CN105965664B - A kind of prestressed pile 3D printing system and its application method - Google Patents

A kind of prestressed pile 3D printing system and its application method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105965664B
CN105965664B CN201610289723.7A CN201610289723A CN105965664B CN 105965664 B CN105965664 B CN 105965664B CN 201610289723 A CN201610289723 A CN 201610289723A CN 105965664 B CN105965664 B CN 105965664B
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pile
printing
unit
prestressed
mobile
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CN105965664A (en
Inventor
孔纲强
李辉
孟珍珠
彭怀风
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Hohai University HHU
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Hohai University HHU
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/001—Rapid manufacturing of 3D objects by additive depositing, agglomerating or laminating of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
    • B28B13/0215—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo
    • B28B13/023—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo by using a feed box transferring the moulding material from a hopper to the moulding cavities
    • B28B13/0235—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo by using a feed box transferring the moulding material from a hopper to the moulding cavities the feed box being provided with agitating means, e.g. stirring vanes to avoid premature setting of the moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
    • B28B23/02—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/24—Prefabricated piles
    • E02D5/30—Prefabricated piles made of concrete or reinforced concrete or made of steel and concrete
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/58—Prestressed concrete piles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D2250/00—Production methods
    • E02D2250/0023—Cast, i.e. in situ or in a mold or other formwork
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D2250/00—Production methods
    • E02D2250/0046—Production methods using prestressing techniques

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of prestressed pile 3D printing system and its application method, including material supply device and printing equipment, printing mobile device and prefabricated pile mobile device, it can be designed according to live actual requirement of engineering and make the elongated whole stake of corresponding length, avoid the pile extension in work progress and cut the technical problems such as stake, it is ensured that overall stake long quality and load-carrying properties；Meanwhile overcome the problem of prestressed pile section form is single, conventional centrifugal legal system makees the smooth phenomenon of pile body section material is inconsistent present in prestressing pipe pile construction phenomenon, stake side wall；Bearing Behavior of Pile is not only increased, and 3D printing technique is adapted to pile foundation construction process.

Description

A kind of prestressed pile 3D printing system and its application method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of prefabricated pile manufacturing technology, more particularly to a kind of prestressed pile 3D printing system and its user Method, it is primarily adapted for use in the technical fields such as pile foundation engineering.
Background technology
Prestressed reinforced concrete stake because its bearing capacity of single pile it is high, it is firm in structure it is durable, not by underground water and moist change Influence, speed of application is fast, effect is high, short time limit and the advantages that can make various various sizes of sections and length on demand And it is widely used in pile foundation engineering.Prestressed reinforced concrete stake can be divided into two kinds of solid pile and pile tube.In order to facilitate making, Prestressing force solid pile makes square cross-section mostly, and pile for prestressed pipe is then made using centrifugal process.Prestressing force is made using centrifugal process Stake needs template, and requires that the cross section of stake is symmetric shape, limits the section form of pile body；By conditions of transportation Limitation, prestressed reinforced concrete stake is often produced as the pile section (6~12m) of regular length, and pile foundation is set during field application Meter depth is uncertain, and this allows for needing pile extension in work progress and cuts stake, can be serious if these technique construction wrongs Influence the supporting effect of prestressed reinforced concrete stake；Further, since the limitation of manufacture craft, the section form office of prestressed pile Be limited to it is square or circular, using centrifugal process make prestressed pile during, due to the motion of coarse-fine aggregate under the action of the centrifugal Distance is different, pile body section material can be caused inconsistent, so as to influence the supporting effect of prestressed pile；Meanwhile centrifugal process makes Prestressed pile its outer surface it is smooth, Pile Soil coefficient of friction is reduced to a certain extent, so as to influence its shaft resistance Power is, it is necessary to which the processing of the stake side in later stage makes a sidewall roughness.
