CN105974407A - Ground penetrating radar underground horizon detection method - Google Patents
Ground penetrating radar underground horizon detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105974407A CN105974407A CN201610458163.3A CN201610458163A CN105974407A CN 105974407 A CN105974407 A CN 105974407A CN 201610458163 A CN201610458163 A CN 201610458163A CN 105974407 A CN105974407 A CN 105974407A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/885—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for ground probing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/12—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with electromagnetic waves
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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Abstract
he invention relates to a ground penetrating radar underground horizon detection method. The method comprises steps that S1, a ground penetrating radar echo signal is inputted; S2, an initial reference track and an initial search point are determined through the echo signal, a search track is determined, a relevant threshold Tc and a distance threshold D are determined, and sizes of a reference window and a search window are determined; S3, a cross-correlation value r(m) of a signal in the reference race reference window and a signal in a next signal search track window is calculated; S4, a search track horizon, a next reference track and a next signal search track are determined according to the calculation result and the set thresholds Tc and D; and S5, horizon detection is carried out through iteration of the steps S3-S4. According to the method, on the basis of correlation and continuity among ground penetrating radar signals, rapid effective extraction of the underground horizon information of the ground penetrating radar signals is realized, and great importance to ground penetrating radar data interpretation and geological analysis in engineering applications is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to radar system, further to a kind of GPR subterranean layer position detecting method.
Background technology
The geologic interpretation of Ground-penetrating-radar Data is the purpose that GPR is measured, and this work is typically
After data process in the radar data section of gained, according to waveform and the strength characteristic of echo, pass through
The tracking of lineups, determines the geological meaning of Gpr Signal, explains that acquisition is whole according to profile
Survey district's end result figure.As long as there is electrical property difference in underground medium, it is possible to cut open at radar image
Finding corresponding echo in face, therefore, ground is extracted exactly in the basis of GPR geologic interpretation
Lower reflecting layer.
Identify same stratum echo is masked as same phasic property, similarity etc., and personnel are usual in past explanation
Use artificial method extract layer position, need to find seriality and the similarity feature of local in data,
To identify lineups to be extracted.This method for tracing is suitable for the Coherent Noise in GPR Record of any complexity,
Its major advantage is the experience having given full play to data interpretation personnel, when signal to noise ratio is relatively low,
The shortcoming that can overcome unartificial method, is disadvantageous in that explanation speed is slow, the essence of Event tracking
Spend the highest, there is faint jump etc..
The most the most frequently used and reliable layer position detecting method is layer position correlation detection.Due to each layer in underground
Thickness and the feature such as dielectric constant generally change slowly, and sampling interval between the road of ground penetrating radar system
General the closeest (< 20cm), the reflected signal at the most same layering interfaces is at neighboring track GPR number
Close according to features such as interior position, shapes, i.e. there is stronger dependency.If at single track GPR
Signal intercepts the cross-talk signal containing echo, then can visit ground by computing cross-correlation together lower
Radar signal finds the position of the same layer reflected signal matched with it.If x represents GPR number
According to road sequence number, k represents the sampled point sequence number in single track Gpr Signal, the then coherent detection of layer position
The algorithm steps of method can be summarized as follows:
(1) with xth road for start reference road, have backscattered signal near one search starting point of setting,
And centered by it, take a length of LrReference window, with peak point in window (x, k) centered by redefine ginseng
Examine window, obtain the reference template subsignal for relevant matches computing;
(2) in (x+1)th road with (x+1, k) centered by, intercepted length is LSSearch window subsignal;
(3) calculate cross-correlation r (m) of search window subsignal and reference template subsignal, find out cross-correlation
Subscript r that maximum is correspondingmThe reflected signal being in reference window is corresponding position in search window
Side-play amount, then understood position, reflecting layer in detection road by geometrical relationship and should be
(4) being new library track with this detection road, position, reflecting layer is that iteration is continued in new search starting point
Above step complete layer position is detected.
Existing layer position correlation detection can obtain for continuous and high s/n ratio Gpr Signal
To good Detection results.But, in practical engineering application, the method two open defects of existence:
(1) actual underground hierarchy is not totally continuous, and layer position correlation detection
This assumes that reflecting layer is continuous print, the most once run into layer position and interrupt or abnormal, algorithm can't
Stop immediately, and be to continue with continuing detection according to false layer position, easily cause testing result and deviate in fact
Position, border.
