CN105986921B - Piston for internal combustion engine, the internal combustion engine including it and its manufacturing method - Google Patents
Piston for internal combustion engine, the internal combustion engine including it and its manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105986921B CN105986921B CN201610147612.2A CN201610147612A CN105986921B CN 105986921 B CN105986921 B CN 105986921B CN 201610147612 A CN201610147612 A CN 201610147612A CN 105986921 B CN105986921 B CN 105986921B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/10—Pistons having surface coverings
- F02F3/12—Pistons having surface coverings on piston heads
- F02F3/14—Pistons having surface coverings on piston heads within combustion chambers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/10—Pistons having surface coverings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/10—Pistons having surface coverings
- F02F3/12—Pistons having surface coverings on piston heads
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to for internal combustion engine piston, including its internal combustion engine and its manufacturing method.The piston includes: the thermal isolation film on the upper surface for the ring shore that the piston is arranged in, and the thermal isolation film is with the pyroconductivity lower than piston base material and has the volumetric heat capacity lower than the piston base material；With the ring shore is set side surface on the first thermal protection film, the first thermal protection film with the pyroconductivity lower than the piston base material and have the volumetric heat capacity higher than the thermal isolation film.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the piston, the internal combustion engine including this piston and this pistons that are used for internal combustion engine (internal combustion engine)
Manufacturing method.
Background technique
For example, a kind of conventional piston for internal combustion engine is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No.2009-243355,
It is wherein formed with the pyroconductivity lower than piston base material (base material) and has than piston base material on the upper surface of ring shore
The thermal isolation film of low volumetric heat capacity.Thermal isolation film with this thermal characteristics allows the temperature of the upper surface of ring shore to follow
The temperature of working media in the cylinder of internal combustion engine.Also that is, during the fire stroke of interior combustion engine, the temperature of the upper surface of ring shore
Degree can rise, and during suction stroke, the temperature of upper surface can decline.It therefore, can be by during reducing fire stroke
Cooling loss improves fuel efficiency, and inhibits the pinking due to caused by the heating of working media during suction stroke or different
The generation often burnt.
Another piston for being used for internal combustion engine is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No.11-280545, wherein in ring bank
The Ferrious material material with the thermal diffusivity lower than piston base material (specifically, aluminium alloy) is provided on the side surface in portion.If
Setting the metal material with such thermal characteristics can be such that the temperature around metal material rises.It therefore, can be by promoting to adhere to
In on the surface of metal material or the evaporation of surrounding liquid fuel and gasification improve the efficiency of combustion of internal combustion engine.
Summary of the invention
Forming the thermal isolation film with the thermal characteristics as disclosed in JP 2009-243355 A on the upper surface of ring shore
The disadvantage is that, the temperature with upper surface rises during fire stroke, the viscosity of working media rises, so that working media
Mobility declines and is prone to burning and deteriorates.Once burning occurs to deteriorate, under normal conditions during fire stroke time
The flame of the internal communication of cloth cylinder can not reach the side surface of ring shore.Then, existing nothing around the side surface of ring shore
The working media that method is burnt during fire stroke remains in around side surface.In addition, as new working media is in fire stroke
It is flowed into cylinder during suction stroke later, the working media remained in around the side surface of ring shore is cooled, so that work
Make the fuel in medium to condense and be attached to side surface.
About this problem, the gold of JP 11-280545 A is set on the side surface of the ring shore of JP 2009-243355 A
Category material can permit the temperature around metal material and easily rise.However, JP 11-280545 A indicates metal material
Thermal diffusivity but do not refer to the volumetric heat capacity of metal material.Therefore, when the ring shore in JP 2009-243355 A
Side surface on be arranged JP 11-280545 A metal material when, even if the temperature on the surface of metal material can be due to metal material
The low thermal diffusivity of material and rise during fire stroke and instroke, the temperature on surface is during next suction stroke
It may also decline.Therefore, if working media due to burn as described above deteriorate and be transferred to suction stroke, in suction stroke
Fuel in period working media condenses and is attached to the surface of metal material.
In addition, the metal material of JP 11-280545 A be arranged in the upper surface slave ring shore of the side surface of ring shore to
On part among second ring bank.In other words, which is not only provided on the side surface of top ring bank, and is arranged
On the side surface of second ring bank.Therefore, hamper from the upper surface of ring shore via be assemblied in be located at top ring bank and the second ring
Piston ring (that is, top ring) in groove between bank is transmitted to the heat of the inner wall of cylinder.As a result, hot during suction stroke
The new working media flowed into cylinder can be transferred to from thermal isolation film, and working media is heated.Therefore, although in ring shore
Thermal isolation film is formd on upper surface, and pinking or abnormal combustion also occurs.
At least one problem in solve the above-mentioned problems and planned the present invention.Also that is, one object of the present invention
It is to inhibit fuel to be attached to the side surface of ring shore and inhibit working media in the suction stroke phase in the piston for internal combustion engine
Between heating, in the piston, be formed on the upper surface of ring shore have the pyroconductivity and tool lower than piston base material
There is the thermal isolation film of the volumetric heat capacity lower than piston base material.
