CN105986921A - Piston for internal combustion engine, internal combustion engine including this piston, and manufacturing method of this piston - Google Patents
Piston for internal combustion engine, internal combustion engine including this piston, and manufacturing method of this piston Download PDFInfo
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- CN105986921A CN105986921A CN201610147612.2A CN201610147612A CN105986921A CN 105986921 A CN105986921 A CN 105986921A CN 201610147612 A CN201610147612 A CN 201610147612A CN 105986921 A CN105986921 A CN 105986921A
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- piston
- film
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- base material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/10—Pistons having surface coverings
- F02F3/12—Pistons having surface coverings on piston heads
- F02F3/14—Pistons having surface coverings on piston heads within combustion chambers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/10—Pistons having surface coverings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/10—Pistons having surface coverings
- F02F3/12—Pistons having surface coverings on piston heads
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
Abstract
There is provided a piston for an internal combustion engine, an internal combustion engine including this piston, and a manufacturing method of this piston, the piston including: a heat-shielding film provided to an upper surface of a land part of the piston, the heat-shielding film having a lower thermal conductivity than a piston base material and having a lower heat capacity per unit volume than the piston base material; and a first heat-retaining film provided to a side surface of the land part, the first heat-retaining film having a lower thermal conductivity than the piston base material and having a higher heat capacity per unit volume than the heat-shielding film.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the piston for internal combustion engine (explosive motor), include the internal combustion of this piston
Machine and the manufacture method of this piston.
Background technology
Such as, Japanese Patent Application No.2009-243355 discloses a kind of for internal combustion engine
Conventional piston, be wherein formed on the upper surface of ring shore have lower than piston base material (mother metal)
Pyroconductivity and there is the thermal isolation film of the volumetric heat capacity lower than piston base material.There is this heat special
Property thermal isolation film allow the temperature of upper surface of ring shore to follow working media in the cylinder of internal combustion engine
Temperature.That is, during the fire stroke of internal combustion engine, the temperature of the upper surface of ring shore can rise,
And during suction stroke, the temperature of upper surface can decline.Therefore, it can by reducing fire stroke
The cooling loss of period improves fuel efficiency, and suppresses due to working media during suction stroke
The pinking heated and cause or the generation of abnormal combustion.
Japanese Patent Application No.11-280545 discloses the another kind of piston for internal combustion engine,
Wherein be provided with on the side surface of ring shore have lower than piston base material (specifically, aluminium alloy)
The Ferrious material material of thermal diffusivity.Setting has the metal material of such thermal characteristics can make metal material
Material temperature around rises.Therefore, it can be attached on the surface of metal material or its week by promotion
The evaporation of the liquid fuel enclosed and gasification improve the efficiency of combustion of internal combustion engine.
Summary of the invention
On the upper surface of ring shore, formation has the thermal characteristics as disclosed in JP 2009-243355 A
Thermal isolation film disadvantageously, along with the temperature of upper surface rises during fire stroke, working media
Viscosity rises so that the mobility of working media declines and be prone to occur burning to deteriorate.Once occur
Burning deteriorates, and the flame of the internal communication spreading all over cylinder under normal conditions during fire stroke cannot
Arrive the side surface of ring shore.Then, exist around the side surface of ring shore cannot be at fire stroke
The period working media of burning remains in around side surface.Additionally, along with new working media is at burning row
Flow in cylinder during suction stroke after journey, remain in the work around the side surface of ring shore and be situated between
Matter is cooled so that the fuel in working media condenses and is attached to side surface.
About this problem, the side surface of the ring shore of JP 2009-243355 A arranges JP
The metal material of 11-280545 A can allow the temperature around metal material easily to rise.But,
JP 11-280545 A indicates the thermal diffusivity of metal material but the unit volume of not mentioned metal material
Thermal capacity.Therefore, when arranging JP on the side surface in the ring shore of JP 2009-243355 A
During the metal material of 11-280545 A, even if the temperature on the surface of metal material can be due to metal material
Low thermal diffusivity and during fire stroke and instroke rise, the temperature on surface ensuing enter
It is likely to during gas stroke decline.Therefore, if working media is owing to burning as above deteriorates
Proceed to suction stroke, then during suction stroke, the fuel in working media condenses and is attached to metal material
The surface of material.
Additionally, the metal material of JP 11-280545 A be arranged on the side surface of ring shore from ring shore
Upper surface in the second part in the middle of ring bank.In other words, this metal material is not only provided at top
On the side surface of ring bank, and it is arranged on the side surface of the second ring bank.Therefore, hamper from ring bank
The upper surface in portion is via the piston ring in the groove being assemblied between top ring bank and the second ring bank
(that is, top ring) is to the heat transfer of the internal face of cylinder.As a result, during suction stroke, heat can be from
Thermal isolation film transfers to the working media newly flowing in cylinder, and working media is heated.Therefore, to the greatest extent
Pipe defines thermal isolation film on the upper surface of ring shore, and pinking or abnormal combustion also occur.
