CN105984872A - Bamboo charcoal preparation method - Google Patents
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- CN105984872A CN105984872A CN201510078201.8A CN201510078201A CN105984872A CN 105984872 A CN105984872 A CN 105984872A CN 201510078201 A CN201510078201 A CN 201510078201A CN 105984872 A CN105984872 A CN 105984872A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bamboo charcoal preparation method. The preparation method comprises the following steps: S100: immersing bamboo wood in an alkaline solution for 8-24h; S200: drying the immersed bamboo wood; S300: roasting the dried bamboo wood in anoxic atmosphere at 600-900DEG C for 1-4h to obtain bamboo charcoal blank; and S400: cleaning the bamboo charcoal blank obtained in step S300, and drying the cleaned bamboo charcoal blank to obtain the bamboo charcoal. The method has the advantages of simplicity, low cost and high yield, and the obtained bamboo charcoal product has the advantages of high specific surface area, high adsorption performance, and suitableness for industrial production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation field of material, particularly relate to the preparation method of a kind of bamboo charcoal.
Background technology
Bamboo charcoal is the solid product obtained for raw material through high temperature carbonization with bamboo wood, has fine and closely woven porous, specific surface
The features such as long-pending big, absorption affinity strong, far infrared transmission, are widely used in fuel, air cleaning deodorization, environmental protection clean
The fields such as water, preserving fruit and vegetable utilizing, health care, soil improvement, environment damping, also serve as radioprotective and electromagnetism
The high-new skills such as shielding material, flame-proof composite material, lithium ion battery negative material and industrial semi-conducting material
Art field.
But, bamboo wood produces substantial amounts of bamboo tar during high temperature cabonization can block the duct of bamboo charcoal, reduces
The specific surface area of bamboo charcoal.The specific surface area of the bamboo charcoal that direct carbonization obtains is less than 400m2/ g, poor-performing.One
As use activation method contained bamboo tar gasify, dredge duct, raising bamboo charcoal specific surface area.Activation method
It is divided into physical activation method and chemical activation method.Physical activation method be utilize steam and carbon dioxide, air or
Bamboo tar is gasified by the mixture of these gases at a certain temperature by oxidation reaction.Chemical activation rule is
React at a certain temperature after bamboo charcoal is sufficiently mixed with activator.Either Physical or chemical method,
Activation process adds the production process of bamboo charcoal, causes energy waste, and activated gas or activator is a large amount of
Use the production cost that then improve bamboo charcoal.Additionally, part bamboo charcoal is oxidized in activation process, reduce
Productivity.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the preparation method of a kind of bamboo charcoal, it is higher that only one step carbonization i.e. can get specific surface area
Bamboo charcoal, and preparation process is simple, with low cost.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
The preparation method of a kind of bamboo charcoal, comprises the following steps:
S100: bamboo wood is soaked in alkaline solution 8h～24h；
S200: the bamboo wood after described immersion is dried process；
S300: roasting 1h～4h at 600 DEG C～900 DEG C in an oxygen-free atmosphere by the bamboo wood after described dried,
Obtain bamboo charcoal blank；
S400: the bamboo charcoal blank obtained in step S300 is cleaned, is dried, obtains bamboo charcoal.
Wherein in an embodiment, before step S100, further comprising the steps of:
Bamboo wood is broken into the thickness fragment less than 0.5cm.
Wherein in an embodiment, described alkaline solution is alkali-metal hydroxide solution.
Wherein in an embodiment, described alkaline solution is sodium hydroxide solution, potassium hydroxide solution or two
The mixed solution of person.
Wherein in an embodiment, the concentration of described sodium hydroxide solution or described potassium hydroxide solution is
100g/L～500g/L.
Wherein in an embodiment, in step S200, the condition of described dried is:
Dry by the bamboo wood natural air drying after described immersion or at 50 DEG C～120 DEG C.
Wherein in an embodiment, in step S400, described cleaning, drying condition be: by described bamboo charcoal
Blank cleans to neutral, and is dried at 80 DEG C～120 DEG C.
Wherein in an embodiment, described oxygen-free atmosphere is vacuum atmosphere, nitrogen atmosphere or indifferent gas bromhidrosis
Atmosphere.