The first aspect of the present invention is a kind of piston for internal combustion engine, and the piston includes: that the piston is arranged in
Thermal isolation film on the upper surface of ring shore, the thermal isolation film is with the pyroconductivity lower than piston base material and has than the piston
The low volumetric heat capacity of substrate；With the ring shore is set side surface on the first thermal protection (heat keep) film, it is described
First thermal protection film is with the pyroconductivity lower than the piston base material and has the volumetric heat capacity higher than the thermal isolation film.
The second aspect of the present invention is the piston according to first aspect, in which: the first thermal protection film is arranged in top ring
In a part of the side surface of bank；The top ring bank is the upper portion of the groove of the ratio assembly top ring of the ring shore
Position；And the side surface of the upper surface side positioned at the ring shore of the top ring bank has being located at than the top ring bank
The high heat preservation in the side surface of the lower face side of the ring shore (thermal protection) effect.
The third aspect of the present invention is the piston according to first aspect or second aspect, in which: the first thermal protection film is set
It sets on the side surface of top ring bank；The top ring bank is that the groove of the ratio assembly top ring of the ring shore is upper
Position；And the position of piston base material groove described in the ratio of the side surface of the ring shore more on the lower is exposed.
The fourth aspect of the present invention is a kind of include the face either into the third aspect according to first aspect piston
Internal combustion engine, in which: be provided with the second thermal protection film on the inner wall of cylinder for storing the piston；The second thermal protection film setting
In the position for the side surface opposite direction for making the second thermal protection film and the ring shore when the piston is located at lower dead center；And institute
The second thermal protection film is stated with volumetric heat capacity lower than the piston base material and higher than the thermal isolation film.
The fifth aspect of the present invention is a kind of manufacturing method of piston for internal combustion engine, and the piston includes: that setting exists
Thermal isolation film on the upper surface of the ring shore of the piston, the thermal isolation film have the pyroconductivity lower than piston base material and have
The volumetric heat capacity lower than the piston base material；With the ring shore is set side surface on the first thermal protection film, institute
The first thermal protection film is stated with the pyroconductivity lower than the piston base material and there is the heat capacity per unit volume higher than the thermal isolation film
Amount, the manufacturing method include: and to piston base material progress anodized in the upper surface of the ring shore
It is upper to form the thermal isolation film；And after forming the thermal isolation film, in the ring shore and with insulating materials formation film
Side surface on form the first thermal protection film, the insulating materials has the pyroconductivity lower than the piston base material and has
The volumetric heat capacity higher than the thermal isolation film.
According in a first aspect, with the pyroconductivity lower than piston base material and there is the heat capacity per unit volume higher than thermal isolation film
The thermal protection film of amount is formed on the side surface of ring shore, and it is flat during a circulation of internal combustion engine to allow to the side surface
Equal temperature rises and the temperature of the side surface of ring shore is inhibited to decline during suction stroke.Therefore, even if in particular cycle
Existing working media is remained during fire stroke without burning and being transferred to suction stroke around the side surface of ring shore, the work
Making medium can also burn during the fire stroke after suction stroke.Therefore, fuel can be inhibited to be attached to the side table of ring shore
Face.
From the point of view of ring shore side surface the case where, the temperature of the side surface increases with a distance from the upper surface of ring shore
And decline.Therefore, if around the side surface of ring shore existing working media remained during fire stroke and it is unburned simultaneously
It is transferred to suction stroke, then the possibility that the fuel in remaining working media condenses in the region closer to the lower surface of ring shore
Property it is high.In this respect, according to second aspect, the thermal protection effect of the side surface of top ring bank is in the lower face side of ring shore ratio upper
Surface side is high, to can inhibit the solidifying of the fuel in remaining working media well in the region closer to lower surface
Knot.
According to the third aspect, piston base material can be located to expose more on the lower in the groove than assembling top ring, allow to
Increase from the upper surface of ring shore via the heat output of the inside of ring shore and the inner wall of top circumferential direction cylinder.Therefore, can press down
Heating of the working media processed during suction stroke.
Substantially, the temperature of the inner wall of cylinder declines with closer with a distance from crankcase.It is therefore contemplated that shape
Temperature at the thermal protection film on the side surface of ring shore is minimum at nearest lower dead center with a distance from crankcase.In this side
Face, according to fourth aspect, the thermal protection film with volumetric heat capacity lower than piston base material and higher than thermal isolation film is formed in gas
When piston is located at lower dead center and on the inner wall of the side surface opposite direction of ring shore of cylinder, so that on being formed in the side surface
At the minimum position of the temperature of thermal protection film, existing working media can be by the thermal protection that is formed on inner wall around the side surface
Film heating.Therefore, fuel can be inhibited to be attached to the side surface of ring shore.
