CN105977600A - Small-size three-passband differential power divider - Google Patents

Small-size three-passband differential power divider Download PDF

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CN105977600A
CN105977600A CN201610482190.4A CN201610482190A CN105977600A CN 105977600 A CN105977600 A CN 105977600A CN 201610482190 A CN201610482190 A CN 201610482190A CN 105977600 A CN105977600 A CN 105977600A
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microstrip
output port
shaped
dielectric substrate
shaped differential
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陈蕾
高嵩
王鹏
李晓艳
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Xian Technological University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01PWAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/12Coupling devices having more than two ports
    • H01P5/16Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port

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Abstract

本发明属于微波通信技术领域,特别涉及一种小型化三通带差分功率分配器,该分配器包括微带介质基板、金属接地板、微带馈线、缺陷地结构和隔离电阻;微带介质基板包括上层微带介质基板和下层微带介质基板;在上层微带介质基板的下表面设有金属接地板,在上层微带介质基板的上表面和下层微带介质基板的下表面均设置有微带馈线;金属接地板上蚀刻有缺陷地结构,缺陷地结构包括多个互补开口谐振环,互补开口谐振环通过两侧对称设置的输入缝隙线和输出缝隙线与微带馈线连接。本发明可广泛应用于无线通信系统射频前端电路中的多频率通信系统,具有构成简单,制造成本低,尺寸小巧、工作频带宽、可靠耐用等特点。

The invention belongs to the field of microwave communication technology, and particularly relates to a miniaturized three-way differential power divider, which comprises a microstrip dielectric substrate, a metal ground plate, a microstrip feeder, a defective ground structure and an isolation resistor; a microstrip dielectric substrate It includes an upper microstrip dielectric substrate and a lower microstrip dielectric substrate; a metal ground plate is provided on the lower surface of the upper microstrip dielectric substrate, and a microstrip is provided on the upper surface of the upper microstrip dielectric substrate and the lower surface of the lower microstrip dielectric substrate. With a feeder line; a defective ground structure is etched on the metal ground plate, and the defective ground structure includes a plurality of complementary split resonant rings, and the complementary split resonant rings are connected to the microstrip feeder line through input slot lines and output slot lines arranged symmetrically on both sides. The invention can be widely applied to the multi-frequency communication system in the radio frequency front-end circuit of the wireless communication system, and has the characteristics of simple structure, low manufacturing cost, small size, wide operating frequency range, reliability and durability, and the like.

Description

小型化三通带差分功率分配器Miniaturized tee with differential power divider

技术领域 technical field

本发明属于微波通信技术领域,特别涉及一种小型化三通带差分功率分配器,本发明可应用于无线通信系统射频前端电路中的多频率通信系统。 The invention belongs to the field of microwave communication technology, and in particular relates to a miniaturized three-way differential power splitter, which can be applied to a multi-frequency communication system in a radio frequency front-end circuit of a wireless communication system.

背景技术 Background technique

近些年,随着移动通信技术的快速发展,一个通信系统往往需要工作在多个通信模式,如果每种模式均采用一个功率分配器将导致通信系统体积大、成本高,而多频功率分配器能同时涵盖多个通信模式,占用体积小,成本较低,得到了广泛的研究。另一方面,由于差分功率分配器对噪声有较好的抑制作用,能够提高系统的灵敏度,满足现代通信系统高质量的通信要求。 In recent years, with the rapid development of mobile communication technology, a communication system often needs to work in multiple communication modes. If each mode uses a power divider, the communication system will be large in size and high in cost. Multi-frequency power distribution The device can cover multiple communication modes at the same time, occupies a small volume, and has low cost, and has been extensively studied. On the other hand, since the differential power divider has a good suppression effect on noise, it can improve the sensitivity of the system and meet the high-quality communication requirements of modern communication systems.

因此,为了提高无线通信系统的抗干扰性,同时能够涵盖多个通信标准,近些年国内外很多研究机构和学者都致力于差分功率分配器的研究。根据“Bin Xia;Lin-Sheng Wu; Junfa Mao;A new balanced-to-balanced power divider/combiner,IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and TechniqueS,2012,pp. 2791-27989”所提出的一种基于矩阵变换的威尔金森差分功率分配器,这种功率分配器尺寸较大,工作频带较窄。根据“Jin Shi;Kai Xu;Compact differential power divider with enhanced bandwidth and in-phase or out-of-phase output ports,Electronics Letters,2014,pp. 1209-1211”所提出的一种利用耦合线来实现的差分功率分配器,该功率分配器插损较大,而且不能实现多频带工作。目前亟需一种小型化、工作频带宽、可靠耐用的三通带差分功率分配器。 Therefore, in order to improve the anti-interference performance of the wireless communication system and cover multiple communication standards at the same time, many research institutions and scholars at home and abroad have devoted themselves to the research of differential power dividers in recent years. According to "Bin Xia; Lin-Sheng Wu; Junfa Mao; A new balanced-to-balanced power divider/combiner, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and TechniqueS, 2012, pp. 2791-27989" proposed a Wilkinson differential power divider based on matrix transformation. This power divider has a large size and a narrow operating frequency band. According to "Jin Shi; Kai Xu; Compact differential power divider with enhanced bandwidth and in-phase or out-of-phase output ports, Electronics Letters, 2014, pp. 1209-1211" proposes a differential power divider realized by using coupled lines. The loss is relatively large, and multi-band work cannot be realized. At present, there is an urgent need for a miniaturized, wide-band operating frequency, reliable and durable three-way differential power divider.