Wherein in an embodiment, the specific surface area of described bamboo charcoal is more than 1000m2/g。
Beneficial effects of the present invention is as follows:
The preparation method of the bamboo charcoal of the present invention, before bamboo wood is carried out carbonization (before i.e. carrying out anaerobic roasting),
First bamboo wood carries out the swollen that alkalizes, and during alkalization swollen, alkaline solution penetrates into inside bamboo wood, wears
Enter the amorphous region of bamboo cellulose, arrive the crystal region outer surface of bamboo wood, destroy in bamboo wood hydrone with
Hydrogen bonded between cellulosic molecule and between cellulosic molecule and cellulosic molecule, exposes a large amount of
Free hydroxyl group, thus inhibit the generation of bamboo tar in carbonisation, greatly reduce the generation of bamboo tar
Amount, thus avoid the blocking to the duct of bamboo charcoal of the bamboo tar, it is effectively increased specific surface area and the suction of bamboo charcoal
Attached ability, and then improve the actual application value of bamboo charcoal.Meanwhile, the preparation method of the present invention is simple, only
One step carbonization i.e. can get bamboo charcoal product, simplifies production process, improves the yield of bamboo charcoal；Additionally, this
In the preparation method of invention, the alkali number of consumption, can far below the consumption of alkali activator in general activating process
To significantly reduce production cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the bamboo charcoal transmission electron microscope photo obtained in embodiment 1.
Detailed description of the invention
Hereinafter the detailed description of the invention of the present invention is described in detail.It should be appreciated that it is described herein
Detailed description of the invention be merely to illustrate and explain the present invention, be not limited to the present invention.
The invention provides the preparation method of a kind of bamboo charcoal, comprise the following steps:
S100: bamboo wood is soaked in alkaline solution 8h～24h.
This step is the committed step in preparation method of the present invention, its object is to make in alkaline solution and bamboo wood
Cellulose react, thus destroy in bamboo wood between hydrone and cellulosic molecule and cellulose divides
Hydrogen bond between son and cellulosic molecule, it is to avoid the cellulosic molecule that the degree of polymerization is higher generates in carbonisation
Substantial amounts of bamboo tar, reduces the growing amount of bamboo tar.This step at room temperature can be carried out, it is not necessary to heated
Journey, simplifies production process, has saved production cost.
As preferably, before step S100, further comprising the steps of: bamboo wood to be broken into thickness less than 0.5cm
Fragment.Which adds the contact area of bamboo wood and alkaline solution, it is possible to make bamboo wood fill with alkaline solution
Divide reaction, improve reaction efficiency.
Wherein, alkaline solution refers to the solution (generally aqueous solution) in alkalescence that pH value is more than 7.Preferably
Ground, as a kind of embodiment, the alkaline solution in step S100 is alkali-metal hydroxide solution.
Alkali-metal hydroxide solution has higher dissolubility in water, and meanwhile, alkali metal is that a class is efficient
Carbon gasification catalyst, can promote bamboo Jiao's oil gasification, improves the yield of bamboo charcoal.Additionally, in step S100
Alkaline solution can also be in the hydroxide solution of alkaline-earth metal or other alkaline solutions (such as ammonia)
At least one.
Preferably, the alkaline solution in step S100 is sodium hydroxide solution, potassium hydroxide solution or the two (hydrogen
Sodium oxide and potassium hydroxide) mixed solution.Sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide dissolubility in water is higher, and
The two preparation is simple, and safety coefficient is higher.
Further, the concentration of sodium hydroxide solution and potassium hydroxide solution is 100g/L～500g/L.If hydrogen-oxygen
Change sodium or the excessive concentration of potassium hydroxide, too much bamboo wood can be consumed, cause bamboo charcoal productivity to decline；If hydrogen-oxygen
The concentration changing sodium or potassium hydroxide is too low, and the bamboo charcoal obtained, containing too much bamboo tar, causes specific surface area and suction
Attached hydraulic performance decline.
Preferably, the pH value of alkaline solution is 8～10, and under this pH value range, alkaline solution can be more preferable
Ground reacts with the cellulose of the high polymerization degree in bamboo wood, thus preferably suppresses bamboo tar in carbonisation
Generation.
S200: the bamboo wood after described immersion is dried process.
It is preferred that as a kind of embodiment, the bamboo wood after soaking can be air-dried, it is also possible to after soaking
Bamboo wood dry at 50 DEG C～120 DEG C.
S300: roasting 1h～4h at 600 DEG C～900 DEG C in an oxygen-free atmosphere by the bamboo wood after dried,
To bamboo charcoal blank.
