CN105980245B - 拉索辊卷起装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种承载可绕其垂直轴旋转的大体上垂直桅杆的风力驱动的船舶,其具有由所述桅杆承载的帆,其中所述帆的底部边缘接近所述桅杆的底部而附接且所述帆延伸到接近所述桅杆的顶部的附接点。大体上马蹄形部件具有开口端且围绕所述桅杆延伸。所述桅杆可在所述马蹄形部件内旋转。位于所述桅杆的所述顶部的轴承支撑的固定部件由所述桅杆承载,同时允许所述桅杆旋转。支撑拉索从所述马蹄形部件延伸到所述轴承支撑的部件以支撑所述马蹄形部件。额外拉索附接到所述马蹄形部件且张开以附接到所述船舶的船体的相对侧。所述帆穿过所述马蹄形部件的所述开口端来围绕所述桅杆收帆。
Description
相关申请案的交叉参考
本专利申请案主张2013年12月20日申请的序列号为61/919,391的美国临时专利申请案及2014年11月19日申请的序列号为14/546,339的美国专利申请案的申请日期的权利,所述申请案的揭示内容以引用的方式并入本文中。
技术领域
本发明涉及新颖船舶。
背景技术
帆船依赖于利用风力来产生推进力。在其最基本形式中,这通过将垂直桅杆附装到船来实现,其中帆在一侧上附接到桅杆的长度且在相对角上附接到可调整绳索。为了支撑桅杆上的载荷,以悬臂方式将桅杆连接到船体。大多数帆装包含附接到位于帆的下方的桅杆的下端的压缩部件,其水平延伸到帆的相对尖端。此称为下桁。为改进帆的空气动力,通常将板条集成到帆布中。板条最为普遍地由玻璃纤维杆构造,且定向在大体上水平位置中,沿帆的垂直长度间隔开。
这种常规帆装的变化允许桅杆绕其垂直轴旋转。这通过使用轴承支撑桅杆的基座的较短长度来实现。旋转桅杆因此致使帆围绕桅杆的直径缠绕或卷起。这有利于帆船的功能性,从而允许用户卷起或展开帆以针对多种条件获得适当的帆面积量,或完全将帆卷起。将帆围绕桅杆卷起需要帆不具有水平板条,这是因为水平板条不够柔软而无法缠绕桅杆的小直径。取而代之的是使用对角板条。这种风格的帆装的折衷是仅在基座处支撑桅杆使帆装的效率受损,这是因为桅杆的尖端在风的载荷下弯曲,从而减少可利用的力的量。其还需要船体与桅杆之间的非常坚固的连接以及坚硬的桅杆。
为增大强度并减轻重量,许多帆船使用拉索将桅杆的载荷转移到船的船体。拉索为受拉部件。拉索为在沿桅杆的长度往上约三分之二到四分之三处附装到桅杆的钢索或绳索。在此位置处支撑桅杆允许桅杆的平衡风载荷,最小化弯曲且因此保持最优帆形状。这些拉索向下延伸到船体的左侧及右侧以及船体的前部。使用拉索支撑桅杆允许桅杆的基座简单地支撑于船体上。其还归因于较大的力臂而降低了对支撑硬件的强度需求,从而减轻了帆装的重量。
在强风条件下,可能有必要减小帆面积量以避免将帆船压倒或使其倾覆。就传统拉索帆装而言,将拉索附装到桅杆,由于桅杆不能旋转,因此排除了帆围绕桅杆卷起的可能性。使用拉索帆装减小帆面积的最简单解决方案被称作收帆。以此方法,帆沿桅杆的长度下降到一半,且在帆的底部收拢帆的下段。尽管这起到作用,但其并不是非常快速或整齐。另一设计允许下桁在帆沿桅杆的长度下降时旋转,从而将帆围绕下桁卷起。这种设计上的变化非常类似地起作用,但采用中空下桁内部的旋转心轴,当帆被卷起时所述帆缠绕所述旋转心轴。这两种设计需要下桁。另一设计以类似方式起作用,但将帆围绕桅杆内部的心轴卷起。这种设计排除板条的使用且增加桅杆的重量。另一较不普遍的设计允许帆在桅杆旋转时围绕桅杆卷起,其中拉索延伸到桅杆的尖端。这不是普遍的设计,因为仅在顶部及底部支撑桅杆形成并非最优的帆形状,这是由于桅杆在中间弯曲。其还使得难以在有帆载荷的情况下使桅杆旋转。
发明内容
简单地说,本发明包括一种承载由拉索支撑的大体上垂直桅杆的风力驱动的船舶,所述船舶包括构件,所述构件用于在允许所述桅杆绕其垂直轴旋转的同时使用沿所述桅杆的垂直长度但在所述桅杆的顶部下方的所述拉索支撑所述桅杆。
本发明进一步包括一种承载可绕其垂直轴旋转的大体上垂直桅杆的风力驱动的船舶,帆,其由所述桅杆承载,其中所述帆的底部边缘接近所述桅杆的底部而附接且所述帆延伸到接近所述桅杆的顶部的附接点,第一部件,其具有开口端且部分围绕所述桅杆延伸,所述桅杆可在所述部件内旋转,轴承安装的固定第二部件,其位于所述桅杆的顶部且由所述桅杆承载,同时允许所述桅杆旋转,支撑拉索,其从所述第一部件延伸到所述轴承安装的第二部件以支撑所述第一部件,及额外拉索,其附接到所述第一部件且张开以附接到所述船舶的船体的相对侧,所述帆通过所述桅杆的旋转穿过所述第一部件的所述开口端来围绕所述桅杆收帆。
