CN106001866A - Welding deformation control method of large thick-wall box body component - Google Patents
Welding deformation control method of large thick-wall box body component Download PDFInfo
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- CN106001866A CN106001866A CN201610539083.0A CN201610539083A CN106001866A CN 106001866 A CN106001866 A CN 106001866A CN 201610539083 A CN201610539083 A CN 201610539083A CN 106001866 A CN106001866 A CN 106001866A
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- welding
- deformation
- weld
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- box body
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/003—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to controlling of welding distortion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/173—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a consumable electrode
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/23—Arc welding or cutting taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
Abstract
The invention relates to a welding deformation control method of a large thick-wall box body component. The method comprises following five steps: firstly, before welding, an assembly reference platform is prefabricated on the welding side of a box body plate, and the influence of warping or the uneven wall thickness of the box body plate on the welding gap is removed; secondly, before welding, a welding groove is designed to be of a double-angle V-shaped structure, and the welding line metal filling amount and the welding heat input amount in the subsequent welding process can be reduced; thirdly, during pre-welding assembly, a flexible welding deformation control tool is prefabricated in a box body; fourthly, in the welding process, welding lines on the two sides of a transverse plate of the same box body are subject to symmetric welding application at the same time; and fifthly, in the welding process, according to the transverse shrinkage amount of the welding lines of the box body, the transverse elongation amount of the flexible welding deformation control tool is adjusted to control the transverse opening size of an inner cavity of the box body component, and further, the bending deformation amount of a box body vertical plate is controlled. Finally, the welding deformation control method can effectively control the welding deformation amount of the large thick-wall box body component.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method controlling large thick-wall box component gas metal-arc welding welding deformation amount.
Background technology
Large thick-wall box component is formed by two pieces of transverse slats and two pieces of riser weldings, is widely used in the fields such as nuclear power, space flight, boats and ships.Generally speaking, the welding deformation amount that large thick-wall box component is allowed is less, and the bending deformation quantity as required postwelding box plate overall by the rectangular box component that stainless steel materials welding forms and overall dimensions is 8m × 1.9m × 1.5m thick for 40mm in superconduction feeder system (Feeder) is less than 5mm.
At present, the weld seam form of the gas metal-arc welding of large thick-wall box component is generally angle butt weld, and due to the internal welding limited space of box component, bevel for welding form single angle " V " that generally one side (outside) is traditional or " U " type groove.It addition, for controlling welding deformation, often the inner chamber at box component pre-installs rigid tooling.Four angle weldings causing more greatly box component in welding process because of welding capacity produce bigger contraction, but the rigid tooling of inner chamber constrains box plate to offset towards cabinets cavity, ultimately results in postwelding box plate and is bent outwardly the most obvious.
Summary of the invention
For the bandy problem of box plate occurring after solving large thick-wall box component gas metal-arc welding; the invention provides a kind of large thick-wall box component welding deformation controlling method, it is possible to reduce large thick-wall box component welding deformation amount in gas metal-arc welding termination process.
It is an object of the invention to provide the control method of a kind of large thick-wall box component welding deformation, by prefabrication and assembly construction reference platform and before weldering, during assembling, the elongation of regulation flexible welding Deformation control frock welds the precision of front assembling to control box component, weld shrinkage is reduced by " V " type bevel for welding of the double angle of design, by symmetry, welding makes the contraction of box component four angle welding more synchronize and reduces casing transverse slat bending deformation quantity in turn, grade size is laterally opened to reduce the bending deformation quantity of casing riser according to weld seam cross-direction shrinkage amount regulation casing element cavity, described control method includes following five steps:
1) before welding, at box plate welding edge prefabrication and assembly construction reference platform, eliminate box plate warpage or the even impact on welded gaps of wall unevenness, and be easy to the measurement of weld shrinkage in follow-up welding process;
2) before welding, bevel for welding is designed to " V " type structure of double angle, reduces the weld metal loading in follow-up welding process and thermal weld stress amount, and then reduce the amount of contraction of commissure;
3) before weldering during assembling, flexible welding Deformation control frock is pre-installed at box house, and controlling the welded gaps in weld seam total length by the elongation of regulation flexible welding Deformation control frock and cabinets cavity opens a grade size, it is ensured that before weldering, after assembling, the welded gaps in weld seam total length more uniformly and improves cabinets cavity and opens assembly precision before the weldering of grade size;
4) in welding process, two side welds of same casing transverse slat symmetrical welding simultaneously, and timely another transverse slat two side weld of overturning cabinet component welding in turn, make casing transverse slat in welding process substantially occur without flexural deformation, and guarantee that the contraction of two weld seams of contraction and bottom of two weld seams in box component top more synchronizes;
5) in welding process, according to casing weld seam cross-direction shrinkage amount regulation flexible welding Deformation control frock transverse extension amount with control casing element cavity laterally open a grade size, make box component inner chamber laterally open reduction amount and the weld seam cross-direction shrinkage amount basic synchronization of grade size, reduce the bending deformation quantity of casing riser.
