CN105995127B - Composite additive for improving eggshell quality of old laying hens and application thereof - Google Patents
Composite additive for improving eggshell quality of old laying hens and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a compound additive for improving the eggshell quality of old laying hens and application thereof, wherein the additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-50 parts of manganese, 10-40 parts of zinc, 1-7 parts of copper, 10-40 parts of iron, 0.1-0.2 part of iodine, 0.5-4 parts of selenium, 1-10 parts of grape procyanidin, 20-60 parts of astragalus polysaccharide and 1-10 parts of hesperidin, and the compound additive is formed by taking aluminosilicate as a carrier (blended to 1000 g). Therefore, the compound additive has good application prospect in the aspect of improving the eggshell quality of old laying hens and has economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of feed production in the livestock breeding industry, in particular to a compound additive for improving the eggshell quality of old laying hens and application thereof.
Background
The eggshell plays an important role in eggs, and can protect the internal components of the eggs from being damaged by microorganisms, environmental changes and external force; resisting microbial invasion in the process of egg development; regulating and controlling the exchange of internal and external water and gas through stomata in the process of embryo development; and supplementing calcium for embryo development during yolk calcium depletion. The quality of the eggshell is reduced, which affects not only the qualification rate and preservation of commercial eggs, but also the quality of the eggs, and is one of the important problems facing the laying hen industry.
Eggshell quality is an important economic and appearance trait of eggs. The problem of eggshell breakage due to the reduced eggshell quality causes huge economic losses to the poultry production industry and the egg processing industry. According to statistics, in the commercialized and intensive laying hen production, broken eggs account for 13-20% of the total egg production, which is equivalent to the loss of $ 1.32-2.0 per chicken. The broken eggs, soft eggs, deformed eggs and the like caused by the quality of the eggshells account for about 6 to 10 percent of the total egg yield. The loss of China caused by the damage of the eggshells in the production practice is up to 5 hundred million yuan per year. With the increase of the day age of the laying hens, the quality of the eggshells gradually becomes worse, particularly, the weight of the eggshells increases in the later period of laying, the eggshells become crisp and thin, and the number of the broken eggshells increases by 20% compared with the earlier period. Therefore, the improvement of the quality of the eggshell, particularly the improvement of the quality of the eggshell at the later egg laying period of the laying hen is particularly important for safe, high-quality and efficient production in the poultry industry.
The nutrition regulation and control means is adopted, the quality of the eggshells is improved in the production link, and the nutrition regulation and control method is an effective measure for reducing the breakage of the eggshells at present. Related research achievements such as adjusting the proportion of calcium and phosphorus, supplementing vitamins, trace elements and the like are widely applied to production practice. However, these nutritional measures for improving the quality of the eggshell often appear as "little useless and too late" in the implementation process, which not only increases the cost, but also causes environmental pollution. Therefore, there is an urgent need in the art to develop a novel, safe, effective, and environmentally friendly additive for improving the quality of eggshells. The early-stage research result is comprehensively considered, and the synergistic effect among the elements is utilized to combine to form a composite additive, so that the quality of the eggshell can be improved more quickly and efficiently.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the composite additive for improving the eggshell quality of the old laying hens and the application thereof. Therefore, the compound additive has good application prospect in the aspect of improving the eggshell quality of old laying hens and has economic benefit.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the compound additive for improving the eggshell quality of old laying hens comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-50 parts of manganese, 10-40 parts of zinc, 1-7 parts of copper, 10-40 parts of iron, 0.1-0.2 part of iodine, 0.5-4 parts of selenium, 1-10 parts of grape procyanidine, 20-60 parts of astragalus polysaccharide and 1-10 parts of hesperidin.
The preferable technical scheme of the invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of manganese, 17.5-35 parts of zinc, 2.5-5 parts of copper, 20-30 parts of iron, 0.15-0.18 part of iodine, 1.5-2.5 parts of selenium, 5-6.5 parts of grape procyanidin, 30-50 parts of astragalus polysaccharide and 3-5 parts of hesperidin.