This step is the carburising step of bamboo wood, in order to prevent the oxy combustion of bamboo wood, improves bamboo charcoal yield, this
Step is carried out in an oxygen-free atmosphere.It is preferred that oxygen-free atmosphere can be vacuum atmosphere, nitrogen atmosphere or inertia
Gas atmosphere.
S400: the bamboo charcoal blank obtained in step S300 is cleaned, is dried, obtains bamboo charcoal.
Bamboo wood, after carbonization, can produce a small amount of impurity, it is therefore desirable to is carried out clearly by the bamboo charcoal blank obtained
Wash dry.Owing to bamboo charcoal there may be the alkali molecules of residual, in order to improve the quality of final products, need
Bamboo charcoal cleaned to neutral, and to be dried at 80 DEG C～120 DEG C.
Bamboo charcoal blank is being carried out after drying, i.e. available required bamboo charcoal.It is preferred that in the present invention
The specific surface area of the bamboo charcoal obtained is more than 1000m2/ g, iodine sorption value is more than 900mg/g.
The preparation method of the bamboo charcoal of the present invention, before by bamboo wood carbonization, first by bamboo wood in alkaline solution
Soak.In immersion process, alkaline solution penetrates into the inside of bamboo wood, through bamboo wood cellulose without
Setting zone, arrives the crystal region outer surface of bamboo wood, thus destroy in bamboo wood hydrone and cellulosic molecule it
Between and cellulosic molecule and cellulosic molecule between hydrogen bonded.On the one hand, alkaline solution can promote
Making cellulose amorphous region in bamboo wood expand, the beneficially infiltration of alkaline solution, on the other hand, alkaline solution can
Being partly dissolved of cellulose initiated crystal region, dissolves the cellulose of hemicellulose and low polymerization degree, exposes
More free hydroxyl group, the accessibility of the hydroxyl in increase cellulose crystallite district, improve the reactivity of bamboo wood.
The cellulose being mainly in carbonisation by the degree of polymerization is higher due to bamboo tar generates, and passes through in the present invention
The immersion of alkaline solution, greatly reduces the degree of polymerization of cellulose in bamboo wood, thus effectively reduces carbonization
The growing amount of bamboo tar in journey, improves specific surface area and the absorbability of bamboo charcoal.
Meanwhile, the preparation method process of the bamboo charcoal of the present invention is simple, and only one step carbonization i.e. can get specific surface area
Higher bamboo charcoal product, simplifies production process, improves bamboo charcoal yield；Additionally, in the leaching of alkaline solution
The alkali number consumed in bubble step, far below the consumption of general activating process neutral and alkali activator, can significantly drop
Low production cost, is suitable for industrialized production, has wide industrialization prospect.
In order to be more fully understood that the present invention, below by the specific embodiment preparation side to the bamboo charcoal of the present invention
Method further illustrates.
Embodiment 1
Bamboo wood is soaked in the potassium hydroxide solution of 400g/L 24h.Bamboo wood is dripped from potassium hydroxide solution
Go out, dry at 120 DEG C.800 DEG C of roasting 2h in stream of nitrogen gas, are then washed to neutrality, dry at 120 DEG C
Dry, obtain bamboo charcoal.Wherein, in the present embodiment, the productivity of bamboo charcoal is 20.1%, and specific surface area is 1310.8m2/ g,
Iodine sorption value is 1250mg/g.Fig. 1 gives the transmission electron microscope photo of bamboo charcoal, it can be seen that this embodiment obtains
The graphite microcrystalline structure of the bamboo charcoal arrived.
Embodiment 2
Bamboo wood is broken into the thickness fragment less than 0.5cm, soaks in the potassium hydroxide solution of 100g/L
20h.Bamboo wood is leached from potassium hydroxide solution, natural air drying.600 DEG C of roasting 4h in an argon stream,
Then it is washed to neutrality, dries at 80 DEG C, obtain bamboo charcoal.Wherein, in the present embodiment, the productivity of bamboo charcoal is 25.4%,
Specific surface area is 1100.5m2/ g, iodine sorption value is 1032mg/g.
Embodiment 3
Bamboo wood is broken into the thickness fragment less than 0.5cm, the potassium hydroxide solution of 300g/L soaks 8h.
