CN105973639A - Method for testing total nitration of soil in rhizosphere region - Google Patents
Method for testing total nitration of soil in rhizosphere region Download PDFInfo
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- CN105973639A CN105973639A CN201610563995.1A CN201610563995A CN105973639A CN 105973639 A CN105973639 A CN 105973639A CN 201610563995 A CN201610563995 A CN 201610563995A CN 105973639 A CN105973639 A CN 105973639A
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- soil
- rhizosphere
- nitrification
- gross
- district
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
- G01N1/08—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
Abstract
The invention provides a method for testing total nitration of soil in a rhizosphere region. The method comprises the following steps: selecting a sample land of 20m*20m in a biological system, and selecting 10 small units in the sample land by using a wild quincunx sampling method; secondly, selecting sampling points with plants in the small units, taking soil samples in eight directions of east, south, west, north, southeast, northwest, southwest and northwest of the plants in horizontal distance, mixing the soil samples, carefully digging soil bodies with root systems in each direction, and slightly rejecting large-granule soil attached to the root systems by using a soil knife; brushing rhizosphere soil which is tightly adhered to the root systems and is 1-5mm thick into sterilized self-sealed bags by using a sterilized brush, immediately putting the soil samples into an incubator with ice for storage, and moving back to a laboratory; finally, testing the total nitration velocity of the rhizosphere region by using a BaPS soil nitrogen cycle monitoring system. The result of the method shows that a whole soil microorganism region system plays an important role in geobiochemistry nitrogen cycling.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biogeochemistry field, specifically, relate to a kind of side measuring the rhizosphere district total nitrification of soil
Method.
Background technology
Soil nitrification is the important step of biogeochemistry Nitrogen Cycling, under the effect of soil microorganism, and soil
Ammoniacal nitrogen in earth is oxidized to nitrous acid, and is oxidized to the process of nitrate further；Its Biochemical processes are produced
Raw various nitrogen oxides such as NO, N2O, not only a main path of the loss of nitrogen, and atmosphere pollution.It addition, N2O is one
Plant greenhouse gases, after entering air, O can be made3Protective layer is destroyed, and directly jeopardizes atmosphere and biosphere.Meanwhile, N2O is also
Can produce secondary chemical reaction with the organic chemical composition in air and become the main source of haze, atmosphere pollution, to the mankind
Life brings harm.And point out, during 1970 to 2004 years according to Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) research
Greenhouse gas emission adds 70%.N2O is a kind of metastable greenhouse gases, and its global warming potential is CO2296 times,
Between 1970 to 2004 years, its concentration 270ppm before the industrial revolution rises to the 319ppm of 2005.
Soil microorganism is as the Primary Actor (Fig. 1) of soil nitrification (Gross nitrification), at root
Border district soil microbial activities has a characteristic of uniqueness, thus the determination of the assay method of rhizosphere district soil Gross nitrification is right
In understanding rhizosphere district, soil ecosystem is regulating carbon nitrogen balance, the N slowing down in air2O isothermal chamber gas concentration rise with
And safeguard that Global climate change has irreplaceable effect.
Rhizosphere district soil refers to that a part of soil scope directly closely affected by root system of plant, it is considered that be
The shallow soil of distance root surface l-5mm is rhizosphere soil.Affected by root system of plant vital movement, soil ecology system of rhizosphere district
System be material, energy exchange enliven interface, be that the physiological activities such as root system of plant own metabolism are to soil biochemistry process shadow
Ring the most directly, the strongest tiny area, additionally root exudates is mainly enriched in rhizosphere district, thus rhizosphere district environment has solely
The physics of spy, chemistry, biological characteristic, the total nitrifying process of soil in this region there is also rhizosphere effect.Therefore, rhizosphere district soil is total
The mensuration of Nitrification is to further appreciating that soil ecosystem especially rhizosphere district Biogeochemical Cycling Nitrogen In Soils mistake
Journey tool plays an important role.
In existing technology, only measure soil release N2O greenhouse gases study soil ecosystem at regulation carbon nitrogen
Balance, and the determination of the assay method of the rhizosphere district total nitrifying process of soil has not yet to see report.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method measuring the rhizosphere district total nitrification of soil.
In order to realize the object of the invention, present invention firstly provides the concept of rhizosphere district soil total nitrifying process assay method,
Aim to provide a kind of quantitative determination rhizosphere district soil Gross nitrification method.
A kind of method measuring rhizosphere district soil Gross nitrification of the present invention, first, choose in ecosystem 20m ×
The sample ground of 20m, in sample ground, by field quincunx sampling methods, chooses the junior unit of 10 1m × 1m；Secondly, at junior unit
Inside choosing the sample point with plant, at horizontal range plant 20,80cm, soil sampling mixing, rejects attachment gently with soil cutter
Bulky grain soil on root system；Then, with sterilized hairbrush the rhizosphere soil brush being close to root system l-5mm entered and go out
Bacterium valve bag, is immediately placed in acquirement soil sample the couveuse preservation with ice cube, transports laboratory back；Finally, BaPS soil is utilized
The nitrogen cycle monitoring system measurement rhizosphere district total rate of nitrification of soil.