The preferable technical scheme of the invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of manganese, 26 parts of zinc, 3.5 parts of copper, 25 parts of iron, 0.16 part of iodine, 2 parts of selenium, 6 parts of grape procyanidin, 40 parts of astragalus polysaccharide and 4 parts of hesperidin.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the manganese is an organic substance containing manganese, and the selenium is an organic substance containing selenium.
As a preferred technical scheme, the method also comprises a carrier mixed in the production, wherein the carrier is aluminosilicate, and the content of the additive is 0.2-0.25%.
In addition, the invention also discloses application of the compound additive for improving the eggshell quality of old-age laying hens, which is applied to improving the eggshell quality of old-age halal grey laying hens.
As a preferred technical scheme, the method is applied to improving the quality of the eggshells of the old halan brown laying hens.
As a preferred technical scheme, the method is applied to improving the quality of the eggshell of the old Beijing red egg chicken.
As the preferred technical scheme, the invention is applied to improving the ultramicro structure of the eggshell of the old Beijing red egg chicken.
The compound additive for improving the eggshell quality of old laying hens and the application thereof have the following beneficial effects: 1. the feed additive provided by the invention can be applied to obviously reduce the soft-shelled egg rate of aged hainan ash/hainan brown/Jinghong laying hens, improve the thickness of the eggshell, the strength of the eggshell and the shell weight ratio, reduce cracks on the surface of the eggshell, reduce the thickness and width of mastoid process, increase the density of mastoid process and improve the ultrastructure of the eggshell. Therefore, the compound additive has good application prospect in the aspect of improving the eggshell quality of old laying hens and has economic benefit; 2. the compound additive mixed by the additive and aluminosilicate is applied to the feed of laying hens as the feed additive of the laying hens, so that the great economic loss of the laying hens caused by the breakage of eggshells is reduced, the cost is saved, and the waste is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1a and 1c show the eggshell ultrastructure in the longitudinal section of the treatment group.
Fig. 1b and 1d show the eggshell ultrastructure of the control group in longitudinal section.
Fig. 1e and fig. 1f show the cross section of the eggshell ultrastructure of the treatment group and the control group respectively.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The compound additive for improving the eggshell quality of old laying hens comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: the compound additive comprises 50% of manganese, 40% of zinc, 7% of copper, 40% of iron, 0.2% of iodine, 4% of selenium, 10% of grape procyanidin, 60% of astragalus polysaccharide and 10% of hesperidin, preferably manganese is an organic matter containing manganese, selenium is an organic matter containing selenium, further preferably the compound additive also comprises a carrier mixed in production, wherein the carrier is aluminosilicate, the content of the additive is 0.2-0.25%, and when the compound additive is used for preparing laying hen feed, the compound additive is firstly added into the premixed feed and then mixed with other feed raw materials.
Example 2
The compound additive for improving the eggshell quality of old laying hens comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: manganese 20, zinc 10, copper 1, iron 10, iodine 0.1, selenium 0.5, grape procyanidin 1, astragalus polysaccharide 20 and hesperidin 1, preferably manganese is an organic matter containing manganese, selenium is an organic matter containing selenium, further preferably, the feed also comprises a carrier mixed in production, wherein the carrier is aluminosilicate, the content of the additive is 0.2-0.25% to prepare a compound additive, and when the feed for laying hens is prepared, the compound additive is firstly added into a premixed feed and then mixed with other feed raw materials.
