CN105987859B - The measuring device and method of fluid density - Google Patents
The measuring device and method of fluid density Download PDFInfo
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- CN105987859B CN105987859B CN201610255093.1A CN201610255093A CN105987859B CN 105987859 B CN105987859 B CN 105987859B CN 201610255093 A CN201610255093 A CN 201610255093A CN 105987859 B CN105987859 B CN 105987859B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N9/00—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of measuring device of fluid density and methods.The measuring device includes：Friction generator sensor, constant-current device and data acquisition processing device；Friction generator sensor is included in the vibrating diaphragm vibrated under fluid flow function, for the vibration of generation to be converted to ac signal；Constant-current device is connected with friction generator sensor, the flow velocity for the constant fluid before fluid engaging friction generating transducer；Data acquisition processing device is electrically connected with friction generator sensor and constant-current device respectively, the flow velocity electric signal of the fluid of ac signal and constant-current device output for the output of acquisition process friction generator sensor, correspondence obtains diaphragm oscillations frequency and fluid flow rate respectively, and fluid density is obtained according to diaphragm oscillations frequency and fluid flow rate.The measuring device and method of fluid density provided by the invention, can measure fluid density in real time, and accurately and reliably, and measuring device and method are simple, easily operated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electronic circuit fields, and in particular to a kind of measuring device and method of fluid density.
Background technology
Fluid is varied, has the multiple fluids such as gaseous fluid, liquid fluid, different fluid densities to be all different.
When measuring fluid density, special fluid density survey tool may be used, such as use special Density Detection instrument convection current body
Density is tested.But existing Density Detection instrument is often complicated, operation is more demanding, and most number density
Detecting instrument also has environment higher requirement, can not simple operations it can be learnt that fluid density, this be required for professional person into
Row operation.Meanwhile when measuring different fluid densities, need for different fluids using different Density Detection instruments into
Row measures, this also brings great trouble to the work of survey crew.
And since existing most of Density Detection instruments need survey crew to carry out a large amount of measurement work,
It can not generally measure fluid density in real time, and also due to Density Detection instrument needs a large amount of manual operation so that
Measurement result is inaccurate, and there are errors.
Invention content
The goal of the invention of the present invention is to provide measuring device and the side of a kind of fluid density in view of the drawbacks of the prior art
Method, measuring device in the prior art is complicated, operating difficulties for solving, and cannot measure fluid density in real time, accurately
The problems such as property is poor.
According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of measuring device of fluid density, including：Friction generator senses
Device, constant-current device and data acquisition processing device；Wherein,
Friction generator sensor is included in the vibrating diaphragm vibrated under fluid flow function, for that will be acted in fluid stream
Ac signal is converted to the vibration of lower generation；
Constant-current device is connected with friction generator sensor, for permanent before fluid engaging friction generating transducer
The flow velocity of constant current body；
Data acquisition processing device is electrically connected with friction generator sensor and constant-current device respectively, is rubbed for acquisition process
The flow velocity electric signal of the ac signal of generating transducer output and the fluid of constant-current device output is wiped, correspondence is shaken respectively
Film vibration frequency and fluid flow rate obtain fluid density according to diaphragm oscillations frequency and fluid flow rate.
Optionally, further include fluid source device, fluid source device is connected with friction generator sensor or constant-current device,
For injecting fluid into friction generator sensor under the action of constant-current device.
Optionally, friction generator sensor further includes：Shell, electrode, friction plate and vibrating diaphragm fixed frame；
Enclosure be formed with suitable for fluid by through-hole；Electrode is arranged on the inner wall of shell；Friction plate is located at electricity
On the side surface that pole is not contacted with the inner wall of shell；Vibrating diaphragm fixed frame is erected on the inner wall of shell, is set on vibrating diaphragm fixed frame
It is equipped with vibrating diaphragm；
When fluid stream via through holes, the side surface contact friction that vibration occurs for vibrating diaphragm with friction plate is not contacted with electrode produces
Raw ac signal, and exported to data acquisition processing device by electrode.
Optionally, data acquisition processing device is further used for：According to known proportion coefficient, friction generator sensor
The diaphragm oscillations frequency and fluid flow rate that physical parameter and acquisition process obtain, are calculated fluid density.
Optionally, the physical parameter of friction generator sensor includes：Vibrating diaphragm density, vibrating diaphragm thickness and vibrating diaphragm length.
Optionally, fluid source device is also electrically connected with data acquisition processing device, is further used for：In the work of constant-current device
With it is lower into friction generator sensor inject known density fluid, and export known density fluid density electric signal extremely
Data acquisition processing device.
Optionally, data acquisition processing device is further used for：The known density of acquisition process fluid source device output
The density electric signal of fluid, obtains the density of the fluid of known density.
Optionally, data acquisition processing device is further used for：According to the density of the fluid of known density, friction generator
The physical parameter of sensor and the vibrating diaphragm that data acquisition processing device acquisition process obtains when injecting the fluid of known density shake
Known proportion coefficient is calculated in dynamic frequency and fluid flow rate.
Optionally, fluid source device be controllable pressure compressed air source unit, controllable pressure compressed air source unit respectively with friction generator
Sensor is connected with constant-current device, is also electrically connected with data acquisition processing device, and the pressure for adjusting fluid passes through constant current
Device injects the fluid under different pressure into friction generator sensor, and exports corresponding pressure electric signal to data and acquire
Processing unit.