Aforesaid method, fetches Rhizosphere sampling and is measured in 24h.
Aforesaid method, the time utilizing BaPS Soil Nitrogen cycle monitoring system to measure is 12h.
Aforesaid method, the earth that fetches earth at described horizontal range plant 20,80cm refers in east, south, west, north, the southeast, east
North, southwest, orientation, 8, northwest take pedotheque.
Aforesaid method, described valve bag a size of: wide 17cm × long 24cm.
Aforesaid method, described in take pedotheque volume and be: long 20cm × wide 20cm × deep 50cm is with root system
The soil body.
Described ecosystem includes forest, meadow or farmland.
Advantages of the present invention effect is as follows:
The total nitrifying process of soil is biogeochemistry nitrogen cycle and N2The main process of O isothermal chamber gas release, existing
Technology in, only measure whole soil and include root system-microorganism-the litter hybrid system release N2O isothermal chamber gas is studied
Soil ecosystem is regulating ecosystem carbon, nitrogen balance, and the determination for rhizosphere district soil Gross nitrification is current the most still
Cannot measure intuitively.Thus, the present invention, by rejecting bulk soil soil, extracts soil test rhizosphere district of rhizosphere district soil total
Nitrification, the rhizosphere district participation geobiochemistry nitrogen cycle enlivened for the whole material of understanding, energy exchange has weight
The effect wanted, can be that research soil microorganism is being tackled global greenhouse gas by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
The impact of body discharge provides basic data to support；It addition, the pass that understanding rhizosphere district biotic environment is played in carbon, nitrogen balance
The directive significance that key effect is important.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 soil microorganism participates in the schematic diagram of soil nitrification.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of wheat rhizosphere district soil Gross nitrification.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of Rhizosphere of Crops district soil Gross nitrification.
Fig. 4 is the quincunx point sampling method used in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is that 8 orientation used in the embodiment of the present invention fetch earth the method for sample.
Detailed description of the invention
Following example are used for illustrating the present invention, but are not limited to the scope of the present invention.If not specializing, embodiment
In the conventional means that is well known to those skilled in the art of technological means used, raw materials used be commercial goods.
The air pressure process related in following example separates (BaPS) technology and utilizes BaPS Soil Nitrogen cycle monitoring system to enter
The mensuration of the total rate of nitrification of row soil, this system is purchased from UMS company of Germany.
Embodiment measures the method for rhizosphere district, farmland soil total nitre effect
First, Semen Tritici aestivi, milpa are chosen the sample ground of 20m × 20m, in sample ground, by field quincunx sampling methods (figure
3) junior unit of 10 1m × 1m, is chosen；Secondly, in junior unit, the sample point with plant is chosen, horizontal range plant
20, east, south, west, north at 80cm, the southeast, northeast, southwest, the orientation soil sampling mixing of 8, northwest, every orientation carefully takes 20
(length) cm × 20(width) cm × 50(is deep) cm with the soil body of root system, reject be attached on root system big gently with soil cutter
Granular soil；Then, with sterilized hairbrush, the rhizosphere soil brush being close to root system l-5mm has been entered wide 17cm × long 24cm
Sterilizing valve bag, is immediately placed in acquirement soil sample the couveuse preservation with ice cube, transports laboratory back；Utilize advanced air pressure mistake
Journey separates (BaPS) technical measurement rhizosphere district total rate of nitrification of soil.
Aforesaid method, fetches Rhizosphere sampling and is measured in 24h.
Aforesaid method, the time utilizing BaPS Soil Nitrogen cycle monitoring system to measure is 12h.
Determination step is as follows:
1) before the assay, rhizosphere district soil sample put into sensing chamber；
2), when measuring, keep indoor temperature consistent with temperature during soil sampling, and measure 12 hours；
3), at the end of measuring, software BaPSSoftware Version 2.2.4 is utilized to calculate the total rate of nitrification of soil.