Example 3
The compound additive for improving the eggshell quality of old laying hens comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: the feed comprises 40 parts of manganese, 35 parts of zinc, 5 parts of copper, 30 parts of iron, 0.18 part of iodine, 2.5 parts of selenium, 6.5 parts of grape procyanidin, 50 parts of astragalus polysaccharide and 5 parts of hesperidin, preferably manganese is an organic matter containing manganese, selenium is an organic matter containing selenium, and further preferably the feed also comprises a carrier mixed in production, wherein the carrier is aluminosilicate, the content of the additive is 0.2-0.25% to prepare a compound additive, and when the feed is prepared for laying hens, the compound additive is firstly added into a premixed feed and then mixed with other feed raw materials.
Example 4
The compound additive for improving the eggshell quality of old laying hens comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of manganese, 17.5 parts of zinc, 2.5 parts of copper, 20 parts of iron, 0.15 part of iodine, 1.5 parts of selenium, 5 parts of grape procyanidin, 30 parts of astragalus polysaccharide and 3 parts of hesperidin, preferably, the manganese is an organic matter containing manganese, the selenium is an organic matter containing selenium, and further preferably, the feed also comprises a carrier mixed in production, wherein the carrier is aluminosilicate, the content of the additive is 0.2-0.25% to prepare the compound additive, and when the feed for laying hens is prepared, the compound additive is firstly added into the premixed feed and then mixed with other feed raw materials.
Example 5
The compound additive for improving the eggshell quality of old laying hens comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: manganese 35, zinc 26, copper 3.5, iron 25, iodine 0.16, selenium 2, grape procyanidin 6, astragalus polysaccharide 40 and hesperidin 4, preferably manganese is an organic matter containing manganese, selenium is an organic matter containing selenium, further preferably, the compound feed also comprises a carrier mixed in production, wherein the carrier is aluminosilicate, the content of the additive is 0.2-0.25% to prepare the compound additive, and when the compound additive is prepared into the feed for laying hens, the compound additive is firstly added into a premixed feed and then mixed with other feed raw materials.
Example 6
The invention relates to a preparation method of laying hen feed of a compound additive, which is characterized in that any one of examples 1-5 is mixed with aluminosilicate according to a proportion to prepare the compound additive. When preparing the laying hen feed, the compound additive is added into the compound feed according to the proportion of 0.2-0.25%, and then is mixed with other feed raw materials. The prepared laying hen feed containing the compound additive is placed in a cool and ventilated place.
In the invention, the method for preserving the laying hen feed containing the additive is to store the laying hen feed in a cool and ventilated place at normal temperature.
The invention also discloses an application of the compound additive for improving the eggshell quality of the old blue-gray laying hens, which is applied to improving the eggshell quality of the old blue-gray laying hens or the eggshell quality of the old blue-brown laying hens or the eggshell quality of the old red-white laying hens or the ultrastructure of the old red-white laying hens, selecting the later laying hens with poorer eggshell quality as experimental animals, laying hens of three common varieties of blue-gray, blue-brown and red, and finding out the quality determination of the eggshells and the observation of the ultrastructure of the eggshells and the like
The composite additive can obviously reduce the soft shell-breaking rate, improve the superfine structure of the eggshell and improve the eggshell
The thickness and the strength of the egg shell are improved, and the quality of the egg shell is improved, which shows that the composite additive improves the egg shell
The quality effect is exact and reliable.
Specific application examples are provided below
Example 7
Experiment for improving eggshell quality of old laying hens containing compound additive
Experiment 1-Effect of Complex additive on Eggshell quality of aged Holland Gray laying hens
144 helan gray laying hens of 67 weeks old are selected and randomly divided into 2 groups, each group has 6 repetitions, and each repetition has 12 chickens. The group 1 is a control group, and is fed with corn-soybean meal basic ration; group 2 was the treatment group, to which 50mg/kg of the complex additive was added to the basal diet. The test period was 8 weeks. The feed is stored in cool and ventilated place at normal temperature. The eggshell strength, eggshell thickness, eggshell index and shell weight ratio were determined at 6 egg repetitions over the 0d, 2, 4, 8 th week of the experiment, respectively (see table 1).
