CN105987619A - 一种带板管复合换热片的闭式冷却塔 - Google Patents
一种带板管复合换热片的闭式冷却塔 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105987619A CN105987619A CN201510043074.8A CN201510043074A CN105987619A CN 105987619 A CN105987619 A CN 105987619A CN 201510043074 A CN201510043074 A CN 201510043074A CN 105987619 A CN105987619 A CN 105987619A
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000001070 adhesive Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound 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[Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc Chemical compound data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound 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[Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin hydride Chemical compound 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[Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
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- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
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- F28C1/00—Direct-contact trickle coolers, e.g. cooling towers
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种带板管复合换热片的闭式冷却塔，包括板管复合换热器、风机、溶液泵、喷淋器、溶液池和框架；所述板管复合换热器由多个板管复合换热片通过进口集管和出口集管连接组成；所述板管复合换热片，包括传热板片以及由换热管加工而成的盘管；所述传热板片设有安放槽，该安放槽的形状与盘管的形状匹配；盘管安放于安放槽内，盘管与安放槽之间的间隙填充有导热粘合层。本发明，导热粘合层使传热板片与盘管充分接触，使得盘管能通过换热板片产生肋化效应，增大有效换热面积；换热板片同时能引流溶液形成连续的溶液流面，增大溶液换热表面积；既提高换热效率，同时又有利于减小冷却塔体积。
Description
技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及热交换设备领域，具体涉及一种板片式、盘管式复合的换热型的闭式冷却塔。背景技术
[0002] 现阶段市场上闭式冷却塔均内置有换热器、风机和喷淋装置，所用盘管是横向盘管，盘管的换热管外表面一般为光滑表面，换热效率低，同时管外溶液蒸发换热面积小，盘管的间距需拉大来增加冷却溶液与空气的换热时间，使整个盘管体积庞大。另一方面，由于盘管的上下管之间无介质引导管外溶液(冷却水或防冻液)流动，当管外溶液自上而下降落时，在垂直风向的牵引下，管外溶液无序飘动易产生漂失，盘管外溶液膜不均匀，易存干点，降低换热能力并存在结垢风险。循环风向垂直于盘管(即循环风从每个换热管片所形成的平面空间穿过，并与换热管的直管段垂直)，盘管会存在迎风面和背风面，在背风面缺乏空气对流换热，降低盘管换热效率。为保证换热量，所配盘管长度则需加大，由于增加了金属材料的使用量，导致成本大大增加。发明内容
[0003] 针对上述现有技术不足，本发明要解决的技术问题是通过改变盘管的换热结构， 更大限度地提高换热效率。
[0004] 为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案为，一种带板管复合换热片的闭式冷却塔，该闭式冷却塔包括板管复合换热器、风机、溶液栗、喷淋器、溶液池和框架；所述板管复合换热器由多个板管复合换热片通过进口集管和出口集管连接组成；所述板管复合换热片，包括传热板片以及由换热管加工而成的盘管；所述传热板片设有安放槽，该安放槽的形状与盘管的形状匹配；盘管安放于安放槽内，盘管与安放槽之间的间隙填充有导热粘合层。传热板片能引导喷淋冷却水从上层换热管流向下层换热管，提高冷却水的利用率；同时由于导热粘合层填充满盘管与传热板片之间的间隙，使盘管与传热板片充分接触，传热板片从而成为盘管的肋片，增大盘管的有效换热面积。
[0005] 作为优选，所述导热粘合层为金属填充物。这样的结构可采用浸泡液态金属再冷却的方式实现，使导热粘合层能充分地填充至间隙中，而且金属的导热性能好，进一步提高传热板片的肋化作用。
[0006] 更优地，所述盘管与安放槽之间的间隙小于10毫米。这样的结构间隙小，当进行液态金属浸泡时，由于液态金属的黏性，液体金属会发生毛细管作用，在渗透至传热板片与盘管接触面的内部后，能在接触面内形成一层均匀的薄填充物，不仅使传热板片与盘管完全融接为一个整体，而且填充层很薄从而减少了传热板片与盘管之间的接触热阻。