Before the present invention, Patent No. ZL201310697608.X Chinese invention patent be " a kind of building beam 3D printing method ", disclose a kind of 3D printing building beam of combination cement-based material and its technical scheme of maintenance；Shen Please number for 201410345502.8 Chinese invention patent application it is " a kind of based on the reinforced concrete structure of 3D printing and structure construction side Method ", disclose a kind of assembled steel reinforced concrete structure and its construction method of a kind of 3D printing；Application No. 201410437818.X Chinese invention patent application " concrete shear wall structure and its construction method based on 3D printing ", disclose it is a kind of combine it is mixed The 3D printing shear wall structure and its construction method of solidifying soil material；The Chinese invention patent Shen of Application No. 201410437931.8 Please " a kind of 3D printing reinforced masonry shear wall structure and its construction method ", disclose a kind of 3D printing based on reinforcing bars building block and build Body shear wall structure and its construction method；Application No. 201410827859.X Chinese invention patent application " in 3D printing every Wall and its construction method ", disclose a kind of 3D printing internal partition wall and its construction method based on packing materials such as gypsum.But Existing technical scheme is both for building structure such as Structural Engineering central sill, walls, and there has been no the technical side for pile foundation engineering Case, more without the 3D printing technique scheme for prestressed pile.
Therefore, made for conventional prestressed pile, shortcomings and deficiencies present in transport and work progress, with reference to 3D printing Technology, develop a kind of technical method of job site printing prestressed pile and be particularly important.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention：In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, propose a kind of prestressed pile 3D printing system and its Application method, solve the prestressed pile pile body length printed in the prior art and the long inconsistent, prestressed pile of actual design stake The problem of section material caused by section form is single, centrifugal process makes prestressed pile is inconsistent low with skin-friction coefficient, Job site, by 3D printing technique, makes the prestressed pile of corresponding length, solved conventional pre- according to designing pile length is actually needed Existing pile extension and section stake problem during stress pile driving construction, the prestressed pile or expanding of multiple section form can be made, such as Square pile, circular stake, pile tube, X-shaped stake, wedge pile, Screw Pile, bamboo joint pile and support disk pile etc., overcome and are caused by centrifugation law technology Section material it is inconsistent the problem of, coarse stake side wall can effectively improve pile side friction.
Technical scheme：To achieve the above object, prestressed pile 3D printing system of the invention, including：Material supply device With printing equipment, printing mobile device and prefabricated pile mobile device；Control device fills with the material supply device, printing respectively Put, print mobile device and be connected with prefabricated pile mobile device；The material supply device includes material pond and conveying pipeline, described to beat Printing equipment is put including storing unit, print unit and solidification unit, and storing unit is connected by conveying pipeline with material pond, print unit with Solidification unit be arranged on storing unit lower section and can in the vertical direction freely stretch；The printing mobile device includes support Frame and Y-direction slide rail, support frame include vertical supports and horizontal support, and vertical supports are fixed on ground, and horizontal support passes through movement Unit is connected with vertical supports, is connected between Y-direction slide rail and horizontal support by mobile unit, and the storing unit passes through Mobile unit is connected with Y-direction slide rail；The prefabricated pile mobile device includes mobile wooden handcart, and it is single to be provided with propulsion on mobile wooden handcart Member provides power for it, and the upper surface of mobile wooden handcart is additionally provided with two chucks, steel reinforcement cage is provided between two chucks.
Wherein, the steel reinforcement cage includes nonprestressed reinforcement and stirrup, outer surface of the stirrup as steel reinforcement cage, its shape Shape determines the cross sectional shape of steel reinforcement cage, and several nonprestressed reinforcements are set in qually spaced in the inner surface of stirrup, in stirrup institute Preformed hole is also regularly provided with the region of encirclement.
Wherein, the stirrup is circular, square or X-shaped.
Wherein, the mobile wooden handcart is moved by track roller on ground guide.
Wherein, agitating unit is provided with material pond, shurry pump, the inside of the storing unit are provided with the conveying pipeline It is provided with heating unit.
Wherein, print unit is L-shaped, and using steel reinforcement cage institute's placement direction as horizontal direction, then print unit can be in vertical side Freely stretch upwards, its printing head is horizontally disposed with to realize the horizontal to injection of printed material.
