CN105973567B - Hydrothermal solution plume simulator and analogy method - Google Patents
Hydrothermal solution plume simulator and analogy method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105973567B CN105973567B CN201610441022.0A CN201610441022A CN105973567B CN 105973567 B CN105973567 B CN 105973567B CN 201610441022 A CN201610441022 A CN 201610441022A CN 105973567 B CN105973567 B CN 105973567B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M10/00—Hydrodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on ship-testing tanks or water tunnels
Abstract
Include salt water tank the present invention relates to a kind of portable hydrothermal solution plume simulator, clear water water tank, test water tank, Jetstream fluid Water-storage tank and fluid jet nozzle, it is connected with the first magnetic drive pump and first flowmeter between salt water tank and clear water water tank in turn, it is connected with second flowmeter and the second magnetic drive pump between clear water water tank and test water tank in turn, on clear water water tank and Jetstream fluid Water-storage tank blender is equipped on lid, fluid jet nozzle, which is fixed on, to be set in the fluid jet nozzle pedestal in test water tank on lid, entering after head piece accesses third magnetic drive pump by water pipe for fluid jet nozzle accesses the third outlet valve being arranged in Jetstream fluid Water-storage tank lower part.Hydrothermal solution plume simulated experiment using hydrothermal solution plume simulator of the present invention includes mainly two parts：Layer bears water the making of body and the injection experiment of Jetstream fluid.Hydrothermal solution plume simulator of the present invention is simple in structure, easy to use, and simulation works well.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to submarine hydrothermal solution research fields, and in particular to a kind of hydrothermal solution plume simulator and analogy method.
Background technology
Deep-sea hydrothermal is commonly called as " black smoke chimney ", the smaller hydrothermal fluid of density after spout ejection, it is initial spray and spoil over momentum and
It rises rapidly under the action of density contrast with ambient seawater, and rolls up sucking ambient seawater by turbulent entrainment in uphill process
Make its dilution, the hydrothermal fluid density after dilution is identical as ambient seawater density and it rises momentum and is reduced to stop when zero
Rise, and movement diffusion tens or even thousands of kilometers in the horizontal direction, this section is ejected into the fluid for stopping rising from spout and is known as
Hydrothermal solution plume.The physics and chemical characteristic of hydrothermal solution plume and surrounding seawater difference are distinct, and hydrothermal solution plume phenomenon controls two kinds of streams
The mixed process of body affects the motion state of each substance in two kinds of fluids, can finally be indirectly controlled each substance
Distribution situation.Submarine hydrothermal solution activity and the research of resource effect have become the hot spot of current Earth scientific research, visit first
Distribution and the variation characteristic for studying carefully Hydrothermal plumes, aid in determining whether the presence of hot spring field and its hydrothermal vent, help to understand sea
Bottom geological activity.Secondly, submarine hydrothermal solution sprays and spoils over the sulfide mine to be formed rich in various metals such as gold, silver, copper, and collection is compared in distribution
In, the natural speed of growth is fast, and under the situation of land mining deposits increasingly depleted, deep-sea sulfide mine, which is increasingly becoming, most to be exploited
One of Deep Sea Minerals of foreground.Want to fully understand the formation mechenisms of seabed Polymetal Sulphide Ores, ingredient, position,
Characteristic distributions etc., and these potential resources are developed, first just it should be understood that the regularity of distribution, the seabed of submarine hydrothermal activity
The relevant issues such as the area distribution that multimetallic sulphide ores are formed, and these problems are studied, it just first has to hydrothermal solution plume
Various physical properties are studied.
At present there are mainly two types of the research modes of submarine hydrothermal solution plume：Field observation and laboratory simulation.Due to seeing on the spot
Survey needs to expend a large amount of human and material resources, financial resources, therefore laboratory simulation will be an ideal research mode, so mesh
It is preceding that there is an urgent need for a set of hydrothermal solution plume simulators that can be used in laboratory.
