CN105990634B - A kind of negative rank resonator and Coupled resonator filter - Google Patents
A kind of negative rank resonator and Coupled resonator filter Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of negative rank resonator, top substrate layer and underlying substrate including identical size；One piece of square metal piece is set between the top substrate layer and underlying substrate；At the center of the sheet metal, the interdigital capacitor of one finger cross-like is set；It is provided with the metal aperture of periodic arrangement on four sides of the top substrate layer and underlying substrate, which runs through two-layer substrate, forms through-hole；The metal aperture of row's periodic arrangement is had in the upper and lower two sides of the sheet metal, which penetrates through from sheet metal to underlying substrate, forms blind hole.Based on above-mentioned negative rank resonator, the present invention also provides a kind of Coupled resonator filters；It is made of multiple negative rank resonator element cascades, is cracked and coupled by cavity between the multiple negative rank resonator element；It cracks in the left end of first negative rank resonator, couples a feed input part；It cracks in the right end of the last one negative rank resonator, couples a feed output block.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electromagnetic arts, in particular to a kind of negative rank resonator and Coupled resonator filter.
Background technique
When microwave transmission line terminal coupling, the electromagnetic wave propagated thereon is to advance, and referred to as traveling wave is propagated.When microwave passes
When defeated line terminal is open circuit or short circuit, standing wave distribution is presented in the electromagnetic wave on transmission line, and transmission line constitutes resonator at this time.
It is corresponding when the physical length l of resonator structure is the integral multiple of half-wavelength in traditional transmission-line efficiency
Frequency be resonance frequencyElectrical length θ=β l is the integral multiple of π at this time.Since the electrical length of conventional transmission line can only be big
In 0, therefore in conventional transmission line resonator, there is only positive exponent resonance；And since its dispersion curve is linear, so its
Resonance is all fundamental waveHarmonic wave, namely
As the rapid development of electromagnetism Meta Materials is based on composite left-and-right-hand as one of electromagnetism Meta Materials
The transmission line of (Composite Right/Left-Handed, CRLH) structure gets the attention and applies.CRLH transmission line
By the way that left-handed configuration namely series capacitance and shunt inductance structure are artificially added on the basis of conventional transmission line, one is introduced
Section left hand frequency domain.In the area, electromagnetic wave shows as the characteristic of retonation wave propagation, and transmission line electrical length is less than 0 at this time, this is just
Mean using the CRLH transmission line as when resonator, can produce negative rank resonance, i.e. the transmission line electrical length negative integer that is π
Times.Compared with conventional transmission line, under the conditions of same physical size, the frequency of the negative rank resonance of CRLH transmission line is less than tradition
The positive exponent resonance frequency of transmission line.That is the electric size of the negative rank resonator of CRLH transmission line is less than conventional transmission line positive exponent resonator
Electric size, therefore, the compactedness and miniaturization of structure may be implemented in the negative rank resonator of CRLH.
There are many implementations for CRLH transmission line, are broadly divided into two major classes: planar structure and three-dimensional structure.Planar structure
CRLH transmission line mainly has microstrip structure (bibliography [1]: L.Lei, C.Caloz, and T.Itoh, " Dominant mode
leaky-wave antenna with backfire-to-endfire scanning capability,"Electronics
Letters, vol.38, pp.1414-1416,2002.), coplanar waveguide structure and substrate integrated wave guide structure (bibliography
[2]: Y.Dong and T.Itoh, " Composite Right/Left-Handed Substrate Integrated
Waveguide and Half Mode Substrate Integrated Waveguide Leaky-Wave
Structures,"IEEE Transactions onAntennas and Propagation,vol.59,pp.767-775,
2011.) forms such as.These structures are usually to open to the outside world, since CRLH transmission line is work in fast wave region, meeting
Radiation is generated outward, this feature can be using (bibliography [3]: Yang Qingshan, Zhang Yunhua, Zhang Xiangkun one kind be multiple in antennas
Left-and-right-hand transmission line type narrowband wide range of frequencies scanning antenna People's Republic of China (PRC) patent is closed, the patent No.:
ZL201210125172.2).However, these structures have radiation loss and to external circuit interference etc. in guided wave application
Disadvantage.The CRLH transmission line of three-dimensional structure generally passes through the periodically insertion opening resonance on the traditional rectangular waveguide direction of propagation