The present invention has been planned at least one problem of solving in the problems referred to above.That is, the present invention
A purpose be in the piston of internal combustion engine suppress fuel be attached to the side surface of ring shore and press down
The working media processed heating during suction stroke, in described piston, on the upper surface of ring shore
It is formed and there is the pyroconductivity lower than piston base material and there is the heat capacity per unit volume lower than piston base material
The thermal isolation film of amount.
A first aspect of the present invention is a kind of piston for internal combustion engine, and described piston includes: be arranged on
Thermal isolation film on the upper surface of the ring shore of described piston, described thermal isolation film has lower than piston base material
Pyroconductivity and there is the volumetric heat capacity lower than described piston base material；Be arranged on described ring bank
The first thermal protection (heat keeps) film on the side surface in portion, described first thermal protection film has than described piston
Pyroconductivity that base material is low and there is the volumetric heat capacity higher than described thermal isolation film.
A second aspect of the present invention is the piston according to first aspect, wherein: described first thermal protection film sets
Put in a part for the side surface of top ring bank；Described top ring bank is the ratio assembling of described ring shore
The position of the more top side of groove of top ring；And described top ring bank be positioned at the upper of described ring shore
The side surface of face side has the side table of the lower face side being positioned at described ring shore than described top ring bank
Insulation (thermal protection) effect that face is high.
A third aspect of the present invention is the piston according to first aspect or second aspect, wherein: described
One thermal protection film is arranged on the side surface of top ring bank；Described top ring bank is the ratio dress of described ring shore
Join the position of the more top side of groove of top ring；And described piston base material is at the side table of described ring shore
Described in the ratio in face, groove position more on the lower is exposed.
A fourth aspect of the present invention is a kind of including according to the either side in first aspect to the third aspect
The internal combustion engine of piston, wherein: on the internal face of cylinder receiving described piston, be provided with the second guarantor
Hotting mask；Described second thermal protection film is arranged on when described piston is positioned at lower dead center and makes described second thermal protection film
With the side surface of described ring shore to position；And described second thermal protection film has than described piston
The volumetric heat capacity that base material is low and higher than described thermal isolation film.
A fifth aspect of the present invention is the manufacture method of a kind of piston for internal combustion engine, described piston bag
Including: the thermal isolation film on the upper surface of the ring shore being arranged on described piston, described thermal isolation film has than work
Fill in the low pyroconductivity of base material and there is the volumetric heat capacity lower than described piston base material；And setting
The first thermal protection film on the side surface of described ring shore, described first thermal protection film has than described piston
Pyroconductivity that base material is low and there is the volumetric heat capacity higher than described thermal isolation film, described manufacturer
Method includes: by described piston base material carrying out anodized and at the upper surface of described ring shore
The described thermal isolation film of upper formation；And after forming described thermal isolation film, by forming film with insulant
And on the side surface of described ring shore, forming described first thermal protection film, described insulant has than institute
State the low pyroconductivity of piston base material and there is the volumetric heat capacity higher than described thermal isolation film.
According to first aspect, there is the pyroconductivity lower than piston base material and there is the list higher than thermal isolation film
The thermal protection film of position volumetric heat capacity amount is formed on the side surface of ring shore so that this side surface can be made to exist
Mean temperature during one circulation of internal combustion engine rises and suppresses the temperature of the side surface of ring shore entering
Decline during gas stroke.Therefore, though in particular cycle around the side surface of ring shore exist work
Making medium to remain during fire stroke and do not burn and proceed to suction stroke, this working media also can be
Burn during fire stroke after suction stroke.Accordingly, it is capable to suppression fuel is attached to the side of ring shore
Surface.
From the point of view of the situation of side surface of ring shore, the temperature of this side surface is along with the upper surface from ring shore
Distance increase and decline.Therefore, if the working media existed around the side surface of ring shore is in combustion
Burn residual during stroke and unburned proceed to suction stroke, then the fuel in the working media remained exists
The probability condensed in the region of the lower surface of ring shore is high.In this respect, according to second party
Face, the thermal protection effect of the side surface of top ring bank is higher than in upper surface side in the lower face side of ring shore,
Thus the fuel in the working media that can suppress residual in the region of lower surface well
Condense.
According to the third aspect, piston base material can expose than the groove place more on the lower of assembling top ring,
Allow to increase from the upper surface of ring shore via the inside of ring shore and the inwall of top hoop cylinder
The heat output in face.Accordingly, it is capable to suppression working media heating during suction stroke.