Optionally, data acquisition processing device is further used for：The difference of acquisition process controllable pressure compressed air source unit output
The pressure electric signal of fluid under pressure obtains the pressure of the fluid under corresponding different pressure, according to the stream under different pressure
The pressure of body and known physical parameter, are calculated the density of the fluid under different pressure.
Optionally, it is known that physical parameter includes：The thermodynamic temperature of ideal gas constant and perfect gas.
Optionally, data acquisition processing device is further used for：According to the density of the fluid under different pressure, triboelectricity
What data acquisition processing device acquisition process obtained when the physical parameter of machine sensor and the fluid injected under different pressure shakes
Known proportion coefficient is calculated in film vibration frequency and fluid flow rate.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention also provides a kind of measurement method of fluid density, utilization is above-mentioned
The measuring device of fluid density measures, and measurement method includes：
Using constant-current device fluid is injected into friction generator sensor；
The ac signal and perseverance of the diaphragm oscillations output of friction generator sensor in acquisition process fluid injection
The flow velocity electric signal of the fluid of device output is flowed, correspondence obtains diaphragm oscillations frequency and fluid flow rate respectively；
The diaphragm oscillations frequency and fluid flow rate obtained according to acquisition process obtains fluid density.
Optionally, the diaphragm oscillations frequency and fluid flow rate obtained according to acquisition process obtains fluid density and further wraps
It includes：The diaphragm oscillations frequency that is obtained according to known proportion coefficient, the physical parameter of friction generator sensor and acquisition process and
Fluid density is calculated in fluid flow rate.
Optionally, the physical parameter of friction generator sensor includes：Vibrating diaphragm density, vibrating diaphragm thickness and vibrating diaphragm length.
Optionally, it is shaken according to what known proportion coefficient, the physical parameter of friction generator sensor and acquisition process obtained
Film vibration frequency and fluid flow rate are calculated fluid density and further comprise：
Fluid density is calculated using following formula：
ρf=K ω2
Κ=κ ρshL/U2
Wherein, ρfFor fluid density, K is known physical parameter, and ω is diaphragm oscillations frequency, and κ is known proportion coefficient, ρs
For vibrating diaphragm density, h is vibrating diaphragm thickness, and L is vibrating diaphragm length, and U is fluid flow rate.
Optionally, before injecting fluid into friction generator sensor using constant-current device, method further includes：
The fluid of known density is injected into fluid source device；
The density electric signal of the fluid of the known density of acquisition process fluid source device output, obtains the fluid of known density
Density；
The fluid of the known density in fluid source device is injected into friction generator sensor by constant-current device；It adopts
The ac signal and perseverance of the diaphragm oscillations output of friction generator sensor in the fluid injection of collection processing known density
The fluid flow rate electric signal of device output is flowed, correspondence obtains diaphragm oscillations frequency and fluid flow rate respectively；
According to the fluid of the density of the fluid of known density, the physical parameter of friction generator sensor and known density
The diaphragm oscillations frequency and fluid flow rate that data acquisition processing device acquisition process obtains in injection process, are calculated known ratio
Example coefficient.
Optionally, fluid source device is controllable pressure compressed air source unit, using constant-current device to friction generator sensor
Before interior injection fluid, method further includes：
Inject fluid into the fluid generated in controllable pressure compressed air source unit under different pressure；
The pressure electric signal of fluid under the different pressure of acquisition process controllable pressure compressed air source unit output, obtains corresponding
Difference is calculated according to the pressure of the fluid under different pressure and known physical parameter in the pressure of fluid under different pressure
The density of fluid under pressure；
The fluid under different pressure is injected into friction generator sensor by constant-current device；
The friendship of the diaphragm oscillations output of friction generator sensor in fluid injection under acquisition process difference pressure
The flow velocity electric signal of galvanic electricity signal and the fluid of constant-current device output, it is corresponding respectively to obtain diaphragm oscillations frequency and fluid flow rate；
According under the density of the fluid under different pressure, the physical parameter of friction generator sensor and different pressure
The diaphragm oscillations frequency and fluid flow rate that data acquisition processing device acquisition process obtains in fluid injection, calculate known
Proportionality coefficient.
Optionally, it is known that physical parameter includes：The thermodynamic temperature of ideal gas constant and perfect gas.
According to the measuring device and method of fluid density provided by the invention, generate electricity in the fluid engaging friction of constant flow rate
After machine sensor, the ac signal and constant-current device of the output of data acquisition processing device acquisition process friction generator sensor
The flow velocity electric signal of the fluid of output, it is corresponding respectively to obtain diaphragm oscillations frequency and fluid flow rate, and according to diaphragm oscillations frequency
Fluid density is obtained with fluid flow rate.It is close can to measure fluid in real time for the measuring device and method of fluid density provided by the invention
Degree, accurately and reliably, and measuring device and method are simple, easily operated.Simultaneously because its is simple in structure, cause its low manufacture cost
It is honest and clean, it is suitble to large-scale industrial production.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the measuring device embodiment one of fluid density provided by the invention；
Fig. 2 is the longitudinal sectional drawing of the friction generator sensor in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the dimensional structure diagram of the friction generator sensor in Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the measuring device embodiment two of fluid density provided by the invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the measuring device embodiment three of fluid density provided by the invention；
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the measuring device example IV of fluid density provided by the invention；
Fig. 7 is the flow chart of the measurement method embodiment of fluid density provided by the invention.