Ring (bibliography [4]: S.Hrabar, J.Bartolic, and Z.Sipus, " Waveguide miniaturization
using uniaxial negative permeability metamaterial,"IEEE Transactions on
Antennas and Propagation, vol.53, pp.110-119,2005.) or in waveguide broadside introducing periodically Jie
Matter filling ripple (bibliography [5]: I.A.Eshrah, A.A.Kishk, A.B.Yakovlev, and A.W.Glisson, "
Rectangular waveguide with dielectric-filled corrugations supporting backward
waves,"IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques,vol.53,pp.3298-
3304,2005.) Lai Shixian.The CRLH transmission line of this structure is a kind of closing structure, will not generate radiation outward, however, its
Disadvantage is also apparent from: structure is complicated, and processing difficulties involve great expense.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the defect of existing two classes CRLH transmission line structure, propose that a kind of substrate integrates ridge
The negative rank resonator of waveguide (Ridge Substrate Integrated Waveguide:RSIW) structure, structure is simple, cuts open
Face is low, and will not generate radiation outward；And using the negative rank resonator of the structure as unit, a kind of coupled resonator filter is provided
Device.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention provides a kind of negative rank resonators, the top substrate layer including identical size and
Underlying substrate；It is characterized in that, one piece of square metal piece is arranged between the top substrate layer and underlying substrate；In the metal
The interdigital capacitor of a finger cross-like is arranged in the center of piece；The period is provided on four sides of the top substrate layer and underlying substrate
Two-layer substrate is run through in the metal aperture of arrangement, the hole, forms through-hole；Row week is had in the upper and lower two sides of the sheet metal
The metal aperture of phase arrangement, the hole are penetrated through from sheet metal to underlying substrate, form blind hole.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the working frequency of the size and negative rank resonator of the top substrate layer and underlying substrate has
It closes, working frequency is higher, and the size of the top substrate layer and underlying substrate is smaller.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the length of the interdigital capacitor is related with required negative order frequency, and negative order frequency is lower,
The length of the interdigital capacitor is longer.
In addition, being based on above-mentioned negative rank resonator, the present invention also provides a kind of Coupled resonator filters；By multiple described negative
The cascade of rank resonator element is constituted, which is characterized in that is cracked between the multiple negative rank resonator element by cavity and is carried out coupling
It closes；It cracks in the left end of first negative rank resonator, couples a feed input part；On the right side of the last one negative rank resonator
End is cracked, and a feed output block is coupled.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the number n of the negative rank resonator element is 2-7.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the physical size of the negative rank resonator and size of cracking determine by the following method:
If the relative bandwidth of the filter be FBW, then the external sort factor of first and n-th negative rank resonator,
The inner couplings coefficient of the negative rank resonator of i-th pair is answered are as follows:
Wherein, giFor i-th (i=0 ... n+1) a normalization component value, wherein g0For power feed inputs, gi(i=1 ... n)
For n negative rank resonators, gn+1To feed output end；Qe1For the external sort factor of first negative rank resonator, QenIt is n-th
The external sort factor of negative rank resonator；Mi,i+1For the coefficient of coup of the negative rank resonator of i-th pair.
According to the inner couplings system of the external sort factor of first and n-th negative rank resonator, the negative rank resonator of i-th pair
Number, the physical size of each negative rank resonator is determined by full-wave simulation；
Two resonance frequencies of the i-th pair resonator of i-th of negative rank resonator and the negative rank resonator composition of i+1 are full
Foot:
Wherein, fi1And fi2Respectively indicate the low-order mode of i-th pair resonator and the resonance frequency of high-order mode；
First negative rank resonator external sort factor:
Wherein,For the corresponding frequency of maximum transmitted coefficient of the negative rank resonator,It is the maximum of the negative rank resonator
The three dB bandwidth of transmission coefficient；
N-th of negative rank resonator external sort factor:
Wherein,For the corresponding frequency of maximum transmitted reflex response of the negative rank resonator,It is the negative rank resonator
Maximum transmitted reflex response three dB bandwidth；
Each negative rank resonator is obtained according to formula (2) to crack size wm, coefficient of coup M homologous thread；According to (3) and
(4), first and n-th negative rank resonator feeder line insert depth t is obtained2, external sort factor Q homologous thread.