Bamboo wood is leached from potassium hydroxide solution, dries at 80 DEG C.700 DEG C of roasting 1h in stream of nitrogen gas, so
After be washed to neutrality, at 120 DEG C dry, obtain bamboo charcoal.Wherein, in the present embodiment, the productivity of bamboo charcoal is 15.2%,
Specific surface area is 1421.8m2/ g, iodine sorption value is 1357.6mg/g.
Embodiment 4
Bamboo wood is soaked in the sodium hydroxide solution of 180g/L 24h.Bamboo wood is dripped from sodium hydroxide solution
Go out, natural air drying.800 DEG C of roasting 2h in vacuum atmosphere, are then washed to neutrality, dry at 100 DEG C,
Obtain bamboo charcoal.Wherein, in the present embodiment, the productivity of bamboo charcoal is 17.1%, and specific surface area is 1029.1m2/ g, iodine
Adsorptive value is 921mg/g.
Embodiment 5
Bamboo wood is broken into the thickness fragment less than 0.5cm, soaks in the sodium hydroxide solution of 500g/L
12h.Bamboo wood is leached from sodium hydroxide solution, dries at 50 DEG C.900 DEG C of roasting 1h in stream of nitrogen gas,
Then it is washed to neutrality, dries at 120 DEG C, obtain bamboo charcoal.Wherein, in the present embodiment, the productivity of bamboo charcoal is
12.1%, specific surface area is 1211.8m2/ g, iodine sorption value is 1095.2mg/g.
Embodiment 6
Bamboo wood is broken into the thickness fragment less than 0.5cm, at sodium hydroxide and the potassium hydroxide of 400g/L
Mixed solution soaks 12h.Bamboo wood is leached from mixed solution, dries at 90 DEG C.In stream of nitrogen gas
900 DEG C of roasting 3h, are then washed to neutrality, dry, obtain bamboo charcoal at 110 DEG C.Wherein, in the present embodiment
The productivity of bamboo charcoal is 12.4%, and specific surface area is 1216.8m2/ g, iodine sorption value is 1075.4mg/g.
Embodiment 7
Bamboo wood is broken into the thickness fragment less than 0.5cm, calcium hydroxide saturated solution soaks 24h.
Bamboo wood is leached from calcium hydroxide saturated solution, dries at 95 DEG C.850 DEG C of roasting 2.5h in stream of nitrogen gas,
Then it is washed to neutrality, dries at 60 DEG C, obtain bamboo charcoal.Wherein, in the present embodiment, the productivity of bamboo charcoal is 12.6%,
Specific surface area is 1136.4m2/ g, iodine sorption value is 1045.4mg/g.
Embodiment 8
Bamboo wood is broken into the thickness fragment less than 0.5cm, soaks in the ammonia mixed solution with sodium hydroxide
Bubble 8h, wherein, the pH value of this mixed solution is 8.Bamboo wood is leached from mixed solution, dries at 80 DEG C.
In stream of nitrogen gas at 750 DEG C roasting 2h, be then washed to neutrality, at 100 DEG C dry, obtain bamboo charcoal.
Wherein, in the present embodiment, the productivity of bamboo charcoal is 16.2%, and specific surface area is 1381.6m2/ g, iodine sorption value is
1375.4mg/g。
Embodiment 9
Bamboo wood is broken into the thickness fragment less than 0.5cm, soaks in the ammonia mixed solution with sodium hydroxide
Bubble 8h, wherein, the pH value of this mixed solution is 9.Bamboo wood is leached from mixed solution, dries at 75 DEG C.
In stream of nitrogen gas at 850 DEG C roasting 2h, be then washed to neutrality, at 110 DEG C dry, obtain bamboo charcoal.
Wherein, in the present embodiment, the productivity of bamboo charcoal is 16.4%, and specific surface area is 1380.2m2/ g, iodine sorption value is
1380.2mg/g。
Embodiment 10
Bamboo wood is broken into the thickness fragment less than 0.5cm, soaks in the ammonia mixed solution with sodium hydroxide
Bubble 8h, wherein, the pH value of this mixed solution is 10.Bamboo wood is leached from mixed solution, dries at 80 DEG C
Dry.In stream of nitrogen gas at 800 DEG C roasting 2h, be then washed to neutrality, at 100 DEG C dry, obtain bamboo
Charcoal.Wherein, in the present embodiment, the productivity of bamboo charcoal is 15.8%, and specific surface area is 1411.6m2/ g, iodine sorption value
For 1362.4mg/g.