发明内容 Contents of the invention

本发明涉及一种小型化三通带差分功率分配器,解决现有技术中差分功率分配器构成复杂、尺寸大、成本高昂、工作频带窄且插损较大、耐用性和可靠性低不高的问题。 The invention relates to a miniaturized three-way differential power divider, which solves the problem of complex structure, large size, high cost, narrow working frequency band, large insertion loss, low durability and reliability of the differential power divider in the prior art. The problem.

为了解决上述问题,本发明的技术方案为: In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution of the present invention is:

小型化三通带差分功率分配器,包括微带介质基板、金属接地板、微带馈线、缺陷地结构和隔离电阻; Miniaturized three-way differential power divider, including microstrip dielectric substrate, metal ground plate, microstrip feeder, defective ground structure and isolation resistor;

所述的微带介质基板包括上层微带介质基板和下层微带介质基板;在上层微带介质基板的下表面设有所述的金属接地板,在上层微带介质基板的上表面和下层微带介质基板的下表面均设置有微带馈线; The microstrip dielectric substrate includes an upper microstrip dielectric substrate and a lower microstrip dielectric substrate; the metal grounding plate is provided on the lower surface of the upper microstrip dielectric substrate, and the upper surface of the upper microstrip dielectric substrate and the lower microstrip dielectric substrate The lower surface of the dielectric substrate is provided with a microstrip feeder;

所述的微带馈线包括设置于上层微带介质基板上表面的侧U型差分输入端口、第一侧U型差分输出端口和设置于下层微带介质基板下表面的第二侧U型差分输出端口; The microstrip feeder includes a side U-shaped differential input port disposed on the upper surface of the upper microstrip dielectric substrate, a first-side U-shaped differential output port, and a second-side U-shaped differential output disposed on the lower surface of the lower microstrip dielectric substrate port;

所述的侧U型差分输入端口、第一侧U型差分输出端口线路形状相同,侧U型差分输入端口和第一侧U型差分输出端口分别设置于上层微带介质基板上表面两侧并关于微带介质基板的纵向中心轴对称;所述的侧U型差分输入端口、第一侧U型差分输出端口和第二侧U型差分输出端口均关于微带介质基板的横向中心轴对称; The side U-shaped differential input port and the first side U-shaped differential output port have the same circuit shape, and the side U-shaped differential input port and the first side U-shaped differential output port are respectively arranged on both sides of the upper surface of the upper microstrip dielectric substrate and It is symmetrical about the longitudinal center axis of the microstrip dielectric substrate; the side U-shaped differential input port, the first side U-shaped differential output port and the second side U-shaped differential output port are all symmetrical about the transverse central axis of the microstrip dielectric substrate;

在金属接地板上蚀刻有所述的缺陷地结构;缺陷地结构包括多个互补开口谐振环,多个互补开口谐振环相互独立,多个互补开口谐振环相对于金属接地板的中心点呈包围状自内向外相互嵌套设置,多个互补开口谐振环的开口方向互补;最外层的互补开口谐振环两侧对称连有输入缝隙线和输出缝隙线;输入、输出缝隙线分别与侧U型差分输入端口、第一侧U型差分输出端口和第二侧U型差分输出端口连接; The defective ground structure is etched on the metal ground plate; the defective ground structure includes a plurality of complementary split resonant rings, the multiple complementary split resonant rings are independent of each other, and the multiple complementary split resonant rings surround the center point of the metal ground plate The shape is nested from inside to outside, and the opening directions of multiple complementary split resonant rings are complementary; the outermost complementary split resonant rings are symmetrically connected with input slot lines and output slot lines on both sides; the input and output slot lines are respectively connected to the side U The U-shaped differential input port, the U-shaped differential output port on the first side, and the U-shaped differential output port on the second side are connected;

在第一侧U型差分输出端口和第二侧U型差分输出端口的重合处分别开有多个非金属化过孔,多个非金属化过孔内均放入隔离电阻。 A plurality of non-metallized via holes are respectively opened at overlapping positions of the U-shaped differential output port on the first side and the U-shaped differential output port on the second side, and isolation resistors are placed in the multiple non-metallized via holes.

所述的侧U型差分输入端口、第一侧U型差分输出端口均由两段纵向平行的50欧姆微带线和中间的一段横向微带线相连构成; The side U-shaped differential input port and the first side U-shaped differential output port are both composed of two vertically parallel 50-ohm microstrip lines connected with a middle section of transverse microstrip line;

所述的第二侧U型差分输出端口由两段90度弯折的50欧姆微带线和中间的一段横向微带线相连构成; The U-shaped differential output port on the second side is composed of two 50-ohm microstrip lines bent at 90 degrees and connected with a transverse microstrip line in the middle;

侧U型差分输入端口、第一侧U型差分输出端口和第二侧U型差分输出端口中间的横向微带线具有相同的结构尺寸,输入缝隙线和输出缝隙线分别与差分输入端口、第一侧U型差分输出端口和第二侧U型差分输出端口的横向微带线正交连接。 The lateral microstrip lines in the middle of the U-shaped differential input port on the side, the U-shaped differential output port on the first side, and the U-shaped differential output port on the second side have the same structural size, and the input slot line and the output slot line are respectively connected to the differential input port and the second U-shaped differential output port. The transverse microstrip lines of the U-shaped differential output port on one side and the U-shaped differential output port on the second side are orthogonally connected.

