CN105974057A - Experiment apparatus used for researching technology for preventing and controlling nutrition salt release of deposits, and method thereof - Google Patents
Experiment apparatus used for researching technology for preventing and controlling nutrition salt release of deposits, and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an experiment apparatus used for researching a technology for preventing and controlling the nutrition salt release of deposits. The experiment apparatus comprises: a prevention and control experiment container, wherein the sidewall of the prevention and control experiment container is provided with a sealable and closeable channel opening; a separation sheet being suitable for being inserted from the channel opening and being applied to the inner wall of the prevention and control experiment container; and a lifting mechanism arranged on the sidewall of the prevention and control experiment container and being suitable for driving the separation plate to rise to the top of the prevention and control experiment container. The experiment apparatus used for researching a technology for preventing and controlling the nutrition salt release of deposits can strictly simulate field environment conditions in order to solve the technical problem of lack of experiment apparatuses and methods used effectively simulating the prevention and control of modification materials on the nutrition salt release of the deposits in the prior art and to obtain the a complete modification material and deposits after the prevention and control experiment, and is good for researching the prevention and control process and mechanism of various modification materials on deposits, and the change conditions of the modification material and deposits after the experiment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to pollution ecology reparation and pollutant cut control technical field, be specifically related to a kind of experimental provision for the resistance control technical research of deposit Nutrient release.
Background technology
Lake, the eutrophication of reservoir are that lake-reservoir pollution administers the difficult problem faced, and aquatic ecosystem can be caused the biggest destruction, bring a series of environmental problem by the eutrophication of water body.The high one of the main reasons being to cause storehouse, lake eutrophication of nutrient concentrations.Being analyzed from source, the nutritive salt in the water body of storehouse, lake is mainly derived from the deposit in river, basin, atmospheric sedimentation and storehouse, lake.Wherein, the release of deposit nutritive salt has the biggest impact to the level of storehouse, lake nutritive salt, is the important sources of storehouse, a lot of lake nutrient salt in water.The most how Depth Study deposit nutritive salt hinders control technology, researches and develops resistance control material, and storehouse, lake deposit Nutrient release level is controlled in resistance, is an emphasis of this area concern.
Hindering control technology and resistance control material to study the release of deposit nutritive salt, this area worker has carried out substantial amounts of simulation experiment at laboratory.For the sediment-water body interface nutritive salt diffusion modeling experiments of storehouse, lake, the difficult problem that presently, there are is when discharging overlying water and being then sampled deposit, owing to deposit has certain mobility, it is easy to interfere between the deposit of different depth, thus reduces the accuracy of experiment.And at present, one of means of resistance control deposit Nutrient release are to cover one layer of resistance control material in deposit surface, such as Vermiculitum, resistance control material granule thing, aluminium oxide or sponge iron particle etc., the adsorption of resistance control material is utilized to stop nutritive salt to discharge in water body.But the Nutrient release of deposit is hindered control mechanism and Nutrient release process unclear for additional resistance control material by present stage this area, rarely has report especially for adding the research of the physical and chemical properties change of the deposit before and after resistance control material.When carrying out laboratory simulation experiment, for testing compared to storehouse, lake sediment-water body interface nutritive salt Migration Simulation, the deposit simulation experiment of additional resistance control material is more complicated.Reason is, for the releasing mechanism of nutritive salt at unblocking control material and Sediment Interface, also needs in an experiment separate the interface of the two.But, the most after the test resistance control material and deposit are typically only possible by when separating the mode of naked eyes identification, manual separation, and the sediment sample that obtains in this way is the most disturbed, and the interface of resistance control material and deposit is destroyed, it is difficult to hindered control interface really.
Therefore, on the premise of reducing disturbance, how to realize the layering of deposit different depth and deposit and the separation of resistance control material, this is this area urgent problem, solves this problem and has important practical significance for the research of storehouse, lake eutrophication control technology and material.
Summary of the invention
What the present invention solved is, and deposit analogue experiment installation of the prior art exists is difficult in the case of not producing disturbance to be layered the deposit of different depth and hinder control material and Sediment Interface is difficult to the technical problem that separates, and then provides and a kind of can not destroy sample, obtain the experimental provision of genuine interface.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
The experimental provision of technical research is controlled for the resistance of deposit Nutrient release, including:
The first experiment container that top end opening is arranged, is used for placing solid particle layer and overlying water；A part for described first experiment container sidewall is set to portable plate, and described portable plate is suitable for being unfolded into access portal；
Be provided with isolating membrane in the inner side of described portable plate, described isolating membrane covers the inwall setting that described first experiment container is positioned at around described access portal, by internal with described first experiment container for described access portal isolation；
Separating sheet, is used in isolating membrane described in described access portal transverse cuts, fully-inserted described first experiment container and takes the cross section of described first experiment container；
Lifting mechanism, when in fully-inserted described first experiment container of described separating sheet, described lifting mechanism is suitable to the top driving described separating sheet vertically to rise to described first experiment container.
It is additionally provided with the second experiment container, for placing the solid particle layer as comparison and overlying water；In described second experiment container, it is provided with dissolved oxygen electrode device, is suitable for detecting the dissolved oxygen distributed data that the region including solid particle layer-water termination is vertically gone up in described second experiment container.
Described isolating membrane is plastic sheeting, on described isolating membrane heat-sealing inwall around described access portal, by internal with described first experiment container for described access portal isolation；
Described lifting mechanism includes: the sliding tray being arranged vertically on described first experiment container inwall and the lifting bar being arranged in described sliding tray, fix with described lifting bar and be connected with annular ring, annular ring is close to the inwall of described first experiment container and is arranged, being installed with lifting sheet in annular ring, described lifting sheet is parallel to the axially arranged of described first experiment container.