Specific implementation mode
To fully understand the purpose, feature and effect of the present invention, by following specific embodiments, the present invention is done in detail
Describe in detail bright, but the present invention is not restricted to this.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the measuring device embodiment one of fluid density provided by the invention, as shown in Figure 1, stream
The measuring device of volume density, including：Friction generator sensor 100, constant-current device 200 and data acquisition processing device 300.Its
In, friction generator sensor 100 is included in the vibrating diaphragm (not shown) vibrated under fluid flow function, for will be
The vibration generated under fluid flow function is converted to ac signal；Constant-current device 200 is connected with friction generator sensor 100
It connects, is arranged in the side of friction generator sensor 100, for constant before fluid engaging friction generating transducer 100
The flow velocity of fluid；Data acquisition processing device 300 is electrically connected with friction generator sensor 100 and constant-current device 200 respectively, is used
The flow velocity electricity for the fluid that the ac signal and constant-current device 200 exported in acquisition process friction generator sensor 100 exports
Signal, corresponding respectively to obtain diaphragm oscillations frequency and fluid flow rate, it is close to obtain fluid according to diaphragm oscillations frequency and fluid flow rate
Degree.
Fig. 2 is the longitudinal sectional drawing of the friction generator sensor in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is the friction generator sensor in Fig. 1
Dimensional structure diagram.As shown in Figures 2 and 3, friction generator sensor 100 includes：Shell 110, electrode 120, friction
Piece 130, the vibrating diaphragm 140 vibrated under fluid flow function and vibrating diaphragm fixed frame 150.Wherein, electrode 120, friction plate
130, vibrating diaphragm 140 and vibrating diaphragm fixed frame 150 are all disposed within the inside of shell 110.
Specifically, in conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, be formed with inside shell 110 suitable for fluid by through-hole 160；Electrode 120 is set
It sets on the inner wall of shell 110；Friction plate 130 is arranged on the side surface that electrode 120 is not contacted with the inner wall of shell 110；
There is vibrating diaphragm 140 fixing end and free end, the fixing end of vibrating diaphragm 140 to be installed on vibrating diaphragm fixed frame 150, the freedom of vibrating diaphragm 140
End vibrates under fluid flow function；Vibrating diaphragm fixed frame 150 is erected on the inner wall of shell 110, wherein in shell 110
Inner wall opposite side wall on be provided with 2 fixed grooves 170, for the fixed vibrating diaphragm fixed frame 150 that sets up in fixed groove
In 170, and then realize that the installation of vibrating diaphragm 140 is fixed.When fluid stream via through holes 160, vibration and friction plate occur for vibrating diaphragm 140
The 130 side surface contact frictions not contacted with electrode 120 generate ac signal, and are adopted by the output of electrode 120 to data
Collect processing unit 300.
It should be noted that in Fig. 2 and structure shown in Fig. 3, the close friction generator with the fixing end of vibrating diaphragm 140
The port of sensor 100 is the fluid input port of friction generator sensor 100, the close friction with the free end of vibrating diaphragm 140
The port of generating transducer 100 is the fluid outlet of friction generator sensor 100.That is, fluid should be from rubbing
The fluid input port input for wiping generating transducer 100, exports from the fluid outlet of friction generator sensor 100, to protect
Demonstrate,prove the normal vibration of the vibrating diaphragm 140 of friction generator sensor 100.Fig. 2 and structure shown in Fig. 3 are only friction generator sensing
One specific example of device, the present invention are not limited only to this structure, any friction generator sensing based on triboelectricity principle
Device is all suitable for the present invention.
When using friction generator sensor, since vibrating diaphragm 120 is component that is fixed, will not arbitrarily changing, therefore it shakes
Film density, vibrating diaphragm thickness and vibrating diaphragm length are all the numerical value of known fixed namely the physical parameter of friction generator sensor is
Known fixed.Wherein, the physical parameter of friction generator sensor includes：Vibrating diaphragm density, vibrating diaphragm thickness and vibrating diaphragm length.
Constant-current device 200 is arranged in the side of friction generator sensor 100, as shown in Figure 1, constant-current device 200 is arranged
On the right side of friction generator sensor 100, the stream for the constant fluid before fluid engaging friction generating transducer 100
Speed.Wherein, constant-current device 200 is constant-current device in the prior art, if pressure controls the constant-current device of fluid flow rate, works as fluid
When flowing causes change in flow, constant-current device automatic pressure regulation control, with constant fluid flow rate.Those skilled in the art can be with
Suitable constant-current device is selected according to actual implementation situation, is not limited herein.
It should be noted that when measuring device shown in FIG. 1 uses Fig. 2 and friction generator sensor shown in Fig. 3,
If fluid flows into friction generator sensor 100 to constant-current device 200 under the adjusting control of constant-current device 200, from left side, rub
The fluid outlet for wiping generating transducer 100 is connected with the input port of the constant-current device 200 on the right side of it；If fluid is in constant current
Under the adjusting control of device 200, friction generator sensor 100, friction generator are flowed into after flowing through constant-current device 200 from right side
The fluid input port of sensor 100 is connected with the delivery outlet of the constant-current device 200 on the right side of it.That is, fluid should be from
The fluid input port of friction generator sensor 100 inputs, and is exported from the fluid outlet of friction generator sensor 100, with
Ensure the normal vibration of the vibrating diaphragm 140 of friction generator sensor 100.