所述的缺陷地结构包括三个互补开口谐振环,最内层的互补开口谐振环开口向上,位于中层的互补开口谐振环开口向下,最外层的互补开口谐振环开口向上。 The defective ground structure includes three complementary split resonant rings, the innermost complementary split resonant ring opens upward, the middle complementary split resonant ring opens downward, and the outermost complementary split resonant ring opens upward.

所述的缺陷地结构包括三个互补开口谐振环,最内层的互补开口谐振环开口向下,位于中层的互补开口谐振环开口向上,最外层的互补开口谐振环开口向下。 The defective ground structure includes three complementary split resonant rings, the innermost complementary split resonant ring opens downward, the middle complementary split resonant ring opens upward, and the outermost complementary split resonant ring opens downward.

所述的互补开口谐振环为半波长谐振器。 The complementary split resonator ring is a half-wavelength resonator.

所述的输入缝隙线与输出缝隙线均为阶梯阻抗型缝隙线。 Both the input slot line and the output slot line are ladder impedance type slot lines.

在三个互补开口谐振环中,每个互补开口谐振环的左右两侧走线根据与其他两个互补开口环之间的耦合大小需要设计为直线型或折线型。 Among the three complementary split resonators, the traces on the left and right sides of each complementary split resonator are designed to be linear or zigzag according to the coupling with the other two complementary split rings.

差分信号通过侧U型差分输入端口输入,侧U型差分输入端口与输入缝隙线的正交部分将能量耦合到三个互补开口谐振环上,差分信号经过输出缝隙线与第一侧U型差分输出端口的正交部分将能量耦合到第一侧U型差分输出端口,差分信号经过输出缝隙线与第二侧U型输出端口的正交部分将能量耦合到第二侧U型输出端口。 The differential signal is input through the side U-shaped differential input port, and the orthogonal part of the side U-shaped differential input port and the input slot line couples energy to three complementary split resonant rings, and the differential signal passes through the output slot line and the first side U-shaped differential The orthogonal portion of the output port couples energy to the U-shaped differential output port on the first side, and the differential signal passes through the output slot line and the orthogonal portion of the U-shaped output port on the second side to couple energy to the U-shaped output port on the second side.

本发明的有益效果: Beneficial effects of the present invention:

1.本发明首次提出三通带差分功率分配器,可广泛应用于多频带通信系统中,具有构成简单,制造成本低,尺寸小巧、工作频带宽、可靠耐用等特点; 1. The invention proposes a three-way differential power divider for the first time, which can be widely used in multi-band communication systems, and has the characteristics of simple structure, low manufacturing cost, small size, wide operating frequency range, reliability and durability;

2.本发明仅需三个相互嵌套的不同互补开环谐振器构成的缺陷单元获得三通带谐振特性,三个通带的中心频率仅由缺陷单元决定,尺寸小,结构紧凑,易于分析; 2. The invention only needs three defective units which are nested with different complementary open-loop resonators to obtain the resonance characteristics of the three-pass band, and the center frequencies of the three passbands are only determined by the defective unit, which is small in size, compact in structure, and easy to analyze;

3.本发明采用微带线转缝隙线的传输结构来进行共模信号的抑制,平衡式的微带馈线结构对称,对差模信号影响较小而对共模信号抑制明显,同时能够实现宽带共模抑制; 3. The invention adopts the transmission structure of microstrip line to slot line to suppress the common mode signal. The balanced microstrip feeder structure is symmetrical, which has little influence on the differential mode signal and obvious suppression on the common mode signal, and can realize broadband common mode at the same time. inhibition;

4.本发明由于差模部分和共模部分分开设计,能够保证调整差模传输频率时对共模抑制没有影响,简化了差分功分器的设计过程以及后期调试; 4. Since the differential mode part and the common mode part are designed separately in the present invention, it can ensure that the common mode suppression is not affected when the differential mode transmission frequency is adjusted, and the design process and later debugging of the differential power divider are simplified;

5.本发明每个互补开口谐振环左右两侧的走线可以设计为直线型或折线型,不同的走线形式可以实现谐振环之间不同的耦合大小,通过控制互补开口谐振环和缝隙线的耦合以及谐振环之间的耦合,实现三个通带带宽的准独立调谐,同时便于调节开口谐振环长度。 5. The wiring on the left and right sides of each complementary split resonant ring in the present invention can be designed as a straight line or broken line. Different routing forms can realize different coupling sizes between the resonant rings. By controlling the coupling of the complementary split resonant ring and the slot line As well as the coupling between the resonant rings, the quasi-independent tuning of the three passband bandwidths is realized, and the length of the split resonant ring is convenient to adjust at the same time.

