CN105977528A - Garnet-type li-ion conductive oxide and all-solid li-ion secondary battery - Google Patents

Garnet-type li-ion conductive oxide and all-solid li-ion secondary battery Download PDF

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CN105977528A
CN105977528A CN201610136569.XA CN201610136569A CN105977528A CN 105977528 A CN105977528 A CN 105977528A CN 201610136569 A CN201610136569 A CN 201610136569A CN 105977528 A CN105977528 A CN 105977528A
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slurry
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CN105977528B (en
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益子泰辅
田中祯
田中祯一
塚田岳夫
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TDK Corp
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/056Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
    • H01M10/0561Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of inorganic materials only
    • H01M10/0562Solid materials
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2300/00Electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0017Non-aqueous electrolytes
    • H01M2300/002Inorganic electrolyte
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2300/00Electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0085Immobilising or gelification of electrolyte
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

A garnet-type Li-ion conductive oxide containing LixLa3Zr2O12 (6<=x<=8) contains Al and element T (T is one or more from Ni, Cu, Co, and Fe). The garnet-type Li-ion conductive oxide is represented by the LixLa3Zr2O12 (6<=x<=8); the content of Al is contained, in terms of Al2O3, 2.5 mol %<=Al2O3<=15 mol % with respect to a total amount of LixLa3Zr2O12 contained in the garnet-type Li-ion conductive oxide. The content of element T is 25 mol %<=T<=100 mol % with respect to the total amount of LixLa3Zr2O12 contained in the garnet-type Li-ion conductive oxide.

Description

Carbuncle type lithium-ion-conducting oxide and all solid state type lithium rechargeable battery
Technical field
The present invention relates to carbuncle type lithium-ion-conducting oxide and all solid state type lithium ion secondary Battery.
Background technology
Compared with the lithium rechargeable battery using nonaqueous electrolytic solution, all solid state type lithium ion secondary Battery is owing to using solid electrolyte, and therefore, heat stability is high.Wherein, consolidating of system is aoxidized Body electrolyte has feature the most stable in chemical.As the master required by solid electrolyte The characteristic wanted, can enumerate that lithium ion conductivity is higher, chemical stability is excellent, electrochemical window is big. Li as carbuncle type lithium-ion-conducting oxide7La3Zr2O12(following, to be abbreviated as LLZ) There is in such characteristic the advantage that chemical stability is excellent, electrochemical window is big, therefore, be solid One of candidate being expected to of body electrolyte (referring for example to non-patent literature 1).
Prior art literature
Patent documentation
Patent documentation 1: No. 5132639 publications of Japanese Patent No.
Non-patent literature
Non-patent literature 1:Angew.Chem.Int.Ed., 2007, volume 46,7778-7781
Summary of the invention
Invent technical problem to be solved
In order to this carbuncle type lithium-ion-conducting oxide is used as solid electrolyte, from machine The aspect of tool intensity is set out and is also required to improve further sintered density.
Patent Document 1 discloses by as carbuncle type lithium-ion-conducting oxide Containing Al in LLZ, thus improve the manufacture method of the ceramic sintered bodies of ionic conductance.But It is to can not get high sintered density.
The present invention is the technical problem having in view of above-mentioned prior art and completes, and its purpose exists In, it is provided that it is a kind of that to have high sintering in the LLZ containing Al with good ionic conductance close The carbuncle type lithium-ion-conducting oxide of degree, and a kind of this carbuncle type lithium of use is provided Ion-conductive oxide is as all solid state lithium ion secondary cell of solid electrolyte.
For solving the scheme of problem
In order to reach above-mentioned purpose, the present inventor etc. finds, by containing in the LLZ containing Al Appropriate amount selected from NiO, CuO, CoO4/3、FeO3/2In more than one oxide, from And the carbuncle type lithium-ion-conducting oxide with high sintered densities can be obtained, and the completeest Become the present invention.
That is, carbuncle type lithium-ion-conducting oxide involved in the present invention, with LixLa3Zr2O12 (6≤x≤8) represent, it is characterised in that containing Al, also have element T (T be Ni, More than any one of Cu, Co, Fe), aoxidize relative to above-mentioned carbuncle type lithium-ion-conducting The total amount of thing, containing with Al2O3It is scaled 2.5mol%≤Al2O3The amount of≤15mol% above-mentioned Al, relative to the total amount of above-mentioned carbuncle type lithium-ion-conducting oxide, containing 25mol%≤ The above-mentioned element T of the amount of T≤100mol%.
It addition, carbuncle type lithium-ion-conducting oxide involved in the present invention, with LixLa3Zr2O12(6≤x≤8) represent, it is characterised in that wherein, containing Al2O3And M (M For selected from NiO, CuO, CoO4/3、FeO3/2In more than one oxide), Al2O3And The content of M is:
2.5mol%≤Al2O3≤ 15mol%,
25mol%≤M≤100mol%.
The carbuncle type lithium-ion-conducting oxide of the invention described above has than existing containing Al's The higher sintered density of LLZ.The present inventor etc. consider that the main cause obtaining this effect is as follows. Think by adding selected from NiO, CuO, CoO in the LLZ containing Al4/3、FeO3/2In More than one oxide, thus sintered density improves.
It addition, as the solid electrolyte of all solid state type lithium rechargeable battery, be preferably used State carbuncle type lithium-ion-conducting oxide.Thus, it is possible to provide discharge capacity high entirely consolidating State lithium rechargeable battery.
