of specific compounds during water treatment
    • C02F2305/10Photocatalysts

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for promoting photochemical reduction of CO2 and N2 by using sodium sulfite. The method comprises the following steps: adding sodium sulfite into water; introducing CO2 or N2; controlling the pH value of the system to 5.0-9.0; and performing ultraviolet irradiation on the system to realize reduction of CO2 and N2 in an ultraviolet irradiation condition enabling a photosensitive reaction of the sodium sulfite. In the method, inert molecule activation obstacle in traditional photochemical system is solved, and the 'bottleneck reaction' in the CO2 reduction and nitrogen fixation processes is overcome; and moreover, the whole reaction process is performed in a water phase, and an organic sacrificial agent is not needed. When applied to CO2 reduction and nitrogen fixation reactions, the method has the advantages of high efficiency, high selectivity, environmental friendliness, no secondary pollution and the like.

Description

One utilizes sodium sulfite to promote photoreduction CO2And N2Method
Technical field
The invention belongs to photochemistry field, be specifically related to a kind of CO2And N2Photochemical reduction method, it is adaptable to the energy, environment Exploitation Deng gas resource available in field.
Background technology
The burning of Fossil fuel remains current topmost energy supply means, but is as the continuous exploitation of the resource-type energy, China The energy and shortage of resources national conditions the severeest.Meanwhile, along with a large amount of CO during the use of fossil-fueled2Release, greatly CO in gas2The rising of concentration causes the insulation effect of earth surface further substantially, result in the appearance of global warming phenomenon.Cause This, developing while new alternate resources, solve the greenhouse gases that resource consumption brought exceed standard, the ring such as trade waste pollution Border problem is imperative.
It is known that CO2And N2It is two kinds of gases that in air, content is more, and carbon, the nitrogen contained by both gas is first Necessary basic element in element or industrial and agricultural production.Carbon compound is not only and is constituted the basic of organism, or Main energy supply material;And nitrogen element is except participating in organism protein, the composition of hormone, the metabolism of regulation organism, The also production with the chemicals such as chemical fertilizer, pesticide is closely related.Therefore, under mild conditions, it is achieved CO2And N2Molecule Effectively utilize most important for building a resource-conserving society.In recent years, researchers have developed a series of CO2And N2 Method of reducing, wherein homogeneous photoreduction gains great popularity owing to it is simple to operate and conversion efficiency is high.But, present stage CO2And N2Reduction reaction is still faced with many obstructions: (1) CO2And N2The physicochemical properties of molecule are relatively stable, molecule Structural rearrangement needed for activation can be high, such as CO2The single electron activation barrier of reduction is up to-1.9V.Therefore, higher activation Potential barrier becomes CO2And N2" the reaction bottleneck " of reduction reaction.(2)CO2Or N2It is former that the generation of reduzate generally requires hydrogen Son or the participation of proton, and traditional photochemical systems typically use organic sacrificial agent as hydrogen atom and proton donor, such as three Ethamine, triethanolamine and Tricyclic amine etc..The use of organic sacrificial agent and organic solvent not only adds the cost of reduction reaction, instead The discharge answering waste material also adds burden to environmental improvement.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is the deficiency for conventional, prior art, it is provided that a kind of with water as proton donor, profit Photoreduction CO is promoted with sodium sulfite2And N2New method.The inventive method utilizes the high energy that sodium sulfite photodissociation produces Aqueous electron and hydrogen atom, it is achieved that CO2And N2The direct activation of molecule, overcome tradition photochemical systems in " bottleneck is anti- Should ".Meanwhile, this method has also abandoned traditional organic sacrificial agent, is successfully realized CO in water environment economic, that clean2 To HCOOH and N2To NH4 +Efficient Conversion, have efficiently, environmental friendliness, selectivity height, non-secondary pollution etc. excellent Point.
The present invention solves that the technical scheme that problem set forth above is used is:
One utilizes sodium sulfite to promote photochemical systems reduction CO2And N2Method, it is characterised in that: in water add Asia Sodium sulfate, and it is passed through CO2Or N2, controlling system pH is 5.0~9.0, at the purple that can make sodium sulfite generation photosensitivity reaction Under the conditions of external exposure, system is carried out ultra-vioket radiation and realize CO2And N2Reduction.
By such scheme, the concentration of described sodium sulfite is 25~100 mM/ls.
By such scheme, described system pH is preferably controlled to 6.5-7.5.Described system pH is adjusted by dilute sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide Joint.
By such scheme, the wavelength of described ultra-vioket radiation light source need to be less than 270nm.
By such scheme, it is stirred system before described ultra-vioket radiation making its mix homogeneously.
By such scheme, described CO2Reduzate is HCOOH;N2Reduzate is NH4 +
By such scheme, described CO2Or N2Gas first passes through the Drexel bottle including redistilled water, then passes to Na2SO3Molten Liquid system is reduced.Thus can avoid along with reaction is carried out, Na2SO3Solution evaporation excessive velocities.
The method utilizes Na2SO3As sensitiser absorption ultraviolet light, and generate high energy aqueous electron.Meanwhile, Na2SO3Pass through Hydrolysis is captured the proton in water and is generated NaHSO3, NaHSO3Hydrogen atom can be quickly produced under the attack of aqueous electron. The reduction of inert molecule is realized under the synergism of hydrogen atom and high energy aqueous electron.As at CO2In reduction experiment, hydration electricity Son can direct and CO2Molecule combines, by CO2Molecule effective activation is to CO2 ·-.Then, the hydrogen atom in system and CO2 ·- Spontaneous combination generates HCOOH, and this system HCOOH cumulative production of four hours is about 26mg/L.At N2Reduction experiment In, first it is hydrogen atom and N2In conjunction with completing N2Activation, then via a series of hydrogen atom additive reaction generate N2H4 Molecule.Finally, N2H4Molecule is eventually converted into NH by follow-up electronics-proton translocation approach4 +, this system eight hours NH4 +Cumulative production is 6.65mg/L.At N2In reduction experiment, NaHSO3Not only contribute to the generation of system hydrogen atom, its More weak proton affinity also makes NaHSO3Become and compare H2The proton donor that O is the most excellent.Thus aqueous electron and NaHSO3N can be effectively facilitated respectively as electron donor and proton donor2Electronics-proton translocation approach in reduction experiment Occur, thus accelerate N2H4Molecule is to NH4 +Conversion.