附图说明 Description of drawings

图1为本发明的整体结构示意图; Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

图2为本发明上层微带介质基板上的元件构成示意图; Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the components on the upper microstrip dielectric substrate of the present invention;

图3为本发明下层微带介质基板上的元件构成示意图; Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the components on the lower microstrip dielectric substrate of the present invention;

图4为本发明实施例中差模响应S参数曲线和幅度差曲线图; Fig. 4 is differential mode response S parameter curve and amplitude difference curve diagram in the embodiment of the present invention;

图5为本发明实施例中差模响应隔离度曲线和相位差曲线图; Fig. 5 is a differential mode response isolation curve and a phase difference curve diagram in an embodiment of the present invention;

图6为本发明实施例中共模响应S参数曲线图; Fig. 6 is the S parameter curve diagram of the common mode response of the embodiment of the present invention;

图中,1-带介质基板,11-上层微带介质基板,12-下层微带介质基板; In the figure, 1 - dielectric substrate, 11 - upper microstrip dielectric substrate, 12 - lower microstrip dielectric substrate;

2-金属接地板; 2- metal ground plate;

3-微带馈线,31-侧U型差分输入端口,32-第一侧U型差分输出端口,33-第二侧U型差分输出端口; 3-microstrip feeder, 31-side U-shaped differential input port, 32-first side U-shaped differential output port, 33-second side U-shaped differential output port;

4-缺陷地结构,41-输入缝隙线,42-互补开口谐振环,43-输出缝隙线; 4-defect ground structure, 41-input slot line, 42-complementary split resonant ring, 43-output slot line;

5-隔离电阻。 5- Isolation resistance.

具体实施方式 detailed description

下面结合附图对本发明进行进一步的说明, Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described,

参照图1,本发明涉及一种小型化三通带差分功率分配器,包括微带介质基板1,金属接地板2,微带馈线3,缺陷地结构4,隔离电阻5,其中: Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention relates to a miniaturized three-way differential power divider, comprising a microstrip dielectric substrate 1, a metal ground plate 2, a microstrip feeder 3, a defective ground structure 4, and an isolation resistor 5, wherein:

微带介质基板1包括上层微带介质基板11和下层微带介质基板12,上层微带介质基板11和下层微带介质基板12均采用介电常数为2.2、厚度为0.787mm的覆铜介质基板,其尺寸为36mm×24mm。 The microstrip dielectric substrate 1 includes an upper microstrip dielectric substrate 11 and a lower microstrip dielectric substrate 12, both of which are copper-clad dielectric substrates with a dielectric constant of 2.2 and a thickness of 0.787 mm. , its size is 36mm×24mm.

参照图2,上层微带介质基板11的下表面有金属接地板2,上层微带介质基板11的上表面相对于纵轴对称性设置有侧U型差分输入端口31和第一侧U型差分输出端口32,下层微带介质基板下表面设置有第二侧U型差分输出端口33;侧U型差分输入端口31、第一侧U型差分输出端口32以及第二侧U型差分输出端口33共同组成微带馈线3。侧U型差分输入端口31、第一侧U型差分输出端口32以及第二侧U型差分输出端口33关于微带介质基板1的横向中心轴对称; 2, the lower surface of the upper microstrip dielectric substrate 11 has a metal ground plate 2, and the upper surface of the upper layer microstrip dielectric substrate 11 is symmetrically provided with a side U-shaped differential input port 31 and a first side U-shaped differential input port 31 with respect to the longitudinal axis. Output port 32, the lower surface of the lower microstrip medium substrate is provided with a second-side U-shaped differential output port 33; a side U-shaped differential input port 31, a first-side U-shaped differential output port 32, and a second-side U-shaped differential output port 33 Together they form the microstrip feeder 3 . The side U-shaped differential input port 31, the first side U-shaped differential output port 32, and the second side U-shaped differential output port 33 are symmetrical about the transverse central axis of the microstrip dielectric substrate 1;

在金属接地板2上蚀刻有缺陷地结构4;在第一侧U型差分输出端口32和第二侧U型差分输出端口33重合的部分开有三个非金属化过孔,在三个非金属化过孔中分别放入隔离电阻5,隔离电阻5的放置增大了差分输出端口32和差分输出端口33之间的隔离度。 The defective ground structure 4 is etched on the metal ground plate 2; three non-metallized via holes are opened in the overlapping part of the U-shaped differential output port 32 on the first side and the U-shaped differential output port 33 on the second side. Isolation resistors 5 are respectively placed in the via holes, and the placement of the isolation resistors 5 increases the isolation between the differential output port 32 and the differential output port 33.