(2) when underground exist two or more layer of distance of positions close time, layer position correlation detection
Adjacent layer position may be mistakenly considered institute's detection layers position.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of GPR subterranean layer position detecting method,
Solve the problem that at least one prior art above-mentioned exists.
For achieving the above object, the present invention provides a kind of GPR subterranean layer position detecting method, including
Following steps:
S1: the echo-signal of input GPR;
S2: determine start reference road, initiating searches point from echo-signal, determine search road, determine
Dependent thresholds TcWith distance threshold D, and determine reference windows size, search box size;
S3: calculate signal and the cross correlation value of signal in next signal search road window in library track reference window
r(m);
S4: according to threshold value T of result of calculation Yu settingcSearch channel layer position, next reference is judged with D
Road and next signal search road;
S5: iterative step S3-S4 carries out the detection of layer position.
A specific embodiments according to the present invention, the echo-signal of described step S1 comprise passage,
Amplitude, sample rate, mid frequency and bandwidth.
A specific embodiments according to the present invention, described step S2 includes sub-step:
S21: determine start reference road x, initiating searches point (x, P from echo-signalx), x value is being returned
In the pass limits of ripple signal;Wherein, PxVertical coordinate for sampled point, i.e. echo signal data.
S22: determining search road y, value, in the pass limits of echo-signal, determines dependent thresholds
TcWith distance threshold D;
S23: with Searching point (x, PxCentered by), calculate reference windows size, obtain length LrReference
Template subsignal;
S24: with (y, PyCentered by), calculate search box size, obtain length LSReference template
Signal.
A specific embodiments according to the present invention, described step S3 includes counting cross correlation value
The sub-step calculated:
Wherein, x is library track signal, and y is search road signal, and N is channel length.
A specific embodiments according to the present invention, described step S4 includes sub-step:
S41: find out cross-correlation maximum M according to cross correlation value r (m)c;
S42: compare cross-correlation maximum McWith dependent thresholds TcSize;
S43: if Mc≥Tc, then compare | Py-Px| with the size of distance threshold D:
S431: if | Py-Px|≤D, by PyAs the layer position of search road y, and it is next reference with y
Road, with (y, Py) it is that new Searching point continues detection;
S432: if | Py-Px| > D, finds search road y middle-range PxNearest extreme point MyAs search
The layer position of road y, but still be next library track with x, (x, Px) it is that Searching point continues detection;
If Mc< Tc, find search road y middle-range PxNearest extreme point MyLayer as search road y
Position, but still be next library track with x, (x, Px) it is that Searching point continues detection.
A specific embodiments according to the present invention, described dependent thresholds TcValue be:
Wherein, x is library track signal, and N is channel length.
A specific embodiments according to the present invention, the value of described distance threshold D is 20~50 points.
A specific embodiments according to the present invention, the most also has step S6: to layer
After position is detected, output layer position information.
By technique scheme, the beneficial effects of the present invention is:
(1) fracture of subterranean layer position can be prevented effectively from by the inventive method or Gpr Signal is different
The often impact on layer position testing result.Choosing rational dependent thresholds can be to every testing result together
It is any limitation as, when there is fracture or exception in subterranean layer position, reference template subsignal and search window letter
Number cross-correlation maximum is less than dependent thresholds, then think this search road and library track similarity and continuously
Property poor, using away from being nearest extreme point with reference to channel layer as search channel layer position and before still using
Library track and search starting point proceed detection.This avoid the fracture of subterranean layer position or abnormal signal
Impact on testing result, it is possible to obtain subterranean layer position information more accurately;
(2) when underground structure existing two or more apart from close layer position, the present invention
Method can effectively prevent the impact on testing result of the adjacent layer position.If search road is estimated layer position and is searched
Distance between rope point is beyond the distance threshold chosen, then it is assumed that this is estimated layer position and there is flase drop to phase
The risk of adjacent bed position, equally using away from being nearest extreme point as search channel layer position with reference to channel layer and still
Library track before so using and search starting point proceed detection, it is ensured that during whole detection
Testing result will not be affected by adjacent layer position;
(3) the present invention is directed to the dependency between Gpr Signal and seriality, it is achieved that to visiting ground
In radar signal, subterranean layer position information the most effectively extracts, for Coherent Noise in GPR Record in engineer applied
Explanation significant with geological analysis.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the present invention one specific embodiment GPR subterranean layer position detecting method.