Data acquisition processing device 300 is electrically connected with friction generator sensor 100 and constant-current device 200 respectively, is used for
The flow velocity telecommunications for the fluid that the ac signal and constant-current device 200 that acquisition process friction generator sensor 100 exports export
Number, correspondence obtains diaphragm oscillations frequency and fluid flow rate respectively, and fluid density is obtained according to diaphragm oscillations frequency and fluid flow rate.
Data acquisition processing device 300 is further used for：According to known proportion coefficient, friction generator sensor 100
The diaphragm oscillations frequency and fluid flow rate that physical parameter and acquisition process obtain, are calculated fluid density.
Specifically, fluid density is deposited with vibrating diaphragm density, vibrating diaphragm thickness, vibrating diaphragm length, diaphragm oscillations frequency and fluid flow rate
In proportionate relationship, wherein known proportion coefficient is by testing the coefficient measured.Data acquisition processing device 300 is being shaken
After film vibration frequency and fluid flow rate, according to data above, fluid density can be calculated using following formula：
ρf=K ω2
Κ=κ ρshL/U2
Wherein, ρfFor fluid density, K is known physical parameter, and ω is diaphragm oscillations frequency, and κ is known proportion coefficient, ρs
For vibrating diaphragm density, h is vibrating diaphragm thickness, and L is vibrating diaphragm length, and U is fluid flow rate.
According to the measuring device of fluid density provided by the invention, sensed in the fluid engaging friction generator of constant flow rate
After device, data acquisition processing device acquisition process friction generator sensor output ac signal and constant-current device output
The flow velocity electric signal of fluid, it is corresponding respectively to obtain diaphragm oscillations frequency and fluid flow rate, and according to diaphragm oscillations frequency and fluid
Flow velocity obtains fluid density.The measuring device of fluid density provided by the invention can measure fluid density in real time, precisely reliable, and
Its is simple in structure, easily operated.Simultaneously because its is simple in structure, cause its cost of manufacture cheap, is suitble to large-scale industry metaplasia
Production.
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the measuring device embodiment two of fluid density provided by the invention.As shown in figure 4,
On the basis of embodiment one shown in FIG. 1, the measuring device of fluid density further includes：Fluid source device 400, fluid source device
400 are connected with constant-current device 200, are arranged on the right side of constant-current device 200, under the action of constant-current device 200 to rubbing
It wipes and injects fluid in generating transducer 100.Fluid is in the presence of off and in order to prevent, can pass through fluid source device
400 are adjusted control, to ensure that fluid continues to flow into constant-current device 200, and then continue to flow into friction generator sensor
In 100.Constant-current device 200 in the measuring device of fluid density shown in Fig. 4 is from fluid source device 400 by lasting fluid
It is sucked with constant flow velocity, the fluid of constant flow rate is made to be flowed into friction generator sensor 100 from right side.
When measuring device shown in Fig. 4 uses Fig. 2 and friction generator sensor shown in Fig. 3, since fluid is in perseverance
Under the adjusting control for flowing device 200, friction generator sensor 100 is flowed into after flowing through constant-current device 200 from right side, therefore the hair that rubs
The fluid input port of electromechanical transducer 100 is connected with the delivery outlet of the constant-current device 200 on the right side of it.That is, fluid source
Fluid is inputted from the fluid input port of friction generator sensor 100 in device 400, from the stream of friction generator sensor 100
Body delivery outlet exports, to ensure the normal vibration of the vibrating diaphragm 140 of friction generator sensor 100.
In addition, fluid source device 400 can be also electrically connected with data acquisition processing device 300, in constant-current device 200
The fluid of known density is injected under effect into friction generator sensor 100, and exports the density electricity of the fluid of known density
Signal is to data acquisition processing device 300.300 acquisition process fluid source device 400 of data acquisition processing device exports known
The density electric signal of the fluid of density, obtains the density of the fluid of known density.
Except it is above-mentioned it is different in addition to, the measuring device of the fluid density of embodiment two shown in Fig. 4 with embodiment shown in FIG. 1
The measuring device of one fluid density is identical, and details are not described herein again.
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the measuring device embodiment three of fluid density provided by the invention.Implementation shown in fig. 5
The measuring device of the fluid density of the measuring device embodiment two as shown in fig. 4 of the fluid density of example three difference lies in：Stream
Body source device 400 is connected with friction generator sensor 100, is arranged in the left side of friction generator sensor 100.Work as Fig. 5
Shown in measuring device use Fig. 2 and friction generator sensor shown in Fig. 3 when, since fluid is in the tune of constant-current device 200
Under section control, from left side inflow friction generator sensor 100 to constant-current device 200, therefore the stream of friction generator sensor 100
Body delivery outlet is connected with the input port of the constant-current device 200 on the right side of it.That is, fluid is from rubbing in fluid source device 400
The fluid input port input for wiping generating transducer 100, exports from the fluid outlet of friction generator sensor 100, to protect
Demonstrate,prove the normal vibration of the vibrating diaphragm 140 of friction generator sensor 100.
In addition to above-mentioned difference, the measuring device embodiment as shown in fig. 4 of the fluid density of embodiment three shown in fig. 5
The measuring device of two fluid density is identical, and details are not described herein again.
In addition, the known proportion coefficient in above-mentioned each embodiment is by the measuring device into above-mentioned each embodiment
The fluid of injection known density is measured by experiment repeatedly, described in detail below.