侧U型差分输入端口31和第一侧U型差分输出端口32均由两段纵向平行的50欧姆微带线和中间的一段横向微带线相连构成;其中两段纵平行的50欧姆微带线作为U型的两边用来传输差分信号;中间的一段横向微带线作为U型的底边,用来给底部的缺陷地结构4馈电。参照图3,第二侧U型差分输出端口33由两段90度弯折的50欧姆微带线和中间的一段横向微带线相连构成;其中中间的一段微带线作为U型的底边,用来耦合缺陷地结构4中的差分信号,两段90度弯折的50欧姆微带线作为U型的两边用来输出差分信号,同时两段90度弯折的微带线改变了第二侧U型差分输出端口33的走向,便于焊接SMA接头,不会与第一侧U型差分输出端口32的SMA接头相互抵触;第二侧U型差分输出端口33中间的一段横向微带线处于第一侧U型差分输出端口32中间的一段横向微带线的正下方,两段横向微带线具有相同的结构尺寸。 The side U-shaped differential input port 31 and the first side U-shaped differential output port 32 are both composed of two longitudinally parallel 50-ohm microstrip lines connected with a middle section of transverse microstrip line; wherein two longitudinally parallel 50-ohm microstrip lines The two sides of the U-shape are used to transmit differential signals; a section of transverse microstrip line in the middle is used as the bottom of the U-shape to feed power to the defective ground structure 4 at the bottom. Referring to Fig. 3, the U-shaped differential output port 33 on the second side is composed of two sections of 50-ohm microstrip lines bent at 90 degrees and connected with a section of transverse microstrip line in the middle; the section of microstrip line in the middle is used as the bottom edge of the U-shape , used to couple the differential signal in the defective ground structure 4, two 90-degree bent 50-ohm microstrip lines are used as both sides of the U-shape to output differential signals, and at the same time, the two 90-degree bent microstrip lines change the first The direction of the U-shaped differential output port 33 on the two sides is convenient for welding SMA connectors, and will not interfere with the SMA connector of the U-shaped differential output port 32 on the first side; a section of transverse microstrip line in the middle of the U-shaped differential output port 33 on the second side Directly below a section of transverse microstrip line in the middle of the U-shaped differential output port 32 on the first side, the two sections of transverse microstrip line have the same structural size.

缺陷地结构4包括三个互补开口谐振环42,其中最外层的互补开口谐振环42开口向上,同时最外层的互补开口谐振环两侧对称连有输入缝隙线41和输出缝隙线43;位于中层的互补开口谐振环开口向下,最内层的互补开口谐振环开口向上。三个互补开口谐振环42开口方向互补且相互独立相对于金属接地板2的中心点呈周向包围状自内向外相互嵌套设置;输入缝隙线41与侧U型差分输入端口31的U型底边的横向微带线正交;输出缝隙线43与差分输出端口32的U型底边的横向微带线正交,同时输出缝隙线43与第二侧U型差分输出端口33的U型底边的横向微带线正交,见图2。 The defective ground structure 4 includes three complementary split resonant rings 42, wherein the outermost complementary split resonant ring 42 opens upward, and at the same time, both sides of the outermost complementary split resonant ring are symmetrically connected with an input slot line 41 and an output slot line 43; The opening of the complementary split resonant ring in the middle layer is downward, and the opening of the complementary split resonant ring in the innermost layer is upward. The opening directions of the three complementary split resonant rings 42 are complementary and mutually independent relative to the center point of the metal grounding plate 2 in a circumferentially enclosing shape nested with each other from the inside to the outside; the input slot line 41 is connected to the U-shaped The transverse microstrip line of the bottom edge is orthogonal; the output slot line 43 is orthogonal to the transverse microstrip line of the U-shaped bottom edge of the differential output port 32, and the output slot line 43 is perpendicular to the U-shaped line of the U-shaped differential output port 33 on the second side. The transverse microstrip lines at the bottom are orthogonal, see Figure 2.

差分信号通过侧U型差分输入端口31输入,侧U型差分输入端口31与输入缝隙线41的正交部分将能量耦合到三个互补开口谐振环42上,差分信号经过输出缝隙线43与第一侧U型差分输出端口32正交部分将能量耦合到第一侧U型差分输出端口32,同时差分信号经过输出缝隙线43与第二侧U型差分输出端口33正交部分将能量耦合到第二侧U型差分输出端口33;三个互补开口谐振环42能够实现对三通带中心频率和带宽的准独立控制,缺陷地结构能够保证差模信号传输,同时起到对共模信号干扰的抑制作用。 The differential signal is input through the side U-shaped differential input port 31, and the orthogonal part of the side U-shaped differential input port 31 and the input slot line 41 couples energy to three complementary split resonant rings 42, and the differential signal passes through the output slot line 43 and the second The orthogonal part of the U-shaped differential output port 32 on one side couples energy to the U-shaped differential output port 32 on the first side, while the differential signal passes through the output slot line 43 and the orthogonal part of the U-shaped differential output port 33 on the second side couples energy to U-shaped differential output port 33 on the second side; three complementary split resonant rings 42 can realize quasi-independent control of the center frequency and bandwidth of the three-way band, and the defective ground structure can ensure differential mode signal transmission and at the same time play a role in common mode signal interference inhibitory effect.

本发明的互补开口谐振环42均为半波长谐振器,通过改变每个互补开口谐振环的长度,实现三个通带的中心频率独立调节。改变每个互补开口谐振环42之间的间距可以实现三个通带带宽的准独立调节。 The complementary split resonators 42 of the present invention are all half-wavelength resonators, and the center frequencies of the three passbands can be independently adjusted by changing the length of each complementary split resonator. Changing the spacing between each complementary split resonant ring 42 can realize quasi-independent adjustment of the bandwidths of the three passbands.

本发明的效果可通过仿真和测试进一步说明: Effect of the present invention can be further illustrated by simulation and test:

在三维电磁仿真软件HFSS中对本发明的一种小型化三通带差分功率分配器进行仿真,利用矢量网络分析仪对本发明的一种小型化三通带差分功率分配器进行实物的测试,得到该差分功率分配器的差模响应S参数曲线和差模响应隔离度曲线分别如图4和图5所示,共模响应S参数曲线如图6所示。 In the three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation software HFSS, a kind of miniaturized three-way differential power divider of the present invention is simulated, and a kind of miniaturized three-way differential power divider of the present invention is tested by using a vector network analyzer, and the obtained The differential mode response S parameter curve and the differential mode response isolation curve of the differential power divider are shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 respectively, and the common mode response S parameter curve is shown in Figure 6.