If forming thermal isolation film, anodic oxidation reactions by anodized after the film for forming insulating materials
It is suppressed and the structure of thermal isolation film to be formed and film thickness can change.In this respect, according to the 5th aspect, can by
Formed using anodized and form film with insulating materials after thermal isolation film and form thermal protection film, so as to well formed every
Hotting mask.
Detailed description of the invention
Illustrate the feature, advantage and technology and industrial significance of exemplary embodiments of the present invention below with reference to accompanying drawings,
Similar appended drawing reference indicates similar element in the accompanying drawings, and wherein:
Fig. 1 is the perspective view of the piston of embodiment according to the present invention；
Fig. 2 is schematic cross sectional views of the piston of Fig. 1 when the piston is accommodated in the cylinder of spark-ignited internal combustion engine；
Fig. 3 is the upper surface for showing the temperature and ring shore of the working media during a circulation of internal combustion engine in cylinder
Temperature variation view；
Fig. 4 is the mean temperature shown ceramic membrane during a circulation of internal combustion engine, the unit bodies accumulated heat of the ceramic membrane
The view of relationship between capacity and unburned HC reducing effect；
Fig. 5 is the view for showing the heat output of the side surface from the upper surface of ring shore to piston；
Fig. 6 is the view for showing the heat output of the side surface from the upper surface of ring shore to piston；
Fig. 7 is the view for showing the modification of piston of embodiment according to the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the view for showing the modification of piston of embodiment according to the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the view for showing the modification of piston of embodiment according to the present invention；
Figure 10 is to be formed with the piston of porous corrosion protection aluminium film, ceramic membrane and hard corrosion protection aluminium film thereon to be accommodated in the piston
Schematic cross sectional views when in the cylinder of compression-ignition internal combustion engine；
Figure 11 is the schematic cross sectional views of the internal combustion engine of embodiment according to the present invention；And
Figure 12 is the flow chart for showing the manufacturing method of piston of embodiment according to the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below by embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.Identical component will be endowed identical attached between each figure
Icon is remembered and will omit its repeated explanation.The present invention is not limited by following implementation.
[piston for internal combustion engine] is firstly, the embodiment that will illustrate referring to Fig.1 piston of the invention.Fig. 1 is basis
The perspective view of the piston 10 of embodiments of the present invention.As the pot type piston for internal combustion engine, piston 10 is to pass through casting
As piston base material aluminium alloy and formed.As shown in Figure 1, piston 10 includes cylindric skirt section 12, in the upper of skirt section 12
The ring shore 14 for the predetermined thickness that end is formed and the pin protrusion 16 of supporting piston pin (not shown), the side surface in skirt section 12 and gas
The inner wall of cylinder (not shown) is in contact.Groove 18,20,22 is formed in the side surface of ring shore 14, three piston rings are (not
Show) it is respectively assembled in the groove.On the upper surface (being hereafter also referred to as " piston-top surface ") of ring shore 14, it is formed with
For avoiding interference with the half moon-shaped valve recess portion 24,26,28,30 of intake and exhaust valves (being not shown).
Fig. 2 is section with Fig. 1 of the piston 10 of Fig. 1 when piston 10 is accommodated in the cylinder of spark-ignited internal combustion engine
The corresponding schematic cross sectional views of 2A-2A.In Fig. 2, piston 10 is located at top dead centre.As shown in Fig. 2, the shape on piston-top surface
At there is porous corrosion protection aluminium film 32.In ring shore 14 slave the side surface of groove 18 to piston-top surface, that is, in the side of top ring bank
On surface, it is formed with ceramic membrane 34.Hard corrosion protection aluminium film 36 is formed on the surface of groove 18,20,22.On the other hand, living
Substrate is filled in expose at the position of the lower surface (not shown) slave groove 18 to ring shore 14 of the side surface of ring shore 14.For example,
Piston base material is in side surface (that is, side surface of second ring bank) of the ring shore 14 between groove 18 and groove 20 and ring
Expose the side surface (that is, side surface of third ring bank) between groove 20 and groove 22 in bank portion 14.
Porous corrosion protection aluminium film 32 and hard corrosion protection aluminium film 36 are both by carrying out sun to piston base material (that is, aluminium alloy)
Pole oxidation processes and formed.However, the characteristic and film thickness of porous corrosion protection aluminium film 32 and hard corrosion protection aluminium film 36 in alumite
(film thickness is the thickness on the axially vertical direction with cylinder；Similarly hereinafter) aspect is different from each other.Specifically, porous alumite
Film 32 is with the pyroconductivity lower than piston base material and has the volumetric heat capacity lower than piston base material.Porous corrosion protection aluminium film
32 film thickness is 100 to 500 μm.Since (film forms the temperature on surface relative to the work in cylinder to excellent oscillatory characteristic
The following property of the variation of the temperature of medium；Similarly hereinafter), porous corrosion protection aluminium film 32 is able to achieve various effects (will illustrate details hereinafter).