[0007] 更优地，所述传热板片还冲压有若干限位槽和/或定位焊点。这样的结构可以保证在浸泡液态金属时，盘管与传热板片之间的间隙能保证足够小。
[0008] 作为优选，所述金属填充物为锌、锡、铝、铜中的一种或多种。这几种金属熔点低、价格便宜，用于液态金属浸泡，具有极高性价比。
[0009] 优选方式还可以为，所述导热粘合层为导热粘胶。直接使用导热粘胶使加工更简便。
[0010] 作为优选，所述板管复合换热片纵向设置，即所述风机吹的冷却风沿所述盘管的大致长度方向流动。冷却风向与盘管长度方向一致，不存在背风面，减少换热盘管表面干点，减少换热盘管结垢风险。
[0011] 本发明的一种带板管复合换热片的闭式冷却塔，与现有技术相比，具有如下有益效果:
[0012] 1)导热粘合层使传热板片与盘管充分接触，使得盘管能通过换热板片产生肋化效应，增大有效换热面积；
[0013] 2)换热板片同时能引流溶液形成连续的溶液流面，增大溶液换热表面积；
[0014] 既提高换热效率，同时又有利于减小冷却塔体积。
[0015] 上述说明仅是本发明技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本发明的技术手段， 而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本发明的上述和其他目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下特举较佳实施例，并配合附图，详细说明如下。附图说明
[0016] 图1是本发明一种带板管复合换热片的闭式冷却塔的结构示意图。
[0017] 图2是本发明一种带板管复合换热片的闭式冷却塔的板管复合换热片结构示意图。
[0018] 图3是本发明一种带板管复合换热片的闭式冷却塔的板管复合换热片的传热板片结构示意图。
[0019] 图4是图2沿A-A线的剖面图；
[0020] 图5是应用本发明一种带板管复合换热片的闭式冷却塔的空调系统的结构示意图。具体实施方式[〇〇21] 为更进一步阐述本发明为达成预定发明目的所采取的技术手段及功效，以下结合附图及较佳实施例，对依据本发明的具体实施方式、结构、特征及其功效，详细说明如下:
[0022] 如图1所示，本发明的一种带板管复合换热片的闭式冷却塔，夏季制冷时，为空调系统的冷凝器提供冷却水，冬季制热时，利用水或防冻液提取空气中的热源。该闭式冷却塔包括板管复合换热器8、风机4、溶液栗5、喷淋器6、溶液池7和框架9 ;板管复合换热器8位于喷淋器6与溶液池7之间，喷淋器6与溶液池7通过溶液栗5连通，风机4安装与框架9 上且位于板管复合换热器8的一端。所述板管复合换热器8由多个板管复合换热片通过进口集管和出口集管连接组成；所述板管复合换热片，包括传热板片2以及由换热管加工而成的盘管1 (所述加工可以为对长换热管弯曲成盘管，也可以是把弯段的换热管与直段的换热管焊接在一起成为盘管)；所述传热板片2设有安放槽21，该安放槽21的形状与盘管 1的形状匹配；盘管1安放于安放槽21内，盘管1与安放槽21之间的间隙填充有导热粘合层3 ;所述盘管1内部和外部的换热介质各自组成封闭循环，两者间传热不传质。
[0023] 本实施例中盘管1由换热管连续S形弯曲而成，其中换热管的直线段大致基本平行，也可以不平行，该盘管1也可以采用其他适用于蒸发冷凝器内的其它形状。盘管1的换热管可以采用铜管、不锈钢管或镀锌钢管等，其内部流道的截面形状可为圆形、椭圆形、螺旋形、波纹形或橄榄形等形状。作为本领域人员可以理解的是，盘管1内外表面可以采用光滑表面，优选采用设有内、外螺纹的强化传热表面，同时所述盘管1外表面也可设有亲水或防腐涂层。该盘管1设有流道的入口及出口，用于与进口集管、出口集管连接。
[0024] 如图3和图4所示，所述传热板片2的设有安放槽21，本实施例中，该安放槽21通过对传热板片2进行冲压的方式实现，也可以是在生产传热板片2是直接成型；该安放槽 21的形状与盘管1的形状匹配。盘管1安放于安放槽21内，盘管1与安放槽21之间的间隙填充有导热粘合层3。本实施例中，所述导热粘合层3为冷却后的液态锌。将传热板片 2、盘管1在高温的液态锌内浸泡，使液态的锌流进盘管1与安放槽21的间隙中，将间隙填满，液态金属的黏性使两者粘紧，液态金属冷却凝固为固态时，成为导热粘合层3,填充于盘管1与安放槽21之间，将两者固定。除了锌外，还可以选用锡、铝、铜等金属或其金属组合， 它们都具有熔点低、价格便宜的特点，性价比高。
[0025] 进一步地，本实施例中，所述盘管1与安放槽21之间的间隙小于10毫米，当进行液态金属浸泡时，由于液态金属的黏性，液体金属会发生毛细管作用，在渗透至传热板片2 与盘管1的接触面内部后，能使在接触的间隙内形成的导热粘合层3均匀且厚度薄，不仅使传热板片2与盘管1完全融接为一个整体，而且由于导热粘合层3的厚度薄，有效减少了传热板片2与盘管1之间的接触热阻。盘管1与安放槽21之间的间隙越小，液态金属渗透的毛细管作用越明显，形成的导热粘合层3会越均匀，相对地成本和加工难度却越大；10毫米的间隙宽度为成本最优选择，而5毫米的间隙宽度为最优性价比选择，3毫米以内为均匀效果最优选择。更进一步地，为保证浸泡高温液态金属时，盘管1与传热板片2之间的间距能足够小，可以在传热板片2冲压出若干限位槽和/或定位焊点(图未示出)，在浸泡之前，通过限位槽限位安装或定位焊点部分焊接，先对盘管1实现预固定。也可以采用夹具的方式使两者先预固定，但操作较复杂。