Further, before the welding of described step 1), according to the warpage in sheet material welding edge total length, Thickness Distribution situation and weld seam load requirement, at box component sheet material welding edge prefabrication and assembly construction reference platform.
Further, described step 2) before welding, it is designed to comprise θ by bevel for welding1And θ2Double angles " V " the type structure of two bevel angles, θ1Determined by ignition tip extension elongation, the effective protection domain of protective gas, θ2Determine according to torch neck diameter, reduce the cross-sectional area of bevel for welding, reduce the weld metal loading in welding process and thermal weld stress amount, and then reduce weld shrinkage.
Further, before the weldering of described step 3) during assembling, box house corner, pre-install flexible welding angular deformation on riser and transverse slat respectively and control frock, flexible welding transversely deforming controls frock and flexible welding linear deformation controls frock, then the elongation controlling to connect in frock riser by regulating Welding Angular Deformation controls welded gaps, by regulation flexible welding transversely deforming control frock and flexible welding transversely deforming control the elongation control chamber intracoelomic cavity respectively of frock horizontal and vertical open a grade size, finally, before weldering, after assembling, the welded gaps in weld seam total length is the most uniform, and substantially occur without flexural deformation after assembling before box plate weldering.
Further, in described step 4) welding process, same transverse slat two side weld simultaneously symmetrical welding, and before welding the phase be often soldered a time weld seam and need overturning cabinet component to carry out another transverse slat two side weld welding, the follow-up welding road number of times that may gradually increase box component upset interval.
Further, in described step 5) welding process, when box component top is identical with bottom welding seam welding road number of times, the cross-direction shrinkage amount of butt welded seam measures, then the elongation connecting riser elongation and flexible welding transversely deforming control frock reduced in time in flexible welding angular deformation control frock according to weld seam cross-direction shrinkage amount laterally opens a grade size with regulating box intracoelomic cavity, make box component inner chamber laterally open the reduction amount of grade size basically identical with weld seam cross-direction shrinkage amount, control the bending deformation quantity of casing riser.
Compared with prior art, a kind of large thick-wall box component welding deformation controlling method of the present invention, by prefabrication and assembly construction reference platform and before weldering, during assembling, the elongation of regulation flexible welding Deformation control frock welds the precision of front assembling to control casing, weld shrinkage is reduced by " V " type bevel for welding of the double angle of design, make the contraction of box component four angle welding more synchronize by symmetry, in turn welding and reduce casing transverse slat bending deformation quantity, laterally opening grade size to reduce the bending deformation quantity of casing riser according to weld seam cross-direction shrinkage amount regulation casing element cavity.Finally, the present invention effectively controls large thick-wall box component welding deformation amount.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is reference for assembling platform and the bevel for welding schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the flexible welding Deformation control frock assembling schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the casing welding process schematic of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the weld shrinkage instrumentation plan of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is described in further detail with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.Should be understood that following example are merely to illustrate the present invention not for limiting the scope of the present invention.
Now describe the detailed process implemented according to the present invention in detail, including five following steps.
(1) before welding, according to the warpage in sheet material welding edge total length, Thickness Distribution situation and weld seam load requirement, at the prefabricated reference for assembling platform of sheet material welding edge, h × w platform as shown in Figure 1.Wherein, h and w is respectively the depth and width of reference for assembling platform.After sheet material prefabrication and assembly construction reference platform, sheet material welding edge warpage or the even impact on welded gaps of wall unevenness during assembling before eliminating weldering, and can more accurately measure the amount of contraction of weld seam in follow-up welding process with this platform for measuring plane.