Porous corrosion protection aluminium film 32 can have comprising insulation particle (for example, silica (SiO2), aluminium oxide (Al2O3), two
Zirconium oxide (ZrO2) or titanium dioxide (TiO2) particle) film constitute.For porous corrosion protection aluminium film composition and thermal characteristics (that is,
Pyroconductivity and volumetric heat capacity), such as it is referred to Japanese Patent Application No.2010-249008 and Japan is special
Sharp application publication No.2013-14830.
As porous corrosion protection aluminium film 32, hard corrosion protection aluminium film 36 also has the pyroconductivity lower than piston base material and has
The volumetric heat capacity lower than piston base material.However, hard corrosion protection aluminium film 36 is thick a few micrometers and to have low porosity, and with
Porous corrosion protection aluminium film 32 is compared, and hard corrosion protection aluminium film 36 has much higher pyroconductivity and volumetric heat capacity.Therefore, firmly
Matter corrosion protection aluminium film 36 hardly has swing characteristic, but excellent in terms of film hardness and wearability.Hard corrosion protection aluminium film 36 can
To prevent the friction due to caused by the contact between groove 18,20,22 and piston ring.
Ceramic membrane 34 is by ceramics such as zirconium dioxide (ZrO2), silica (SiO2), silicon nitride (Si3N4), yttrium oxide
(Y2O3) or titanium dioxide (TiO2) or composite ceramics such as cermet (TiCTiN), mullite (3Al2O3·
2SiO2), cordierite (2MgO2Al2O3·5SiO2) or steatite (MgOSiO2) (hereinafter referred to as " the material based on ceramics
Material ") thermal spraying or cold spraying and formed.Ceramic membrane 34 is with the pyroconductivity lower than piston base material and has more anti-than porous
Lose the high volumetric heat capacity of aluminium film 32.The film thickness of ceramic membrane 34 is 50 to 3000 μm.
For example, the pyroconductivity λ of porous corrosion protection aluminium film 3232For λ32≤ 0.5W/mK, and the list of porous corrosion protection aluminium film 32
Position volumetric heat capacity amount C32For C32≤1500×103J/m3·K.The pyroconductivity λ of ceramic membrane 3434For λ34< 0.5 to 30W/mK,
And the volumetric heat capacity C of ceramic membrane 3434For C34>1500×103J/m3·K.The pyroconductivity λ of aluminium alloyAlFor λAl=
96.2W/mK, and thermal capacity CAlFor CAl=2639 × 103J/m3·K。
(surface roughness is basis in the density and surface roughness Ra of film for porous corrosion protection aluminium film 32 and ceramic membrane 34
The arithmetic average roughness of JISB601 (2001) measurement；Similarly hereinafter) aspect is different from each other.Specifically, porous corrosion protection aluminium film 32 has
The density lower than ceramic membrane 34.The low density of porous corrosion protection aluminium film 32 is because being formed during anodized small
Hole increases the porosity of porous corrosion protection aluminium film 32.The surface roughness Ra of porous corrosion protection aluminium film 32 is higher than the surface of ceramic membrane 34
Roughness Ra.The surface roughness Ra height of porous corrosion protection aluminium film 32 is because the additive in piston base material hampers alumite
It is formed and thus makes the highly irregular of film surface.For example, the surface roughness Ra of porous corrosion protection aluminium film 3232For 1.0 μm≤
Ra32≤ 3.0 μm, and the surface roughness Ra of ceramic membrane 3434For Ra34≤1.0μm。
[effect of piston] is formed on porous corrosion protection aluminium film 32 and the piston 10 of ceramic membrane 34 is able to achieve following effect
Fruit.Firstly, the effect that will illustrate porous corrosion protection aluminium film 32 referring to Fig. 3.Fig. 3 is to show the cylinder during a circulation of internal combustion engine
The view of the variation of the temperature of the upper surface of the temperature and ring shore of interior working media.In Fig. 3, " conventional wall temperature " expression is worked as
The temperature of upper surface when being formed with conventional ceramic film on the upper surface of ring shore." wall temperature in embodiment " indicates to work as ring bank
The temperature of upper surface when being formed with porous corrosion protection aluminium film (that is, porous corrosion protection aluminium film 32) on the upper surface in portion." base portion (Al) wall
Temperature " indicates the temperature of the upper surface when piston base material exposes in the upper surface of ring shore.
As shown in figure 3, the heat-proof quality phase when being formed with conventional ceramic film (conventional wall temperature), at the upper surface of ring shore
Than when piston base material exposes (base portion (A1) wall temperature) can improve, so as to reduce the cooling loss during fire stroke.However,
The temperature of the upper surface of ring shore is same high during suction stroke.Therefore, during suction stroke, upper table of the heat from ring shore
Face working media transfer.Therefore, working media is heated, and is prone to pinking or abnormal combustion.