Substantially, the temperature of the internal face of cylinder along with the distance from crankcase more close to and decline.Therefore,
It is believed that closest from crankcase of the temperature of the thermal protection film being formed on the side surface of ring shore
Lower dead center at minimum.In this respect, according to fourth aspect, have lower than piston base material and ratio is heat insulation
The thermal protection film of the volumetric heat capacity that film is high be formed at cylinder when piston is positioned at lower dead center with ring bank
The side surface in portion to internal face on so that the thermal protection film being formed on this side surface temperature
Low position, the working media existed around this side surface can be by the thermal protection being formed on internal face
Film is heated.Accordingly, it is capable to suppression fuel is attached to the side surface of ring shore.
If forming thermal isolation film by anodized after forming the film of insulant, then sun
Structure and the film thickness of the thermal isolation film that pole oxidation reaction is suppressed and to be formed can change.In this respect,
According to the 5th aspect, can be by using insulant after utilizing anodized to form thermal isolation film
Form film and form thermal protection film, it is thus possible to form thermal isolation film well.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Illustrate below with reference to accompanying drawings the feature of the illustrative embodiments of the present invention, advantage and technology and
Industrial significance, the most similar reference represents similar key element, and wherein:
Fig. 1 is the perspective view of piston according to the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is piston the showing when this piston is accommodated in the cylinder of spark-ignited internal combustion engine of Fig. 1
Meaning property sectional view；
Fig. 3 is temperature and the ring bank of the working media being shown in during one of internal combustion engine circulation in cylinder
The view of the change of the temperature of the upper surface in portion；
Fig. 4 is to illustrate ceramic membrane mean temperature during a circulation of internal combustion engine, this ceramic membrane
The view of the relation between volumetric heat capacity and unburned HC reducing effect；
Fig. 5 is the view of the heat output illustrating the side surface from the upper surface of ring shore to piston；
Fig. 6 is the view of the heat output illustrating the side surface from the upper surface of ring shore to piston；
Fig. 7 is the view of the modification illustrating piston according to the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the view of the modification illustrating piston according to the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the view of the modification illustrating piston according to the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 10 is that the piston being formed with porous alumite film, ceramic membrane and hard alumite film on it is at this
Schematic cross sectional views when piston is accommodated in the cylinder of compression-ignition internal combustion engine；
Figure 11 is the schematic cross sectional views of internal combustion engine according to the embodiment of the present invention；And
Figure 12 is the flow chart of the manufacture method illustrating piston according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Hereinafter based on accompanying drawing, embodiments of the present invention will be described.Component identical between each figure will be composed
Give identical reference and its repeat specification will be omitted.The present invention is not limited by implementation below.
[for the piston of internal combustion engine] first, will illustrate the embodiment of the piston of the present invention with reference to Fig. 1.
Fig. 1 is the perspective view of piston 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention.Live with for the common of internal combustion engine
As plug, piston 10 is to be formed as the aluminium alloy of piston base material by casting.As it is shown in figure 1,
Piston 10 includes the ring bank of the predetermined thickness of the skirt section 12 of cylindrical shape, the upper end formation in skirt section 12
Portion 14 and the pin protuberance 16 of supporting piston pin (not shown), the side surface in skirt section 12 is with cylinder (not
Illustrate) internal face contact.Groove 18,20,22 it is formed with in the side surface of ring shore 14,
Three piston ring (not shown) are respectively assembled in described groove.Ring shore 14 upper surface (under
Literary composition is also referred to as " piston-top surface ") on, it is formed for avoiding interference with inlet valve and exhaust valve (equal
Not shown) half moon-shaped valve recess 24,26,28,30.
Fig. 2 is that the piston 10 of Fig. 1 is when piston 10 is accommodated in the cylinder of spark-ignited internal combustion engine
The schematic cross sectional views corresponding with the cross section 2A-2A of Fig. 1.In fig. 2, piston 10 is positioned at
At top dead centre.As in figure 2 it is shown, be formed with porous alumite film 32 on piston-top surface.In ring shore
14 from groove 18 to the side surface of piston-top surface, i.e. on the side surface of top ring bank, shape
Become to have ceramic membrane 34.The surface of groove 18,20,22 is formed hard alumite film 36.Separately
On the one hand, piston base material ring shore 14 side surface from groove 18 to the lower surface of ring shore 14
The position of (not shown) is exposed.Such as, piston base material is positioned at groove 18 and ditch in ring shore 14
Side surface (that is, the side surface of the second ring bank) between groove 20 and ring shore 14 be positioned at groove
Side surface (that is, the side surface of the 3rd ring bank) between 20 and groove 22 exposes.
Porous alumite film 32 and hard alumite film 36 are both by piston base material (i.e.,
Aluminium alloy) carry out anodized and formed.But, porous alumite film 32 and hard corrosion protection
At the characteristic of alumite and film thickness, (film thickness is on the axially vertical direction with cylinder to aluminum film 36
Thickness；The most together) aspect is different from each other.Specifically, porous alumite film 32 has and compares piston base material
Low pyroconductivity and there is the volumetric heat capacity lower than piston base material.Porous alumite film 32
Film thickness be 100 to 500 μm.Due to excellent oscillatory characteristic, (temperature that film forms surface is relative
The following property of the change of the temperature of the working media in cylinder；Lower same), porous alumite film 32
Various effect (details hereinafter will be described) can be realized.