By calculating, wheat rhizosphere district soil Gross nitrification is respectively as follows: March: 28.51 ± 5.12 μ gN/kg SDW
h；April: 36.95 ± 5.43 μ gN/kg SDW h；May: 49.95 ± 6.23 μ gN/kg SDW h；June: 72.89 ±
7.25 μgN/kg SDW h；July: 93.78 ± 10.23 μ gN/kg SDW h；August: 89.74 ± 9.09 μ gN/kg
SDW h；JIUYUE: 60.67 ± 6.12 μ gN/kg SDW h；October: 33.39 ± 4.23 μ gN/kg SDW h；November:
23.87±4.19 μgN/kg SDW h；Wheatland annual rhizosphere district soil Gross nitrification is 54.42 ± 26.34 μ gN/
kg SDW h。
Milpa rhizosphere district earth Gross nitrification is respectively as follows: March: 15.14 ± 4.27 μ gN/kg SDW h；April:
22.14±4.58 μgN/kg SDW h；May: 41.04 ± 5.38 μ gN/kg SDW h；June: 59.77 ± 6.40 μ
gN/kg SDW h；July: 81.04 ± 9.38 μ gN/kg SDW h；August: 67.78 ± 8.24 μ gN/kg SDW h；JIUYUE
Part: 32.75 ± 5.27 μ gN/kg SDW h；October: 22.89 ± 3.38 μ gN/kg SDW h；November: 11.56 ±
3.34 μgN/kg SDW h；Milpa annual rhizosphere district soil Gross nitrification is 39.35 ± 24.84 μ gN/kgSDW h.
It is suitable for meadow or forest land, although, the most right
The present invention has made detailed description, but on the basis of the present invention, can make some modifications or improvements it, and this is to art technology
It is apparent from for personnel.Therefore, these modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, all belong to
In the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the method measuring rhizosphere district soil Gross nitrification, it is characterised in that first, choose in ecosystem 20m ×
The sample ground of 20m, in sample ground, by field quincunx sampling methods, chooses the junior unit of 10 1m × 1m；Secondly, at junior unit
Inside choosing the sample point with plant, at horizontal range plant 20,80cm, soil sampling mixing, rejects attachment gently with soil cutter
Bulky grain soil on root system；Then, with sterilized hairbrush the rhizosphere soil brush being close to root system l-5mm entered and go out
Bacterium valve bag, is immediately placed in acquirement soil sample the couveuse preservation with ice cube, transports laboratory back；Finally, BaPS soil is utilized
The nitrogen cycle monitoring system measurement rhizosphere district total rate of nitrification of soil.
A kind of method measuring rhizosphere district soil Gross nitrification the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that fetch root
Border soil sample is measured in 24 h.
A kind of method measuring rhizosphere district soil Gross nitrification the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that utilize
The time that BaPS Soil Nitrogen cycle monitoring system measures is 12h.
A kind of method measuring rhizosphere district soil Gross nitrification the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described water
The earth that fetches earth at flat distance plant 20,80cm refers in east, south, west, north, the southeast, northeast, southwest, orientation, 8, northwest take soil-like
Product.
A kind of method measuring rhizosphere district soil Gross nitrification the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that dress rhizosphere
Pedotheque volume valve bag specification is: wide 17cm × long 24cm.
A kind of method measuring rhizosphere district soil Gross nitrification the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that every orientation
Taking pedotheque volume is: long 20cm × wide 20cm × deep 50cm is with the soil body of root system.
A kind of method measuring rhizosphere district soil Gross nitrification the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
Ecosystem includes forest, meadow or farmland.
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| CN201610563995.1A CN105973639A (en) | 2016-07-18 | 2016-07-18 | Method for testing total nitration of soil in rhizosphere region |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5974899A (en) * | 1997-12-05 | 1999-11-02 | Hanks; Dallas A. | Soil nutrient extraction method using pressurized hot water |
| CN202903750U (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2013-04-24 | 重庆大学 | Soil nitrification and denitrification in-situ measurement device |
| CN103728433A (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2014-04-16 | 北京林业大学 | Method for measuring contribution rate of plant root system to nitrification and denitrification of soil |
| CN103728434A (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2014-04-16 | 北京林业大学 | Method for measuring contribution rate of forest litters to nitrification and denitrification of soil |
| US9322817B2 (en) * | 2013-05-06 | 2016-04-26 | Luster Leaf Products, Inc. | Soil testing systems and methods thereof |
-
2016
- 2016-07-18 CN CN201610563995.1A patent/CN105973639A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5974899A (en) * | 1997-12-05 | 1999-11-02 | Hanks; Dallas A. | Soil nutrient extraction method using pressurized hot water |
| CN202903750U (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2013-04-24 | 重庆大学 | Soil nitrification and denitrification in-situ measurement device |
| US9322817B2 (en) * | 2013-05-06 | 2016-04-26 | Luster Leaf Products, Inc. | Soil testing systems and methods thereof |
| CN103728433A (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2014-04-16 | 北京林业大学 | Method for measuring contribution rate of plant root system to nitrification and denitrification of soil |
| CN103728434A (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2014-04-16 | 北京林业大学 | Method for measuring contribution rate of forest litters to nitrification and denitrification of soil |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 杨长明等: "模拟咸水入侵对崇明岛河岸带根际土壤微生物及反硝化作用的影响", 《应用生态学报》 * |
| 高阳等: "间作群体内土壤呼吸和硝化-反硝化作用研究", 《灌溉排水学报》 * |
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