Described lifting mechanism is arranged on the outside of described first experiment container, and described lifting mechanism is connected by draw bail with described separating sheet；
Described access portal includes transverse channel openings and the vertical passageway opening of connection setting；
Described separating sheet is by isolating membrane described in described transverse channel openings transverse cuts；When in fully-inserted described first experiment container of described separating sheet, described draw bail runs through described access portal and arranges, and is suitable for vertically access portal rising.
It is provided with the cylindrical housings of upper opening, the baffle plate of described housing bottom surface it is provided perpendicular in described circular cylindrical shell body, described baffle plate goes out two identical cavitys in the internal insulation of described cylindrical housings, it is respectively the first experiment container and the second experiment container, the cross section of described first experiment container and the second experiment container is a part for annular or is arch, and described first experiment container and the second experiment container are all arranged concentrically with described cylindrical housings；
Being provided with transverse channel openings and the vertical passageway opening of connection on the baffle plate that described first experiment container is corresponding, described portable plate embeds and is inserted in described transverse channel openings and vertical passageway opening；Circle centre position in described cylindrical housings is provided with lifting mechanism, and described lifting mechanism is rotation and lifting bar；Described separating sheet is suitable for being arranged on described rotation and lifting bar, described rotation and lifting bar drives described separating sheet to be rotated, from isolating membrane described in described transverse channel openings transverse cuts, in fully-inserted described first experiment container and take the cross section of described first experiment container；When in fully-inserted described first experiment container of described separating sheet, described rotation and lifting bar drives described separating sheet vertically access portal to rise by described draw bail.
It is connected with driving means with described rotation and lifting bar, is used for driving described rotation and lifting bar to carry out lifting and rotary motion；Described rotation and lifting bar or described separating sheet are provided with distance-sensor, for detecting the cutting-height information of separating sheet；
It is additionally provided with automaton, with described driving means while of described automaton, described dissolved oxygen electrode device and described distance-sensor connect setting, the dissolved oxygen sudden change degree of depth at solid particulate matter-water termination in being suitable for receiving the described dissolved oxygen distributed data of described dissolved oxygen electrode device detection and obtaining described second experiment container, receive the cutting-height information of the separating sheet of described distance-sensor transmission simultaneously, and according to the adjustable height of rotation and lifting bar described in described dissolved oxygen sudden change severity control, the cutting-height making described separating sheet is consistent with the described dissolved oxygen sudden change degree of depth.
Described baffle plate includes the first baffle plate and the second baffle being positioned at described rotation and lifting bar both sides, and described first baffle plate and described second baffle are flat board arranged in parallel；Described first baffle plate and second baffle isolate two cross sections cavity arcuately, the respectively first experiment container and the second experiment container in the both sides of described rotation and lifting bar；Described second baffle is arranged in described circular cylindrical shell body by sealing draw-in groove；Described separating sheet is detachably connected with described rotation and lifting bar.
Described transverse channel openings and described separating sheet are provided with multiple, the plurality of separating sheet is vertically arranged in order and arranged in parallel, the isolating membrane in the multiple described transverse channel openings of circumgyration incision while of being suitable under the drive of described rotation and lifting bar.
It is provided with support tube in described first experiment container, the lateral wall of described support tube matches with the internal face of described first experiment container, described isolating membrane is coated with outer wall and the bottom surface setting of described support tube, described support tube supports described isolating membrane and is close to inwall and the bottom surface of described first experiment container, and described support tube is provided with the operating walk way corresponding with described access portal.
The sidewall that described support tube is close to described transverse channel openings and vertical passageway opening part is set to sliding shoe, and described sliding shoe extends through the whole vertical height of described support tube；
The support tube sidewall being positioned at described sliding shoe both sides is provided with sliding tray, be provided with the raised line of vertically extension in the both sides of described sliding shoe, it is interior and be suitable for carrying out reciprocating of vertical direction along described sliding tray that described sliding shoe is arranged on described sliding tray by raised line nesting；
Described operating walk way is arranged on described sliding shoe, including horizontal cutting channel consistent with the quantity of described transverse channel openings and vertical passageway opening respectively and vertical rising passway, wherein said cutting channel is identical with described transverse channel openings development length circumferentially, and the height that described cutting channel is vertically gone up is less than the height of described transverse channel openings and 2-4mm bigger than the thickness of described separating sheet；When described sliding shoe in the vertical direction is positioned at lowermost end, described cutting channel lower limb and the lower limb flush of described transverse channel openings, described rising passway coincides with described vertical passageway opening.
For the experimental provision of deposit Nutrient release resistance control technical research in the present invention, advantage is:
(1) experimental provision of the present invention, is set to portable plate by a part for the first experiment container sidewall, and portable plate can be unfolded into access portal；The inner side of portable plate is provided with isolating membrane, and isolating membrane is by the inside isolation of described access portal with described first experiment container.When testing, solid particle layer is formed in deposit and/or resistance control material are positioned over described first experiment container, adding overlying water, and in the vertical direction above described solid particle layer, described solid particle layer is positioned at above the lower limb of described access portal with the interface of overlying water；Overlying water is periodically sampled by experimentation, detects and record the change in value of nutritive salt, at the end of experiment, first discharge the overlying water above solid particle layer；Then portable plate is unfolded into access portal, utilize separating sheet from isolating membrane described in described access portal transverse cuts, solid particle layer is cut, until in fully-inserted described first experiment container of separating sheet and take the cross section of described first experiment container, so that the solid particle above and below separating sheet is kept completely separate.Described separating sheet is driven vertically to rise to the top of described first experiment container, then to deliver to outside the first experiment container by support solid particle layer above described separating sheet, it is achieved stratified sampling by lifting mechanism the most again.Deposit and impedance material itself after extraction overlying water still have certain mobility, and passage can be formed by isolating membrane temporarily and seal by experiment container of the present invention, prevents the disturbance of solid particle, improves the degree of accuracy of experiment.