The present invention has the advantages that
1, the shortcomings that negative rank resonator of the invention can overcome existing two kinds of transmission lines, it is simple, low with structure to cut open
Face, low cost, and the advantages of radiation will not be generated outward；
2, Coupled resonator filter of the invention has that structure is simple, low section, low cost, compact-sized and will not be to
The advantages of outer generation radiates.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of Coupled resonator filter of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of negative rank resonator of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the structure size schematic diagram of negative rank resonator in the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the transmission reflex response figure of negative rank resonator in the present invention；
Fig. 5 (a) is the distribution map of the electric field of negative rank resonator of the invention in its negative rank resonance point；
Fig. 5 (b) is the distribution map of the electric field of negative rank resonator of the invention in its zeroth order resonance point；
Fig. 5 (c) is the distribution map of the electric field of negative rank resonator of the invention in its positive exponent resonance point；
Fig. 5 (d) is distribution map of the electric field of the resonator in its positive exponent resonance point for being not loaded with interdigital capacitor；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the cavity cracking length of negative rank resonator of the invention；
Fig. 7 is the external sort factor of a negative rank resonator of the invention and the relational graph of feeder line insert depth；
Fig. 8 is the coefficient of coup of the negative rank resonator of a pair of the invention and the relational graph of resonator cavities cracking length；
Fig. 9 is the transmission reflex response of emulation and actual measurement that 3 ranks of the embodiment of the present invention couple negative rank resonance filter
Figure.
Specific embodiment
Before specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail, relevant principle is illustrated first.
CRLH transmission line proposed by the present invention based on RSIW structure realized by multilayer printed circuit board processing technology,
Median ridge plane is located among two layers of medium substrate.Interdigital capacitor is opened in ridge plane, constitutes one of necessary condition of left hand characteristic, string
Join capacitor；Another shunt inductance for constituting left hand characteristic is then provided by the metallic vias on the both sides RSIW.Two sides blind hole and logical
The spacing in hole will be appropriately selected such that the energy revealed from two sides can be ignored.Feed be connected with ridge plane, in order to it is outer
The feeder line of portion's circuit connection, middle layer is transformed on floor plane by blind hole, with reference to the filter double-end feed structure of Fig. 1.
It can be seen that this structure is also a kind of CRLH transmission line structure of plane, have low section, low weight, low cost, easily with plane electricity
The advantages that road combines, while being also equipped with advantage not available for the CRLH transmission line of other planar structures, i.e., structure is closed, no
Radiation is generated outward.
As described in Figure 2, a kind of negative rank resonator, top substrate layer and underlying substrate including identical size；In top substrate layer
One piece of square metal piece is set between underlying substrate；At the center of the sheet metal, the interdigital electricity of one finger cross-like is set
Hold；It is provided with the metal aperture of periodic arrangement on four sides of the top substrate layer and underlying substrate, which runs through two-layer substrate, is formed
Through-hole；The metal aperture of row's periodic arrangement is had in the upper and lower two sides of the sheet metal, which penetrates through from sheet metal under
Laminar substrate forms blind hole.
The top substrate layer is related with the working frequency of negative rank resonator with the size of underlying substrate, and working frequency is higher,
The size of the top substrate layer and underlying substrate is smaller.
The length of the interdigital capacitor is related with required negative order frequency, and negative order frequency is lower, the interdigital capacitor
Length is longer.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, one embodiment as the negative rank resonator, top substrate layer and underlying substrate use
Rogers RT/Duroid 6002, dielectric constant 2.94, losstangenttanδ=0.0012, the thickness of top substrate layer are as follows:
h1=0.254mm；The thickness of underlying substrate are as follows: h2=0.508mm.The metalized blind vias and through-hole diameter of two sides are respectively d1=
0.3mm and d2=0.35mm.In order to analyze its unit transmission response, it is connect using microstrip line with ridge plane, to the terminal short circuit
Cavity resonator direct-coupling.Using electromagnetic simulation software CST Microwave Studio, the available resonator
Reflex response is transmitted, as shown in Figure 4.
As a comparison, the resonator for being not loaded with interdigital capacitor is emulated, size with above-mentioned negative rank resonator phase
Together, transmission reflex response is as shown in Figure 4.As can be seen that two resonance frequencies of negative rank resonator will be far smaller than not loaded with
The resonance frequency of interdigital capacitor resonator, namely illustrate to can be realized microwave device using the two resonance of the negative rank resonator
The miniaturization of part.In negative rank resonator element, theoretically there are three resonance, as shown in Fig. 5 (a), -1 rank resonance occurs
5.5GHz or so, the electric size of resonator is-π at the frequency point；As shown in Fig. 5 (b), 0 rank resonance occurs in 8.8GHz or so；Such as
Shown in Fig. 5 (c) ,+1 rank resonance occurs at 17.2GHz.As shown in Fig. 5 (d), for being not loaded with the resonator of interdigital capacitor,
Only one+1 rank resonance occurs at 16.35GHz.As can be seen that the field distribution and Fig. 5 (d) class of Fig. 5 (a) and Fig. 5 (c)
It seemingly, is half-wavelength resonance.