It is an advantage of the current invention that:
1、Na2SO3Being the conventional raw material of industry, its preparation method is the most ripe, wide material sources, and its photoreaction converts and produces eventually Thing is Na2SO4, do not result in secondary pollution.
2, reaction condition is gentle, and normal temperature and pressure gets final product fast reaction, it is not necessary to complex appts, simple to operate, without dangerous, and nothing Professional need to be engaged to operate.
3, the proton donor of reaction is water, it is not necessary to organic sacrificial agent and the addition of organic solvent, environmentally friendly.
4, the present invention uses Na2SO3Making photosensitizer, can not only induce the generation of high energy aqueous electron, it further hydrolyzes product Thing NaHSO3Can also the producing and follow-up proton transfer of promotion system active hydrogen atom, thus increase substantially CO2With N2Reduction efficiency.This system has higher selectivity of product, and its reduction effect is substantially better than common KI photoreduction System.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the CO of the inventive method and KI photoreduction system2Reducing property comparison diagram;
Fig. 2 is the inventive method variable concentrations Na2SO3HCOOH yield affected figure;
Fig. 3 is that the inventive method different pH condition affects figure to HCOOH yield;
Fig. 4 is the N of the inventive method and KI photoreduction system2Reducing property comparison diagram;
Fig. 5 is that the inventive method different pH condition is to NH4 +Yield affect figure;
Fig. 6 is the inventive method variable concentrations Na2SO3To NH4 +Yield affect figure;
Detailed description of the invention
Below by being embodied as case to describe the summary of the invention of the present invention in detail, described specific embodiment is only in order to explain The present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1CO2It is reduced to HCOOH
For CO2The reduction of molecule and utilization, with the high-purity CO of business2For reacting gas, HCOOH is target product.Select Na2SO3For photosensitizer, under the irradiation of 254nm uviol lamp, measure the CO of the method2Reducing property.Step is as follows:
Take the Na of 50mmol/L2SO3Solution 50mL, is continually fed into high-purity CO wherein2Gas, during ventilation a length of 40 points Clock, gas flow rate is 30 ml/min, makes the pH value of system tend to neutral).Solution mixing is made all by magnetic stirrer Even, rotating speed is 400rpm.254nm ultra-vioket radiation (light source power is 16W), investigates Na2SO3Photo catalytic reduction CO2 Performance.Simultaneously with tradition KI photoreduction system as control experiment, result is shown in Fig. 1.Shown in Fig. 1, during reaction 4h, The yield of HCOOH has reached 26mg/L, is far longer than KI photochemical systems;The quantum yield of whole photochemical systems is 0.022mol/einstein, for 10 times of KI photochemical systems.
The Na that embodiment 2 is different2SO3Reduction CO under concentration2For HCOOH
The Na of 25mmol/L, 50mmol/L, 75mmol/L, 100mmol/L it is respectively with concentration2SO3Aqueous solution is anti- Answer medium, be passed through CO wherein2To saturated, now, primary response solution ph is about 7.0.Then purple at 254nm Under outer light irradiation, evaluate different Na2SO3Concentration photochemistry CO to this system2The impact of reducing property, result is shown in Fig. 3. As in figure 2 it is shown, Na2SO3When concentration is 75mmol/L, the CO of this system2Reducing property is optimal.Na2SO3Concentration is 50 During mmol/L, Na2SO3Put into and the output ratio of HCOOH is maximum.
Embodiment 3 reduces CO under different pH condition2For HCOOH
Na with concentration as 50mmol/L2SO3Aqueous solution is reaction medium, is passed through CO wherein2To saturated, then add respectively The original ph entering dilute sulfuric acid or sodium hydrate regulator solution is 5.0,7.0 and 9.0.Then under 254nm ultra violet lamp Evaluate photochemistry CO of this system2Reducing property, result is shown in Fig. 3.As it is shown on figure 3, the CO under neutrallty condition2Reducing property Most preferably.
Embodiment 4N2It is reduced to NH4 +
For N2The reduction of molecule and utilization, with business high-purity N2For gas source, NH4 +For target product.Select Na2SO3For photosensitizer, under the irradiation of 254nm uviol lamp, measure the fixed nitrogen performance of the method.
Take the Na of 100mmol/L2SO3Solution 250mL, is continually fed into high-purity N wherein2Gas.Then adjust with dilute sulfuric acid Joint system pH, makes the pH value of system tend to neutral.254nm ultra-vioket radiation (light source power is 16W), investigates Na2SO3Photo catalytic reduction N2Performance.Making solution mix homogeneously by magnetic stirrer, rotating speed is 400rpm.Simultaneously Fig. 4 is seen for control experiment group, result with tradition KI photoreduction system.Shown in Fig. 4, during reaction 8h, NH4 +Product Amount has reached 6.65mg/L, and the quantum yield of its photochemical systems is 0.245mol/einstein, is far longer than KI photochemistry also The fixed nitrogen performance (λ=254nm) of substance system.
Embodiment 5 reduces N under different pH condition2For NH4 +
Sodium sulfite aqueous solution with concentration as 100mmol/L, as reaction medium, each leads into N the most again2To saturated, then The initial pH being added thereto to dilute sulfuric acid regulation solution is respectively 5.0,7.0 and 9.0.Evaluate under 254nm ultra violet lamp The photochemistry fixed nitrogen performance of this system, result is shown in Fig. 5.As it is shown in figure 5, the fixed nitrogen performance under neutrallty condition is optimal.
Embodiment 6N2It is reduced to NH4 +
Sodium sulfite aqueous solution with concentration as 50mmol/L, as reaction medium, is continually fed into high-purity N wherein2Gas.So Afterwards with dilute sulfuric acid regulation system pH value, the pH value of system is made to tend to neutral.(light source power is 16 to 254nm ultra-vioket radiation W), Na is investigated2SO3Photo catalytic reduction N2Performance, result shows: reaction 8h time, NH4 +Yield reached 1.07 mg/L.Result is shown in Fig. 6.