Invention content
In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of analog result is credible
It spends the portable hydrothermal solution plume simulator of higher use for laboratory and carries out the experiment of hydrothermal solution plume simulated experiment using the device
Method.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention includes salt water tank, clear water water tank, test water tank, Jetstream fluid deposit
Water tank and fluid jet nozzle, salt water tank lower part are equipped with the first flowing water Valve, which is connect successively by water pipe
Enter to access after the first magnetic drive pump and first flowmeter the inlet valve of clear water water tank；It is provided with the first stirring in the clear water water tank
Device, the clear water water tank lower part be equipped with the second flowing water Valve, second flowing water Valve by water pipe be sequentially ingressed into second flowmeter and
Test water tank is accessed after second magnetic drive pump；The fluid jet nozzle is fixed on the fluid jet nozzle pedestal set by test water tank upper cover
Interior, the access after head piece accesses third magnetic drive pump by water pipe that enters of fluid jet nozzle is arranged the of Jetstream fluid Water-storage tank lower part
Three outlet valves；It is provided with the second blender in the Jetstream fluid Water-storage tank.
Preferably, the bore of the jet port of the fluid jet nozzle is 5 ~ 7mm.
Preferably, the salt water tank is identical with clear water water tank size and is positioned in same level.
Preferably, the salt water tank, clear water water tank, test water tank and Jetstream fluid Water-storage tank upper cover are organic
Glass plate, first blender are fixed at clear water tank upper cover middle position by screw, and second blender is logical
It crosses screw and is fixed at Jetstream fluid Water-storage tank upper cover middle position.
Preferably, the first flowmeter and second flowmeter are mechanical meters.
In addition, ground hydrothermal solution plume simulated experiment being carried out using above-mentioned apparatus the present invention also provides a kind of, including it is following
Step：
A. into salt water tank, implantation concentration is 90 ‰ ~ 120 ‰ brine, toward clear water water tank injected clear water, and keeps two water
Water level is equal in case；
B. the velocity ratio of first flowmeter and second flowmeter is set as 1:1.5~1:2.5；
C. the first blender is opened, the first flowing water Valve, the second flowing water Valve and inlet valve are opened, opens the first magnetic force
Pump and the second magnetic drive pump, start to prepare layer and bear water body；
D. when 1.5 ~ 2.5mm of jet port of the liquid level submerged jet nozzle in water tank to be tested, the first blender is closed, is closed
The first flowing water Valve, the second flowing water Valve and inlet valve are closed, the first magnetic drive pump and the second magnetic drive pump are closed；
E. make the static 20 ~ 50min of the water body in test water tank；
F. required Jetstream fluid is injected into Jetstream fluid Water-storage tank, opens the second blender, start mixing jet stream
Body；
G. it waits for Jetstream fluid after mixing, open third magnetic drive pump and sets its flow so that efflux nozzle flow velocity is protected
It holds in 0.15 ~ 0.20m/s, opens third outlet valve, keep the second blender open state, observe or utilize high-speed camera
Record the change of fluid in test water tank.
Preferably, the Jetstream fluid in the step f is clear water or a concentration of 5 ‰ ~ 15 ‰ brine.
Preferably, containing a concentration of 2 ‰ ~ 5 ‰ nanometer trace particle in Jetstream fluid in the step f.
Preferably, combining particle image speed-measuring system to record test water tank in the step g（13）Interior nanometer tracer grain
The position of son and its flowing velocity.
Preferably, the nanometer trace particle is granules of polystyrene, aluminium powder or fluorescent particles.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
1. hydrothermal solution plume simulator of the present invention is simple in structure, easy to use, simulation works well.
2. what hydrothermal solution plume simulated experiment middle level bore water body is prepared as one of committed step, the present invention it is identical using size and
The water tank being positioned in same level holds water tank as brine and clear water, by the water discharge speed for rationally controlling two water tanks
And speed is stirred and evenly mixed, ideal layer can be prepared within a short period of time and bears water body, and experimental period is greatly saved.
3. the present invention substitutes in seabed with the liquid of the environment salinity stratification of thermal stratification, simulated sea bottom fluid density point
The environment of layer is substituted from the bottom up under the premise of meeting Froude number Dynamic Similar Laws with Jetstream fluid from top to bottom
The submarine hydrothermal solution of injection, can more truly with magnetic drive pump and flowmeter coutroi velocity with the momentum of gravity simulation upper up-flow
Simulated sea bottom hydrothermal solution plume phenomenon.
4. nanometer trace particle is added in the present invention in Jetstream fluid, with particle image speed-measuring system（PIV）Deng combination,
So that the accuracy higher of laboratory hydrothermal solution plume simulated experiment the data obtained, research contents range are wider.
5. the bore of the jet port of fluid jet nozzle is set as 5 ~ 7mm so that fluid can effectively meet Froude number dynamic similarity
Criterion.