Porous alumite film 32 can have and comprises adiabatic granule (such as, silicon dioxide (SiO2), oxygen
Change aluminum (Al2O3), zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) or titanium dioxide (TiO2) granule) film structure
Become.For composition and the thermal characteristics (that is, pyroconductivity and volumetric heat capacity) of porous alumite film,
Such as it is referred to Japanese Patent Application No.2010-249008 and Japanese Patent Application No.
2013-14830。
As porous alumite film 32, hard alumite film 36 also has the heat lower than piston base material
Conductivity and there is the volumetric heat capacity lower than piston base material.But, hard alumite film 36
Thick a few micrometers and there is low porosity, and compared with porous alumite film 32, hard alumite film
36 have much higher pyroconductivity and volumetric heat capacity.Therefore, hard alumite film more than 36
Not there is swing characteristic, but excellent in terms of film hardness and wearability.Hard alumite film 36
It is possible to prevent due to contacting and the friction that causes between groove 18,20,22 and piston ring.
Ceramic membrane 34 is by pottery such as zirconium dioxide (ZrO2), silicon dioxide (SiO2), nitrogen
SiClx (Si3N4), yittrium oxide (Y2O3) or titanium dioxide (TiO2) or composite ceramics such as metal
Pottery (TiC TiN), mullite (3Al2O3·2SiO2), cordierite (2MgO 2Al2O3·5SiO2)
Or steatite (MgO SiO2) (hereinafter referred to as " and based on pottery material ") thermal spraying or cold
Spray and formed.Ceramic membrane 34 has the pyroconductivity lower than piston base material and has ratio porous corrosion protection
The volumetric heat capacity that aluminum film 32 is high.The film thickness of ceramic membrane 34 is 50 to 3000 μm.
Such as, pyroconductivity λ of porous alumite film 3232For λ32≤ 0.5W/m K, and porous is anti-
Volumetric heat capacity C of erosion aluminum film 3232For C32≤1500×103J/m3·K.Ceramic membrane 34
Pyroconductivity λ34For λ34< 0.5 to 30W/m K, and volumetric heat capacity C of ceramic membrane 3434
For C34>1500×103J/m3·K.Pyroconductivity λ of aluminium alloyAlFor λAl=96.2W/m K,
And thermal capacity CAlFor CAl=2639 × 103J/m3·K。
Porous alumite film 32 and ceramic membrane 34 are at the density of film and surface roughness Ra (rough surface
Degree is the arithmetic average roughness measured according to JISB601 (2001)；The most together) aspect is different from each other.
Specifically, porous alumite film 32 has the density lower than ceramic membrane 34.Porous alumite film 32
Density low be because during anodized formed aperture increase porous alumite film
The porosity of 32.The surface roughness Ra of porous alumite film 32 is thick higher than the surface of ceramic membrane 34
Rugosity Ra.The interpolation that the surface roughness Ra height of porous alumite film 32 is because in piston base material
Agent hampers the formation of alumite and thus makes the highly irregular of film surface.Such as, porous alumite
The surface roughness Ra of film 3232It is 1.0 μm≤Ra32≤ 3.0 μm, and the surface of ceramic membrane 34 is thick
Rugosity Ra34For Ra34≤1.0μm。
[effect of piston] is formed on the piston 10 of porous alumite film 32 and ceramic membrane 34
Following effect can be realized.First, the effect of porous alumite film 32 will be described with reference to Fig. 3.Fig. 3
It is temperature and the upper table of ring shore of the working media being shown in during one of internal combustion engine circulation in cylinder
The view of the change of the temperature in face.In figure 3, " conventional wall temperature " represents the upper surface when ring shore
On the temperature of this upper surface when being formed with conventional ceramic film.Ring is worked as in " wall temperature in embodiment " expression
This upper surface when being formed with porous alumite film (that is, porous alumite film 32) on the upper surface in bank portion
Temperature." base portion (Al) wall temperature " represents when piston base material exposes in the upper surface of ring shore
The temperature of this upper surface.
(conventional wall temperature), the upper surface of ring shore as it is shown on figure 3, when being formed with conventional ceramic film
When the heat-proof quality at place is exposed compared to piston base material, (base portion (A1) wall temperature) can improve, it is thus possible to
Reduce the cooling loss during fire stroke.But, the temperature of the upper surface of ring shore is at suction stroke
Period is the highest.Therefore, during suction stroke, heat turns towards working media from the upper surface of ring shore
Move.Therefore, working media is heated, and is prone to pinking or abnormal combustion.