In comparison, (wall temperature in embodiment), the ring shore during suction stroke when being formed with corrosion protection aluminium film
The temperature of upper surface can be reduced by means of swing characteristic, and can inhibit heating (ginseng of the working media during suction stroke
Arrow under being pointed into).Therefore, pinking or the generation of abnormal combustion can be inhibited.In addition, these swing characteristics can allow ring shore
The temperature of upper surface is substantially increased (referring to upward arrow) during fire stroke.When therefore, with conventional ceramic film is formed with
It compares, fuel efficiency can be improved by the cooling loss during fire stroke is greatly reduced.
It next it will be described for the effect of ceramic membrane 34.Since the density of ceramic membrane 34 is higher than the close of porous corrosion protection aluminium film 32
Degree, so comparing energy with porous corrosion protection aluminium film phase similar with porous corrosion protection aluminium film 32 is formed on the side surface of top ring bank
Film during inhibiting the movement up and down of piston 10 is damaged.Further, since the surface roughness Ra of ceramic membrane 34 is lower than more
The surface roughness Ra of hole corrosion protection aluminium film 32, so with being formed on the side surface of top ring bank and porous 32 phase of corrosion protection aluminium film
As porous corrosion protection aluminium film phase than can also reduce the friction occurred between piston 10 and cylinder.
Since ceramic membrane 34 with the pyroconductivity lower than piston base material and has the unit higher than porous corrosion protection aluminium film 32
Volumetric heat capacity amount, so the mean temperature of film can rise during a circulation of internal combustion engine.Fig. 4 is to show ceramic membrane in internal combustion
Mean temperature, the volumetric heat capacity of ceramic membrane during one of machine circulation and the relationship between unburned HC reducing effect
View.As the pyroconductivity of ceramic membrane 34, the pyroconductivity of the thermal conductivity ratio piston base material of the ceramic membrane in Fig. 4 is low.
As shown in figure 4, mean temperature of the ceramic membrane during a circulation can rise if the volumetric heat capacity of ceramic membrane improves
It is high.This is because unit bodies accumulated heat of the heat insulation effect of the ceramic membrane with the pyroconductivity lower than piston base material with ceramic membrane
Capacity is improved and is improved.
If mean temperature of the ceramic membrane during a circulation can increase, the following effect of expectability.Also that is, when porous
When corrosion protection aluminium film 32 is formed on the upper surface of ring shore, the temperature of upper surface can rise during fire stroke (referring to Fig. 3).
A disadvantage, however, is that the viscosity of working media rises as the temperature of upper surface rises, so that under the mobility of working media
It drops and is prone to burning and deteriorate.Deteriorate as described above, burning once occurs, it is existing around the side surface of top ring bank to fire
The working media that burning can not burn during stroke just remains in around side surface.In addition, remaining in the side surface week of top ring bank
The working media enclosed is cooled, so that the fuel in working media condenses and is attached to the side surface.
In this respect, if mean temperature of the ceramic membrane during a circulation can increase, even if in particular cycle
Around ceramic membrane existing working media remained during fire stroke and unburned and be transferred to suction stroke, the working media
It can burn in fire stroke hereafter.Therefore, fuel can be inhibited to be attached to the side surface of top ring bank.In other words, it can improve
Unburned HC reducing effect (referring to Fig. 4).
Here, in conjunction with the effect of ceramic membrane 34, will illustrate why ceramic membrane 34 is made only in top ring referring to figure 5 and figure 6
Reason on the side surface of bank.Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 is the view for showing the heat output of the side surface from the upper surface of ring shore to piston
Figure.In view of above-mentioned unburned HC reducing effect, not only on the side surface of top ring bank but also in the second ring bank and third ring bank
It is conceivable selection that ceramic membrane 34 is formed on side surface.However, to the ring shore during suction stroke illustrated using Fig. 3
The main contributor of the temperature decline of upper surface is from the second half section of previous instroke to the front half section of suction stroke
During inner wall from the side surface of piston to cylinder heat transfer.Therefore, if the second ring bank and third ring bank side table
Ceramic membrane similar with ceramic membrane 34 is formed on face, then the heat output from side surface to inner wall is reduced (referring to the arrow in Fig. 5
Head).Then, remaining hot to the working media being inhaled into cylinder on the top surface of piston after the middle section of suction stroke
Heating, so that pinking or abnormal combustion occur.
It in this respect, can be by forming ceramic membrane 34 on the side surface of top ring bank without in the second ring bank and third
It forms ceramic membrane 34 on the side surface of ring bank and increases from the side surface of piston to expose piston base material via being assemblied in groove
18, the piston ring in 20,22 to cylinder inner wall heat output (referring to arrow in Fig. 6).Therefore, working media can be inhibited to exist
Heating during suction stroke.It therefore, can be by forming ceramic membrane 34 on the side surface of top ring bank and in the second ring bank
With expose in the side surface of third ring bank piston base material come while improving unburned HC reducing effect inhibition working media into
Heating during gas stroke.