6. be equipped with blender in clear water water tank and Jetstream fluid Water-storage tank, accelerate fluid mixing velocity, when saving
Between.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is schematic structural view of the invention；
Fig. 2 is sectional view along A-A in Fig. 1 of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is B-B direction sectional view in Fig. 1 of the present invention.
Wherein, 11 be salt water tank；12 be clear water water tank；13 be test water tank；14 be Jetstream fluid Water-storage tank；21 are
First flowmeter；22 be second flowmeter；31 be the first magnetic drive pump；32 be the second magnetic drive pump；33 be third magnetic drive pump；41 be
One blender；42 be the second blender；51 be the first flowing water Valve；52 be the second flowing water Valve；53 be inlet valve；54 be
Three outlet valves；6 be fluid jet nozzle；7 be into head piece；8 be fluid jet nozzle pedestal；9 be jet port.
Specific implementation mode
The specific embodiment of the invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, hydrothermal solution plume simulator of the present invention, including salt water tank 11, clear water water tank 12, test water tank
13, Jetstream fluid Water-storage tank 14 and fluid jet nozzle 6, wherein salt water tank 11 are identical with 12 size of clear water water tank and are located next to put
It is placed in same level, the lower part of salt water tank 11 is equipped with the first flowing water Valve 51, and 12 middle part of clear water water tank is equipped with inlet valve
Door 53, the first flowing water Valve 51, the first magnetic drive pump, first flowmeter 21 and inlet valve 53 are sequentially connected by water pipe, to
Salt water tank 11 is connected to clear water water tank 12.12 lower part of clear water water tank is equipped with the second flowing water Valve 52, one end of water pipe and the
Two flowing water Valves 52 are connected, the other end be sequentially ingressed into access test water tank 13 after second flowmeter 22 and the second magnetic drive pump 32 into
The mouth of a river.Salt water tank 11, clear water water tank 12, test water tank 13 and 14 upper cover of Jetstream fluid Water-storage tank are poly (methyl methacrylate) plate,
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the first blender 41 is fixed at 12 upper cover middle position of clear water water tank, the second stirring by screw
Device 42 is fixed at 14 upper cover middle position of Jetstream fluid Water-storage tank by screw.As shown in figures 1 and 3, test water tank
Be fixedly installed fluid jet nozzle pedestal 8 on 13 upper lid, the fluid jet nozzle pedestal 8 by about 5mm thickness cast iron plate and larger diameter
Plastic tube be made, plastic tube surrounding makes a call to a screw hole every 90 °, and fluid jet nozzle 6 includes into head piece 7, jet port 9 and nozzle master
Fluid jet nozzle 6 is inserted into the plastic tube of fluid jet nozzle pedestal 8, is fixed with screw by body portion.The injection of fluid jet nozzle 6
The bore of mouth 9 is 5 ~ 7mm, keeps jet port 9 perpendicular to the liquid level of test water tank 13 during use, fluid jet nozzle 6 becomes a mandarin
Mouth 7 accesses the third outlet valve 54 being arranged in 14 lower part of Jetstream fluid Water-storage tank after accessing third magnetic drive pump 33 by water pipe.
Salt water tank 11 of the present invention, the top of clear water water tank 12 and Jetstream fluid Water-storage tank 14 or upper lid are equipped with water filling port, and
First flowmeter 21 and second flowmeter 22 of the present invention are all made of mechanical meters.