(2) experimental provision of the present invention, is additionally provided with the second experiment container for comparison.When being sequentially placed deposit from down to up in described first experiment container, resistance control material, during overlying water, owing to some resistance control material is the most similar to the color of deposit, it is difficult to distinguish the interface of the two, this situation can be when experiment starts, the deposit layer contour with deposit in described first experiment container is placed in described second experiment container, at the end of experiment, the dissolved oxygen distribution vertically gone up in detecting the second experiment container, owing to the dissolved oxygen concentration at solid particulate matter-water termination can be undergone mutation, therefore the degree of depth of solid particulate matter-water termination can be obtained according to the distribution of dissolved oxygen, and determine deposit and the interface depth of resistance control material layer in the first experiment container according to this degree of depth, separating sheet is used to cut at this depth, thus deposit and resistance control material layer can be separated.In the present invention, the degree of depth of solid particulate matter-water termination that distribution according to dissolved oxygen obtains can approximate and regard deposit and the interface depth of resistance control material layer in the first experiment container as, by carrying out cutting and detecting nutrient concentrations in this degree of depth, can be that the nutritive salt migration mechanism at research deposit-resistance control material interface provides important reference.
In order to make the technical scheme of experimental provision for the resistance control technical research of deposit Nutrient release of the present invention and clearer, below in conjunction with concrete drawings and the specific embodiments, the present invention is further elaborated.
Accompanying drawing explanation
It is illustrated in figure 1 described lifting mechanism of the present invention and is arranged on the structural representation of the experimental provision for the resistance control technical research of deposit Nutrient release within described first experiment container；
If Fig. 2 is the top view of experimental provision shown in Fig. 1；
It is of the present invention to be provided with multiple transverse channel openings and lifting mechanism is arranged on the structural representation of the experimental provision outside described first experiment container as shown in Figure 3；
It is the side view of experimental provision shown in Fig. 3 as shown in Figure 4；
It is the structural representation of the lifting mechanism being arranged on outside described first experiment container of the present invention as shown in Figure 5；
It is the structural representation of the experimental provision being provided with support tube of the present invention as shown in Figure 6；
It is the structural representation of support tube of the present invention as shown in Figure 7；
It is that cylindrical housings and the second baffle of being provided with of the present invention is by sealing the structural representation of the experimental provision that draw-in groove connects as shown in Figure 8；
It is the separating sheet of the present invention structural representation that is removably mounted on described rotation and lifting bar as shown in Figure 9；
It is the sectional view of cylindrical housings of the present invention as shown in Figure 10；
It is the first experiment container of the present invention as shown in figure 11 and the structural representation of experimental provision time the second experiment container is disposed as annular a part of；
Wherein, reference is:
1-the first experiment container；2-lifting bar；3-access portal；31-transverse channel openings；32-vertical passageway opening；4-annular ring；5-lifting sheet；6-rotation and lifting bar；7-separating sheet；8-fixes bolt；9-connecting rod；10-the second experiment container；11-the first baffle plate；12-second baffle；13-seals draw-in groove；14-cylindrical housings；15-support tube；16-raised line；17-welding bars；18-isolating membrane；19-lowering or hoisting gear；20-sliding shoe；21-cutting channel；22-rising passway.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
Present embodiments provide a kind of experimental provision for the resistance control technical research of deposit Nutrient release, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, it is provided with the first experiment container 1, as preferred embodiment, it is set to cylindrical tube to reduce the first experiment container 1 described in the boundary effect that chamber wall causes as far as possible, polypropylene (PP) is used to make, for transparence；The top end opening of described first experiment container 1 is arranged；In order to realize the Slice by slice cutting to internal solid particulate matter, a part for described first experiment container 1 sidewall is set to portable plate.Portable plate in the present embodiment is the transverse slat along described first experiment container 1 horizontally set；The sidewall of described first experiment container 1 is provided with the access portal 3 that the shape with described portable plate matches；Described portable plate embeds and is arranged in described access portal, in order to improve the stability of portable plate, moves, comes off, be also removably attached on described sidewall by described portable plate, as being connected by screw outside preventing it under the effect of internal pressure；Or at the edge of portable plate, elastic washer is set, when described portable plate embeds and is arranged in described access portal, described elastic washer makes described portable plate and is positioned between the sidewall at access portal the state in interference fit, thus realizes being detachably fixed portable plate.The lower limb height of described transverse channel openings 31 is 4cm, and the extended height vertically gone up is 2cm, and described transverse channel openings 31 accounts for the 1/2 of described cylindrical sidewall in a circumferential direction；The inner side of described portable plate is provided with isolating membrane 18, described isolating membrane 18 covers the inwall setting that described first experiment container 1 is positioned at around described portable plate, by internal with described first experiment container 1 for described access portal isolation, as selectable embodiment, isolating membrane 18 described in the present embodiment uses thermoplastic to make, such as polyethylene, polrvinyl chloride etc., by the way of adding hot-seal, the heat-sealing of described isolating membrane is positioned on the inwall around described portable plate at described first experiment container 1；
Experimental provision described in the present embodiment, is additionally provided with separating sheet 7, and for from isolating membrane 18 described in described access portal transverse cuts, described separating sheet 7 can be in fully-inserted described first experiment container 1 and take the cross section of described first experiment container 1；Separating sheet 7 described in the present embodiment is circular, and diameter matches with the internal diameter of described first experiment container 1；The thickness of described separating sheet 7 is 1-3mm, and for the ease of cutting, described separating sheet 7 is provided with blade for the side of cutting.