从图4的差模响应S参数曲线和幅度差曲线可以看出,本发明三通带差分功率分配器的三个通带的中心频率分别为1.58GHz,2.5GHz和3.5GHz,插入损耗分别为3.47dB,3.3dB和3.9dB,3dB相对带宽分别为19.4%,12.2%和14.7%,三个通带内的回波损耗均可以达到13dB以上,输出端口32和输出端口33之间的幅度差小于0.5dB。从图5的差模响应隔离度曲线和相位差曲线可以看出,本发明三通带差分功率分配器的输出端口32和输出端口33之间的隔离度达到12dB以上,相位差小于2o。从图6的共模响应S参数曲线可以看出,本发明三通带差分功率分配器具有良好的宽带共模抑制特性,在整个频段内的共模抑制可以达到40dB以上,远远高于通信系统中所要求的20dB共模抑制要求。由图4-图6均可以看出仿真结果和测试结果吻合度良好。 As can be seen from the differential mode response S parameter curve and the amplitude difference curve of Fig. 4, the center frequencies of three passbands of the three-passband differential power divider of the present invention are respectively 1.58GHz, 2.5GHz and 3.5GHz, and the insertion losses are respectively 3.47dB, 3.3dB and 3.9dB, the 3dB relative bandwidth is 19.4%, 12.2% and 14.7% respectively, the return loss in the three passbands can reach more than 13dB, the amplitude difference between the output port 32 and the output port 33 Less than 0.5dB. From the differential mode response isolation curve and phase difference curve in Fig. 5, it can be seen that the isolation between the output port 32 and the output port 33 of the three-way differential power divider of the present invention reaches more than 12dB, and the phase difference is less than 2o. It can be seen from the common mode response S parameter curve of Fig. 6 that the three-way differential power divider of the present invention has good broadband common mode rejection characteristics, and the common mode rejection in the entire frequency band can reach more than 40dB, which is much higher than that of communication The required 20dB common mode rejection requirement in the system. It can be seen from Figures 4 to 6 that the simulation results are in good agreement with the test results.

综上所述,本发明公开的一种小型化三通带差分功率分配器,主要实现差分功率分配器的多频率工作问题,包括微带介质基板1,金属接地板2,微带馈线3,缺陷地结构4,隔离电阻5。其中,上层微带介质基板11上表面对称的设有两个结构相同的侧U型差分输入端口31和第一侧U型差分输出端口32,下层微带介质基板12下表面设有第二侧U型差分输出端口33,第二侧U型差分输出端口33处于差分输出端口32的正下方;上层微带介质基板11的下表面为金属接地板2,金属接地板2上面蚀刻缺陷地结构4,缺陷地结构4关于功率分配器的纵向中性轴左右对称,包括三个互补开口谐振环42和输入缝隙线41和输出缝隙线43;三个互补开口谐振环42相对于金属接地板的中心点呈包围状自内向外相互嵌套,输入输出缝隙线均为阶梯阻抗型,以减小缺陷地结构;在差分输出端口32和差分输出端口33重合部分处开有三个非金属化过孔,在三个非金属化过孔中分别放入三个隔离电阻以增大输出端口32和输出端口33之间的隔离度。 In summary, the present invention discloses a miniaturized three-way differential power divider, which mainly realizes the multi-frequency operation problem of the differential power divider, including a microstrip dielectric substrate 1, a metal ground plate 2, a microstrip feeder 3, Defective ground structure 4, isolation resistor 5. Among them, the upper surface of the upper microstrip dielectric substrate 11 is symmetrically provided with two side U-shaped differential input ports 31 and the first side U-shaped differential output port 32 with the same structure, and the lower surface of the lower layer microstrip dielectric substrate 12 is provided with a second side U-shaped differential input port 31. The U-shaped differential output port 33, the U-shaped differential output port 33 on the second side is directly below the differential output port 32; the lower surface of the upper microstrip dielectric substrate 11 is a metal ground plate 2, and a defective ground structure 4 is etched on the metal ground plate 2 , the defective ground structure 4 is left-right symmetrical about the longitudinal neutral axis of the power divider, including three complementary split resonant rings 42 and input slot lines 41 and output slot lines 43; the three complementary split resonant rings 42 are relative to the center of the metal ground plate The points are encircled and nested from the inside to the outside, and the input and output slot lines are all ladder impedance type to reduce the defect structure; there are three non-metallized via holes at the overlapping part of the differential output port 32 and the differential output port 33, Three isolation resistors are respectively placed in the three non-metallized via holes to increase the isolation between the output port 32 and the output port 33 .