When injecting the fluid of known density into fluid source device 400 shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, fluid source device 400
In the fluid of known density can be injected into friction generator sensor 100 with constant flow velocity by constant-current device 200.This
When, it, can be by the density of the fluid of known density since fluid source device 400 is electrically connected with data acquisition processing device 300
Electric signal output is to data acquisition processing device 300.300 acquisition process fluid source device 400 of data acquisition processing device exports
Known density fluid density electric signal, obtain the density of the fluid of known density.Therefore, in the stream for obtaining known density
The density of body and the vibrating diaphragm of friction generator sensor 100 fix (i.e. vibrating diaphragm density, vibrating diaphragm thickness, vibrating diaphragm length be it is fixed
Numerical value) in the case of, data acquisition processing device 300 is after obtaining diaphragm oscillations frequency and fluid flow rate, according to data above,
The formula proposed using embodiment one, can further be converted and known proportion coefficient is calculated：
K=ρf/ω2
κ=KU2/ρshL
Wherein, κ is known proportion coefficient, and K is known physical parameter, ρfFor fluid density, ω is diaphragm oscillations frequency, ρs
For vibrating diaphragm density, h is vibrating diaphragm thickness, and L is vibrating diaphragm length, and U is fluid flow rate.
According to the measuring device of fluid density provided by the invention, experiment can be repeated, further calibration correction is
Proportionality coefficient is known, to keep the measurement to fluid density more accurate.It is of course also possible to directly by the density of the fluid of known density
Known proportion coefficient is calculated in setting in data acquisition processing device 300, or directly by the known proportion system after determination
Number is arranged in data acquisition processing device 300, to avoid the process of above-mentioned measurement known proportion coefficient.
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the measuring device example IV of fluid density provided by the invention.Implementation shown in fig. 6
The measuring device of the fluid density of the measuring device embodiment two as shown in fig. 4 of the fluid density of example four difference lies in：Stream
Body source device 400 is controllable pressure compressed air source unit.Wherein, controllable pressure compressed air source unit 400 respectively with friction generator sensor
100 are connected with constant-current device 200, can be also electrically connected with data acquisition processing device 300.As shown in fig. 6, friction generator passes
Sensor 100 and constant-current device 200 are arranged in controllable pressure compressed air source unit 400, the gas that controllable pressure compressed air source unit 400 provides
It can be flowed through by the channel that friction generator sensor 100 and constant-current device 200 connect.Controllable pressure compressed air source unit 400 is used
In the pressure for adjusting fluid, the steady flow under different pressure is injected into friction generator sensor 100 by constant-current device 200
The fluid of speed, and corresponding pressure electric signal is exported to data acquisition processing device 300.
Data acquisition processing device 300 is further used for：The different pressures that acquisition process controllable pressure compressed air source unit 400 exports
The pressure electric signal of fluid under by force obtains the pressure of the fluid under corresponding different pressure, according to the fluid under different pressure
Pressure and known physical parameter, the density of the fluid under different pressure is calculated.It is known that physical parameter includes：Reason
Think gas constant and the thermodynamic temperature of perfect gas.
Specifically, the pressure P and density p of fluid itselffBetween there are P=ρfThe relationship of RT (The Ideal-Gas Equation),
In, R is ideal gas constant, and T is the thermodynamic temperature of perfect gas, that is to say, that there are linear relationships with density for pressure, can
Achieve the purpose that change density by changing pressure.Therefore, according to The Ideal-Gas Equation formula, difference can be calculated
The density of fluid under pressure.
Data acquisition processing device is further used for：It is passed according to the density of the fluid under different pressure, friction generator
The vibrating diaphragm that data acquisition processing device acquisition process obtains when the physical parameter of sensor and the fluid injected under different pressure shakes
Known proportion coefficient is calculated in dynamic frequency and fluid flow rate.
Known proportion coefficient generally requires to carry out test inhabitant area amendment repeatedly according to actual conditions in practical applications, in order to
More accurate fluid density can be obtained, using measuring device shown in example IV, according to The Ideal-Gas Equation P=
ρfRT by changing gas pressure intensity to change gas density, and then measures using following formula the known ratio under arbitrary density value
Example coefficient, further measures more accurate gas density to known proportion coefficient calibration correction：
K=ρf/ω2
κ=KU2/ρshL
Wherein, κ is known proportion coefficient, and K is known physical parameter, ρfFor fluid density, ω is diaphragm oscillations frequency, ρs
For vibrating diaphragm density, h is vibrating diaphragm thickness, and L is vibrating diaphragm length, and U is fluid flow rate.
According to the measuring device of fluid density provided by the invention, experiment can be repeated, further the known ratio of calibration
Example coefficient, to keep the measurement to fluid density more accurate.
In addition to above-mentioned difference, the measuring device embodiment as shown in fig. 4 of the fluid density of example IV shown in fig. 6
The measuring device of two fluid density is identical, and details are not described herein again.
It should be noted that the fluid density measurement device of embodiment one to embodiment three is applicable not only to gas density
It measures, is also applied for the measurement of fluid density；And the fluid density measurement device of example IV is only applicable to the survey of gas density
Amount.
Fig. 7 is the flow chart of the measurement method embodiment of fluid density provided by the invention, as shown in fig. 7, the present embodiment
Method specifically comprise the following steps：
Step S101 injects fluid using constant-current device into friction generator sensor.