Invention effect
According to the present invention it is possible to provide a kind of have good ionic conductance containing Al's LLZ has the carbuncle type lithium-ion-conducting oxide of high sintered densities, and provides one Plant by using this carbuncle type lithium-ion-conducting oxide as solid electrolyte thus to have The all solid state lithium ion secondary cell of excellent battery behavior.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is to represent the stone obtained in comparative example 1, comparative example 2, embodiment 1~embodiment 4 The figure of the relative density of garnet type lithium-ion-conducting oxide;
Fig. 2 is to represent the stone obtained in comparative example 1, comparative example 2, embodiment 1~embodiment 4 The figure of the ionic conductance comprising crystal boundary of garnet type lithium-ion-conducting oxide;
Fig. 3 is to represent comparative example 3, comparative example 4, embodiment 3, embodiment 5~embodiment 7 In the figure of the relative density of carbuncle type lithium-ion-conducting oxide that obtains;
Fig. 4 is to represent comparative example 3, comparative example 4, embodiment 3, embodiment 5~embodiment 7 In the ionic conductance comprising crystal boundary of carbuncle type lithium-ion-conducting oxide that obtains Figure;
Fig. 5 is the sectional view of the conceptual structure representing lithium rechargeable battery.
Symbol description
1 positive pole
2 negative poles
3 solid electrolytes
4 positive electrode collectors
5 positive active materials
6 negative electrode collectors
7 negative electrode active materials
8 lithium rechargeable batteries
Detailed description of the invention
The carbuncle type lithium-ion-conducting oxide of present embodiment is with LixLa3Zr2O12(6≤x ≤ 8) represent, it is characterised in that: containing Al and element T, (T is Ni, Cu, Co, Fe's More than any one),
Relative to the total amount of above-mentioned carbuncle type lithium-ion-conducting oxide, containing with Al2O3 It is scaled 2.5mol%≤Al2O3The above-mentioned Al of the amount of≤15mol%,
Relative to the total amount of above-mentioned carbuncle type lithium-ion-conducting oxide, containing 25mol%≤ The above-mentioned element T of the amount of T≤100mol%.
The carbuncle type lithium-ion-conducting oxide of present embodiment has than existing containing Al's The higher sintered density of LLZ.It is thought that the effect of element T.Therefore, no matter element T Valence mumber state, can be oxide, it is also possible to be other compound.
Additionally, identifying with LixLa3Zr2O12The carbuncle type lithium ion that (6≤x≤8) represent In conductive oxide, can be carried out by powder X-ray diffraction.It addition, provided of course that mirror Determine LixLa3Zr2O12So-called LLZ, therefore, it can not be stoichiometric composition Material.I.e. can also produce the defect of oxygen defect etc..
The element T added in this carbuncle type lithium-ion-conducting oxide can be by with height Frequently inductance coupling plasma emissioning spectral analysis (ICP) carrys out quantitative carbuncle type lithium ion conduction The powder of property oxide.
With LixLa3Zr2O12The carbuncle type lithium-ion-conducting oxidation that (6≤x≤8) represent In thing, containing Al2O3And M (M is selected from NiO, CuO, CoO4/3、FeO3/2In one Plant above oxide), Al2O3And the content of M is:
2.5mol%≤Al2O3≤ 15mol%,
25mol%≤M≤100mol%.
Preferably Al2O3Content be in 2.5mol%≤Al2O3The relation of≤15mol%.This be by In so obtaining good lithium ion conductivity.If Al2O3Content less than 2.5mol During %, then easily generate the tetragonal phase of the low LLZ of lithium-ion-conducting, if it addition, Al2O3 Content more than 15mol%, then easily generate the LaAlO that lithium-ion-conducting is relatively low3, therefore, Lithium ion conductivity reduces.
M is selected from NiO, CuO, CoO4/3、FeO3/2In more than one oxide.
The content of M is in the relation of 25mol%≤M≤100mol%.Thus, available height Sintered density (relative density more than 90%).If the content of M is less than 25mol%, then see not To the improvement effect of sufficient density, on the other hand, if it exceeds 100mol%, then ion passes Conductance reduces.
Additionally, the qualification of LLZ and Al, M quantitatively as identification method during above-mentioned element T.
It addition, M exists with the state of oxide preferably as described above, it is preferably in LLZ Between the particle surface of grain or granule.By there is the change of microgranule as M in such crystal boundary Compound, thus fill LLZ void among particles, improve sintered density further.Now, M Preferably exist with amorphous.Now, if for amorphous by can not get and M phase with X-ray diffraction The peak value closed differentiates.
According to present embodiment, by using above-mentioned carbuncle type lithium-ion-conducting oxide, Such that it is able to form all solid state type lithium ion secondary electricity with the high solid electrolyte of sintered density Pond.
It follows that the manufacturer of the carbuncle type lithium-ion-conducting oxide to present embodiment Method illustrates.The system of the carbuncle type lithium-ion-conducting oxide involved by present embodiment The method of making can be by being blended with Li compound, La compound, Zr compound, Al2O3With (M is selected from NiO, CuO, CoO to M4/3、FeO3/2In more than one oxide) Mixing raw material carries out burning till obtaining.
As above-mentioned Li compound, such as, can enumerate: LiOH or its hydrate, Li2CO3、 LiNO3、CH3COOLi etc..As above-mentioned La compound, can enumerate: La2O3、La(OH)3、 La2(CO3)3、La(NO3)3、(CH3COO)3La etc..As above-mentioned Zr compound, Ke Yilie Lift: ZrO2、ZrO(NO3)2、ZrO(CH3COO)2、Zr(OH)2CO3Deng.
(manufacture method)
For present embodiment carbuncle type lithium-ion-conducting oxide manufacture method one Individual example illustrates.The manufacture method of this oxide includes: (1) interpolation lithium compound etc. are former Material and Al2O3Carry out the operation of co-grinding, (2) obtain calcined powder with the calcining heat of regulation Calcination process, (3) add as element T or M that (M is selected from NiO, CuO, CoO4/3、 FeO3/2In more than one oxide) material carry out the operation of co-grinding, (4) molding The operation of powder, (5) carry out the operation burnt till, and below, illustrate each operation successively.