Comparatively speaking, when being formed with alumite film (wall temperature in embodiment), at suction stroke
The temperature of the upper surface of period ring shore can reduce by means of swing characteristic, and work can be suppressed to be situated between
Matter heating (arrow with reference to downward) during suction stroke.Accordingly, it is capable to suppression pinking or exception
The generation of burning.Additionally, these swing characteristics can allow the temperature of the upper surface of ring shore at burning row
(arrow with reference to upwards) it is substantially increased during journey.Therefore, compared with when being formed with conventional ceramic film,
Fuel efficiency can be improved by the cooling loss during fire stroke is greatly reduced.
Next it will be described for the effect of ceramic membrane 34.Owing to the density of ceramic membrane 34 is higher than porous corrosion protection
The density of aluminum film 32, thus be formed on the side surface of top ring bank and porous alumite film 32
Compare the film during suppressing the motion up and down of piston 10 during similar porous alumite film to break
Damage.Additionally, due to the surface roughness Ra of ceramic membrane 34 is less than the surface of porous alumite film 32
Roughness Ra, thus similar to porous alumite film 32 to being formed on the side surface of top ring bank
Porous alumite film time compare also can reduce between piston 10 and cylinder occur friction.
Owing to ceramic membrane 34 has the pyroconductivity lower than piston base material and has than porous alumite film
32 high volumetric heat capacity, so during a circulation of internal combustion engine on the mean temperature energy of film
Rise.Fig. 4 is to illustrate ceramic membrane mean temperature during a circulation of internal combustion engine, the list of ceramic membrane
The view of the relation between position volumetric heat capacity amount and unburned HC reducing effect.Heat biography with ceramic membrane 34
Conductance is the same, and the pyroconductivity of the thermal conductivity ratio piston base material of the ceramic membrane in Fig. 4 is low.Such as Fig. 4
Shown in, if the volumetric heat capacity of ceramic membrane improves, then ceramic membrane putting down during a circulation
All temperature can raise.This is because have the insulation effect of the ceramic membrane of the pyroconductivity lower than piston base material
Fruit is improved along with the volumetric heat capacity of ceramic membrane and improves.
If the mean temperature that ceramic membrane is during a circulation can raise, then the following effect of expectability.
That is, when porous alumite film 32 is formed on the upper surface of ring shore, the temperature of upper surface is in combustion
(with reference to Fig. 3) can be risen during burning stroke.But, disadvantageously, the viscosity of working media along with
The temperature of upper surface rises and rises so that the mobility of working media declines and be prone to occur burning to dislike
Change.As it has been described above, once occur burning to deteriorate, exist around the side surface of top ring bank is burning
The working media that cannot burn during stroke just remains in around side surface.Additionally, remain in top ring
Working media around the side surface of bank is cooled so that the fuel in working media condenses and is attached to
This side surface.
In this respect, if ceramic membrane mean temperature during a circulation can raise, even if then existing
In particular cycle around ceramic membrane exist working media remain during fire stroke and unburned and turn
Entering suction stroke, this working media also can burn in fire stroke thereafter.Accordingly, it is capable to suppression combustion
Material is attached to the side surface of top ring bank.In other words, unburned HC reducing effect can be improved (with reference to figure
4)。
Here, in conjunction with the effect of ceramic membrane 34, with reference to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, why ceramic membrane 34 will be described
It is made only in the reason on the side surface of top ring bank.Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 is to illustrate the upper table from ring shore
Face is to the view of the heat output of the side surface of piston.In view of above-mentioned unburned HC reducing effect, not only exist
Form ceramic membrane on the side surface of top ring bank and on the side surface of the second ring bank and the 3rd ring bank
34 be it is contemplated that selection.But, to ring shore upper during suction stroke utilizing that Fig. 3 illustrates
The main contributor that the temperature on surface declines be from the second half section of previous instroke to air inlet row
The period of the first half section of journey is from the heat transfer of the internal face of the side surface of piston to cylinder.Therefore, if
The ceramic membrane similar to ceramic membrane 34 is formed, then from side table on the side surface of the second ring bank and the 3rd ring bank
(arrow with reference in Fig. 5) is reduced to the heat output of internal face in face.Then, in suction stroke
After Duan, on the end face of piston, the working media being inhaled in cylinder is heated by the heat of residual, thus
There is pinking or abnormal combustion.
In this respect, can be by formation ceramic membrane 34 on the side surface of top ring bank not second
Ceramic membrane 34 is formed to expose piston base material and increasing from work on the side surface of ring bank and the 3rd ring bank
The side surface of plug is via the heat transfer of the piston ring being assemblied in groove 18,20,22 to the internal face of cylinder
Amount (with reference to arrow in Fig. 6).Accordingly, it is capable to suppression working media heating during suction stroke.
Therefore, it can by forming ceramic membrane 34 on the side surface of top ring bank and at the second ring bank and the 3rd
The side surface of ring bank exposes piston base material while improving unburned HC reducing effect, suppresses work
Medium heating during suction stroke.