本发明能够准独立控制三个差模通带的中心频率和带宽,通过控制每个互补开口谐振环42的长度,实现三个通带的中心频率独立控制;通过改变相邻两个互补开口谐振环42之间的间距,实现三个通带带宽的准独立调节;通过改变输入缝隙线41的宽度和输出缝隙线43的宽度,同时改变输入缝隙线41的长度和输出缝隙线43的长度,实现三个通带的带宽的调节。同时本发明能够实现差分功率分配器的小型化,具有良好的宽带共模抑制特性,可应用于无线通信系统射频前端电路中的多频率通信系统。 The present invention can quasi-independently control the center frequencies and bandwidths of the three differential mode passbands, by controlling the length of each complementary split resonant ring 42, the independent control of the center frequencies of the three passbands can be realized; by changing the two adjacent complementary split resonators The spacing between the rings 42 realizes the quasi-independent adjustment of the bandwidth of the three passbands; by changing the width of the input slot line 41 and the output slot line 43, and simultaneously changing the length of the input slot line 41 and the output slot line 43, The adjustment of the bandwidth of the three passbands is realized. At the same time, the invention can realize the miniaturization of the differential power divider, has good broadband common-mode suppression characteristics, and can be applied to the multi-frequency communication system in the radio frequency front-end circuit of the wireless communication system.