In order to the separating sheet 7 completing to separate cutting solid particle layer be taken out, the present embodiment is additionally provided with lifting mechanism.Lifting mechanism described in the present embodiment is arranged in described first experiment container 1, including: the sliding tray being arranged vertically on described first experiment container 1 inwall and the lifting bar 2 being arranged in described sliding tray, fix with described lifting bar 2 and be connected with annular ring 4, annular ring 4 is close to the inwall of described first experiment container 1 and is arranged, annular ring 4 is installed with lifting sheet 5, in order to reduce the disturbance to deposit, described lifting sheet 5 is parallel to the axially arranged of described first experiment container 1, and its top is set to knife-edge or controls horizontal Breadth Maximum less than 1mm, same as preferred embodiment, the annular top of annular ring 4 is also configured as knife-edge, thus in uphill process, reduce the resistance between solid particulate matter.Under original state, described lifting sheet 5 is positioned at the lower section of described portable plate, after experiment terminates, by promoting described lifting bar 2, utilizes lifting sheet 5 to drive described separating sheet 7 vertically to rise to the top of described first experiment container 1.As preferred embodiment, can increase hydraulic means, described hydraulic means is connected with described lifting bar 2, drives described lifting bar 2 raising and lowering.
The experimental technique using experimental provision of the present invention to carry out deposit Nutrient release research is:
(1), under original state, described portable plate embeds and is arranged in described access portal, is sequentially placed into deposit and overlying water in described first experiment container 1, and the thickness of deposit is at about 10cm, and the height of described overlying water is 20cm.Now, will not be flowed out by the gap between described portable plate and described container side wall due to the buffer action of isolating membrane, described overlying water and deposit；
(2) in the experimentation of 2 months, took an overlying water every 10 days, measure the nutritive salt index in water, as dissolved reactive phosphorus, total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total nitrogen etc.；The pure water of equivalent is supplemented, it is ensured that in device, the depth of water remains 20cm after every sub-sampling.
(3) at the end of experiment, first discharge overlying water, then take out portable plate, separating sheet 7 is inserted isolating membrane 18 described in transverse cuts from described access portal 3, in fully-inserted described first experiment container 1 and take the cross section of described first experiment container 1；
(4) after in fully-inserted described first experiment container 1 of described separating sheet 7, starting hydraulic means, drive described lifting bar 2 to move upward, until separating sheet 7 to be raised to the top of described first experiment container 1, the deposit layer above separating sheet being taken out.
Passage can be formed by isolating membrane temporarily and seal by the experiment container described in the present embodiment, prevents the disturbance of solid particle, is effectively increased the degree of accuracy of experiment.
Embodiment 2
Present embodiments providing a kind of experimental provision for the resistance control technical research of deposit Nutrient release, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, be provided with the first experiment container 1, described first experiment container 1 is the cylindrical tube of top end opening；A part for described first experiment container 1 sidewall is set to portable plate；Portable plate in the present embodiment includes 3 transverse slats and 1 riser, and described 3 transverse slats are arranged in parallel, and described riser is vertically sequentially connected with each transverse slat；The sidewall of described first experiment container 1 is provided with the access portal that the shape with described portable plate matches, correspondingly, described access portal includes 3 transverse channel openings 31 and 1 vertical passageway opening 32, match with described transverse slat and riser respectively, described 3 transverse channel openings 31 are arranged in parallel, the most through described 3 transverse channel openings 31 of described 1 Vertical Channel opening and extend to described first experiment container 1 top；Portable plate described in the present embodiment is removably attached on described sidewall.The lower limb height of described 3 transverse channel openings 31 is followed successively by 2cm, 4cm, 6cm, and the extended height that each transverse channel openings 31 is vertically gone up is 3cm, and described transverse channel openings 31 accounts for the 1/2 of described cylindrical sidewall in a circumferential direction.
Isolating membrane 18 covers the inwall setting that described first experiment container 1 is positioned at around described portable plate, by internal with described first experiment container 1 for described access portal isolation, isolating membrane described in the present embodiment uses thermoplastic to make, by the way of adding hot-seal, by described isolating membrane heat-sealing inwall around described portable plate.
The separating sheet 7 of experimental provision described in the present embodiment is also equipped with 3, described 3 separating sheet 7 are arranged in parallel and vertically set gradually, the spacing of described 3 separating sheet 7 arranges identical with the spacing of described 3 interconnections, thus can simultaneously enter described 3 transverse channel openings 31 and cut；Separating sheet 7 described in the present embodiment is circular, and diameter matches with the internal diameter of described first experiment container 1；The thickness of described separating sheet 7 is 0.3cm, and for the ease of cutting, described separating sheet 7 is provided with blade for the side of cutting.
It is outside that lifting mechanism described in the present embodiment is arranged on described first experiment container 1, as shown in Figure 5, including a lowering or hoisting gear being vertically arranged 19, described lowering or hoisting gear 19 is a liftable bar, it is connected with hydraulic means with described lowering or hoisting gear 19, is used for driving described lifting bar 2 to carry out elevating movement.Described lowering or hoisting gear 19 is connected setting by draw bail with described 3 separating sheet 7；Described draw bail is the connecting rod 9 and fixing bolt 8 being vertically arranged；Described 3 separating sheet 7 are linked together by connecting rod 9, described connecting rod 9 is removably mounted on described lowering or hoisting gear 19 by fixing bolt 8, when in fully-inserted described first experiment container 1 of described separating sheet 7, described draw bail runs through described access portal and arranges, and is suitable for vertically access portal 32 and rises.
Experimental provision of the present invention is carried out at the experimental technique of deposit Nutrient release research:
(1), under original state, described portable plate embeds and is arranged in described access portal, is sequentially placed into deposit and overlying water in described first experiment container 1, and the thickness of deposit is at about 10cm, and the height of described overlying water is 20cm.Now, will not be flowed out by the gap between described portable plate and described container side wall due to the buffer action of isolating membrane, described overlying water and deposit；
(2) in the experimentation of 2 months, took an overlying water every 10 days, measure the nutritive salt index in water, as dissolved reactive phosphorus, total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total nitrogen etc.；The pure water of equivalent is supplemented, it is ensured that in device, the depth of water remains 20cm after every sub-sampling.