Fig. 2 is the ground penetrating radar echo signals schematic diagram after processing in the present invention one specific embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the present invention one specific embodiment initiating searches road signal schematic representation.
Fig. 4 is the present invention one specific embodiment layer position testing result figure.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with concrete real
Execute example, and referring to the drawings, the present invention is described in further detail.Following referring to the drawings to this
The explanation of bright embodiment is intended to explain the present general inventive concept of the present invention, and is not to be understood that
For a kind of restriction to the present invention.
According to present invention inventive concept generally, it is provided that a kind of GPR subterranean layer position detecting method,
Comprise the following steps:
S1: the echo-signal of input GPR;
S2: determine start reference road, initiating searches point from echo-signal, determine search road, determine
Dependent thresholds TcWith distance threshold D, and determine reference windows size, search box size;
S3: calculate signal and the cross correlation value of signal in next signal search road window in library track reference window
r(m);
S4: judge search channel layer position, next reference according to threshold value Tc and the D of result of calculation with setting
Road and next signal search road;
S5: iterative step S3-S4 carries out the detection of layer position.
By selecting rational threshold value and again judging every time, this avoid the fracture of subterranean layer position or letter
Number exception impact on testing result, it is possible to obtain subterranean layer position information more accurately.
In step S1, the information comprised in the echo-signal of GPR has passage, amplitude, sampling
Frequency, mid frequency and bandwidth etc., can be that follow-up step provides start reference road, initiating searches
Point.
In step S2, library track x is typically from the beginning of first, if meeting dependent thresholds during calculating
TcWith the requirement of distance threshold D, then search road is new library track, if be unsatisfactory for, then still protects
Hold former library track.Road y is typically from the beginning of second in search, calculates successively, until last one.
Preferably step S2 includes sub-step S21: determine from echo-signal start reference road x,
Beginning Searching point (x, Px), x value in the pass limits of echo-signal, PxFor sampled point;S22: really
Surely search road y, value, in the pass limits of echo-signal, determines dependent thresholds TcAnd distance threshold
D;S23: with Searching point (x, PxCentered by), calculate reference windows size, obtain length LrReference
Template subsignal;S24: with (y, PyCentered by), calculate search box size, obtain length LSGinseng
Examine template subsignal.
In step S3, the calculating of cross correlation value is carried out the most in such a way:
Cross correlation value carries out the sub-step calculated:
Wherein, x is library track signal, and y is search road signal, and N is channel length.
In step S4, it is judged that mode preferably includes:
S41: find out cross-correlation maximum M according to cross correlation value r (m)c;
S42: compare cross-correlation maximum McWith dependent thresholds TcSize;
S43: if Mc≥Tc, then compare | Py-Px| with the size of distance threshold D:
S431: if | Py-Px|≤D, by PyAs the layer position of search road y, and it is next reference with y
Road, with (y, Py) it is that new Searching point continues detection;
S432: if | Py-Px| > D, finds search road y middle-range PxNearest extreme point MyAs search
The layer position of road y, but still be next library track with x, (x, Px) it is that Searching point continues detection;
If Mc< Tc, find search road y middle-range PxNearest extreme point MyLayer as search road y
Position, but still be next library track with x, (x, Px) it is that Searching point continues detection.
In step S5, the per pass signal of GPR is preferably detected by iterative detection one by one.
Can include after this step exporting each layer position information, draw layer position testing result figure.
See Fig. 1, be below a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is provided that a kind of GPR subterranean layer
Position detecting method, including step:
(1) with xth road for start reference road, with (x, Px) it is initiating searches point, determine relevant threshold
Value TcWith distance threshold D;
(2) with initiating searches point (x, PxCentered by), obtain a length of LrReference template subsignal;
(3) with y road for search road, with (y, PxCentered by), obtain a length of LSSearch window
Signal;
(4) according to the algorithm disclosed in above example, search window subsignal and reference template are calculated
Cross-correlation coefficient r (m) of subsignal, finds out cross-correlation maximum McCorresponding subscript RmIt is ginseng
Examine the corresponding position offset in search window of the reflected signal in window, obtain search for road estimate layer position should
For (y, Py), wherein,
(5) cross-correlation maximum M is comparedcWith dependent thresholds TcSize;
(6) if Mc< Tc, find search road y middle-range PxNearest extreme point MyAs search road y
Layer position, but still with x as library track, (x, Px) it is that Searching point continues detection;
(7) if Mc≥Tc, then compare | Py-Px| with the size of distance threshold D;
(8) if | Py-Px|≤D, by PyAs the layer position of search road y, and it is new library track with y,
With (y, Py) it is that new Searching point continues detection;
(9) if | Py-Px| > D, finds search road y middle-range PxNearest extreme point MyAs search road
The layer position of y, but still with x as library track, (x, Px) it is that Searching point continues detection;
(10) iteration above step complete layer position detection.