In the above-described embodiment, porous alumite film 32 and ceramic membrane 34 correspond respectively to first party
" thermal isolation film " and " the first thermal protection film " in face.If porous alumite film 32 comprises porous particle,
Then comprise the porous alumite film 32 " thermal isolation film " corresponding to first aspect of porous particle.Do not house
Doubting, " thermal isolation film " of first aspect is not limited to the aspect described in embodiment.Such as, can use
Zirconium dioxide (ZrO2), silicon dioxide (SiO2), silicon nitride (Si3N4), yittrium oxide (Y2O3)、
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) etc. as constitute thermal isolation film material.Thermal isolation film can be by including that thermal spraying exists
Interior various means are formed.
[modification of piston] in the above-described embodiment, has ceramic membrane 34 shape of constant film thickness
Become on the whole side surface of top ring bank.But, the film thickness of ceramic membrane 34 can stage by stage or continuously
Ground change, and in a part for ceramic membrane 34 side surface that may be formed at top ring bank.Fig. 7 to Fig. 9
It it is the view of the modification illustrating piston according to the embodiment of the present invention.As Fig. 2, Fig. 7
It it is the schematic cross sectional views of the cylinder of spark-ignited internal combustion engine to Fig. 9.
In the example in figure 7, the film thickness of ceramic membrane 34 changes in two stages.Specifically, it is positioned at
The film thickness of the ceramic membrane 34b of the piston-top surface side thickness less than the ceramic membrane 34a being positioned at groove 18 side
Degree (50 to 3000 μm).In the example of fig. 8, the film thickness maximum (50 of groove 18 side it is positioned at
To 3000 μm), and film thickness from groove 18 towards piston-top surface reduce.In the example of figure 9, to the greatest extent
The film thickness of pipe ceramic membrane 34 is constant (50 to 3000 μm), but ceramic membrane 34 is from top ring
The centre of bank is formed to groove 18, and piston base material exposes to piston-top surface from the centre of top ring bank.
From the point of view of the situation of side surface of top ring bank, the temperature of this side surface along with from piston-top surface away from
Reduce from increase.Therefore, if the working media existed around the side surface of top ring bank is in burning
Residual during stroke and unburned proceed to suction stroke, then the fuel in the working media remained is more
The probability condensed in the region of side surface is high.In this respect, as shown in Figure 7 to 9, exist
The region closer to groove 18 of the side surface of top ring bank is formed ceramic membrane 34 and can improve this region
In thermal protection effect.Accordingly, it is capable to suppress the condensation of the fuel in the working media of residual well.
In the explanation of above-mentioned embodiment, piston 10 is applied to spark-ignited internal combustion engine.But,
Three kinds of films (that is, porous alumite film 32, ceramic membrane 34 and hard alumite film 36 it is formed with on it；
Piston the most together) also apply be applicable to compression-ignition internal combustion engine.Figure 10 is to be formed with three kinds of films on it
The schematic cross sectional views of this piston when piston is accommodated in the cylinder of compression-ignition internal combustion engine.At Figure 10
In, piston 40 is positioned at top dead centre.Piston 40 shown in Figure 10 and piston 10 each other different it
Place is, in piston 40 ring shore 14 upper surface be centrally formed a cavity 42, but base
In basis, the two piston is mutually the same in other side.Therefore, piston 40 can realize and piston 10 phase
Same effect.
[internal combustion engine] illustrates the embodiment of the internal combustion engine of the present invention referring next to Figure 11.According to
The internal combustion engine of present embodiment is corresponding to being wherein combined with the spark-ignited internal combustion engine of above-mentioned piston 10.
Therefore, will omit piston 10 and the explanation of three kind of film.
Figure 11 is the schematic cross sectional views of internal combustion engine 50 according to the embodiment of the present invention.At Figure 11
In, piston 10 is positioned at lower dead center.As shown in figure 11, at the inwall of cylinder 52 of internal combustion engine 50
Ceramic membrane 54 it is formed with on face.Piston base material this internal face except ceramic membrane 54 formation region with
Outer region is exposed.
The thermal characteristicss of ceramic membrane 54 etc. are substantially the same with ceramic membrane 34.That is, ceramic membrane 54 is logical
Cross thermal spraying based on ceramic material or cold spraying and formed.Ceramic membrane 54 has and compares piston base material
Low pyroconductivity and there is the volumetric heat capacity higher than porous alumite film 32.Ceramic membrane 54
Film thickness be 50 to 3000 μm.The film width of ceramic membrane 54 (axially in parallel with cylinder
Film thickness on direction；Lower with) identical with the film width of ceramic membrane 34.
As shown in figure 11, ceramic membrane 54 is formed at such position, i.e. under piston 10 is positioned at
Time at stop, ceramic membrane 54 and the side surface (that is, being formed with the surface of ceramic membrane 34) of top ring bank
To.Substantially, the temperature of the internal face of cylinder 52 along with the distance from crankcase more close to and decline.