In the above-described embodiment, porous corrosion protection aluminium film 32 and ceramic membrane 34 correspond respectively to " thermal isolation film " of first aspect
" the first thermal protection film ".It include the porous corrosion protection aluminium film 32 of porous particle if porous corrosion protection aluminium film 32 includes porous particle
" thermal isolation film " corresponding to first aspect.Accommodating is not doubted, and " thermal isolation film " of first aspect is not limited to the side recorded in embodiment
Face.For example, zirconium dioxide (ZrO can be used2), silica (SiO2), silicon nitride (Si3N4), yttrium oxide (Y2O3), titanium dioxide
(TiO2) etc. as constitute thermal isolation film material.Thermal isolation film can be formed by the various means including thermal spraying.
[modification of piston] in the above-described embodiment, the ceramic membrane 34 with constant film thickness is formed in top ring bank
Entire side surface on.However, the film thickness of ceramic membrane 34 can stage by stage or continuously change, and ceramic membrane 34 may be formed at top
In a part of the side surface of portion's ring bank.Fig. 7 to Fig. 9 is the view for showing the modification of piston of embodiment according to the present invention
Figure.As Fig. 2, Fig. 7 to Fig. 9 is the schematic cross sectional views of the cylinder of spark-ignited internal combustion engine.
In the example in figure 7, the film thickness of ceramic membrane 34 changes in two stages.Specifically, positioned at piston top surface side
The film thickness of ceramic membrane 34b is less than the film thickness (50 to 3000 μm) of the ceramic membrane 34a positioned at 18 side of groove.In the example of Fig. 8
In, the film thickness positioned at 18 side of groove is maximum (50 to 3000 μm), and film thickness reduces from groove 18 towards piston-top surface.In Fig. 9
Example in, although the film thickness of ceramic membrane 34 is constant (50 to 3000 μm), ceramic membrane 34 is from the centre of top ring bank
To the formation of groove 18, and piston base material exposes from the centre of top ring bank to piston-top surface.
From the point of view of top ring bank side surface the case where, the temperature of the side surface is dropped with increasing with a distance from piston-top surface
It is low.Therefore, if around the side surface of top ring bank existing working media remained during fire stroke and it is unburned and turn
Enter suction stroke, then a possibility that fuel in remaining working media condenses in the region closer to side surface is high.At this
Aspect, as shown in Figure 7 to 9, in capable of being mentioned closer to formation ceramic membrane 34 in the region of groove 18 for the side surface of top ring bank
Thermal protection effect in the high region.Therefore, the condensation of the fuel in remaining working media can be inhibited well.
In the explanation of above embodiment, piston 10 is applied to spark-ignited internal combustion engine.However, being formed with three thereon
Kind film is (that is, porous corrosion protection aluminium film 32, ceramic membrane 34 and hard corrosion protection aluminium film 36；Piston similarly hereinafter) can also be applied to compression ignition
Formula internal combustion engine.Figure 10 is to form piston when being accommodated in the cylinder of compression-ignition internal combustion engine there are three types of the piston of film thereon
Schematic cross sectional views.In Figure 10, piston 40 is located at top dead centre.Piston 40 shown in Fig. 10 and piston 10 it is mutual it is different it
It is in being formed with a cavity 42 in the center of the upper surface of ring shore 14 in piston 40, but substantially the two pistons exist
Other aspects are mutually the same.Therefore, piston 40 is able to achieve effect identical with piston 10.
[internal combustion engine] illustrates the embodiment of internal combustion engine of the invention referring next to Figure 11.According to the present embodiment
Internal combustion engine corresponds to the spark-ignited internal combustion engine for being wherein combined with above-mentioned piston 10.Therefore, it will omit to piston 10 and three kind
The explanation of film.
Figure 11 is the schematic cross sectional views of the internal combustion engine 50 of embodiment according to the present invention.In Figure 11,10, piston
At lower dead center.As shown in figure 11, ceramic membrane 54 is formed on the inner wall of the cylinder 52 of internal combustion engine 50.Piston base material is at this
Expose in the region in addition to the forming region of ceramic membrane 54 of inner wall.
Thermal characteristics of ceramic membrane 54 etc. is substantially the same with ceramic membrane 34.Also that is, ceramic membrane 54 is by based on ceramics
The thermal spraying or cold spraying of material and formed.Ceramic membrane 54 is with the pyroconductivity lower than piston base material and has more anti-than porous
Lose the high volumetric heat capacity of aluminium film 32.The film thickness of ceramic membrane 54 is 50 to 3000 μm.Ceramic membrane 54 film width (with
Film thickness on the parallel direction of the axial direction of cylinder；It is similarly hereinafter) of same size with the film of ceramic membrane 34.
As shown in figure 11, ceramic membrane 54 is formed at such position, that is, when piston 10 is located at lower dead center, ceramics
The side surface (that is, the surface for being formed with ceramic membrane 34) of film 54 and top ring bank is opposite.Substantially, the temperature of the inner wall of cylinder 52
Degree declines with closer with a distance from crankcase.It is therefore contemplated that the temperature of ceramic membrane 34 with a distance from crankcase most
It is minimum at close lower dead center.In this respect, minimum in the temperature of ceramic membrane 34 if foring ceramic membrane 54 as shown in figure 11
Position at, existing working media can ceramic membrane on the inner wall by being formed in cylinder 52 around the side surface of top ring bank
54 heatings.Therefore, fuel can be inhibited to be attached to the side surface of top ring bank.