(3) at the end of experiment, first discharge overlying water, then take out portable plate, 3 separating sheet 7 will be inserted the described isolating membrane 18 of cutting from described 3 transverse channel openings 31 simultaneously, in fully-inserted described first experiment container 1 of each described separating sheet 7 and take the cross section of described first experiment container 1；
(4) after in fully-inserted described first experiment container 1 of described separating sheet 7, fixing bolt 8 is used the connecting rod 9 connecting the plurality of separating sheet 7 to be fixed on described lowering or hoisting gear 19, then hydraulic means is started, described lowering or hoisting gear 19 is driven to move upward, until 3 described separating sheet 7 to be raised to successively the top of described first experiment container 1, the deposit layer above each separating sheet is taken out.
Solid particle layer, by arranging multiple transverse channel openings 31 and multiple separating sheet 7, can be divided into multilamellar, be effectively increased conventional efficient by the experiment container described in the present embodiment.
Embodiment 3
nullPresent embodiments provide a kind of experimental provision for the resistance control technical research of deposit Nutrient release，As shown in Figure 6，Experimental provision in the present embodiment is compared to the experimental provision in embodiment 2，Further increase support tube 15，Described support tube 15 is as shown in Figure 7，The lateral wall of support tube 15 matches with the internal face of described first experiment container 1，Described isolating membrane 18 is coated with outer wall and the bottom surface setting of described support tube 15，Described support tube 15 supports described isolating membrane 18 and is close to inwall and the bottom surface of described first experiment container 1，The sidewall that described support tube 15 is close at described transverse channel openings 31 and vertical passageway opening 32 is set to sliding shoe 20，Described sliding shoe 20 extends through the whole vertical height of described support tube 15，The vertically height of the most described sliding shoe 20 is the most identical with described support tube；Support tube 15 sidewall being positioned at described sliding shoe 20 both sides is provided with sliding tray, be provided with the raised line 16 of vertically extension in the both sides of described sliding shoe 20, it is interior and be suitable for carrying out reciprocating of vertical direction along described sliding tray that described sliding shoe 20 is arranged on described sliding tray by raised line 16 nesting；
Described operating walk way is arranged on described sliding shoe 20, including 3 corresponding with at described 3 transverse channel openings 31 and 1 vertical passageway opening 32 respectively horizontal cutting channels 21 and 1 vertical rising passway 22, wherein every described cutting channel 21 is identical with transverse channel openings every described 31 development length circumferentially, the big 2-4mm of separating sheet 7 described in the aspect ratio that described cutting channel 21 is vertically gone up；When described sliding shoe 20 in the vertical direction is positioned at lowermost end, the lower limb of every described cutting channel 21 and the lower limb flush of every described transverse channel openings 31, described rising passway 22 coincides with described vertical passageway opening 32.
Experimental provision described in the present embodiment, is supported described isolating membrane by arranging described support tube 15, after experiment terminates, only need to be pulled down by described isolating membrane 18, then superscribes new isolating membrane 18 and can test next time.Simultaneously, experimental provision in the present embodiment is by arranging sliding shoe 20, in cutting process, by pulling up sliding shoe 20, cutting channel 21 on sliding shoe 20 can be pulled to cutting position, then separating sheet 7 is utilized to cut, now, owing to separating sheet 7 described in the aspect ratio that the cutting channel 21 on described sliding shoe 20 is vertically gone up goes out greatly 2-4mm, so in cutting process, sliding shoe 20 has carried out effective support in the inside of the first experiment container 1 to described isolating membrane, extend internally so effectively prevent the isolating membrane caused because of the cutting movement of separating sheet 7, skew, and then cause the problem that solid particulate matter flows, further increase operating performance and the accuracy of experiment.
Embodiment 4
Present embodiments provide a kind of experimental provision for the resistance control technical research of deposit Nutrient release, as shown in Figure 8, it is provided with the cylindrical housings 14 of upper opening, circle centre position in described cylindrical housings 14 is provided with lifting mechanism, as it is shown in figure 9, lifting mechanism described in the present embodiment is rotation and lifting bar 6；The baffle plate of described housing bottom surface it is provided perpendicular in described cylindrical housings 14, described baffle plate includes the first baffle plate 11 and the second baffle 12 being positioned at described rotation and lifting bar 6 both sides, and described first baffle plate 11 is flat board arranged in parallel with described second baffle 12；Described first baffle plate 11 and second baffle 12 isolate two cross sections identical cavity arcuately in the both sides of described rotation and lifting bar 6, being respectively the first experiment container 1 and the second experiment container 10, described first experiment container 1 and the second experiment container 10 are all arranged concentrically with described cylindrical housings 14；Second baffle 12 described in the present embodiment is arranged in described cylindrical housings 14 by sealing draw-in groove 13；Described first baffle plate 11 is one-body molded with described cylindrical housings 14.
As shown in Figure 10, being provided with access portal on described first baffle plate 11, described access portal includes 1 transverse channel openings 31 and 1 vertical passageway opening 32, and the two connects setting, and described portable plate is removably attached in described access portal；Isolating membrane 18 covers the inwall setting that described first experiment container 1 is positioned at around described portable plate, by internal with described first experiment container 1 for access portal isolation, isolating membrane 18 described in the present embodiment uses thermoplastic to make, by the way of adding hot-seal, described isolating membrane 18 is sealed on the inwall around described portable plate.Being connected with driving means with described rotation and lifting bar 6, driving means described in the present embodiment is motor, and described driving means is suitable for driving described rotation and lifting bar 6 to carry out rotating and elevating movement；Described separating sheet 7 is suitable for being removably mounted on described rotation and lifting bar 6 by fixing bolt 8, described rotation and lifting bar is suitable for driving described separating sheet 7 to be rotated, from isolating membrane described in described transverse channel openings 31 transverse cuts, in fully-inserted described first experiment container 1 and take the cross section of described first experiment container 1；When in fully-inserted described first experiment container 1 of described separating sheet 7, described fixing bolt 8 runs through described access portal and arranges, and is suitable for vertically access portal 32 and rises.