更特定来说,本发明包括一种承载可绕其垂直轴旋转的大体上垂直桅杆的船舶,帆,其由所述桅杆承载,其中所述帆的底部边缘接近所述桅杆的底部而附接且所述帆延伸到接近所述桅杆的顶部的附接点;大体上马蹄形部件,其具有开口端且部分围绕所述桅杆延伸,所述桅杆可在所述马蹄形部件内旋转;轴承安装的固定部件,其位于所述桅杆的顶部且由所述桅杆承载,同时允许所述桅杆旋转;支撑拉索,其从所述马蹄形部件延伸到所述轴承安装的部件以支撑所述马蹄形部件;及额外拉索,其附接到所述马蹄形部件且张开以附接到所述船舶的船体的相对侧,所述帆是通过所述桅杆的旋转而穿过所述马蹄形部件的所述开口端来围绕所述桅杆收帆。
根据本发明,帆装由仍允许帆围绕桅杆卷起的拉索恰当地支撑。为实现此功能,作为对将拉索直接附接到桅杆的代替,将所述拉索附接到优选马蹄形组件但不附接到桅杆,所述马蹄形组件在沿桅杆的长度向上约2/3到3/4处的相同位置中部分地环绕桅杆。从此马蹄形物出发,支撑拉索延伸到桅杆的尖端,所述桅杆在此处附装到轴承,从而允许桅杆旋转。此系统允许来自拉索的力的垂直分量由通向桅杆的尖端的支撑拉索支撑,且力的水平分量由马蹄形物支撑。此装置还允许帆穿过马蹄形物的两个端之间的间隙而围绕桅杆卷起。为促使在卷起时有较低摩擦且避免损坏帆布,将辊附接到马蹄形物的端,从而允许帆即使在有载荷的情况下也馈通且缠绕桅杆。
附图说明
在图式中:
图1为从装备有本发明的帆装的双体船的右后方观察的透视图。
图2为装备有本发明的帆装的双体船的俯视图。
图3为装备有本发明的帆装的双体船的后视图。
图4为装备有本发明的帆装的双体船的侧视图。
图5为在图4中的A处取得的桅杆的顶部的放大视图。
图6为图1到4中所展示的双体船的桅杆的放大俯视图,其更详细展示马蹄形部件。
图7为承载马蹄形部件的桅杆及从马蹄形部件延伸到桅杆的顶部的第一拉索以及延伸到双体船的相对侧的两个张开的拉索的正视图。
图8为从侧面取得的图7的桅杆的视图。
图9为图7的桅杆的后视图。
图10为桅杆的顶部的侧视图,其展示在桅杆的顶部处承载的第一拉索及轴承支撑部件。
图11为如图10中所展示的桅杆的顶部的俯视图。
图12为沿图11中的线12-12取得的部分截面图。
图13为承载马蹄形部件及第一拉索的桅杆的那部分的透视图。
图14为向下观察图13的桅杆、马蹄形部件及第一拉索的视图。
图15为图13的桅杆、马蹄形部件及第一拉索的后视图。
图16为图13的桅杆、马蹄形部件及第一拉索的侧视图。
图17为所述桅杆的俯视图,其展示帆在桅杆被旋转时围绕所述桅杆卷起。
具体实施方式
更详细参考图式,船舶10具有垂直桅杆12,垂直桅杆12可绕其自身的垂直轴旋转且在所述船舶的结构内保持在合适配合中。桅杆12承载帆14。
第一部件优选地为大体上马蹄形部件16,其具有开口端或间隙18且以其它方式围绕所述桅杆延伸。马蹄形部件16由从马蹄形部件16延伸到第二部件的拉索20支撑,所述第二部件为由桅杆12的顶部24承载的轴承安装部件22。在图10中的26处展示所述轴承。
桅杆12可在马蹄形部件16内自由旋转且还可相对于轴承安装部件22自由旋转。
额外拉索28及30从马蹄形部件16分别延伸到位于32及34处的船舶的侧。
在卷起时,帆14通过位于定位在马蹄形部件16的开口端18的每一侧处的导辊36之间的间隙18。当旋转桅杆时,帆14紧密地围绕桅杆12卷起,如图17中所展示。
当帆14展开时,自由端由附接到横向部件40的拉索38固持。
帆14具有沿其前端的长度的套筒42或帆桁袋。当与桅杆12组装时,将所述桅杆插入套筒42且接着将所述帆的顶部及底部附装到所述桅杆。以此方式,当帆被卷起时,所述帆在所述桅杆被旋转时开始卷绕所述桅杆。
所展示的船舶为双体船。然而,如所属领域的技术人员将清楚,本发明大体上适用于帆船。
Claims (6)
1.一种包括可绕其垂直轴旋转的大体上垂直桅杆的风力驱动的船舶;
帆,其由所述桅杆承载,其中所述帆的底部边缘接近所述桅杆的底部而附接且所述帆延伸到接近所述桅杆的顶部的附接点;
第一部件,其为盘状元件且具有远小于所述桅杆的高度的高度,所述第一部件具有开口端且部分围绕所述桅杆延伸,所述桅杆可在所述部件内旋转;
轴承安装的固定第二部件,其位于所述桅杆的所述顶部且由所述桅杆承载,同时允许所述桅杆旋转;
至少一个支撑拉索,其从所述第一部件延伸到所述轴承安装的第二部件以支撑所述第一部件;
所述帆适于通过凭借在所述桅杆的旋转之后自由地穿过所述第一部件的所述开口端来围绕所述桅杆完全卷起而收帆。
2.一种包括可绕其垂直轴旋转的大体上垂直桅杆的风力驱动的船舶;
帆,其由所述桅杆承载,其中所述帆的底部边缘接近所述桅杆的底部而附接且所述帆延伸到接近所述桅杆的顶部的附接点;
第一部件,其为盘状元件且具有远小于所述桅杆的高度的高度,所述第一部件具有开口端且部分围绕所述桅杆延伸,所述桅杆可在所述部件内旋转;
轴承安装的固定第二部件,其位于所述桅杆的所述顶部且由所述桅杆承载,同时允许所述桅杆旋转;
至少一个支撑拉索,其从所述第一部件延伸到所述轴承安装的第二部件以支撑所述第一部件;