(2), before welding, bevel for welding is designed to double angle and (comprises θ1And θ2Two angles) " V " type structure, as shown in Figure 1.Wherein, the angle, θ shown in Fig. 11Determine according to ignition tip extension elongation, the effective protection domain of protective gas with degree of depth s, angle, θ2Determine according to torch neck diameter.Single angle " V " groove that the cross-sectional area of double angles " V " type groove is more traditional little, required weld metal loading is less, and then reduces thermal weld stress amount, finally reduces weld shrinkage.
(3) before weldering during assembling, pre-install flexible welding angular deformation control frock (Fig. 2 (a)) on box house corner, riser and transverse slat respectively, flexible welding transversely deforming controls frock (Fig. 2 (b)) and flexible welding linear deformation controls frock (Fig. 2 (c)).
The keyset 3 that three kinds of flexible welding Deformation control frocks all use screw 5 connecting tooling and are welded on casing transverse slat 2 or on riser 1, regulates frock elongation by bull stick 4 turn screw rod 6 and controls box plate and move.It addition, flexible welding angular deformation controls the connection riser 7 in frock and connection transverse slat 8 is mutually perpendicular to, it is ensured that the perpendicularity of casing corner during assembling before weldering.Before weldering during assembling, the elongation connecting riser 7 controlled in frock by regulation flexible welding angular deformation makes the welded gaps in weld seam total length more uniform, and controls frock by regulation flexible welding linear deformation and flexible welding transversely deforming controls that the elongation of frock controls casing element cavity vertical and horizontal respectively opens a grade size.Finally, control the welded gaps in weld seam total length by the elongation of the flexible welding Deformation control frock of regulation box house prepackage and cabinets cavity opens a grade size, avoid that welded gaps is uneven causes weld shrinkage there are differences, and assembling rear box inner chamber opens the assembly precision of grade size before guaranteeing to weld.
(4) in welding process, with the two side welds symmetrical welding simultaneously of block casing transverse slat, as shown in Figure 3.Wherein, 9 shown in Fig. 3 and 10 represent 2 welding guns respectively.Casing transverse slat two side weld simultaneously symmetrical welding when using bevel for welding shown in figure (1), the stress suffered by casing transverse slat both sides is mainly the cross-direction shrinkage tension of almost symmetry.Therefore, in welding process, casing transverse slat does not occurs bending and deformation.Additionally, after welding early stage is often soldered a time weld seam, box component upset carries out another transverse slat two side weld welding, and welding middle and late stage may gradually increase the welding road number of times at box component upset interval, makes the contraction of two weld seams of two, box component top weld contraction and bottom more synchronize.
(5), in welding process, box component top carries out the cross-direction shrinkage measurement of weld seam time identical with bottom welding seam welding road number of times.The cross-direction shrinkage amount=((A of weld seamn-An+1)+(Bn-Bn+1))/2.Wherein, n and n+1 represents adjacent twice measurement, A and B is as shown in Figure 4.Then, the elongation connecting riser 7 and the elongation of flexible welding transversely deforming control frock that flexible welding angular deformation controls in frock is reduced in time according to weld seam cross-direction shrinkage amount, make box component inner chamber laterally open reduction amount and the weld seam cross-direction shrinkage amount basic synchronization of grade size, control casing transverse slat bending deformation quantity.
Above the specific embodiment of the present invention is described.It is to be appreciated that the invention is not limited in above-mentioned particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make various deformation or amendment within the scope of the claims, and this has no effect on the flesh and blood of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a large thick-wall box component welding deformation controlling method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
1) before welding, at box plate welding edge prefabrication and assembly construction reference platform, box plate warpage or the even impact on welded gaps of wall unevenness are eliminated;
2) before welding, bevel for welding is designed to " V " type structure of double angle, reduces the weld metal loading in follow-up welding process and thermal weld stress amount, and then reduce the amount of contraction of commissure;
3) before weldering during assembling, flexible welding Deformation control frock is pre-installed at box house, and controlling the welded gaps in weld seam total length by the elongation of regulation flexible welding Deformation control frock and cabinets cavity opens a grade size, it is ensured that before weldering, after assembling, the welded gaps in weld seam total length more uniformly and improves cabinets cavity and opens assembly precision before the weldering of grade size;
4) in welding process, two side welds of same casing transverse slat symmetrical welding simultaneously, and timely another transverse slat two side weld of overturning cabinet component welding in turn, make casing transverse slat in welding process substantially occur without flexural deformation, and guarantee that the contraction of two weld seams of contraction and bottom of two weld seams in box component top more synchronizes;
5) in welding process, according to casing weld seam cross-direction shrinkage amount regulation flexible welding Deformation control frock transverse extension amount with control casing element cavity laterally open a grade size, make box component inner chamber laterally open reduction amount and the weld seam cross-direction shrinkage amount basic synchronization of grade size, reduce the bending deformation quantity of casing riser.