In the above-described embodiment, ceramic membrane 54 corresponds to " the second thermal protection film " of fourth aspect.
[manufacturing method of piston] illustrates the manufacture of the piston of embodiment according to the present invention referring next to Figure 12
Method.Manufacturing method according to the present embodiment corresponds to the method for manufacturing above-mentioned piston 10.
Figure 12 is the flow chart for showing the manufacturing method of piston of embodiment according to the present invention.As shown in figure 12, exist
In present embodiment, firstly, hard corrosion protection aluminium film (step is formed on the surface of groove 18,20,22 by anodized
Rapid S1).In this step S1, specifically, the formation of the ring shore of piston have groove 18,20,22, valve recess portion 24,26,
28, in 30 etc. surface, the region for not needing to be formed hard corrosion protection aluminium film is sheltered.Then, which is mounted on packet
In the electrolysis unit for including electrolytic cell, cathode and power supply.Then, setting suitably forms the electrolytic condition of hard corrosion protection aluminium film (that is, electricity
Solve temperature, current density and the electrolysis time of liquid；Similarly hereinafter), and between the piston and cathode for being used as anode it is powered.As this step
Rapid S1's as a result, foring hard corrosion protection aluminium film 36.
After step S1, porous corrosion protection aluminium film (step is formed on the upper surface of ring shore by aoxidizing oxidation processes
Rapid S2).This step S2 is substantially the same with step S1.Also it that is, in step s 2, shelters the surface of ring shore and does not need to be formed
The region of porous corrosion protection aluminium film.Then, the piston is mounted in electrolysis unit with inverted status and executes electrolysis.Specifically,
Setting suitably forms the electrolytic condition of porous corrosion protection aluminium film, and is powered between the piston and cathode for being used as anode.Therefore, it is formed
Porous corrosion protection aluminium film.After the film formation, the surface for being formed by film is polished on demand.Together with porous alumite one
It rises using in the case where above-mentioned insulation particle, after forming porous corrosion protection aluminium film, the coating of Xiang Duokong corrosion protection aluminium surface includes this
The solution (for example, polysilazane solution or polysiloxane solution) of a little insulation particles.As this step S2's as a result, foring more
Hole corrosion protection aluminium film 32.
Upon step s 2, the film (step S3) of the material based on ceramics is formed on the side surface of top ring bank.Herein
In step S3, firstly, with the side surface of the film thickness cutting top ring bank of the material based on ceramics.The purpose of this cutting is to prevent
Gap between the side surface of top ring bank and the inner wall of cylinder is reduced due to forming the film of the material based on ceramics.With
Afterwards, bead is carried out to cutting face.The purpose of this bead is intentionally to increase the surface roughness and thus in cutting face
Improved attachment of the ceramic membrane that be formed on the cutting face on piston base material by means of anchorage effect.Then, to shot-peening
Process face carries out the thermal spraying or cold spraying of the material based on ceramics.Therefore, the film of the material based on ceramics is formd.In film shape
At later, the surface for being formed by film is polished on demand.As this step S3's as a result, foring ceramic membrane 34.
Due to based on ceramics material insulating properties is substantially presented, so if step S1 or step S2 after step s 3
It executes, then can hinder anodic oxidation reactions.In this respect, according to the present embodiment, step S1 and step S2 are before step S3
It executes, so as to inhibit the structure of three kinds of films and the variation of film thickness.
In the above-described embodiment, step S2 and step S3 corresponds respectively to " thermal isolation film " shape of the fifth aspect of the present invention
At step and " thermal protection film " forming step.
[modification of manufacturing method] in the above-described embodiment, step S2 is executed after step S1.However, step S2
It can also be executed before step S1.In the above-described embodiment, it is based in step s3 by thermal spraying or cold spraying to be formed
The film of the material of ceramics.However, can also be individually by the formed body of the material manufacture annular based on ceramics and by the formed body pressure
It is cooperated on the side surface of top ring bank.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of piston for internal combustion engine, the piston be characterized in that include:
Thermal isolation film on the upper surface of the ring shore of the piston is set, and there is the thermal isolation film heat lower than piston base material to pass
Conductance and have the volumetric heat capacity lower than the piston base material；With
The first thermal protection film on the side surface of the ring shore is set, and the first thermal protection film has lower than the piston base material
Pyroconductivity and have the volumetric heat capacity higher than the thermal isolation film.
2. piston according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
In a part for the side surface that top ring bank is arranged in the first thermal protection film,
The top ring bank is the upper position of the groove of the ratio assembly top ring of the ring shore, and
The side surface of the lower face side positioned at the ring shore of the top ring bank, which has, is located at institute than the top ring bank
State the high heat insulation effect in the side surface of the upper surface side of ring shore.