Correspondingly, using hydrothermal solution plume simulator of the present invention carry out hydrothermal solution plume simulated experiment method include mainly with
Lower step：Whether the running for first checking for hydrothermal solution plume simulator is normal, prepares to prepare brine used in simulated experiment；Again toward salt
The brine that implantation concentration is 90 ‰ ~ 120 ‰ in water tank 11 injects tap water or distilled water so that most toward clear water water tank 12
Two Water in Water Tanks positions are equal after whole water filling；The velocity ratio of first flowmeter 21 and second flowmeter 22 is set as 1: 2；So
The first blender 41 is first opened afterwards, then opens the first flowing water Valve 51, the second flowing water Valve 52 and inlet valve 53 successively, is opened
First magnetic drive pump 31 and the second magnetic drive pump 32, start to prepare layer and bear water body；Liquid level submerged jet nozzle 6 in water tank 13 to be tested
The about 2mm of jet port 9 when, close the first blender 41, the first flowing water Valve 51, the second flowing water Valve 52 and inlet valve successively
53, close the first magnetic drive pump 31 and the second magnetic drive pump 32；Make the static about 30min of the water body of test water tank 13；Wait for test water tank
In 13 water body quiescing process, the nanometers tracer grains such as 3 ‰ granules of polystyrene, aluminium powder or fluorescent particles will be contained needed for experiment
Injection Jetstream fluid Water-storage tank 14, opens the second blender 42 in the tap water of son, starts mixing jet fluid, following
Experimentation in be always maintained at the second blender 42 be open state；It waits for Jetstream fluid after mixing, opens third magnetic force
Pump 33 simultaneously sets its flow so that 6 flow velocity of efflux nozzle is maintained within the scope of 0.15 ~ 0.20m/s, opens third after setting completed
Outlet valve 54 makes Jetstream fluid pass through water pipe with after jet port 9, and the layer injected in test water tank 13 is born water in body, utilizes particle
Image speed measurement system（PIV）Record the position data of nanometer trace particle in fluid in test water tank 13.To obtained experimental data
Subsequent processing is carried out, to analyze and research to the physical property for the hydrothermal solution plume simulated.
The preparation that layer bears water body is one of the committed step of hydrothermal solution plume simulated experiment, to illustrate the invention hydrothermal solution plume mould
Quasi- device prepares the good result that layer bears water body, and the present invention has carried out 5 groups of experiments, by the purity of used salt, mechanical flow
The reasons such as the control accuracy of meter cause 5 groups of experiment conditions not exactly the same, but the initial concentration of the used brine of five groups of experiments
Range is held between 98 ‰ ~ 112 ‰, and the velocity ratio of first flowmeter 21 and second flowmeter 22 is held in 1:1.75~
1:Between 2.1.The salinity of different water depth in 5 groups of experiments is measured with carrying out respectively, and to the salinity of measured different water depth
Value has carried out linear fit, and the results are shown in Table 1.Wherein, related coefficient has characterized the degree of agreement with the linear equation of fitting,
Related coefficient indicates that the goodness of fit is higher closer to 1.As shown in Table 1, the related coefficient of 5 groups of experiments connects very much 0.97 or more
Nearly 1, illustrate that the concentration gradient that body is born water using the layer obtained by apparatus of the present invention is substantially linear, layer of the present invention bears water the system of body
Standby effect is very reliable.
Distribution of the salinity and fit solution are surveyed in 15 groups of experiments of table
Claims (8)
1. hydrothermal solution plume simulator, it is characterised in that including salt water tank（11）, clear water water tank（12）, test water tank（13）,
Jetstream fluid Water-storage tank（14）And fluid jet nozzle（6）, the salt water tank（11）With clear water water tank（12）Size is identical and puts
It is placed in same level, the salt water tank（11）Lower part is equipped with the first flowing water Valve（51）, first flowing water Valve（51）
It is sequentially ingressed into the first magnetic drive pump by water pipe（31）And first flowmeter（21）Clear water water tank is accessed afterwards（12）Inlet valve
（53）；The clear water water tank（12）Inside it is provided with the first blender（41）, the clear water water tank（12）Lower part is equipped with the second outlet valve
Door（52）, second flowing water Valve（52）It is sequentially ingressed into second flowmeter by water pipe（22）With the second magnetic drive pump（32）After access
Test water tank（13）；The fluid jet nozzle（6）It is fixed on test water tank（13）Fluid jet nozzle pedestal set by upper cover（8）It is interior,
Fluid jet nozzle（6）Enter head piece（7）Third magnetic drive pump is accessed by water pipe（33）Access is arranged in Jetstream fluid Water-storage tank afterwards
（14）The third outlet valve of lower part（54）；The Jetstream fluid Water-storage tank（14）Inside it is provided with the second blender（42）, described
First flowmeter（21）And second flowmeter（22）It is mechanical meters.
2. hydrothermal solution plume simulator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the fluid jet nozzle（6）Jet port
（9）Bore be 5~7mm.
3. hydrothermal solution plume simulator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the salt water tank（11）, clear water water tank
（12）, test water tank（13）With Jetstream fluid Water-storage tank（14）Upper cover is poly (methyl methacrylate) plate, first blender（41）
It is fixed at clear water water tank by screw（12）Upper cover middle position, second blender（42）It is fixedly installed by screw
In Jetstream fluid Water-storage tank（14）Upper cover middle position.