In addition, being based on above-mentioned negative rank resonator, the present invention also provides a kind of Coupled resonator filters；By multiple described negative
The cascade of rank resonator element is constituted, and is cracked and is coupled by cavity between the multiple negative rank resonator element；At first
The left end of negative rank resonator is cracked, and a feed input part is coupled；It cracks, couples in the right end of the last one negative rank resonator
One feed output block.
The number n of the negative rank resonator element is 2-7.
The physical size of the negative rank resonator and size of cracking determine by the following method:
According to the parameter of the filter, the external sort factor of first and n-th negative rank resonator is calculated；It will be adjacent
Negative rank resonator organize two-by-two pair, calculate the inner couplings coefficient of each pair of negative rank resonator；
If the relative bandwidth of the filter be FBW, then the external sort factor of first and n-th negative rank resonator,
The inner couplings coefficient of the negative rank resonator of i-th pair is answered are as follows:
Wherein, giFor i-th (i=0 ... n+1) a normalization component value, wherein g0For power feed inputs, gi(i=1 ... n)
For n negative rank resonators, gn+1To feed output end；Qe1For the external sort factor of first negative rank resonator, QenIt is n-th
The external sort factor of negative rank resonator；Mi,i+1For the coefficient of coup of the negative rank resonator of i-th pair.
According to the inner couplings system of the external sort factor of first and n-th negative rank resonator, the negative rank resonator of i-th pair
Number, the physical size of each negative rank resonator is determined by full-wave simulation；
Two resonance frequencies of the i-th pair resonator of i-th of negative rank resonator and the negative rank resonator composition of i+1 are full
Foot:
Wherein, fi1And fi2Respectively indicate the low-order mode of i-th pair resonator and the resonance frequency of high-order mode；
First negative rank resonator external sort factor:
Wherein,For the corresponding frequency of maximum transmitted coefficient of the negative rank resonator,It is the maximum of the negative rank resonator
The three dB bandwidth of transmission coefficient；
N-th of negative rank resonator external sort factor:
Wherein,For the corresponding frequency of maximum transmitted reflex response of the negative rank resonator,It is the negative rank resonator
Maximum transmitted reflex response three dB bandwidth；
Each negative rank resonator is obtained according to formula (2) to crack size wm, coefficient of coup M homologous thread；According to (3) and
(4), first and n-th negative rank resonator feeder line insert depth t is obtained2, external sort factor Q homologous thread.
As shown in Figure 1, a specific embodiment as filter of the invention: a 3 rank Coupled resonator filters,
Centre frequency is 5.5GHz, that is, is worked in -1 rank resonance frequency of negative rank resonator；Relative bandwidth FBW is 6%, selectes ripple
Amplitude LArFor 3 rank Chebyshev's low-pass prototypes of 0.1dB, 5 normalization component values are respectively g0=g4=1, g1=g3=
1.0316 g2=1.1474, then according to the external sort factor and the coefficient of coup of formula (1) filter are as follows:
Qe1=Qe3=17.19
M12=M23=0.055
Using a pair of cascade negative rank resonator of CST Microwave Studio software emulation, the coefficient of coup and reality are established
Relationship between the physical size of border.This high-order mode resonance frequency and low-order mode resonance frequency to resonator is obtained by emulation,
And the coefficient of coup between resonator is calculated according to formula (2).As shown in fig. 7, with gap width wmIncrease, two are humorous
Coupling between vibration device is also increasing；Constantly adjustment wmValue, make the coefficient of coup be equal to 0.055.
External sort factor is obtained by the single resonator of emulation both ends load；By the insertion for changing microstrip feed line
Depth t2The external sort factor for controlling resonator calculates external sort factor by formula (3) and (4), as shown in figure 8, not
Disconnected adjustment t2Value, make external sort factor be equal to 17.19.
According to above analysis, the original dimension of 3 rank Coupled resonator filters: p=6.7mm, w can be set1=
5.8mm,w2=6.95mm, w3=1.2mm, t1=0.6mm, t2=0.8mm, lc=4.55mm, wc=0.25mm, ws=
0.2mm。
Global optimization finally is done to filter using CST Microwave Studio；The Coupled resonator filter of this example
Actual size be 21.05mm × 7.8mm (0.66 λg×0.25λg), structure is very compact.As shown in figure 9, the emulation of filter and
The transmission reflex response of actual measurement has good consistency.Filter actual measurement is about 3.3dB with interior Insertion Loss, with interior return loss
Less than -10dB, actual measurement centre frequency is 5.5GHz, three dB bandwidth 420MHz, and relative bandwidth 7.6% meets expected design.