Friction generator sensor includes：Shell, electrode, friction plate, vibrating diaphragm and vibrating diaphragm fixed frame, when there is fluid stream cross to shake
When film, vibrating diaphragm can be vibrated due to unstability, and the vibrating diaphragm vibrated can contact friction with friction plate, so that electrode is defeated
Go out ac signal.When using friction generator sensor, since vibrating diaphragm is component that is fixed, will not arbitrarily changing, therefore its
Vibrating diaphragm density, vibrating diaphragm thickness and vibrating diaphragm length are all the numerical value of known fixed namely the physical parameter of friction generator sensor
It is known fixed.Wherein, the physical parameter of friction generator sensor includes：Vibrating diaphragm density, vibrating diaphragm thickness and vibrating diaphragm length.
Constant-current device is arranged in the side of friction generator sensor, for fluid engaging friction generating transducer it
The flow velocity of preceding constant fluid.The flow velocity of pressure control fluid may be used in constant-current device, when fluid flowing causes change in flow,
Constant-current device automatic pressure regulation controls, with constant fluid flow rate.Constant-current device can select to close according to actual implementation situation
Suitable constant-current device, does not limit herein.
Step S102, the alternating current of the diaphragm oscillations output of friction generator sensor in acquisition process fluid injection
The flow velocity electric signal of signal and the fluid of constant-current device output, it is corresponding respectively to obtain diaphragm oscillations frequency and fluid flow rate.
Data acquisition processing device is electrically connected with friction generator sensor and constant-current device, can in fluid injection
With the flow velocity electric signal of the ac signal of acquisition process friction generator sensor output and the fluid of constant-current device output, divide
Diaphragm oscillations frequency and fluid flow rate Dui Ying not obtained.
Step S103, the diaphragm oscillations frequency and fluid flow rate obtained according to acquisition process obtain fluid density.
Specifically, fluid density is deposited with vibrating diaphragm density, vibrating diaphragm thickness, vibrating diaphragm length, diaphragm oscillations frequency and fluid flow rate
In proportionate relationship, wherein known proportion coefficient is by testing the coefficient measured repeatedly.Data acquisition processing device is known to
The diaphragm oscillations frequency and fluid flow rate that proportionality coefficient, the physical parameter of friction generator sensor and acquisition process obtain, meter
Calculation obtains fluid density.
The diaphragm oscillations frequency obtained according to known proportion coefficient, the physical parameter of friction generator sensor and acquisition process
Rate and fluid flow rate are calculated fluid density and further comprise：Fluid density is calculated using following formula：
ρf=K ω2
Κ=κ ρshL/U2
Wherein, ρfFor fluid density, K is known physical parameter, and ω is diaphragm oscillations frequency, and κ is known proportion coefficient, ρs
For vibrating diaphragm density, h is vibrating diaphragm thickness, and L is vibrating diaphragm length, and U is fluid flow rate.
The measurement method of the present embodiment can be applied in embodiment one to the measuring device of example IV measure and count
It calculates.According to the measurement method of fluid density provided by the invention, after the fluid engaging friction generating transducer of constant flow rate,
The fluid of the ac signal and constant-current device output of the output of data acquisition processing device acquisition process friction generator sensor
Flow velocity electric signal, respectively correspondence obtain diaphragm oscillations frequency and fluid flow rate, and according to diaphragm oscillations frequency and fluid flow rate
Obtain fluid density.The measurement method of fluid density provided by the invention can measure fluid density in real time, precisely reliable, and it is surveyed
Amount method and step is simple, is easy to calculate.
The measurement method of the present embodiment is applied in the measuring device of embodiment one, since fluid source dress is not arranged for it
It sets, therefore can known proportion system be directly calculated in the setting of the density of the fluid of known density in data acquisition processing device
Number, or directly the known proportion coefficient after determination is arranged in data acquisition processing device, to avoid determining known ratio
The process of example coefficient.
The measurement method of the present embodiment is applied in the measuring device of embodiment two and embodiment three, is filled using constant current
It sets and is injected before fluid into friction generator sensor, the fluid of known density is injected into fluid source device, at acquisition
The density electric signal for managing the fluid of the known density of fluid source device output, obtains the density of the fluid of known density.Pass through again
The fluid of known density in fluid source device is injected into friction generator sensor by constant-current device.It is close known to acquisition process
The ac signal and constant-current device of the diaphragm oscillations output of friction generator sensor export in the fluid injection of degree
The flow velocity electric signal of fluid, it is corresponding respectively to obtain diaphragm oscillations frequency and fluid flow rate.According to the density of the fluid of known density,
The physical parameter (i.e. vibrating diaphragm density, vibrating diaphragm thickness, vibrating diaphragm length) of friction generator sensor and the fluid note of known density
The diaphragm oscillations frequency and fluid flow rate that data acquisition processing device acquisition process obtains during entering, are carried using embodiment of the method
The formula gone out can be converted further and known proportion coefficient is calculated：
K=ρf/ω2
κ=KU2/ρshL
Wherein, κ is known proportion coefficient, and K is known physical parameter, ρfFor fluid density, ω is diaphragm oscillations frequency, ρs
For vibrating diaphragm density, h is vibrating diaphragm thickness, and L is vibrating diaphragm length, and U is fluid flow rate.
Optionally, the measurement method of the present embodiment is applied in the measuring device of example IV, is utilizing constant-current device
It is injected before fluid into friction generator sensor, injects fluid into controllable pressure compressed air source unit and generate under different pressure
Fluid.The pressure electric signal of fluid under the different pressure of acquisition process controllable pressure compressed air source unit output, obtains corresponding
The pressure of fluid under different pressure, according to the pressure of the fluid under different pressure and known physical parameter, (i.e. perfect gas is normal
The thermodynamic temperature of number and perfect gas), the density of the fluid under different pressure is calculated.