It is therefore contemplated that the temperature of ceramic membrane 34 is minimum away from the closest lower dead center from crankcase.
In this respect, if defining ceramic membrane 54 as shown in figure 11, then the temperature at ceramic membrane 34 is minimum
Position, around the side surface of top ring bank exist working media can be by being formed in cylinder 52
Ceramic membrane 54 on wall is heated.Accordingly, it is capable to suppression fuel is attached to the side surface of top ring bank.
In the above-described embodiment, ceramic membrane 54 is corresponding to " the second thermal protection film " of fourth aspect.
[manufacture method of piston] illustrates according to the embodiment of the present invention referring next to Figure 12
The manufacture method of piston.Manufacture method according to present embodiment is corresponding to being used for manufacturing above-mentioned piston 10
Method.
Figure 12 is the flow chart of the manufacture method illustrating piston according to the embodiment of the present invention.Such as figure
Shown in 12, in the present embodiment, first, by anodized at groove 18,20,22
Surface on formed hard alumite film (step S1).In this step S1, specifically, living
The ring shore of plug be formed groove 18,20,22, the table of valve recess 24,26,28,30 etc.
In face, the region that need not be formed hard alumite film is sheltered.Subsequently, this piston is installed
In the electrolysis unit including electrolysis bath, negative electrode and power supply.Then, setting suitably forms hard corrosion protection
Electrolytic condition (that is, the temperature of electrolyte, electric current density and the electrolysis time of aluminum film；Lower same), and
It is being energized as between piston and the negative electrode of anode.As the result of this step S1, define hard and prevent
Erosion aluminum film 36.
After step S1, on the upper surface of ring shore, formed porous by oxidation oxidation processes prevent
Erosion aluminum film (step S2).This step S2 is substantially the same with step S1.That is, in step S2
In, shelter the region that need not be formed porous alumite film on the surface of ring shore.Subsequently, with reversion
This piston is arranged in electrolysis unit and performs electrolysis by state.Specifically, setting suitably forms porous
The electrolytic condition of alumite film, and be energized as between piston and the negative electrode of anode.Therefore, formed
Porous alumite film.After the film formation, the surface of the on-demand film to being formed is polished.?
In the case of being used together above-mentioned adiabatic granule together with porous alumite, formed porous alumite film it
After, (such as, polysilazane is molten to comprise the solution of these adiabatic granules to the coating of porous alumite surface
Liquid or polysiloxane solution).As the result of this step S2, define porous alumite film 32.
Upon step s 2, the side surface of top ring bank is formed the film (step of material based on pottery
Rapid S3).In this step S3, first, with the film thickness cutting top ring of material based on pottery
The side surface of bank.The purpose of this cutting is between side surface and the internal face of cylinder preventing top ring bank
Gap reduce owing to forming the film of material based on pottery.Subsequently, cutting face is carried out at shot-peening
Reason.The purpose of this bead is to increase the surface roughness in cutting face wittingly and thus by means of anchor
Gu effect improves the ceramic membrane being formed on this cutting face attachment on piston base material.Subsequently,
Bead face is carried out thermal spraying or the cold spraying of material based on pottery.Therefore, define based on
The film of the material of pottery.After the film formation, the surface of the on-demand film to being formed is polished.Make
For the result of this step S3, define ceramic membrane 34.
Owing to material based on pottery substantially presents insulating properties, if so step S1 or step S2
Perform after step s 3, then can hinder anodic oxidation reactions.In this respect, according to present embodiment,
Step S1 and step S2 performed before step S3, it is thus possible to the structure of three kinds of films of suppression and thickness
The change of degree.
In the above-described embodiment, step S2 and step S3 correspond respectively to a fifth aspect of the present invention
" thermal isolation film " forming step and " thermal protection film " forming step.
[modification of manufacture method] in the above-described embodiment, step S2 performs after step S1.
But, step S2 also can perform before step S1.In the above-described embodiment, in step S3
In form the film of material based on pottery by thermal spraying or cold spraying.But, it is possible to individually by
This molded body is also press-fitted into the side table of top ring bank by the molded body of material manufacture annular based on pottery
On face.
Claims (5)
1., for a piston for internal combustion engine, described piston is characterised by including:
Thermal isolation film on the upper surface of the ring shore being arranged on described piston, described thermal isolation film has than work
Fill in the low pyroconductivity of base material and there is the volumetric heat capacity lower than described piston base material；With
The the first thermal protection film being arranged on the side surface of described ring shore, described first thermal protection film has ratio
Pyroconductivity that described piston base material is low and there is the volumetric heat capacity higher than described thermal isolation film.