[0026] 盘管1的热量通过导热粘合层3传导至传热板片2,传热板片2成为盘管1的肋片，大大增加换热面积，直接强化盘管1的换热效果；同时传热板片2又具有引导冷却溶液的效果，使冷却溶液在传热板片2的表面形成连续水流，避免冷却溶液无序飞水，提高冷却溶液利用率。此外，由于传热板片2为一个整体，能避免与盘管1耦合处的冷却溶液交错流动，保证布水率。
[0027] 另一方面，所述导热粘合层3可以采用导热粘胶代替；只需把导热粘胶均匀涂抹在传热板片2的安放槽21处，再直接把盘管1安放进安放槽21内即可粘合(对于部分需要组合使用的导热粘胶，则还需在盘管1上涂抹配合的导热粘胶)，安装简便、工艺简单。但现有的导热粘胶，例如有机硅导热胶、环氧树脂AB胶、聚氨酯导热胶等，其导热能力都不如锌、铝等金属强，而且在布胶过程中容易出现不均匀现象，导致盘管1粘合到安放槽21内时可能会出现空气层隔热现象，影响换热效率。
[0028] 此外，还可以在传热板片2上设置开孔、波纹、折弯、导水槽、燕尾槽、加强筋等结构，以实现增加布水效果、防止飞水以及增强坚固性等效果。更进一步地，可在安放槽21处开设若干长条形孔、圆孔或其他形状的通孔(图未示出)，当盘管1安置于安放槽21内的时候，可以有一部分露出于安放槽21外，可直接与冷却溶液接触，此种做法可以增大盘管与冷却溶液的直接接触面积，同时开孔处由于不平整对冷却溶液流动有扰动的作用可强化铜管换热，但在一定程度上弱化了传热板片的肋化作用。
[0029] 工作过程:图5所示，为本发明的一种带板管复合换热片的闭式冷却塔应用于空调系统的情况(不限于空调系统)，还包括压缩机11、水冷式冷凝器12、节流装置13、蒸发器14和循环栗15,形成制冷循环系统。高温流体(制冷剂)由压缩机11的出口送出，依次经过水冷式冷凝器12,被降温变成低温流体后进入节流装置13和蒸发器14,最后由压缩机11的进口进入压缩机，从而形成制冷循环模式；同时，板管复合换热器8与水冷式冷凝器 12、循环栗15组成闭式冷却水循环，其中，冷却水在经过水冷式冷凝器12时被加热后进入板管复合换热器的进口 81集管，此后被降温并从出口集管82流出。
[0030] 上述实施方式仅为本发明的优选实施方式，不能以此来限定本发明保护的范围， 本领域的技术人员在本发明的基础上所做的任何非实质性的变化及替换均属于本发明所要求保护的范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种带板管复合换热片的闭式冷却塔，其特征在于:包括板管复合换热器、风机、溶 液栗、喷淋器、溶液池和框架；所述板管复合换热器由多个板管复合换热片通过进口集管和 出口集管连接组成；所述板管复合换热片，包括传热板片以及由换热管加工而成的盘管； 所述传热板片设有安放槽，该安放槽的形状与盘管的形状匹配；盘管安放于安放槽内，盘管 与安放槽之间的间隙填充有导热粘合层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种带板管复合换热片的闭式冷却塔，其特征在于:所述导 热粘合层为金属填充物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种带板管复合换热片的闭式冷却塔，其特征在于:所述盘 管与安放槽之间的间隙小于10毫米。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种带板管复合换热片的闭式冷却塔，其特征在于:所述传 热板片还冲压有若干限位槽和/或定位焊点。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种带板管复合换热片的闭式冷却塔，其特征在于:所述金 属填充物为锌、锡、铝、铜中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种带板管复合换热片的闭式冷却塔，其特征在于:所述导 热粘合层为导热粘胶。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种带板管复合换热片的闭式冷却塔，其特征在于:所述板 管复合换热片纵向设置，即所述风机吹的冷却风沿所述盘管的大致长度方向流动。
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| CN202770066U (zh) * | 2012-09-17 | 2013-03-06 | 江苏亚光金属制品有限公司 | 高效电冰箱蒸发器 |
| CN203224148U (zh) * | 2013-02-04 | 2013-10-02 | 广州市华德工业有限公司 | 一种带填料耦合盘管的闭式冷却塔及空调系统 |
| CN103983072A (zh) * | 2014-05-23 | 2014-08-13 | 陈定邦 | 高效冰箱及其蒸发器 |
| CN204787917U (zh) * | 2015-01-28 | 2015-11-18 | 广州市华德工业有限公司 | 一种带板管复合换热片的闭式冷却塔 |
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| CN108981416A (zh) * | 2018-08-07 | 2018-12-11 | 中国能源建设集团广东省电力设计研究院有限公司 | 洗涤塔尾气降温装置及气体净化系统 |
| CN108981416B (zh) * | 2018-08-07 | 2020-10-09 | 中国能源建设集团广东省电力设计研究院有限公司 | 洗涤塔尾气降温装置及气体净化系统 |
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| CN105987619B (zh) | 2018-11-16 |
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