It should be noted last that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting.Although ginseng
It is described the invention in detail according to embodiment, those skilled in the art should understand that, to technical side of the invention
Case is modified or replaced equivalently, and without departure from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, should all be covered in the present invention
Scope of the claims in.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of Coupled resonator filter, which is characterized in that the filter is made of multiple negative rank resonator cascades, described more
It is cracked and is coupled by cavity between a negative rank resonator；It cracks in the left end of first negative rank resonator, couples a feedback
Electric input part；It cracks in the right end of the last one negative rank resonator, couples a feed output block；The negative rank resonator
Top substrate layer and underlying substrate including identical size；One piece of square metal is set between the top substrate layer and underlying substrate
Piece；At the center of the sheet metal, the interdigital capacitor of one finger cross-like is set；In the top substrate layer and underlying substrate
Four sides are provided with the metal aperture of periodic arrangement, which runs through two-layer substrate, form through-hole；It is flat in the sheet metal and interdigital direction
Capable upper and lower two sides have the metal aperture of row's periodic arrangement, which penetrates through to underlying substrate from sheet metal, formed blind
Hole.
2. Coupled resonator filter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the ruler of the top substrate layer and underlying substrate
Very little related with the working frequency of negative rank resonator, working frequency is higher, and the size of the top substrate layer and underlying substrate is smaller.
3. Coupled resonator filter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the length of the interdigital capacitor with it is required
Negative order frequency it is related, negative order frequency is lower, and the length of the interdigital capacitor is longer.
4. Coupled resonator filter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the number n of the negative rank resonator is 2-
7。
5. Coupled resonator filter according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the physical size of the negative rank resonator and
Size of cracking determines by the following method:
If the relative bandwidth of the filter is FBW, then the external sort factor of first and n-th negative rank resonator, i-th pair
The inner couplings coefficient of negative rank resonator is answered are as follows:
Wherein, g0For the normalization component value of power feed inputs, giFor the normalization component value of n negative rank resonators, wherein i=
1…n；gn+1For the normalization component value for feeding output end；Qe1For the external sort factor of first negative rank resonator, QenIt is
The external sort factor of n negative rank resonators；Mi,i+1For the coefficient of coup of the negative rank resonator of i-th pair；
According to the external sort factor of first and n-th negative rank resonator, the inner couplings coefficient of the negative rank resonator of i-th pair,
The physical size of each negative rank resonator is determined by full-wave simulation；
Two resonance frequencies of the i-th pair resonator of i-th of negative rank resonator and the negative rank resonator composition of i+1 meet:
Wherein, fi1And fi2Respectively indicate the low-order mode of i-th pair resonator and the resonance frequency of high-order mode；
First negative rank resonator external sort factor:
Wherein,For the corresponding frequency of maximum transmitted coefficient of the negative rank resonator,It is the maximum transmitted of the negative rank resonator
The three dB bandwidth of coefficient；
N-th of negative rank resonator external sort factor:
Wherein,For the corresponding frequency of maximum transmitted coefficient of the negative rank resonator,It is the maximum transmitted of the negative rank resonator
The three dB bandwidth of coefficient；
Each negative rank resonator is obtained according to formula (2) to crack size wm, coefficient of coup M homologous thread；According to (3) and (4), obtain
To the feeder line insert depth t of first and n-th negative rank resonator2, external sort factor Q homologous thread.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201725859U (en) * | 2010-07-26 | 2011-01-26 | 天津职业技术师范大学 | Open-loop coupling bandpass filter based on micro-strip interdigital capacitor |
| CN202749490U (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2013-02-20 | 鲍峻松 | Ridged substrate integrated waveguide transmission line |
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2015
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201725859U (en) * | 2010-07-26 | 2011-01-26 | 天津职业技术师范大学 | Open-loop coupling bandpass filter based on micro-strip interdigital capacitor |
| CN202749490U (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2013-02-20 | 鲍峻松 | Ridged substrate integrated waveguide transmission line |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| "Folded Substrate Integrated Waveguide Based Composite Right/Left-Handed Transmission Line and Its Application to Partial H-Plane Filters";Tao Yang 等;《IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES》;20130201;第61卷(第2期);第789-799页 * |
| "Negative-order ridge substrate integrated waveguide coupled-resonator filter";Qingshan Yang 等;《ELECTRONICS LETTERS》;20140213;第50卷(第4期);第290-291页 * |
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