Piston the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
In a part for the side surface that described first thermal protection film is arranged on top ring bank,
Described top ring bank is the position of the more top side of groove of the ratio assembling top ring of described ring shore,
And
The side surface of the upper surface side being positioned at described ring shore of described top ring bank has than described top
The heat insulation effect that the side surface of the lower face side being positioned at described ring shore of ring bank is high.
Piston the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that
Described first thermal protection film is arranged on the side surface of top ring bank,
Described top ring bank is the position of the more top side of groove of the ratio assembling top ring of described ring shore,
And
Described piston base material groove described in the ratio of the side surface of described ring shore more on the lower position dew
Go out.
4. an internal combustion engine, including piston according to any one of claim 1 to 3, it is special
Levy and be
The internal face of cylinder receiving described piston is provided with the second thermal protection film,
Described second thermal protection film be arranged on when described piston is positioned at lower dead center make described second thermal protection film with
The side surface of described ring shore to position, and
Described second thermal protection film has lower than described piston base material and higher than described thermal isolation film unit volume
Thermal capacity.
5. a manufacture method for piston according to any one of claim 1 to 3, its feature
It is to include:
By described piston base material is carried out anodized and on the upper surface of described ring shore shape
Become described thermal isolation film；And
Being formed after described thermal isolation film, by form film with insulant and in the side of described ring shore
Forming described first thermal protection film on surface, described insulant has the heat biography lower than described piston base material
Conductance and there is the volumetric heat capacity higher than described thermal isolation film.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015053712 | 2015-03-17 | ||
| JP2015-053712 | 2015-03-17 | ||
| JP2015-117692 | 2015-06-10 | ||
| JP2015117692A JP6187545B2 (en) | 2015-03-17 | 2015-06-10 | Piston for internal combustion engine, internal combustion engine including the piston, and method for manufacturing the piston |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105986921A true CN105986921A (en) | 2016-10-05 |
| CN105986921B CN105986921B (en) | 2019-05-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610147612.2A Active CN105986921B (en) | 2015-03-17 | 2016-03-15 | Piston for internal combustion engine, the internal combustion engine including it and its manufacturing method |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP6187545B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR101837263B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN105986921B (en) |
| MY (1) | MY176668A (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2624091C1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110036190A (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2019-07-19 | 日立汽车系统株式会社 | The piston of internal combustion engine |
| CN110056423A (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2019-07-26 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Charge compression self-ignition type internal combustion engine |
| CN111188694A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2020-05-22 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Spark ignition type internal combustion engine |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP7068153B2 (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2022-05-16 | 株式会社東芝 | How to repair turbine parts and how to manufacture repaired turbine parts |
| JP7433581B2 (en) | 2019-06-14 | 2024-02-20 | スズキ株式会社 | Piston for internal combustion engine and its manufacturing method |
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| JP2009243355A (en) * | 2008-03-31 | 2009-10-22 | Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc | Internal combustion engine |
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| RU2168039C2 (en) * | 1996-07-05 | 2001-05-27 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Научно-исследовательский институт природных газов и газовых технологий - ВНИИГАЗ" | Reduced heat removal internal combustion engine and method of its manufacture |
| JP3758357B2 (en) * | 1998-03-27 | 2006-03-22 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Piston for in-cylinder internal combustion engine |
| JP6100564B2 (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2017-03-22 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | Substrate processing apparatus and mounting table |
| JP6036542B2 (en) | 2013-05-20 | 2016-11-30 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Piston and internal combustion engine |
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2016
- 2016-03-14 KR KR1020160030185A patent/KR101837263B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2016-03-15 RU RU2016109215A patent/RU2624091C1/en active
- 2016-03-15 MY MYPI2016700899A patent/MY176668A/en unknown
- 2016-03-15 CN CN201610147612.2A patent/CN105986921B/en active Active
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| US7066132B1 (en) * | 2005-01-13 | 2006-06-27 | General Motors Corporation | Piston with oxidation catalyst |
| JP2009243355A (en) * | 2008-03-31 | 2009-10-22 | Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc | Internal combustion engine |
| WO2013080389A1 (en) * | 2011-12-02 | 2013-06-06 | 日本碍子株式会社 | Engine combustion chamber structure |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110036190A (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2019-07-19 | 日立汽车系统株式会社 | The piston of internal combustion engine |
| CN110056423A (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2019-07-26 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Charge compression self-ignition type internal combustion engine |
| CN110056423B (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2021-07-30 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Compression self-ignition internal combustion engine |
| CN111188694A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2020-05-22 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Spark ignition type internal combustion engine |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105986921B (en) | 2019-05-03 |
| BR102016005961A2 (en) | 2016-10-11 |
| JP2016173100A (en) | 2016-09-29 |
| KR20160111857A (en) | 2016-09-27 |
| MY176668A (en) | 2020-08-19 |
| JP6187545B2 (en) | 2017-08-30 |
| RU2624091C1 (en) | 2017-06-30 |
| KR101837263B1 (en) | 2018-03-09 |
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