TABLE 1 Effect of Complex additives on Eggshell quality of aged Holland Gray laying hens
From the test results table 1, it can be seen that the composite additive does not significantly improve the quality of the eggshells after being fed for 4 weeks, but the soft shell breaking rate tends to decrease after being fed for 8 weeks, the eggshell strength, the eggshell thickness and the shell weight ratio are significantly increased in the composite additive group, and the eggshell index tends to increase, which indicates that the composite additive needs a certain time to accumulate for at least 4 weeks.
Experiment 2-Effect of Complex additive on Eggshell quality of aged Holland Brown egg laying hens
180 helenium brown laying hens aged 62 weeks are selected and randomly divided into 2 groups, each group has 6 repetitions, and each repetition has 15 chickens. The group 1 is a control group, and is fed with corn-soybean meal basic ration; group 2 was the treatment group, to which 50mg/kg of the complex additive was added to the basal diet. The test period was 8 weeks. The feed is stored in cool and ventilated place at normal temperature. The eggshell strength, eggshell thickness, eggshell index and shell weight ratio were determined at 6 egg repetitions over the 0d, 2, 4, 8 th week of the experiment, respectively (see table 2).
TABLE 2 Effect of Complex additives on Eggshell quality of aged Holland Brown egg laying hens
From the test results table 2, it can be seen that after the composite additive is fed for 4 weeks, the soft shell breaking rate is significantly reduced, the eggshell strength has a tendency to increase, and the quality of other eggshells is not significantly improved, but after the composite additive is fed for 8 weeks, the eggshell strength, the eggshell thickness and the eggshell index are significantly improved in the composite additive group, and the shell weight ratio has a tendency to increase, which indicates that the composite additive needs a certain time to accumulate for at least 4 weeks.
Experiment 3-Effect of Compound additive on Eggshell quality of aged Jing Red egg chickens
240 Jinghong laying hens aged 55 weeks are selected and randomly divided into 2 groups, each group has 8 repetitions, and each repetition has 15 chickens. The group 1 is a control group, and is fed with corn-soybean meal basic ration; group 2 was the treatment group, to which 50mg/kg of the complex additive was added to the basal diet. The test period was 5 weeks. The feed is stored in cool and ventilated place at normal temperature. The eggshell weight, eggshell strength, eggshell thickness and shell weight ratio were determined for each 6 eggs repeated at the end of weeks 2, 4 and 5 of the test (see table 3).
TABLE 3 influence of Complex additives on eggshell quality of aged Beijing red-egg chickens
From the test results table 3, it can be seen that the compound additive group significantly increases the eggshell thickness after 2 weeks of feeding, while no significant difference is observed in other indexes. After feeding for 4 weeks, the soft shell-breaking rate is obviously reduced, the thickness of the eggshell is obviously increased, and the strength of the eggshell tends to be increased. After feeding for 5 weeks, the compound additive obviously increases the weight, thickness and strength of the eggshell, and the proportion of the eggshell weight tends to increase. The soft-shell egg breaking rate and the eggshell strength are the most important indexes for evaluating the eggshell quality. Therefore, the compound additive can obviously improve the eggshell quality of old laying hens, and the adding and using time is at least more than 4 weeks.
Experiment 4-Effect of Compound additive on the ultrastructure of the eggshell of an aged Jinghong laying hen
240 Jinghong laying hens aged 55 weeks are selected and randomly divided into 2 groups, each group has 8 repetitions, and each repetition has 15 chickens. The group 1 is a control group, and is fed with corn-soybean meal basic ration; group 2 was the treatment group, to which 50mg/kg of the complex additive was added to the basal diet. The test period was 5 weeks. The feed is stored in cool and ventilated place at normal temperature. At the end of 5 weeks of the experiment, 6 eggs were repeatedly collected and observed in the cross section and longitudinal section of the eggshell under the field of view of 100 times and 200 times respectively by the scanning electron microscope, and the surface cracks, papilla thickness, papilla width and density of the eggshell were observed (see fig. 1 a-fig. 1f and table 4).