(1) raw material and the Al such as lithium compound are added2O3Carry out the operation of co-grinding
Adding raw material and the Al such as lithium compound2O3Carry out in the operation mixed, weigh respectively and comprise Chemical formula LiXLa3Zr2O12The initial feed of each element of (in formula, X is 6≤X≤8) is to become The stoichiometric proportion of above-mentioned chemical formula also mixes.It addition, now, by making A12O3Phase For chemical formula LiXLa3Zr2O12(in formula, X is 6≤X≤8) is calculated as 2.5mol with mol% In the scope of more than % and below 15mol%, such that it is able to obtain the garnet that ionic conductance is high Type lithium-ion-conducting oxide.In mixed method, can be added without in solvent under dry type Carry out co-grinding, it is also possible to add and solvent carries out co-grinding under wet type, but from carrying High blended aspect is set out, and is preferably added in solvent carry out the co-grinding of wet type.This mixing Method can use such as planetary ball mill, grater, ball mill etc..As solvent, preferably Not readily dissolve Li, the most more preferably the organic solvent such as ethanol.Incorporation time is according to combined amount Fixed, such as 1h~32h can be set to.
(2) calcination process of calcined powder is obtained with the calcining heat of regulation
In calcination process, calcine the mixed-powder obtained in the operation of mixing raw material.Now Calcining heat is preferably set to cause the state of initial feed to change and (such as produces gas or phase change Deng) temperature less than temperature when burning till.Such as, Li is being used2CO3As initially In the case of raw material, it is preferably set to the temperature of this carbonate decomposition less than temperature when burning till Degree.So, in burning till later, the gas in thermal decomposition can be suppressed to produce cause close Degree reduces.Specifically, calcining heat is preferably set to 800 DEG C~1000 DEG C.
(3) add that (M is selected from NiO, CuO, CoO as element T or M4/3、FeO3/2 In more than one oxide) material and carry out the operation of co-grinding
Add as element T or M that (M is selected from NiO, CuO, CoO4/3、FeO3/2In More than one oxide) material and carry out the operation of co-grinding, to forging with regulation Burn temperature and obtain in the powder obtained in the calcination process of calcined powder, add the expectation of ormal weight Selected from NiO, CuO, CoO4/3、FeO3/2In more than one oxide thus mix Close and pulverize.The method of co-grinding can use such as planetary ball mill, grater, ball mill Deng.As solvent, being preferably difficult to dissolve the solvent of Li, more preferably such as ethanol etc. are organic Solvent.Depending on the co-grinding time is according to combined amount, such as 1h~32h can be set to.
(4) operation of powder for molding
In the operation of powder for molding, by the operation adding the second accessory ingredient and carrying out co-grinding The powder compacting obtained.Molded body can pass through cold isostatic compaction (CIP) or high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) becomes Type (HIP), mould molding, hot pressing etc. are shaped to arbitrary shape.Pass through it addition, also can enumerate Employ the forming method etc. that the thin slice technique of scraper or roll coater etc. is carried out.
(5) operation burnt till is carried out
In carrying out the operation burnt till, the molded body obtained in the operation of powder for molding is burnt Become.Thus, it is possible to obtain the carbuncle type lithium-ion-conducting oxide of present embodiment.
Firing atmosphere can also be implemented in air atmosphere, but more preferably implements in reducing atmosphere. This is owing to, in air atmosphere, the density of sintered body uprises, but ionic conductance reduces.This Be due to, in air atmosphere, Ni and LLZ reacts, and it is low to be attended by ionic conductance in a large number The generation of out-phase.As long as firing temperature aoxidizes at the carbuncle type lithium-ion-conducting of target More than the amorphizing temperature of thing, in the range of the most more preferably 1050 DEG C~1150 DEG C. If this is because, less than 1050 DEG C, then can not obtain densely sintered body, if it exceeds 1150 DEG C, then confirm volatilization or the out-phase (La of Li2Zr2O7) generation, ionic conductance reduce. It addition, be more preferably to carry out in the range of 2 hours~20 hours at firing time.
(all solid state type lithium secondary battery)
The all solid lithium secondary battery of present embodiment is as it is shown in figure 5, by positive pole 1, negative pole 2 Constituting with solid electrolyte 3, solid electrolyte 3 is characterised by, with LixLa3Zr2O12(6 ≤ x≤8) in the carbuncle type lithium-ion-conducting oxide that represents, containing Al2O3And M (M For selected from NiO, CuO, CoO4/3、FeO3/2In more than one oxide), and Al2O3 And the content of M with:
2.5mol%≤Al2O3≤ 15mol%,
25mol%≤M≤100mol%
Represent, by being set to all solid state type lithium secondary battery of this structure, become than existing more Practical secondary cell.
The positive pole of all solid state type lithium rechargeable battery of present embodiment and negative pole are respectively by positive pole Active substance 5, positive electrode collector 4 and negative electrode active material 7 and negative electrode active material 6 are constituted.
The currently known positive active material for lithium secondary battery and negative electrode active can be contained Material, and manufactured by common method.