Claims (7)

1. one kind utilizes sodium sulfite to promote photochemical systems reduction CO2And N2Method, it is characterised in that: in water add Sodium sulfite, and it is passed through CO2Or N2, controlling system pH is 5.0~9.0, can make sodium sulfite generation photosensitivity reaction CO is realized by system is carried out ultra-vioket radiation under the conditions of ultra-vioket radiation2And N2Reduction.
The most according to claim 1 utilize sodium sulfite promote photochemical systems reduction CO2And N2Method, its feature It is: the concentration of described sodium sulfite is 25~100 mM/ls.
The most according to claim 1 utilize sodium sulfite promote photochemical systems reduction CO2And N2Method, its feature It is: described system pH controls as 6.5-7.5.
The most according to claim 1 utilize sodium sulfite promote photochemical systems reduction CO2And N2Method, its feature It is: the wavelength of described ultra-vioket radiation light source need to be less than 270nm.
The most according to claim 1 utilize sodium sulfite promote photochemical systems reduction CO2And N2Method, its feature It is: be stirred system before described ultra-vioket radiation making its mix homogeneously.
The most according to claim 1 utilize sodium sulfite promote photochemical systems reduction CO2And N2Method, its feature It is: described CO2Reduzate is HCOOH;N2Reduzate is NH4 +
The most according to claim 1 utilize sodium sulfite promote photochemical systems reduction CO2And N2Method, its feature It is: described CO2Or N2Gas first passes through the Drexel bottle including redistilled water, then passes to Na2SO3Solution system enters Row reduction.
CN201610351261.7A 2016-05-25 2016-05-25 It is a kind of to promote photoreduction CO using sodium sulfite2And N2Method Expired - Fee Related CN106006828B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108726658A (en) * 2018-04-13 2018-11-02 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 A method of antimony being recycled from quinquevalence antimony water body using sulfide

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101732987A (en) * 2008-11-21 2010-06-16 中国石油大学(北京) Method for photocatalytic reduction of carbon oxide
CN103787448A (en) * 2014-02-20 2014-05-14 南京大学 Denitrification method combining denitrification agent and ultraviolet light

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101732987A (en) * 2008-11-21 2010-06-16 中国石油大学(北京) Method for photocatalytic reduction of carbon oxide
CN103787448A (en) * 2014-02-20 2014-05-14 南京大学 Denitrification method combining denitrification agent and ultraviolet light

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108726658A (en) * 2018-04-13 2018-11-02 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 A method of antimony being recycled from quinquevalence antimony water body using sulfide

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