4. utilizing the method for hydrothermal solution plume simulator simulation hydrothermal solution plume described in claim 1, it is characterised in that including with
Lower step：
A. toward salt water tank（11）The brine that middle implantation concentration is 90 ‰~120 ‰, toward clear water water tank（12）Injected clear water, and protect
It is equal to hold two Water in Water Tanks positions；
B. first flowmeter（21）And second flowmeter（22）Velocity ratio be set as 1:1.5~1:2.5；
C. the first blender is opened successively（41）, the first flowing water Valve（51）, the second flowing water Valve（52）And inlet valve（53）,
Open the first magnetic drive pump（31）With the second magnetic drive pump（32）, start to prepare layer and bear water body；
D. water tank to be tested（13）Interior liquid level submerged jet nozzle（6）Jet port（9）When 1.5~2.5mm, is closed successively
One blender, the first flowing water Valve（51）, the second flowing water Valve（52）And inlet valve（53）, close the first magnetic drive pump（31）With
Second magnetic drive pump（32）；
E. make test water tank（13）In the static 20~50min of water body；
F. required Jetstream fluid is injected into Jetstream fluid Water-storage tank（14）, open the second blender（42）, start mixing and penetrate
Flow fluid；
G. it waits for Jetstream fluid after mixing, opens third magnetic drive pump（33）And set its flow so that fluid jet nozzle（6）Flow velocity
It is maintained at 0.15~0.20m/s, opens third outlet valve（54）, keep the second blender（42）Open state, observation or profit
Test water tank is recorded with high-speed camera（13）The motion change process of interior fluid.
5. the method for simulation hydrothermal solution plume according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the Jetstream fluid in the step f is
Clear water or a concentration of 5 ‰~15 ‰ brine.
6. the method for simulation hydrothermal solution plume according to claim 4, it is characterised in that in the Jetstream fluid in the step f
Contain a concentration of 2 ‰~5 ‰ nanometer trace particle.
7. the method for simulation hydrothermal solution plume according to claim 6, it is characterised in that combine particle picture in the step g
Velocity-measuring system records test water tank（13）The position of interior nanometer trace particle and its flowing velocity.
8. the method for simulation hydrothermal solution plume according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the nanometer trace particle is polyphenyl
Ethylene particle, aluminium powder or fluorescent particles.
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| CN106706263B (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2019-02-05 | 浙江大学 | A kind of submarine hydrothermal solution eruption simulator with observing function |
| CN107422032B (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2018-06-15 | 国家海洋局第二海洋研究所 | A kind of submarine hydrothermal solution plume acoustics imaging simulator and method |
| CN109612682A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-04-12 | 上海理工大学 | A kind of jet stream movement measuring device in scaled model based on PIV |
| CN110702369A (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2020-01-17 | 浙江大学 | Hydrothermal plume simulation generating device |
| CN110879218A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-03-13 | 中国船舶工业系统工程研究院 | Underwater thermal jet buoyancy lift measuring device |
| CN111638035B (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2021-04-09 | 河海大学 | Buoyancy jet simulation device and method in internal solitary wave environment |
| CN114062487B (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2023-12-12 | 自然资源部第二海洋研究所 | Submarine hydrothermal plume acoustic detection simulation device and method |
| CN114894438B (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2023-07-21 | 上海交通大学 | Experimental device for simulating particle suspension plume emission |
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| CN101476973B (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2010-06-23 | 中国科学技术大学 | Flue gas plume movement simulated experiment apparatus in thermal stratification surroundings |
| CN101561343B (en) * | 2009-05-07 | 2010-12-08 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Natural ventilation salt-bath scaled model experimental device |
| CN102589835B (en) * | 2012-02-07 | 2014-09-17 | 上海理工大学 | Model experiment device for saline water doing horizontal jet movement under action of heat plume |
| CN103440810B (en) * | 2013-09-10 | 2016-04-13 | 同济大学建筑设计研究院(集团)有限公司 | For saline experiment simulation system and the using method of building ventilation smoke evacuation experiment |
| CN103900787B (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2016-04-27 | 上海理工大学 | The salt-bath scaled model experimental device of layering air-conditioning is returned in sending under simulation volumed space building |
| CN205843924U (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-12-28 | 浙江大学 | A kind of hydrothermal solution plume analog |
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