A kind of large thick-wall box component welding deformation controlling method, it is characterized in that, before the welding of described step 1), according to the warpage in sheet material welding edge total length, Thickness Distribution situation and weld seam load requirement, at box component sheet material welding edge prefabrication and assembly construction reference platform.
A kind of large thick-wall box component welding deformation controlling method, it is characterised in that described step 2) before welding, it is designed to comprise θ by bevel for welding1And θ2Double angles " V " the type structure of two bevel angles, θ1Determined by ignition tip extension elongation, the effective protection domain of protective gas, θ2Determine according to torch neck diameter, reduce the cross-sectional area of bevel for welding, reduce the weld metal loading in welding process and thermal weld stress amount, and then reduce weld shrinkage.
A kind of large thick-wall box component welding deformation controlling method, it is characterized in that, before the weldering of described step 3) during assembling, box house corner, pre-install flexible welding angular deformation on riser and transverse slat respectively and control frock, flexible welding transversely deforming controls frock and flexible welding linear deformation controls frock, then the elongation controlling to connect in frock riser by regulating Welding Angular Deformation controls welded gaps, by regulation flexible welding transversely deforming control frock and flexible welding transversely deforming control the elongation control chamber intracoelomic cavity respectively of frock horizontal and vertical open a grade size, finally, before weldering, after assembling, the welded gaps in weld seam total length is the most uniform, and substantially occur without flexural deformation after assembling before box plate weldering.
A kind of large thick-wall box component welding deformation controlling method, it is characterized in that, in described step 4) welding process, same transverse slat two side weld symmetrical welding simultaneously, and before welding the phase be often soldered a time weld seam and need overturning cabinet component to carry out another transverse slat two side weld welding, the follow-up welding road number of times that may gradually increase box component upset interval.
A kind of large thick-wall box component welding deformation controlling method, it is characterized in that, in described step 5) welding process, when box component top is identical with bottom welding seam welding road number of times, the cross-direction shrinkage amount of butt welded seam measures, then the elongation connecting riser elongation and flexible welding transversely deforming control frock reduced in time in flexible welding angular deformation control frock according to weld seam cross-direction shrinkage amount laterally opens a grade size with regulating box intracoelomic cavity, box component inner chamber is made laterally to open the reduction amount of grade size basically identical with weld seam cross-direction shrinkage amount, control the bending deformation quantity of casing riser.
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN110732748A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2020-01-31 | 广州文冲船厂有限责任公司 | rectangular column welding method |
CN110757019A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-02-07 | 山西汾西重工有限责任公司 | Step-by-step combined welding structure and welding method for rectangular frame with large length-width ratio |
CN112191996A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-08 | 上海电气核电设备有限公司 | Butt welding process method for U-shaped structure large-thickness plate |
CN112404714A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-02-26 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Hollow cylinder welding method and welding tool |
CN112672557A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-04-16 | 河南光之源光电科技有限公司 | LED display screen box of preapring for an unfavorable turn of events shape |
CN113134667A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-20 | 东风越野车有限公司 | Welding deformation control device and method for bulletproof special-shaped cabin component |
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CN112191996B (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2022-06-24 | 上海电气核电设备有限公司 | Butt welding process method for U-shaped structure large-thickness plate |
CN112404714A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-02-26 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Hollow cylinder welding method and welding tool |
CN112672557A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-04-16 | 河南光之源光电科技有限公司 | LED display screen box of preapring for an unfavorable turn of events shape |
CN113134667A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-20 | 东风越野车有限公司 | Welding deformation control device and method for bulletproof special-shaped cabin component |
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