The fluid under different pressure is injected into friction generator sensor by constant-current device, acquisition process difference pressure
The ac signal of the diaphragm oscillations output of friction generator sensor and constant-current device output in fluid injection under by force
Fluid flow velocity electric signal, respectively correspondence obtain diaphragm oscillations frequency and fluid flow rate.According to the fluid under different pressure
Data acquisition processing device in fluid injection under density, the physical parameter of friction generator sensor and different pressure
The diaphragm oscillations frequency and fluid flow rate that acquisition process obtains, are calculated with reference to the calculation formula of above-mentioned known proportion coefficient
Know proportionality coefficient.
Known proportion coefficient generally requires to carry out test inhabitant area amendment repeatedly according to actual conditions in practical applications, in order to
More accurate fluid density can be obtained, using the device of example IV, constant-current device and friction generator sensor are set
In the controllable pressure compressed air source unit of a controllable pressure change.Due to gas pressure intensity P and gas density ρfThere are P=ρfRT
There are linear relationships for (The Ideal-Gas Equation), i.e. gas pressure intensity and gas density, it is possible to by changing gas pressure intensity
Achieve the purpose that change gas density, to measure the known proportion coefficient under arbitrary density value, and then to known proportion coefficient
It corrects calibration and measures more accurate gas density.
According to the measurement method of fluid density provided by the invention, experiment can be repeated, further calibration correction is
Proportionality coefficient is known, to keep the measurement to fluid density more accurate.
Various modules mentioned in the present invention, circuit are by hard-wired circuit, although some of which module, electricity
Road is integrated with software, but the present invention it is claimed be the corresponding function of integrated software hardware circuit, rather than just software
Itself.
It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that apparatus structure shown in attached drawing or embodiment is only schematical, table
Show logical construction.The module wherein shown as separating component may be or may not be to be physically separated, as module
The component of display may be or may not be physical module.
Finally it should be noted that be：Listed above is only specific embodiments of the present invention, the technology of certain this field
Personnel can be modified to the present invention and modification, if these modifications and variations belong to the claims in the present invention and its equivalent skill
Within the scope of art, it is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (19)
1. a kind of measuring device of fluid density, which is characterized in that including：Friction generator sensor, constant-current device and data
Acquisition processing device；Wherein,
The friction generator sensor is included in the vibrating diaphragm vibrated under fluid flow function, for that will be acted in fluid stream
Ac signal is converted to the vibration of lower generation；
The constant-current device is connected with the friction generator sensor, for being sensed into the friction generator in fluid
The flow velocity of constant fluid before device；
The data acquisition processing device is electrically connected with the friction generator sensor and the constant-current device respectively, for adopting
Collection handles the flow velocity telecommunications of the ac signal of the friction generator sensor output and the fluid of constant-current device output
Number, correspondence obtains diaphragm oscillations frequency and fluid flow rate respectively, is obtained according to the diaphragm oscillations frequency and the fluid flow rate
Fluid density.
2. the measuring device of fluid density according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include fluid source device, it is described
Fluid source device is connected with the friction generator sensor or the constant-current device, for the effect in the constant-current device
It is lower to inject fluid into the friction generator sensor.
3. the measuring device of fluid density according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the friction generator sensor is also
Including：Shell, electrode, friction plate and vibrating diaphragm fixed frame；
The enclosure be formed with suitable for fluid by through-hole；The electrode is arranged on the inner wall of the shell；It is described
Friction plate is located on the side surface that the electrode is not contacted with the inner wall of the shell；The vibrating diaphragm fixed frame is erected at described
On the inner wall of shell, the vibrating diaphragm is provided on the vibrating diaphragm fixed frame；
When fluid flows through the through-hole, the side table that vibration is not contacted with the friction plate with the electrode occurs for the vibrating diaphragm
Face contact friction generates ac signal, and is exported to the data acquisition processing device by the electrode.
4. the measuring device of fluid density according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the data acquisition processing device into
One step is used for：Described in being obtained according to known proportion coefficient, the physical parameter of the friction generator sensor and acquisition process
Diaphragm oscillations frequency and the fluid flow rate, are calculated the fluid density.
5. the measuring device of fluid density according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the friction generator sensor
Physical parameter includes：Vibrating diaphragm density, vibrating diaphragm thickness and vibrating diaphragm length.
6. the measuring device of fluid density according to claim 4 or 5, which is characterized in that the fluid source device also with
The data acquisition processing device electrical connection, is further used for：To the friction generator under the action of constant-current device
The fluid of injection known density in sensor, and density electric signal to the data for exporting the fluid of the known density acquire
Processing unit.
7. the measuring device of fluid density according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the data acquisition processing device into
One step is used for：The density electric signal of the fluid for the known density that fluid source device described in acquisition process exports obtains described known
The density of the fluid of density.
8. the measuring device of fluid density according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the data acquisition processing device into
One step is used for：According to the density of the fluid of the known density, the physical parameter of the friction generator sensor and injection
The diaphragm oscillations frequency and fluid flow rate that the data acquisition processing device acquisition process obtains when the fluid of the known density,
The known proportion coefficient is calculated.
9. the measuring device of fluid density according to claim 4 or 5, which is characterized in that the fluid source device is can
Governor pressure compressed air source unit, the controllable pressure compressed air source unit respectively with the friction generator sensor and the constant-current device phase
Connection, is also electrically connected with the data acquisition processing device, the pressure for adjusting fluid, by the constant-current device to described
Fluid in friction generator sensor under the different pressure of injection, and export at corresponding pressure electric signal to the data acquisition
Manage device.