(positive active material)
As positive active material, it is not particularly limited, it is possible to use currently known for entirely The positive active material of solid state battery.As the object lesson of such positive active material, can To enumerate: manganese dioxide (MnO2), ferrum oxide, copper oxide, nickel oxide, lithium manganese composite oxygen Compound (such as, LixMn2O4Or LixMnO2), lithium nickel composite oxide (such as, LixNiO2)、 Lithium cobalt composite oxide (such as, LixCoO2), lithium/nickel/cobalt composite oxide (such as, LiNi1-yCoyO2), lithium manganese cobalt composite oxide (such as, LiMnyCo1-yO2), spinel-type Li-mn-ni compound oxide (such as, LixMn2-yNiyO4), there is the lithium phosphate of olivine structural Compound (such as, LixFePO4、LixFe1-yMnyPO4、LixCoPO4、LiVOPO4), tool There is lithium phosphate compound (such as, the Li of NASICON structurexV2(PO4)3、Li2VOP2O7、 Li2VP2O7、Li4(VO)(PO4)2, and Li9V3(P2O7)3(PO4)2), iron sulfate (Fe2(SO4)3)、 Barium oxide (such as, V2O5) etc..They can also be used alone one, it is also possible to and use Two or more.Additionally, in these chemical formulas, x, y are preferably the model of 1 < x < 5,0 < y < 1 Enclose.Wherein, preferably LiCoO2、LiNiO2、LixV2(PO4)3、LiFePO4
(negative electrode active material)
As negative electrode active material, it is not particularly limited, it is possible to use currently known for entirely The negative electrode active material of solid state battery.Such as can enumerate: carbon, lithium metal (Li), metallization Compound, metal-oxide, Li metallic compound, Li metal-oxide (comprise lithium-transition metal Composite oxides), add boron carbon, graphite, there is the compound etc. of NASICON structure.These Can be used alone one, it is also possible to and with two or more.Such as using above-mentioned lithium metal (Li) In the case of, the capacity of all-solid-state battery can be expanded.As above-mentioned carbon, such as, can enumerate Such as: the currently known material with carbon elements such as graphitic carbon, hard carbon, soft carbon.As above-mentioned metal compound Thing, can enumerate: LiAl, LiZn, Li3Bi、Li3Sd、Li4Si、Li4.4Sn、Li0.17C(LiC6) Deng.As above-mentioned metal-oxide, can enumerate: SnO, SnO2、GeO、GeO2、In2O、 In2O3、Ag2O、AgO、Ag2O3、Sb2O3、Sb2O4、Sb2O5、SiO、ZnO、CoO、 NiO、TiO2, FeO etc..As Li metallic compound, can enumerate: Li3FeN2、Li2.6Co0.4N、 Li2.6Cu0.4N etc..As Li metal-oxide (lithium-compound transition metal oxide), Ke Yiju Go out with Li4Ti5O12The lithium-titanium composite oxide etc. represented.Add boron carbon as above-mentioned, can enumerate: Add boron carbon, add boron graphite etc..
(collector body)
The material of the collector body constituting all solid state type lithium rechargeable battery of present embodiment is preferred Use the bigger material of conductivity, be such as preferably used silver, palladium, gold, platinum, aluminum, copper, The material of nickel etc..Particularly copper, it is difficult to react with titanium phosphate aluminum lithium, and is reducing lithium ion There is on the internal resistance of secondary cell effect, therefore preferably.The material constituting collector body can be just Pole is identical with negative pole, it is also possible to different.
It addition, the positive electrode collector layer of the lithium rechargeable battery of present embodiment and negative pole current collection Body layer contains positive active material and negative electrode active material the most respectively.
Positive active material and negative pole is contained respectively by positive electrode collector layer and negative electrode collector layer Active substance, thus positive electrode collector layer and positive electrode active material layer and negative electrode collector layer are with negative The adaptation of pole active material layer improves, therefore preferably.
(manufacture method of lithium rechargeable battery)
The lithium rechargeable battery of present embodiment manufactures by the following method, i.e. by positive pole collection Electrics layer, positive electrode active material layer, solid electrolyte layer, negative electrode active material layer and negative pole collection Each material paste of electrics layer, and coating is dry thus makes green chip, by thin for these green compact Sheet lamination, burns till the laminated body of making simultaneously.
Slurried method is not particularly limited, such as, can mix above-mentioned each material in medium Powder and obtain slurry.Here, medium is the general name of the medium in liquid phase.Medium contains Solvent, binding agent.With it, make the slurry of positive electrode collector layer, positive-active The slurry of material layer, the slurry of solid electrolyte layer, the slurry of negative electrode active material layer And the slurry of negative electrode collector layer.
By the slurry sequential application desirably that will make on the base materials such as PET, according to need After being dried, peeling base, make green chip.The coating process of slurry is the most especially Limit, can use silk screen printing, be coated with, transfer, the known method such as scraper.
The green chip order desirably, the lamination number that make is overlapping, carry out as required Arrangement, cut-out etc., make lamination block.Situation at the battery making parallel connection type or Serial-Parallel Type Under, in the way of the end face of anode layer and the end face of negative electrode layer are inconsistent, preferably carry out arrangement overlapping.
When making lamination block, it is also possible to prepare the active substance unit of following description, make folded Layer block.
In the method, first, solid electrolyte slurry is passed through doctor blade method shape by PET film Flakiness shape, after obtaining solid electrolyte flake, on this solid electrolyte flake, by silk Wire mark is stenciled brush positive electrode active material layer slurry and is dried.Then, silk screen is passed through thereon Printing printing positive electrode collector layer slurry is also dried.The most thereon by silk screen printing the most again Printing anode active material slurry, and be dried, then by peeling off PET film, obtain Positive electrode active material layer unit.So, obtain sequentially forming positive pole on solid electrolyte flake Active material layer slurry, positive electrode collector layer slurry, the positive-active of anode active material slurry Material layer unit.Also by same order, make negative electrode active material layer unit, obtain Sequentially form on solid electrolyte flake negative electrode active material layer slurry, negative electrode collector layer slurry, The negative electrode active material layer unit of negative electrode active material slurry.