本发明的内容不限于实施例所列举,本领域普通技术人员通过阅读本发明说明书而对本发明技术方案采取的任何等效的变换,均为本发明的权利要求所涵盖。 The content of the present invention is not limited to the examples listed, and any equivalent transformation of the technical solution of the present invention adopted by those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the description of the present invention is covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1.小型化三通带差分功率分配器,其特征在于:包括微带介质基板(1)、金属接地板(2)、微带馈线(3)、缺陷地结构(4)和隔离电阻(5); 1. A miniaturized three-way differential power divider, characterized in that it includes a microstrip dielectric substrate (1), a metal ground plate (2), a microstrip feeder (3), a defective ground structure (4) and an isolation resistor (5 ); 所述的微带介质基板(1)包括上层微带介质基板(11)和下层微带介质基板(12);在上层微带介质基板(11)的下表面设有所述的金属接地板(2),在上层微带介质基板(11)的上表面和下层微带介质基板(12)的下表面均设置有微带馈线(3); The microstrip dielectric substrate (1) includes an upper microstrip dielectric substrate (11) and a lower microstrip dielectric substrate (12); the metal grounding plate ( 2), a microstrip feeder (3) is provided on the upper surface of the upper microstrip dielectric substrate (11) and the lower surface of the lower microstrip dielectric substrate (12); 所述的微带馈线(3)包括设置于上层微带介质基板(11)上表面的侧U型差分输入端口(31)、第一侧U型差分输出端口(32)和设置于下层微带介质基板(12)下表面的第二侧U型差分输出端口(33); The microstrip feeder (3) includes a side U-shaped differential input port (31) arranged on the upper surface of the upper layer microstrip dielectric substrate (11), a first side U-shaped differential output port (32) and a bottom U-shaped differential output port (32) arranged on the lower layer microstrip U-shaped differential output ports (33) on the second side of the lower surface of the dielectric substrate (12); 所述的侧U型差分输入端口(31)、第一侧U型差分输出端口(32)线路形状相同,侧U型差分输入端口(31)和第一侧U型差分输出端口(32)分别设置于上层微带介质基板(11)上表面两侧并关于微带介质基板(1)的纵向中心轴对称;所述的侧U型差分输入端口(31)、第一侧U型差分输出端口(32)和第二侧U型差分输出端口(33)均关于微带介质基板(1)的横向中心轴对称; The side U-shaped differential input port (31) and the first side U-shaped differential output port (32) have the same line shape, and the side U-shaped differential input port (31) and the first side U-shaped differential output port (32) are respectively Arranged on both sides of the upper surface of the upper microstrip dielectric substrate (11) and symmetrical to the longitudinal central axis of the microstrip dielectric substrate (1); the side U-shaped differential input port (31), the first side U-shaped differential output port (32) and the U-shaped differential output port (33) on the second side are both symmetrical about the transverse central axis of the microstrip dielectric substrate (1); 在金属接地板(2)上蚀刻有所述的缺陷地结构(4);缺陷地结构(4)包括多个互补开口谐振环(42),多个互补开口谐振环(42)相互独立,多个互补开口谐振环(42)相对于金属接地板(2)的中心点呈包围状自内向外相互嵌套设置,多个互补开口谐振环(42)的开口方向互补;最外层的互补开口谐振环(42)两侧对称连有输入缝隙线(41)和输出缝隙线(43);输入、输出缝隙线分别与侧U型差分输入端口(31)、第一侧U型差分输出端口(32)和第二侧U型差分输出端口(33)连接; The defective ground structure (4) is etched on the metal ground plate (2); the defective ground structure (4) includes a plurality of complementary split resonant rings (42), and the plurality of complementary split resonant rings (42) are independent of each other. The two complementary split resonant rings (42) are nested with each other from inside to outside relative to the center point of the metal ground plate (2), and the opening directions of the multiple complementary split resonant rings (42) are complementary; the outermost complementary opening Both sides of the resonant ring (42) are symmetrically connected with an input slot line (41) and an output slot line (43); the input and output slot lines are respectively connected to the side U-shaped differential input port (31) and the first side U-shaped differential output port ( 32) is connected to the U-shaped differential output port (33) on the second side; 在第一侧U型差分输出端口(32)和第二侧U型差分输出端口(33)的重合处分别开有多个非金属化过孔,多个非金属化过孔内均放入隔离电阻(5)。 A plurality of non-metallized via holes are respectively opened at the overlap of the U-shaped differential output port (32) on the first side and the U-shaped differential output port (33) on the second side, and isolation holes are placed in the multiple non-metallized via holes resistance (5). 2.根据权利要求1所述的小型化三通带差分功率分配器,其特征在于:所述的侧U型差分输入端口(31)、第一侧U型差分输出端口(32)均由两段纵向平行的50欧姆微带线和中间的一段横向微带线相连构成; 2. The miniaturized three-way differential power divider according to claim 1, characterized in that: the side U-shaped differential input port (31) and the first side U-shaped differential output port (32) are composed of two A vertically parallel 50-ohm microstrip line is connected to a transverse microstrip line in the middle; 所述的第二侧U型差分输出端口(33)由两段90度弯折的50欧姆微带线和中间的一段横向微带线相连构成; The U-shaped differential output port (33) on the second side is composed of two 50-ohm microstrip lines bent at 90 degrees and connected with a transverse microstrip line in the middle; 侧U型差分输入端口(31)、第一侧U型差分输出端口(32)和第二侧U型差分输出端口(33)中间的横向微带线具有相同的结构尺寸,输入缝隙线(41)和输出缝隙线(43)分别与差分输入端口(31)、第一侧U型差分输出端口(32)和第二侧U型差分输出端口(33)的横向微带线正交连接。 The horizontal microstrip lines between the side U-shaped differential input port (31), the first side U-shaped differential output port (32) and the second side U-shaped differential output port (33) have the same structural size, and the input slot line (41 ) and the output slot line (43) are respectively orthogonally connected to the transverse microstrip lines of the differential input port (31), the first-side U-shaped differential output port (32) and the second-side U-shaped differential output port (33). 3.根据权利要求1或2所述的小型化三通带差分功率分配器,其特征在于:所述的缺陷地结构(4)包括三个互补开口谐振环(42),最内层的互补开口谐振环(42)开口向上,位于中层的互补开口谐振环(42)开口向下,最外层的互补开口谐振环(42)开口向上。 3. The miniaturized three-way differential power divider according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the defective ground structure (4) includes three complementary split resonators (42), and the innermost complementary The split resonant ring (42) opens upward, the complementary split resonant ring (42) in the middle layer opens downward, and the complementary split resonant ring (42) in the outermost layer opens upward. 4.根据权利要求1或2所述的小型化三通带差分功率分配器,其特征在于:所述的缺陷地结构(4)包括三个互补开口谐振环(42),最内层的互补开口谐振环(42)开口向下,位于中层的互补开口谐振环(42)开口向上,最外层的互补开口谐振环(42)开口向下。 4. The miniaturized three-way differential power divider according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the defective ground structure (4) includes three complementary split resonators (42), and the innermost complementary The split resonant ring (42) opens downward, the complementary split resonant ring (42) in the middle layer opens upward, and the complementary split resonant ring (42) in the outermost layer opens downward. 5.根据权利要求3或4所述的小型化三通带差分功率分配器,其特征在于:所述的互补开口谐振环(42)为半波长谐振器。 5. The miniaturized three-way differential power divider according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: the complementary split resonator ring (42) is a half-wavelength resonator. 6.根据权利要求5所述的小型化三通带差分功率分配器,其特征在于:所述的输入缝隙线(41)与输出缝隙线(43)均为阶梯阻抗型缝隙线。 6. The miniaturized three-way differential power splitter according to claim 5, characterized in that: the input slot line (41) and the output slot line (43) are both stepped impedance type slot lines. 7.根据权利要求6所述的小型化三通带差分功率分配器,其特征在于:在三个互补开口谐振环(42)中,每个互补开口谐振环(42)的左右两侧走线根据与其他两个互补开口环(42)之间的耦合大小需要设计为直线型或折线型。 7. The miniaturized three-way differential power divider according to claim 6, characterized in that: among the three complementary split resonators (42), the left and right sides of each complementary split resonant ring (42) are routed According to the size of the coupling with the other two complementary split rings (42), it needs to be designed as a straight line or broken line. 8.根据权利要求1所述的小型化三通带差分功率分配器,其特征在于:差分信号通过侧U型差分输入端口(31)输入,侧U型差分输入端口(31)与输入缝隙线(41)的正交部分将能量耦合到三个互补开口谐振环(42)上,差分信号经过输出缝隙线(43)与第一侧U型差分输出端口(32)的正交部分将能量耦合到第一侧U型差分输出端口(32),差分信号经过输出缝隙线(43)与第二侧U型输出端口(33)的正交部分将能量耦合到第二侧U型输出端口(33)。 8. The miniaturized three-way differential power divider according to claim 1, characterized in that: the differential signal is input through the side U-shaped differential input port (31), and the side U-shaped differential input port (31) is connected to the input slot line The orthogonal part of (41) couples energy to three complementary split resonant rings (42), and the differential signal passes through the output slot line (43) and the orthogonal part of the U-shaped differential output port (32) on the first side couples energy To the U-shaped differential output port (32) on the first side, the differential signal passes through the orthogonal part of the output slot line (43) and the U-shaped output port (33) on the second side to couple energy to the U-shaped output port (33) on the second side ).
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