10. the measuring device of fluid density according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the data acquisition processing device
It is further used for：The pressure electric signal of fluid under the different pressure that controllable pressure compressed air source unit described in acquisition process exports, obtains
The pressure of fluid under to corresponding different pressure, according to the pressure of the fluid under the different pressure and known physical parameter,
The density of the fluid under different pressure is calculated.
11. the measuring device of fluid density according to claim 10, which is characterized in that the known physical parameter packet
It includes：The thermodynamic temperature of ideal gas constant and perfect gas.
12. the measuring device of the fluid density according to claim 10 or 11, which is characterized in that the data acquisition process
Device is further used for：According to density, the physical parameter of the friction generator sensor of the fluid under the different pressure
And the diaphragm oscillations frequency that the data acquisition processing device acquisition process obtains when fluid under the injection different pressure
And fluid flow rate, the known proportion coefficient is calculated.
13. a kind of measurement method of fluid density, which is characterized in that utilize the survey of the fluid density of any one of claim 1-12
Amount device measures, and the measurement method includes：
Using constant-current device fluid is injected into friction generator sensor；
The ac signal of the diaphragm oscillations output of friction generator sensor described in fluid injection described in acquisition process
It is corresponding respectively to obtain diaphragm oscillations frequency and fluid flow rate with the flow velocity electric signal of the fluid of constant-current device output；
The diaphragm oscillations frequency and the fluid flow rate obtained according to acquisition process obtains fluid density.
14. the measurement method of fluid density according to claim 13, which is characterized in that described to be obtained according to acquisition process
The diaphragm oscillations frequency and the fluid flow rate obtain fluid density and further comprise：According to known proportion coefficient, friction
The diaphragm oscillations frequency and the fluid flow rate that the physical parameter and acquisition process of generating transducer obtain, are calculated
The fluid density.
15. the measurement method of fluid density according to claim 14, which is characterized in that the friction generator sensor
Physical parameter include：Vibrating diaphragm density, vibrating diaphragm thickness and vibrating diaphragm length.
16. the measurement method of fluid density according to claim 15, which is characterized in that described according to known proportion system
The diaphragm oscillations frequency and the fluid flow rate that number, the physical parameter of friction generator sensor and acquisition process obtain,
The fluid density is calculated to further comprise：
Fluid density is calculated using following formula：
ρf=K ω2
Κ=κ ρshL/U2
Wherein, ρfFor fluid density, K is known physical parameter, and ω is diaphragm oscillations frequency, and κ is known proportion coefficient, ρsTo shake
Film density, h are vibrating diaphragm thickness, and L is vibrating diaphragm length, and U is fluid flow rate.
17. the measurement method of the fluid density according to claims 14 or 15 or 16, which is characterized in that described using permanent
Stream device is injected into friction generator sensor before fluid, and the method further includes：
The fluid of known density is injected into fluid source device；
The density electric signal of the fluid for the known density that fluid source device described in acquisition process exports, obtains the known density
The density of fluid；
The fluid of the known density in the fluid source device friction generator is injected by the constant-current device to pass
In sensor；The diaphragm oscillations of friction generator sensor described in the fluid injection of known density described in acquisition process export
Ac signal and the constant-current device output fluid flow rate electric signal, respectively correspondence obtain diaphragm oscillations frequency and fluid
Flow velocity；
According to the density of the fluid of the known density, the physical parameter of the friction generator sensor and described known close
The diaphragm oscillations frequency and fluid flow rate that data acquisition processing device acquisition process described in the fluid injection of degree obtains, meter
Calculation obtains the known proportion coefficient.
18. the measurement method of the fluid density according to claims 14 or 15 or 16, which is characterized in that fluid source device is
Controllable pressure compressed air source unit, before the utilization constant-current device injects fluid into friction generator sensor, the method
Further include：
Inject fluid into the fluid generated in the controllable pressure compressed air source unit under different pressure；
The pressure electric signal of fluid under the different pressure that controllable pressure compressed air source unit described in acquisition process exports, obtains corresponding
The pressure of fluid under different pressure is calculated according to the pressure of the fluid under the different pressure and known physical parameter
The density of fluid under different pressure；
The fluid under the different pressure is injected into the friction generator sensor by the constant-current device；
The diaphragm oscillations output of friction generator sensor described in fluid injection under different pressure described in acquisition process
Ac signal and the constant-current device output fluid flow velocity electric signal, respectively correspondence obtain diaphragm oscillations frequency and stream
Body flow velocity；
According to the density of fluid, the physical parameter of the friction generator sensor and the difference under the different pressure
The diaphragm oscillations frequency and fluid stream that data acquisition processing device acquisition process described in fluid injection under pressure obtains
The known proportion coefficient is calculated in speed.
19. the measurement method of fluid density according to claim 18, which is characterized in that the known physical parameter packet
It includes：The thermodynamic temperature of ideal gas constant and perfect gas.
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| CN110501518B (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2021-09-21 | 大连海事大学 | Multi-medium speed meter based on friction nanometer power generation |
| CN112994508B (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2022-06-07 | 西安交通大学 | Density sensing device based on friction nano generator and method thereof |
| CN117347571B (en) * | 2023-12-04 | 2024-03-12 | 国网安徽省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Multi-parameter self-calibration method, device and system of mixed gas measuring device |
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