By solid to clip to a piece of positive electrode active material layer unit and a piece of negative electrode active material layer unit The mode of body electrolyte sheet is overlapping.Now, with first positive electrode active material layer unit just Electrode current collector layer slurry only stretches out at an end face, and second negative electrode active material layer unit The mode that negative electrode collector layer slurry only stretches out at another side, stagger overlap by each unit.Make On the two sides of the unit of this overlap, the solid electrolyte flake of the most overlapping specific thickness is folded Layer block.
The lamination block strong binding in the lump that will make.Strong binding is carried out while heating, adds Hot temperature is set to such as 40~95 DEG C.
The lamination block of strong binding is heated under such as reducing atmosphere 600 DEG C~1200 DEG C also Burn till.Firing time is set to such as 0.1~3 hour.Being burnt till by this, laminated body completes.
Embodiment
Further illustrate present disclosure with reference to embodiment and comparative example, but the present invention does not limits Due to below example.
[embodiment 1~embodiment 4, comparative example 1~comparative example 2]
Initial feed employs Li compound (Li2CO3), La compound (La2O3), Zrization Compound (ZrO2)、Al2O3、NiO.First, weigh initial feed to become to mol ratio Li:La:Zr=7:3:2, and weigh Al by following table 12O3.Then, ball milling is utilized in ethanol Machine (rotating speed 120rpm/ zirconia ball) carries out co-grinding 16 hours.By the slurry that obtains from After ball and ethanol separate, in oxidation aluminum cup at 900 DEG C, air atmosphere is carried out Calcine 5 hours.Li with the main constituent relative to the calcined powder obtained7La3Zr2O12Become The mode of 50mol% weighs NiO, and these powder are utilized ball mill (120rpm/ in ethanol Zirconia ball) carry out co-grinding 16 hours.The slurry obtained is separated from ball and ethanol After drying, comminuted powder is obtained.Then, these comminuted powders are added organic system binding agent, Make granule.The mould that this granule uses φ 10mm is shaped to discoid with 7kN.Molding Body in platinum sheet with the sintering temperature (5%H under reducing atmosphere of 1100 DEG C2/ 95%N2) carry out Burn till two hours, obtain discoid sintered body sample.
(table 1)
[embodiment 5~embodiment 7, comparative example 3~comparative example 4]
Initial feed employs Li compound (Li2CO3), La compound (La2O3), Zrization Compound (ZrO2)、Al2O3、NiO.First, weigh initial feed to become to mol ratio Li:La:Zr=7:3:2, and weigh Al2O3To becoming 10mol%.Then, ball milling is used in ethanol Machine (rotating speed 120rpm/ zirconia ball) carries out co-grinding 16 hours.By the slurry that obtains with After ball and separation of ethanol, oxidation aluminum cup in 900 DEG C, forge in air atmosphere Burn 5 hours.Li relative to the main constituent of the calcined powder obtained7La3Zr2O12, by following table 2 weigh NiO, are carried out with ball mill (120rpm/ zirconia ball) in ethanol by these powder Co-grinding 16 hours.The slurry obtained is separated after drying from ball and ethanol, obtains powder Comminuted powder.Then, these comminuted powders are added organic system binding agent and make granule.Should Grain uses the mould of φ 10mm to be shaped to discoid with 7kN.Molded body in platinum sheet with 1100 DEG C sintering temperature (5%H under reducing atmosphere2/ 95%N2) carry out burning till two hours, justified The sintered body sample of plate-like.
(table 2)
[embodiment 8]
Initial feed employs Li compound (Li2CO3), La compound (La2O3), Zrization Compound (ZrO2)、Al2O3、CoO4/3.First, weigh initial feed to become to mol ratio Li:La:Zr=7:3:2, and weigh Al2O3To becoming 10mol%, (turn with ball mill in ethanol Speed 120rpm/ zirconia ball) carry out co-grinding 16 hours.By the slurry that obtains from ball and second After alcohol separates, in oxidation aluminum cup with 900 DEG C, carry out calcining 5 under air atmosphere Hour.Weigh CoO4/3Li to the main constituent relative to obtained calcined powder7La3Zr2O12 Become 50mol%, these powder are entered with ball mill (120rpm/ zirconia ball) in ethanol Row co-grinding 16 hours.The slurry obtained is separated after drying from ball and ethanol, obtains Comminuted powder.Then, these comminuted powders added organic system binding agent and make granule.Will This granule uses the mould of φ 10mm to be shaped to discoid with 7kN.Molded body in platinum sheet with The sintering temperature of 1100 DEG C (5%H under reducing atmosphere2/ 95%N2) carry out burning till two hours, To discoid sintered body sample.
[embodiment 9]
Initial feed employs Li compound (Li2CO3), La compound (La2O3), Zrization Compound (ZrO2)、Al2O3、CuO.First, weigh initial feed to become to mol ratio Li:La:Zr=7:3:2, and weigh Al2O3To becoming 10mol%, ball mill is utilized (to turn in ethanol Speed 120rpm/ zirconia ball) carry out co-grinding 16 hours.By the slurry that obtains from ball and second After alcohol separates, in oxidation aluminum cup with 900 DEG C, carry out calcining 5 under air atmosphere Hour.Weigh CuO to the Li of main constituent relative to obtained calcined powder7La3Zr2O12 Become 50mol%, these powder are entered with ball mill (120rpm/ zirconia ball) in ethanol Row co-grinding 16 hours.The slurry obtained is separated after drying from ball and ethanol, obtains Comminuted powder.Then these comminuted powders are added organic system binding agent, make granule.Will This granule uses the mould of φ 10mm to be shaped to discoid with 7kN.Molded body in platinum sheet with The sintering temperature of 1100 DEG C (5%H under reducing atmosphere2/ 95%N2) carry out burning till two hours, To discoid sintered body sample.