Embodiment described above only have expressed the several embodiments of the present invention, and it describes more concrete and detailed,
But therefore can not be interpreted as the restriction to the scope of the claims of the present invention.It should be pointed out that, for this area
Those of ordinary skill for, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, it is also possible to make some deformation and
Improving, these broadly fall into protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be with appended
Claim is as the criterion.
Claims (9)
1. the preparation method of a bamboo charcoal, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
S100: bamboo wood is soaked in alkaline solution 8h～24h；
S200: the bamboo wood after described immersion is dried process；
S300: roasting 1h～4h at 600 DEG C～900 DEG C in an oxygen-free atmosphere by the bamboo wood after described dried,
Obtain bamboo charcoal blank；
S400: the bamboo charcoal blank obtained in step S300 is cleaned, is dried, obtains bamboo charcoal.
The preparation method of bamboo charcoal the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step S100 it
Before, further comprising the steps of:
Bamboo wood is broken into the thickness fragment less than 0.5cm.
The preparation method of bamboo charcoal the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described alkaline solution is
Alkali-metal hydroxide solution.
The preparation method of bamboo charcoal the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described alkaline solution is
Sodium hydroxide solution, potassium hydroxide solution or the mixed solution of the two.
The preparation method of bamboo charcoal the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described sodium hydroxide is molten
The concentration of liquid or described potassium hydroxide solution is 100g/L～500g/L.
The preparation method of bamboo charcoal the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step S200,
The condition of described dried is:
Dry by the bamboo wood natural air drying after described immersion or at 50 DEG C～120 DEG C.
The preparation method of bamboo charcoal the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step S400,
Described cleaning, drying condition be: cleans described bamboo charcoal blank to neutral, and carries out at 80 DEG C～120 DEG C
It is dried.
The preparation method of bamboo charcoal the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described oxygen-free atmosphere is
Vacuum atmosphere, nitrogen atmosphere or inert gas atmosphere.
9. according to the preparation method of the bamboo charcoal described in any one of claim 1～8, it is characterised in that described bamboo
The specific surface area of charcoal is more than 1000m2/g。
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| CN201510078201.8A CN105984872A (en) | 2015-02-13 | 2015-02-13 | Bamboo charcoal preparation method |
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| CN201510078201.8A CN105984872A (en) | 2015-02-13 | 2015-02-13 | Bamboo charcoal preparation method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108410235A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2018-08-17 | 合肥月煌新型装饰材料有限公司 | A kind of inner wall decoration material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110743525A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-02-04 | 广西五行材料科技有限公司 | Nano bamboo charcoal for treating air pollution through photocatalysis and high activity |
| CN113332955A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-09-03 | 国际竹藤中心 | Magnetic activated carbon and preparation method, regeneration method and application thereof |
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| CN1830772A (en) * | 2006-03-17 | 2006-09-13 | 华南理工大学 | Preparation method of high superficial area bamboo active carbon |
| CN103316632A (en) * | 2013-06-04 | 2013-09-25 | 重庆大学 | Bamboo reed biocarbon, preparation method, and method for strengthening ammonia-nitrogen absorbing ability |
| CN104163426A (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2014-11-26 | 深圳市环境科学研究院 | Active carbon preparation method and giant reed active carbon |
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| CN1830772A (en) * | 2006-03-17 | 2006-09-13 | 华南理工大学 | Preparation method of high superficial area bamboo active carbon |
| CN103316632A (en) * | 2013-06-04 | 2013-09-25 | 重庆大学 | Bamboo reed biocarbon, preparation method, and method for strengthening ammonia-nitrogen absorbing ability |
| CN104163426A (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2014-11-26 | 深圳市环境科学研究院 | Active carbon preparation method and giant reed active carbon |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108410235A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2018-08-17 | 合肥月煌新型装饰材料有限公司 | A kind of inner wall decoration material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110743525A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-02-04 | 广西五行材料科技有限公司 | Nano bamboo charcoal for treating air pollution through photocatalysis and high activity |
| CN113332955A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-09-03 | 国际竹藤中心 | Magnetic activated carbon and preparation method, regeneration method and application thereof |
| CN113332955B (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2023-06-23 | 国际竹藤中心 | Magnetic activated carbon for heavy metal adsorption and preparation method and regeneration method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20161005 |