额外拉索,其附接到所述第一部件且张开以附接到所述船舶的船体的相对侧,所述帆是通过所述桅杆的旋转而穿过所述第一部件的所述开口端来围绕所述桅杆收帆;
所述帆适于通过凭借在所述桅杆的旋转之后自由地穿过所述第一部件的所述开口端来围绕所述桅杆完全卷起而收帆。
3.一种包括可绕其垂直轴旋转的大体上垂直桅杆的船舶;
帆,其由所述桅杆承载,其中所述帆的底部边缘接近所述桅杆的底部而附接且所述帆延伸到接近所述桅杆的顶部的附接点;
大体上马蹄形部件,其为盘状元件且具有远小于所述桅杆的高度的高度,所述大体上马蹄形部件具有开口端且部分围绕所述桅杆延伸,所述桅杆可在所述马蹄形部件内旋转;
轴承安装的固定部件,其位于所述桅杆的所述顶部且由所述桅杆承载,同时允许所述桅杆旋转;
至少一个支撑拉索,其从所述马蹄形部件延伸到所述轴承安装的部件以支撑所述马蹄形部件;
所述帆适于通过凭借在所述桅杆的旋转之后自由地穿过所述大体上马蹄形部件的所述开口端来围绕所述桅杆完全卷起而收帆。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的船舶,其中所述第一部件的所述开口端具有对置辊,其用于在所述帆围绕所述桅杆收帆时接触并引导所述帆。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的船舶,其中所述第一部件定位在沿所述桅杆的长度往上约三分之二到四分之三处。
6.根据权利要求1或2或3所述的船舶,其中所述船舶为双体船。
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
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US201361919391P | 2013-12-20 | 2013-12-20 | |
US61/919,391 | 2013-12-20 | ||
US14/546,339 | 2014-11-18 | ||
US14/546,339 US9345762B2 (en) | 2014-11-18 | 2014-11-18 | Stayed roller furler |
PCT/US2014/068086 WO2015094638A1 (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2014-12-02 | Cantilevered sail rig |
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CN105980245A CN105980245A (zh) | 2016-09-28 |
CN105980245B true CN105980245B (zh) | 2018-06-12 |
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US (1) | US9345762B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP3092172B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN105980245B (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2014367005B2 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2929372C (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2015094638A1 (zh) |
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US20180127075A1 (en) | 2016-10-15 | 2018-05-10 | Alistair JOHNSON | Tig rig sail system |
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FR2551722B1 (fr) * | 1983-09-09 | 1989-04-14 | Proengin | Perfectionnements apportes aux enrouleurs de grand'voile comportant un tube parallele au mat |
IT1201331B (it) * | 1985-07-23 | 1989-01-27 | Fabio Perini | Attrezzatura velica con carenatura,di esecuzione semplice e facilmente smontabile |