[embodiment 10]
Initial feed employs Li compound (Li2CO3), La compound (La2O3), Zrization Compound (ZrO2)、Al2O3、FeO3/2.First, weigh initial feed to become to mol ratio Li:La:Zr=7:3:2, and weigh Al2O3To becoming 10mol%, (turn with ball mill in ethanol Speed 120rpm/ zirconia ball) carry out co-grinding 16 hours.By the slurry that obtains from ball and second After alcohol separates, in oxidation aluminum cup with 900 DEG C, carry out calcining 5 under air atmosphere Hour.Weigh FeO3/2Li to the main constituent relative to obtained calcined powder7La3Zr2O12 Become 50mol%, these powder are entered with ball mill (120rpm/ zirconia ball) in ethanol Row co-grinding 16 hours.The slurry obtained is separated after drying from ball and ethanol, obtains Comminuted powder.Then, these comminuted powders are added organic system binding agent, make granule.Will This granule uses the mould of φ 10mm to be shaped to discoid with 7kN.Molded body in platinum sheet with The sintering temperature of 1100 DEG C (5%H under reducing atmosphere2/ 95%N2) carry out burning till two hours, To discoid sintered body sample.
[embodiment 11]
Initial feed employs Li compound (Li2CO3), La compound (La2O3), Zrization Compound (ZrO2), Al compound (Al2O3)、NiO、CoO4/3.First, weighing is the most former Expect to mol ratio to become Li:La:Zr=7:3:2, and weigh Al2O3To becoming 10mol%, in second Alcohol utilize ball mill (rotating speed 120rpm/ zirconia ball) carry out co-grinding 16 hours.Will After the slurry obtained separates from ball and ethanol, with 900 DEG C, air in oxidation aluminum cup Atmosphere is calcined 5 hours.Li relative to the main constituent of obtained calcined powder7La3Zr2O12, NiO is to becoming 25mol% in weighing, and weighs CoO4/3To becoming 25mol%, by these powder End carries out co-grinding 16 hours with ball mill (120rpm/ zirconia ball) in ethanol. The slurry that obtains is dried with ball and separation of ethanol, obtain comminuted powder.Then, relative to These comminuted powders add organic system binding agent, make granule.This granule is used φ 10mm's Mould is shaped to discoid with 7kN.Molded body in platinum sheet with the sintering temperature of 1100 DEG C also (5%H under Primordial Qi atmosphere2/ 95%N2) carry out burning till two hours, obtain discoid sintered body sample.
[embodiment 12]
Initial feed employs Li compound (Li2CO3), La compound (La2O3), Zrization Compound (ZrO2)、Al2O3、CuO、FeO3/2.First, weigh initial feed to become to mol ratio For Li:La:Zr=7:3:2, and weigh Al2O3To becoming 10mol%, use ball mill in ethanol (rotating speed 120rpm/ zirconia ball) carries out co-grinding 16 hours.By the slurry that obtains from ball With in ethanol separate after, oxidation aluminum cup in 900 DEG C, in air atmosphere under forge Burn 5 hours.Li relative to the main constituent of obtained calcined powder7La3Zr2O12, weigh CuO is to becoming 25mol%, and weighs FeO3/2To becoming 25mol%, by these powder in second Alcohol carries out co-grinding 16 hours with ball mill (120rpm/ zirconia ball).To obtain Slurry separate from ball and ethanol after drying, obtain comminuted powder.Then, relative to these Comminuted powder adds organic system binding agent, makes granule.This granule is used the mould of φ 10mm It is shaped to discoid with 7kN.Molded body in platinum sheet with the sintering temperature of 1100 DEG C in reducing gases (5%H under atmosphere2/ 95%N2) carry out burning till two hours, obtain discoid sintered body sample.
[embodiment 13]
Initial feed employs Li compound (Li2CO3), La compound (La2O3), Zrization Compound (ZrO2)、Al2O3、NiO、CoO4/3、CuO.First, initial feed is weighed to rubbing You become Li:La:Zr=7:3:2 by ratio, and weigh Al2O3To becoming 10mol%, use in ethanol Ball mill (rotating speed 120rpm/ zirconia ball) carries out co-grinding 16 hours.The slurry that will obtain After material separates from ball and ethanol, in oxidation aluminum cup with 900 DEG C, enter under air atmosphere Row calcining 5 hours.Li relative to the main constituent of obtained calcined powder7La3Zr2O12, claim NiO is to becoming 20mol% for amount, weighs CoO4/3To becoming 10mol%, weigh CuO to becoming For 20mol%, these powder are carried out with ball mill (120rpm/ zirconia ball) in ethanol Co-grinding 16 hours.The slurry obtained is separated after drying from ball and ethanol, obtains powder Comminuted powder.Then, these comminuted powders are added organic system binding agent, make granule.Should Granule uses the mould of φ 10mm to be shaped to discoid with 7kN.Molded body in platinum sheet with 1100 DEG C sintering temperature (5%H under reducing atmosphere2/ 95%N2) carry out burning till two hours, justified The sintered body sample of plate-like.