The method illustrated by above institute specific embodiment, carries out the inspection of layer position to ground penetrating radar echo signals
Survey:
(1) treated ground penetrating radar echo signals is inputted, as in figure 2 it is shown, comprise 2000 altogether
Road signal, sample rate is 51.2GHz, mid frequency 1GHz, bandwidth 1GHz;
(2) with first signal for start reference road, as it is shown on figure 3, with the 405th and the 523rd
Point is respectively the initiating searches point of ground floor and the second layer, dependent thresholds Tc=107, distance threshold D=10.
Reference template subsignal and search window subsignal length are 40;
(3) press aforesaid operations step by road detect after, the subterranean layer position obtained is as shown in Figure 4.From
It will be seen that the method obtains two-layer subterranean layer position information the most clearly in figure, respond well.
Particular embodiments described above, is carried out the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect
Further describe it should be understood that the foregoing is only the specific embodiment of the present invention,
Be not limited to the present invention, all within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any amendment of being made,
Equivalent, improvement etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a GPR subterranean layer position detecting method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
S1: the echo-signal of input GPR;
S2: determine start reference road, initiating searches point from echo-signal, determine search road, determine
Dependent thresholds TcWith distance threshold D, and determine reference windows size, search box size;
S3: calculate signal and the cross correlation value of signal in next signal search road window in library track reference window
r(m);
S4: according to threshold value T of result of calculation Yu settingcSearch channel layer position, next reference is judged with D
Road and next signal search road;
S5: iterative step S3-S4 carries out the detection of layer position.
GPR subterranean layer position detecting method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The echo-signal of described step S1 comprises passage, amplitude, sample rate, mid frequency and bandwidth.
GPR subterranean layer position detecting method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Described step S2 includes sub-step:
S21: determine start reference road x, initiating searches point (x, P from echo-signalx), x value is being returned
In the pass limits of ripple signal, PxFor sampled point;
S22: determining search road y, value, in the pass limits of echo-signal, determines dependent thresholds
TcWith distance threshold D;
S23: with Searching point (x, PxCentered by), calculate reference windows size, obtain length LrReference
Template subsignal;
S24: with (y, PyCentered by), calculate search box size, obtain length LSReference template
Signal.
GPR subterranean layer position detecting method the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that
Described step S3 includes the sub-step calculating cross correlation value:
Wherein, x is library track signal, and y is search road signal, and N is channel length.
GPR subterranean layer position detecting method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Described step S4 includes sub-step:
S41: find out cross-correlation maximum M according to cross correlation value r (m)c;
S42: compare cross-correlation maximum McWith dependent thresholds TcSize;
S43: if Mc≥Tc, then compare | Py-Px| with the size of distance threshold D:
S431: if | Py-Px|≤D, by PyAs the layer position of search road y, and with y
For next library track, with (y, Py) it is that new Searching point continues detection;
S432: if | Py-Px| > D, finds search road y middle-range PxNearest extreme point My
As the layer position of search road y, but still it is next library track with x, (x, Px) it is that Searching point continues detection;
If Mc< Tc, find search road y middle-range PxNearest extreme point MyAs search road y
Layer position, but still be next library track with x, (x, Px) it is that Searching point continues detection.
GPR subterranean layer position the most according to claim 1 detection method, it is characterised in that
Described dependent thresholds TcValue be:
Wherein, x is library track signal, and N is channel length.
GPR subterranean layer position the most according to claim 1 detection method, it is characterised in that
The value of described distance threshold D is 20~50 points.
GPR subterranean layer position detecting method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The most also there is step S6: after layer position is detected, output layer position information.
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CN111562620A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-08-21 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所 | Automatic horizon tracking method and system for ground penetrating radar |
CN111562620B (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2022-11-29 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所 | Automatic horizon tracking method and system for ground penetrating radar |
CN111929646A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-11-13 | 中国地质大学(北京) | Beam scanning ground penetrating radar system and intelligent beam scanning detection method |
CN112014816A (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2020-12-01 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Double-pass travel time calculation method based on improved horizon tracking algorithm |
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