FR2603551B1 (fr) * | 1986-09-10 | 1991-04-19 | Proengin | Dispositif de reduction de voilure pour bateau a voiles et mat adapte pour recevoir un tel dispositif |
FR2625967B1 (fr) * | 1988-01-20 | 1991-02-22 | Proengin | Enrouleur-reducteur de voilure du type comprenant un tube enrouleur parallele au mat |
FR2658154A1 (fr) * | 1990-02-14 | 1991-08-16 | Havre Chantiers | Dispositif de guidage d'un tube enrouleur de grand-voile. |
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2014
- 2014-11-18 US US14/546,339 patent/US9345762B2/en active Active
- 2014-12-02 CA CA2929372A patent/CA2929372C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-12-02 CN CN201480066890.4A patent/CN105980245B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-12-02 WO PCT/US2014/068086 patent/WO2015094638A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-12-02 EP EP14872079.0A patent/EP3092172B1/en active Active
- 2014-12-02 AU AU2014367005A patent/AU2014367005B2/en active Active
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US3835804A (en) * | 1973-02-01 | 1974-09-17 | P Jackson | Sail furling |
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US4621587A (en) * | 1983-11-01 | 1986-11-11 | Pool Peter J | Boat construction |
WO2009135969A1 (es) * | 2008-05-05 | 2009-11-12 | Inversail, S.A. | Aparejo túnel |
CN202063251U (zh) * | 2011-03-14 | 2011-12-07 | 董大勇 | 墙式风帆 |
CN202624574U (zh) * | 2012-06-28 | 2012-12-26 | 厦门瀚盛游艇有限公司 | 玻璃钢帆船可卧倒式桅杆机构 |
CN102975838A (zh) * | 2012-12-25 | 2013-03-20 | 陈和 | 一种附装有篷帆的船桨 |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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CN105980245A (zh) | 2016-09-28 |
EP3092172A1 (en) | 2016-11-16 |
US20150175243A1 (en) | 2015-06-25 |
EP3092172A4 (en) | 2017-09-27 |
EP3092172B1 (en) | 2019-02-13 |
WO2015094638A1 (en) | 2015-06-25 |
CA2929372A1 (en) | 2015-06-25 |
US9345762B2 (en) | 2016-05-24 |
CA2929372C (en) | 2017-08-29 |
AU2014367005B2 (en) | 2016-05-19 |
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