3. piston according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that
The first thermal protection film is arranged on the side surface of top ring bank,
The top ring bank is the upper position of the groove of the ratio assembly top ring of the ring shore, and
Expose at the position of piston base material groove described in the ratio of the side surface of the ring shore more on the lower.
4. a kind of internal combustion engine, including piston according to any one of claim 1 to 3, it is characterised in that
It is provided with the second thermal protection film on the inner wall of cylinder for storing the piston,
The second thermal protection film, which is arranged in, makes the second thermal protection film and the ring shore when the piston is located at lower dead center
The position of side surface opposite direction, and
The second thermal protection film has volumetric heat capacity lower than the piston base material and higher than the thermal isolation film.
5. a kind of manufacturing method of piston according to any one of claim 1 to 3, characterized by comprising:
The thermal isolation film is formed on the upper surface of the ring shore and carrying out anodized to the piston base material；
And
After forming the thermal isolation film, and with insulating materials formation film on the side surface of the ring shore described in formation
First thermal protection film, the insulating materials is with the pyroconductivity lower than the piston base material and has the list higher than the thermal isolation film
Position volumetric heat capacity amount.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015-053712 | 2015-03-17 | ||
| JP2015053712 | 2015-03-17 | ||
| JP2015117692A JP6187545B2 (en) | 2015-03-17 | 2015-06-10 | Piston for internal combustion engine, internal combustion engine including the piston, and method for manufacturing the piston |
| JP2015-117692 | 2015-06-10 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105986921A CN105986921A (en) | 2016-10-05 |
| CN105986921B true CN105986921B (en) | 2019-05-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610147612.2A Active CN105986921B (en) | 2015-03-17 | 2016-03-15 | Piston for internal combustion engine, the internal combustion engine including it and its manufacturing method |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP6187545B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR101837263B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN105986921B (en) |
| MY (1) | MY176668A (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2624091C1 (en) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2018112156A (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2018-07-19 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | Piston of internal combustion engine |
| JP6927057B2 (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2021-08-25 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Compression self-ignition internal combustion engine |
| JP7135758B2 (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2022-09-13 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | spark ignition internal combustion engine |
| JP7068153B2 (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2022-05-16 | 株式会社東芝 | How to repair turbine parts and how to manufacture repaired turbine parts |
| JP7433581B2 (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2024-02-20 | スズキ株式会社 | Piston for internal combustion engine and its manufacturing method |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014020300A (en) * | 2012-07-19 | 2014-02-03 | Mazda Motor Corp | Heat insulation structure for engine combustion chamber |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5696133A (en) * | 1979-12-29 | 1981-08-04 | Bandou Kiko Kk | Engine |
| JPS61142320A (en) * | 1984-12-15 | 1986-06-30 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Combustion chamber of diesel engine |
| US5477820A (en) * | 1994-09-29 | 1995-12-26 | Ford Motor Company | Thermal management system for heat engine components |
| RU2111367C1 (en) * | 1995-08-08 | 1998-05-20 | Владимир Сергеевич Чернопятов | Combustion chamber of internal combustion engine |
| RU2168039C2 (en) * | 1996-07-05 | 2001-05-27 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Научно-исследовательский институт природных газов и газовых технологий - ВНИИГАЗ" | Reduced heat removal internal combustion engine and method of its manufacture |
| JP3758357B2 (en) * | 1998-03-27 | 2006-03-22 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Piston for in-cylinder internal combustion engine |
| US7066132B1 (en) * | 2005-01-13 | 2006-06-27 | General Motors Corporation | Piston with oxidation catalyst |
| JP5457640B2 (en) * | 2008-03-31 | 2014-04-02 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | Internal combustion engine |
| WO2013080389A1 (en) * | 2011-12-02 | 2013-06-06 | 日本碍子株式会社 | Engine combustion chamber structure |
| JP6100564B2 (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2017-03-22 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | Substrate processing apparatus and mounting table |
| JP6036542B2 (en) | 2013-05-20 | 2016-11-30 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Piston and internal combustion engine |
-
2015
- 2015-06-10 JP JP2015117692A patent/JP6187545B2/en active Active
-
2016
- 2016-03-14 KR KR1020160030185A patent/KR101837263B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2016-03-15 RU RU2016109215A patent/RU2624091C1/en active
- 2016-03-15 CN CN201610147612.2A patent/CN105986921B/en active Active
- 2016-03-15 MY MYPI2016700899A patent/MY176668A/en unknown
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014020300A (en) * | 2012-07-19 | 2014-02-03 | Mazda Motor Corp | Heat insulation structure for engine combustion chamber |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| MY176668A (en) | 2020-08-19 |
| KR20160111857A (en) | 2016-09-27 |
| CN105986921A (en) | 2016-10-05 |
| JP2016173100A (en) | 2016-09-29 |
| BR102016005961A2 (en) | 2016-10-11 |
| RU2624091C1 (en) | 2017-06-30 |
| KR101837263B1 (en) | 2018-03-09 |
| JP6187545B2 (en) | 2017-08-30 |
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