TABLE 4 influence of the Complex additives on the ultrastructure of the eggshell of an aged Jinghong laying hen
From the test results, fig. 1a to fig. 1f and table 4, it can be seen that the ultrastructure of the eggshell is significantly improved after the feed is fed for 5 weeks by adding the composite additive to the ration. As can be seen from the cross-sectional view, the eggshells of the composite additive group have fewer cracks; as can be seen from the longitudinal section view, the thickness of the mastoid layer of the composite additive group is lower, the width of the mastoid is smaller, and the mastoids are arranged more closely. The structure of the mastoid layer can influence the mechanical property of the eggshell by influencing the ultrastructure, and the closer the mastoid layer is arranged, the larger the eggshell stress is, and the larger the eggshell breakage force is. Therefore, the compound additive can obviously improve the ultrastructure of the eggshell of the old laying hen.
The above description is only for the specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention disclosed herein should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. The compound additive for improving the eggshell quality of old laying hens is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-50 parts of manganese, 10-40 parts of zinc, 1-7 parts of copper, 10-40 parts of iron, 0.1-0.2 part of iodine, 0.5-4 parts of selenium, 1-10 parts of grape procyanidin, 20-60 parts of astragalus polysaccharide and 1-10 parts of hesperidin, wherein the manganese is an organic matter containing manganese, and the selenium is an organic matter containing selenium; the other is a production mix carrier, which is aluminosilicate;
the content of the compound additive in the complete feed of the laying hens is 0.2-0.25%.
2. The compound additive for improving the eggshell quality of the old laying hens as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of manganese, 17.5-35 parts of zinc, 2.5-5 parts of copper, 20-30 parts of iron, 0.15-0.18 part of iodine, 1.5-2.5 parts of selenium, 5-6.5 parts of grape procyanidin, 30-50 parts of astragalus polysaccharide and 3-5 parts of hesperidin.
3. The compound additive for improving the eggshell quality of the old laying hens as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of manganese, 26 parts of zinc, 3.5 parts of copper, 25 parts of iron, 0.16 part of iodine, 2 parts of selenium, 6 parts of grape procyanidin, 40 parts of astragalus polysaccharide and 4 parts of hesperidin.
4. The application of the compound additive for improving the eggshell quality of old-age laying hens is characterized in that the compound additive is applied to improving the eggshell quality of old-age halal grey laying hens.
5. The use of the compound additive for improving the eggshell quality of an old laying hen as claimed in claim 4, which is used for improving the eggshell quality of an old Hailan brown laying hen.
6. The use of the compound additive for improving the shell quality of old laying hens as claimed in claim 4, which is used for improving the shell quality of old Beijing red egg laying hens.
7. The use of the compound additive for improving the shell quality of old laying hens as claimed in claim 4, which is used for improving the ultrastructure of the shells of old Beijing red egg laying hens.
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| CN102178083A (en) * | 2011-04-13 | 2011-09-14 | 山东和美华农牧科技股份有限公司 | Premixed feed for improving eggshell quality of hyline brower laying hen |
| CN103918942A (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2014-07-16 | 山东和美集团有限公司 | Feed formula for improving bone and eggshell quality of laying hen and preparation method of feed formula |
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| CN105685517A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-06-22 | 济南和美华饲料有限公司 | Additive capable of improving quality of eggshells of laying hens |
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Patent Citations (4)
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| CN102178083A (en) * | 2011-04-13 | 2011-09-14 | 山东和美华农牧科技股份有限公司 | Premixed feed for improving eggshell quality of hyline brower laying hen |
| CN103918942A (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2014-07-16 | 山东和美集团有限公司 | Feed formula for improving bone and eggshell quality of laying hen and preparation method of feed formula |
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