The experimental technique using the experimental provision described in the present embodiment to carry out the resistance control research of deposit Nutrient release is:
(1) under original state, being sequentially placed into deposit, resistance control experiment material and overlying water in described first experiment container 1, the thickness of deposit and resistance control experiment material layer is 10cm, and the thickness of overlying water is 30cm；Adding deposit and overlying water in described second experiment container 10, the thickness of described deposit is 10cm, and the thickness of overlying water is 30cm；
(2) in the experimentation of 12 months, the overlying water taken in first experiment container 1 and the second experiment container 10 every 30 days, measure the nutritive salt index in water, including dissolving reactive phosphorus, total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total nitrogen etc., detect the dissolved oxygen concentration in the first experiment container 1 and the second experiment container 10 simultaneously；The pure water of equivalent is supplemented, it is ensured that in device, the depth of water remains 20cm after every sub-sampling.
(3), at the end of experiment, the overlying water in the first experiment container 1 and the second experiment container 10 is first discharged；Then second baffle 12 is extracted out from described sealing draw-in groove 13, take out the sediment sample in the second experiment container 10；Separating sheet 7 is arranged on described rotation and lifting bar 6 by fixing bolt 8.
(4) driving means is utilized to drive described rotation and lifting bar 6 to rotate, and then drive described separating sheet 7 to rotate, and from isolating membrane described in described transverse channel openings 31 transverse cuts, in fully-inserted described first experiment container 1 of described separating sheet 7 and when taking the cross section of described first experiment container 1, described rotation and lifting bar 6 drives described separating sheet 7 vertically access portal 32 to rise by described fixing bolt 8.
Embodiment 5
Present embodiments provide a kind of experimental provision for the resistance control technical research of deposit Nutrient release, as shown in figure 11, it is provided with the cylindrical housings 14 of upper opening, the baffle plate of described housing bottom surface it is provided perpendicular in described cylindrical housings 14, described baffle plate goes out three identical cavitys in the internal insulation of described cylindrical housings 14, it is respectively the first experiment container 1, second experiment container 10 and operating cavity, described first experiment container 1, the cross section of the second experiment container 10 and operating cavity is 1/3rd of annular and is all arranged concentrically with described cylindrical housings 14；
Being provided with 1 transverse channel openings 31 and 1 vertical passageway opening 32 being interconnected on the baffle plate of described first experiment container 1 correspondence, described portable plate embeds and is arranged in described transverse channel openings 31 and vertical passageway opening 32；Isolating membrane 18 covers the inwall setting that described first experiment container 1 is positioned at around described portable plate, by internal with described first experiment container 1 for access portal isolation, isolating membrane 18 described in the present embodiment uses thermoplastic to make, by the way of adding hot-seal, described isolating membrane 18 is sealed on the inwall around described portable plate.
The present embodiment is provided with lifting mechanism at the circle centre position of described cylindrical housings 14, and described lifting mechanism is rotation and lifting bar 6；Under original state, described separating sheet 7 is positioned at described operating cavity and is fixedly mounted on described rotation and lifting bar 6 by draw bail, and described draw bail is bolt or the welding bars 17 welded with described separating sheet 7 and spiral lifting bar respectively；Described rotation and lifting bar 6 suitably drives described separating sheet 7 to be rotated, from isolating membrane described in described transverse channel openings 31 transverse cuts, in fully-inserted described first experiment container 1 and take the cross section of described first experiment container 1；When in fully-inserted described first experiment container 1 of described separating sheet 7, described rotation and lifting bar 6 drives described separating sheet 7 vertically access portal 32 to rise by described draw bail.As selectable embodiment, described first experiment container 1 and the second experiment container 10 are set to identical cavity, but operating cavity may be configured as not big with described first experiment container 1 or the second experiment container 10 etc., owing to described operating cavity to be used for placing described separating sheet 7, and described separating sheet 7 can take the whole cross section of described first experiment container 1, so described operating cavity could be arranged to more than described first experiment container.
The present embodiment is provided with dissolved oxygen electrode in the first experiment container 1 and the second experiment container 10.Wherein the dissolved oxygen electrode device in described second experiment container 10, is suitable for vertically moving, thus the dissolved oxygen distributed data that in detecting described second experiment container 10, the region including solid particle layer-water termination is vertically gone up.
Experimental provision in the present embodiment, described separating sheet 7 is additionally provided with distance-sensor, for detecting the cutting-height information of separating sheet 7, as selectable embodiment, described distance-sensor can be to measure the sensing device of distance in the prior aries such as laser distance induction apparatus；In addition, it is additionally provided with automaton, described automaton is connected setting with described driving means, described dissolved oxygen electrode device and described distance-sensor, it is suitable for receiving the described dissolved oxygen distributed data of described dissolved oxygen electrode device detection and obtaining the dissolved oxygen sudden change degree of depth at solid particulate matter-water termination, receive the cutting-height information of the separating sheet 7 of described distance-sensor transmission simultaneously, and controlling the action of described driving means, the cutting-height making described separating sheet 7 is consistent with the described dissolved oxygen sudden change degree of depth.Dissolved oxygen electrode device described in the present embodiment can use arbitrary dissolved oxygen electrode product in prior art, described dissolved oxygen electrode device can vertically move, thus can detect the dissolved oxygen distributed data vertically gone up in the region including solid particle layer-water termination.Described automaton is provided with data processing unit；During described dissolved oxygen electrode device moves down in the overlying water in described second experiment container, when moving to solid particle layer-water termination, dissolved oxygen concentration can be undergone mutation, the dissolved oxygen distributed data collected during moving down in dissolved oxygen electrode overlying water in described second experiment container is processed by described data processing unit, when the dissolved oxygen change in value amplitude in unit height excursion is more than certain numerical value, i.e. can determine that dissolved oxygen is undergone mutation；As preferred embodiment, the present embodiment sets unit height excursion as 0.5mm, when the dissolved oxygen concentration amplitude of variation in the range of 0.5mm height change is more than 60%, i.e. can determine that dissolved oxygen is undergone mutation, and the degree of depth now is the dissolved oxygen sudden change degree of depth.It should be noted that, amplitude of variation when dissolved oxygen is undergone mutation can be affected by environmental condition, but as those skilled in the art, only i.e. be can get the dissolved oxygen sudden change amplitude of variation under different condition by the experiment of limited number of time, thus as the foundation judging whether dissolved oxygen undergos mutation.Therefore numerical value beyond advantageous variant amplitude in the present embodiment, also should be regarded as falling into protection scope of the present invention.