[embodiment 14]
Initial feed employs Li compound (Li2CO3), La compound (La2O3), Zrization Compound (ZrO2)、Al2O3、NiO、CoO4/3、CuO、FeO3/2.First, weighing is the most former Expect to mol ratio to become Li:La:Zr=7:3:2, and weigh Al2O3To becoming 10mol%, in second Alcohol carries out co-grinding 16 hours with ball mill (rotating speed 120rpm/ zirconia ball).Will To slurry separate from ball and ethanol after, oxidation aluminum cup in 900 DEG C, air gas Atmosphere is carried out calcine 5 hours.Main constituent relative to obtained calcined powder Li7La3Zr2O12, NiO is to becoming 20mol% in weighing, weighs CoO4/3To becoming 10mol%, CuO is to becoming 10mol% in weighing, weighs FeO3/2To becoming 10mol%, by these powder Co-grinding is carried out 16 hours in ethanol with ball mill (120rpm/ zirconia ball).Will The slurry obtained separates after drying from ball and ethanol, obtains comminuted powder.Then, to these Comminuted powder adds organic system binding agent, makes granule.This granule is used the mould of φ 10mm It is shaped to discoid with 7kN.Molded body in platinum sheet with the sintering temperature of 1100 DEG C in reducing gases (5%H under atmosphere2/ 95%N2) carry out burning till two hours, obtain discoid sintered body sample.
About the relative density of the sintered body sample obtained in embodiment 8~14 with comprise crystal boundary Ionic conductance is shown in table 3.
(table 3)
In the above embodiments and comparative example, form the most various evaluation of physical property and be carried out as follows.
[estimation of sintered density]
The sintering of the carbuncle type lithium-ion-conducting oxide forming above-mentioned discoid sintered body is close Degree is calculated by following method, i.e. utilize slide gauge, micrometer to measure this discoid sintering After the volume of body, by the dry weight of this discoid sintered body divided by this volume.It addition, according to Its sintered density and solid density calculate relative density.Additionally, above-mentioned theory density uses Li7La3Zr2O12Solid density (5.1g/cm3).It addition, in the present embodiment, by relative density Be more than 90% sample be judged as high-quality product.
[estimation of ionic conductance]
In temperature chamber, use AC electric impedance analyzer (Solartron society system 1260), will measure Temperature is set to 25 DEG C, and mensuration frequency is set to 0.05Hz~1MHz, and amplitude voltage is set to 50mV, Measure impedance and phase angle.Nyquist diagram is described based on these measured values, and according to it Circular arc tries to achieve resistance value, calculates ionic conductance according to this resistance value.Utilize AC impedance analysis Blocking electrode when instrument measures uses Au electrode.Au electrode passes through sputtering method with φ 3mm round shape Formed.It addition, in the present embodiment, be 5.0 × 10 by the ionic conductance comprising crystal boundary-5(Scm-1) Above sample is judged as high-quality product.
[chemical composition analysis]
The sintered body sample that will obtain in embodiment 1~embodiment 14, comparative example 1~comparative example 4 Dissolving, and carry out ICP composition analysis, results verification arrives, and has generally remained sample introduction composition.
As shown in table 1, Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, with chemical formula Li7La3Zr2O12The garnet represented In type lithium-ion-conducting oxide, Al2O3Content be in 2.5mol%≤Al2O3≤15mol Embodiment 1~the embodiment 4 of the scope of % can obtain the sintering higher than comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 Density, therefore, can confirm that relative density becomes more than 90%.It addition, can confirm that and comprise The ionic conductance of crystal boundary is also 5.0 × 10-5(Scm-1More than).
As shown in table 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, with chemical formula Li7La3Zr2O12The garnet represented In type lithium-ion-conducting oxide, (M is selected from NiO, CuO, CoO to M4/3、FeO3/2 In more than one oxide) content be in the scope of 25mol%≤M≤100mol% It is close that embodiment 3 and embodiment 5~embodiment 7 obtain the sintering higher than comparative example 3 and comparative example 4 Degree, therefore, can confirm that relative density becomes more than 90%.It addition, can confirm that and comprise crystalline substance The ionic conductance on boundary is 5.0 × 10-5(Scm-1More than).
As shown in table 3, with chemical formula Li7La3Zr2O12The carbuncle type lithium ion conduction represented In property oxide, (M is selected from NiO, CuO, CoO to M4/3、FeO3/2In more than one Oxide) content be in the embodiment 8 of scope of 25mol%≤M≤100mol%~real Execute example 14 and can get high sintered density, therefore, can confirm that relative density becomes more than 90%. It addition, can confirm that the ionic conductance comprising crystal boundary is also 5.0 × 10-5(Scm-1More than).
[embodiment 15]
Hereinafter, represent the embodiment of all solid lithium secondary battery, but the present invention is not limited to these Embodiment.Additionally, as long as no explanation, " part " is " mass parts ".
(positive active material and the making of negative electrode active material)
As positive active material and negative electrode active material, employ and make by the following method Li3V2(PO4)3.As this manufacture method, with Li2CO3、V2O5、NH4H2PO4For initial material Material, utilizes ball mill to carry out 16 hours wet mixed, after carrying out dehydrate, the powder that will obtain Body is calcined two hours in nitrogen hydrogen mixeding gas with 850 DEG C.Calcining product ball mill is carried out wet type After pulverizing, carry out dehydrate, obtain powder.X-ray diffraction device is used to confirm this system The structure of the powder body made is Li3V2(PO4)3
(anode active material slurry and the making of negative electrode active material slurry)
Anode active material slurry and negative electrode active material slurry are all by 100 parts Li3V2(PO4)3Add 15 parts of ethyl celluloses as binding agent in powder, 65 parts as solvent Dihydroterpineol, thus carry out mixing dispersion, make active material slurry.
(making of solid electrolyte flake)
As solid electrolyte, initial feed uses Li compound (Li2CO3), La compound (La2O3), Zr compound (ZrO2)、Al2O3, weigh initial feed respectively and become to mol ratio For Li:La:Zr=7:3:2, weigh Al2O3To becoming 10mol%.Then, ball is used in ethanol Grinding machine (rotating speed 120rpm/ zirconia ball) carries out co-grinding 16 hours.The slurry that will obtain From ball and ethanol separate after, oxidation aluminum cup in 900 DEG C, enter in air atmosphere Row calcining 5 hours, obtains calcined powder.