The experimental technique using the experimental provision described in the present embodiment to carry out the resistance control research of deposit Nutrient release is:
(1) under original state, being sequentially placed into deposit, resistance control experiment material and overlying water in described first experiment container 1, the thickness of deposit and resistance control experiment material layer is 30cm, and the thickness of overlying water is 30cm；Adding deposit and overlying water in described second experiment container 10, the thickness of described deposit is 30cm, and the thickness of overlying water is 30cm；
(2) in the experimentation of 12 months, the overlying water taken in first experiment container 1 and the second experiment container 10 every 30 days, measure the nutritive salt index in water, including dissolving reactive phosphorus, total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total nitrogen etc., detect the dissolved oxygen concentration in the first experiment container 1 and the second experiment container 10 simultaneously；The pure water of equivalent is supplemented, it is ensured that in device, the depth of water remains 30cm after every sub-sampling.
(3), at the end of experiment, the overlying water in the first experiment container 1 is first discharged；Then the dissolved oxygen distributed data that the region utilizing described dissolved oxygen electrode device to detect in the second experiment container 10 including solid particle layer-water termination is vertically gone up, and described data are transferred to automaton, described automaton is calculated the sudden change degree of depth of described dissolved oxygen distributed data and assigns instruction to described driving means, controlling described driving means drives described rotation and lifting bar 6 to lift so that separating sheet 7 carries out circumgyration incision in the position contour with described sudden change depth.
(4) after in fully-inserted described first experiment container 1 of described separating sheet 7, drive described rotation and lifting bar 6 to move upward, drive described separating sheet 7 to move upward, until multiple described separating sheet 7 to be raised to successively the top of described first experiment container 1.
In above-described embodiment 1-5, as preferably, line detector can be arranged in experiment container, thus carry out on-line checking to include the nutritive salt index dissolved including reactive phosphorus, total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total nitrogen.
Embodiment described above only have expressed the several embodiments of the present invention, and it describes more concrete and detailed, but therefore can not be interpreted as the restriction to the scope of the claims of the present invention.It should be pointed out that, for the person of ordinary skill of the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, it is also possible to make some deformation and improvement, these broadly fall into protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with claim.
Claims (10)
1. for the experimental provision of deposit Nutrient release resistance control technical research, it is characterised in that including:
The first experiment container (1) that top end opening is arranged, is used for placing solid particle layer and overlying water；Described
A part for first experiment container (1) sidewall is set to portable plate, and described portable plate is suitable for being unfolded into leading to
Road opening (3)；
Be provided with isolating membrane in the inner side of described portable plate, described isolating membrane covers described first experiment container (1)
It is positioned at described access portal (3) inwall around to arrange, described access portal (3) is real with described first
Test the internal isolation of container (1)；
Separating sheet (7), for from isolating membrane described in described access portal (3) transverse cuts, fully-inserted institute
State in the first experiment container (1) and take the cross section of described first experiment container (1)；
Lifting mechanism, when in fully-inserted described first experiment container (1) of described separating sheet (7), institute
State lifting mechanism to be suitable to drive described separating sheet (7) vertically to rise to described first experiment container (1)
Top.
Experimental provision for the resistance control technical research of deposit Nutrient release the most according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, be additionally provided with the second experiment container (10), for place as comparison solid particle layer and
Overlying water；In described second experiment container (10), it is provided with dissolved oxygen electrode device, is suitable for detecting institute
It is molten that the region stated in the second experiment container (10) including solid particle layer-water termination is vertically gone up
Solve oxygen distribution data.
Experiment for the resistance control technical research of deposit Nutrient release the most according to claim 1 and 2
Device, it is characterised in that described isolating membrane is plastic sheeting, described isolating membrane seals in described access portal
On inwall around, by internal to described access portal (3) and described first experiment container (1) isolation；
Described lifting mechanism includes: be arranged vertically at the cunning on described first experiment container (1) inwall
Dynamic groove and the lifting bar (2) being arranged in described sliding tray, fix with described lifting bar (2) and be connected with
Annular ring (4), annular ring (4) is close to the inwall of described first experiment container (1) and is arranged, in institute
Stating and be installed with lifting sheet (5) on annular ring (4), it is real that described lifting sheet (5) is parallel to described first
Test the axially arranged of container (1).
Experiment for the resistance control technical research of deposit Nutrient release the most according to claim 1 and 2
Device, it is characterised in that described lifting mechanism is arranged on the outside of described first experiment container (1), described
Lifting mechanism is connected by draw bail with described separating sheet (7)；
Described access portal includes transverse channel openings (31) and the vertical passageway opening (32) of connection setting；
Described separating sheet (7) is by isolating membrane described in described transverse channel openings (31) transverse cuts；Work as institute
State fully-inserted described first experiment container (1) of separating sheet (7) interior time, described draw bail runs through described
Access portal is arranged, and is suitable for vertically access portal (32) rising.
Experimental provision for the resistance control technical research of deposit Nutrient release the most according to claim 4,
It is characterized in that, be provided with the cylindrical housings (14) of upper opening, in described cylindrical housings (14)
Being provided perpendicular to the baffle plate of described housing bottom surface, described baffle plate is in the inside of described cylindrical housings (14)
Isolate two identical cavitys, the respectively first experiment container (1) and the second experiment container (10), institute
State the cross section of the first experiment container (1) and the second experiment container (10) be annular a part or
For arch, described first experiment container (1) and the second experiment container (10) all with described cylindrical housings (14)
It is arranged concentrically；
The baffle plate that described first experiment container (1) is corresponding is provided with the transverse channel openings (31) of connection
With vertical passageway opening (32), described portable plate embeds and is inserted into described transverse channel openings (31) and vertically
In access portal (32)；Circle centre position in described cylindrical housings (14) is provided with lifting mechanism, described
Lifting mechanism is rotation and lifting bar (6)；Described separating sheet (7) is suitable for being arranged on described rotation and lifting bar (6)
On, described rotation and lifting bar (6) drives described separating sheet (7) to be rotated, from described the most logical
Isolating membrane described in road opening (31) transverse cuts, fully-inserted described first experiment container (1) is interior and takes
The cross section of described first experiment container (1)；When fully-inserted described first experiment of described separating sheet (7)
When container (1) is interior, described rotation and lifting bar (6) drives described separating sheet (7) by described draw bail
Vertically access portal (32) rises.
Experimental provision for the resistance control technical research of deposit Nutrient release the most according to claim 5,
It is characterized in that, be connected with driving means with described rotation and lifting bar (6), be used for driving described rotation
Elevating lever (6) carries out lifting and rotary motion；Being provided with distance perspective on described rotation and lifting bar (6) should
Device, is used for detecting the cutting-height information of separating sheet (7)；
Be additionally provided with automaton, described automaton simultaneously with described driving means, described molten
Solve oxygen electrode device and described distance-sensor connects setting, be suitable for receiving the inspection of described dissolved oxygen electrode device
Survey described dissolved oxygen distributed data and obtain the described interior solid particulate matter-water termination of second experiment container (10)
The dissolved oxygen sudden change degree of depth at place, receives the cutting-height of the separating sheet (7) of described distance-sensor transmission simultaneously
Information, and according to the adjustable height of rotation and lifting bar (6) described in described dissolved oxygen sudden change severity control, make institute
The cutting-height stating separating sheet (7) is consistent with the described dissolved oxygen sudden change degree of depth.
7. according to the experiment for the resistance control technical research of deposit Nutrient release described in claim 5 or 6
Device, it is characterised in that described baffle plate includes the first baffle plate (11) being positioned at described rotation and lifting bar (6) both sides
With second baffle (12), described first baffle plate (11) is arranged in parallel with described second baffle (12)
Flat board；Described first baffle plate (11) and second baffle (12) are in the both sides of described rotation and lifting bar (6)
Isolate two cross sections cavity arcuately, the respectively first experiment container (1) and the second experiment container
(10)；Described second baffle (12) is arranged on described cylindrical housings (14) by sealing draw-in groove (13)
In；Described separating sheet (7) is detachably connected with described rotation and lifting bar (6).
8. control technical research according to hindering for deposit Nutrient release described in claim 5 or 6 or 7
Experimental provision, it is characterised in that described transverse channel openings (31) and described separating sheet (7) are provided with
Multiple, the plurality of separating sheet (7) is vertically arranged in order and arranged in parallel, is suitable in institute
State under the drive of rotation and lifting bar (6) in the multiple described transverse channel openings of circumgyration incision (31) simultaneously every
From film.
9. according to the arbitrary described reality for the resistance control technical research of deposit Nutrient release of claim 5-8
Experiment device, it is characterised in that be provided with support tube (15) in described first experiment container (1), described
The lateral wall of support tube (15) matches with the internal face of described first experiment container (1), described isolating membrane
The outer wall and the bottom surface that are coated with described support tube (15) are arranged, and described support tube (15) supports described isolating membrane
Being close to inwall and the bottom surface of described first experiment container (1), described support tube (15) is provided with logical with described
The operating walk way that road opening (3) is corresponding.
Experiment dress for the resistance control technical research of deposit Nutrient release the most according to claim 9
Put, it is characterised in that described support tube (15) is close to described transverse channel openings (31) and vertically leads to
The sidewall at road opening (32) place is set to sliding shoe (20), and described sliding shoe (20) extends through described
The whole vertical height of support cylinder (15)；
Support tube (15) sidewall be positioned at described sliding shoe (20) both sides is provided with sliding tray, in institute
The both sides stating sliding shoe (20) are provided with the raised line (16) of vertically extension, and described sliding shoe (20) is by convex
Bar (16) nesting is arranged in described sliding tray and is suitable for carrying out coming and going of vertical direction along described sliding tray
Mobile；
Described operating walk way is arranged on described sliding shoe 20, including respectively with described transverse channel openings (31)
The horizontal cutting channel (21) consistent with the quantity of vertical passageway opening (32) and vertical rising are led to
Road (22), wherein said cutting channel (21) and described transverse channel openings (31) extension circumferentially
Length is identical, and the height that described cutting channel (21) is vertically gone up is less than described transverse channel openings (31)
Height and than the big 2-4mm of thickness of described separating sheet (7)；When described sliding shoe (20) is at vertical direction
On when being positioned at lowermost end, described cutting channel (21) lower limb with under described transverse channel openings (31)
Edge flush, described rising passway (22) coincides with described vertical passageway opening (32).
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