Then, relative to the Li of main constituent of this calcined powder7La3Zr2O12, weigh NiO to becoming For 50mol%, add the ethanol 100 parts as solvent, toluene 200 parts and utilize ball mill to enter Row wet mixed is pulverized.Then, polyvinyl butyral resin system binding agent 16 parts is put into further With BBP(Butyl Benzyl Phthalate 4.8 parts, and mix, prepare solid electrolyte slurry.
(making of solid electrolyte flake)
For base material, this solid electrolyte slurry is carried out thin slice one-tenth with PET film by doctor blade method Type, obtains the solid electrolyte flake of thickness 15 μm.
(making of collector body slurry)
Ni and Li that will use as collector body3V2(PO4)3Mixing is to becoming in terms of volume ratio After 80/20, add the ethyl cellulose as binding agent and the dihydroterpineol as solvent is carried out Mixing dispersion, makes collector body slurry.The mean diameter of Ni is 0.9 μm.
(making of terminal electrode slurry)
By silver powder and epoxy resin, solvent mixing dispersion, make the terminal electricity of thermohardening type Pole slurry.
These slurries are used to make lithium rechargeable battery by the following method.
(making of positive electrode active material layer unit)
Above-mentioned solid electrolyte flake is lived with thickness 5 μm printing positive pole by silk screen printing Property material layer slurry, and with 80 DEG C be dried 10 minutes.It follows that pass through screen printing on this layer Brush and print positive electrode collector layer slurry with thickness 5 μm, be dried 10 minutes with 80 DEG C.Thereon Anode active material slurry is again printed with thickness 5 μm further by silk screen printing, and 80 It is dried at DEG C 10 minutes, then, peels off PET film.So, obtain at solid electrolyte thin On sheet, printing has been dried positive electrode active material layer slurry, positive electrode collector layer slurry, just successively The thin slice of the positive electrode active material layer unit of pole active material slurry.
(making of negative electrode active material layer unit)
Above-mentioned solid electrolyte flake is lived with thickness 5 μm printing negative pole by silk screen printing Property compound paste, and with 80 DEG C be dried 10 minutes.It follows that thereon by silk screen printing with Thickness 5 μm printing negative electrode collector layer slurry, and be dried 10 minutes at 80 DEG C.Further Negative electrode active material slurry is again printed with thickness 5 μm thereon by silk screen printing, and with 80 DEG C be dried 10 minutes, it follows that peel off PET film.So, obtain at solid electrolyte thin On sheet, printing is dry successively negative electrode active material slurry, negative electrode collector layer slurry, negative pole The thin slice of the negative electrode active material layer unit of active material slurry.
(making of laminated body)
By solid to clip to a piece of positive electrode active material layer unit and a piece of negative electrode active material layer unit The mode of body electrolyte sheet is overlapping.Now, with first positive electrode active material layer unit just Electrode current collector layer slurry only stretches out in an end face, and second negative electrode active material layer unit Negative electrode collector layer slurry only stretches out in the mode of another side, and stagger overlap by each unit.At this On the two sides of overlapping unit in the way of becoming thickness 500 μm overlap solid electrolyte flake, Then, by this thin slice by hot strong binding molding after, cut off, make lamination block.So After, burn till lamination block simultaneously, obtain laminated body.Burn till in nitrogen with programming rate 200 simultaneously DEG C/h it is warmed up to firing temperature 1100 DEG C, keeps two hours at such a temperature, carry out after burning till Natural cooling.
(terminal electrode formation process)
The end face of lamination block is coated with terminal electrode slurry, carries out 150 DEG C, the heat of 30 minutes Solidification, forms pair of terminal electrode, obtains lithium rechargeable battery.
(evaluation of battery)
The terminal electrode of the lithium rechargeable battery obtained is installed lead-in wire, carries out discharge and recharge examination Test.Condition determination is set to, and electric current during charging and discharging is all set to 2.0 μ A, during charging and electric discharge Time blanking voltage be set to 4.0V and 0V.Result understands this battery and carries out charge and discharge well Electricity, even if it addition, as battery behavior, in the situation of the solid electrolyte using comparative example 1 Discharge capacity is also 0.4 μ A, but when being 2.5 μ A, just has the best battery behavior.
Industrial applicability
As it has been described above, according to this manufacture method, the carbuncle type lithium that sintered density is high can be made Ion-conductive oxide, and may be used for the solid in all solid state type lithium rechargeable battery Electrolyte.

Claims (3)

1. a carbuncle type lithium-ion-conducting oxide, it is characterised in that
This carbuncle type lithium-ion-conducting oxide is with LixLa3Zr2O12Represent, wherein, 6≤x ≤ 8,
Containing Al,
There is element T further, wherein T be Ni, Cu, Co, Fe any one more than,
Relative to the total amount of described carbuncle type lithium-ion-conducting oxide, containing with Al2O3 It is scaled 2.5mol%≤Al2O3The described Al of the amount of≤15mol%,
Relative to the total amount of described carbuncle type lithium-ion-conducting oxide, containing 25mol%≤ The described element T of the amount of T≤100mol%.
2. a carbuncle type lithium-ion-conducting oxide, it is characterised in that
With LixLa3Zr2O12Represent, wherein contain Al2O3And M, wherein,
6≤x≤8,
M is selected from NiO, CuO, CoO4/3、FeO3/2In more than one oxide,
And Al2O3And the content of M is:
2.5mol%≤Al2O3≤ 15mol%,
25mol%≤M≤100mol%.
3. an all solid state type lithium rechargeable battery, wherein,
Using the carbuncle type lithium-ion-conducting oxide described in claim 1 or 2 as solid Electrolyte.
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