Correspondingly, the present invention also provides a kind of application method of above-mentioned prestressed pile 3D printing system, comprises the following steps：
(1) three-dimensional modeling：Using the three-dimensional stereo model of 3D modeling Software on Drawing prestressed pile, model includes prestressed pile Shape, section form and size；
(2) material prepares：Slurry is fitted into material pond, printed material is stirred to obtain cement-based grout；According to pre- The length and cross sectional shape size of stress stake, the corresponding steel reinforcement cage of colligation, and steel reinforcement cage is fixed on chuck；
(3) 3D printing work progress：Cement-based grout is delivered in storing unit, and ensures that slurry temperature is maintained at 30 ~50 DEG C；
According to the prestressed pile three-dimensional stereo model drawn in 3D modeling software, prestressed pile three-dimensional stereo model is divided For multiple vertical cross-section layers, for each vertical cross-section layer, storing unit conveys cement based sizing, printing to print unit Cement base slurry level is needed the position that prints to being ejected into by shower nozzle, and solidification unit promotes slurry to solidify to form concrete layer, Layering carries out printing until the printing of whole pile is completed；
(4) maintenance shaping：After the completion of printing, under the conditions of standard curing, 28~30d of maintenance is carried out to prestressing force pile body；
(5) prestressing force is applied：After pile body concrete reaches age and its intensity, pre- answer is put into the preformed hole in pile body Power reinforcing bar simultaneously applies prestressing force to it, completes the making construction of 3D printing prestressed pile.
Wherein, the printing in step (3) for each vertical cross-section layer, using steel reinforcement cage institute's placement direction as X-direction, with Vertical direction is Z-direction, as Y-direction, to comprise the following steps perpendicular to the direction of X-direction and Z-direction：
Control device sends the relative position of the mobile wooden handcart of instruction adjustment and printing equipment, positioning to prefabricated pile mobile device Print unit makes its printing head be directed at the original position of vertical cross-section layer to be printed in the X direction；
Control device controls printing equipment to realize the printing head of print unit moving freely in the Y direction along Y-direction slide rail；
Control horizontal support moves up and down and print unit is flexible up and down, realizes printing head freely moving in Z-direction It is dynamic；
The moving left and right of the mobile wooden handcart of control realizes that printing head in the X direction relative moves freely.
Beneficial effect：The prestressed pile 3D printing system and its application method of the present invention, can be according to live Practical Project Need to design and make the prestressed pile of corresponding length, so as to form whole stake, avoid the pile extension in work progress and cut stake etc. Technical problem, it is ensured that the quality and load-carrying properties of overall stake；3D printing makes prestressed pile, can design pile body as needed and cut Face and stake side degree of roughness, then directly print pile, it is not necessary to template and centrifugation, overcome prestressed pile section form list First, stake side wall is smooth, conventional centrifugal legal system makees the inconsistent phenomenon of pile body section material present in prestressed pile construction, so as to Improve the pile quality and stake side roughness (improving pile side friction) of pile for prestressed pipe；Existing 3D printing building beam The cement-based material component such as structure, reinforced concrete wall and reinforced masonry shear wall, due to not applying prestressing force, component holds Easily damage in transit or in construction hammering, so as to not be suitable in pile foundation engineering, the present invention not only by 3D printing component, And be put into deformed bar in the preformed hole of component and apply prestressing force, Bearing Behavior of Pile is not only increased, and make it It is adapted to pile foundation construction process.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of prestressed pile 3D printing system in the present invention；
Fig. 2 is prestressed pile cross-sectional form structural representation of the present invention, and Fig. 2 (a) is the cross section of pile tube, and Fig. 2 (b) is The cross section of square pile, Fig. 2 (c) are the cross section of X-shaped stake；
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of prestressed pile 3D printing system application method in Fig. 1；
Wherein, 1 is control device, and 2 be data wire, and 3 be vertical supports, and 4 be horizontal support, and 5 be mobile unit, and 6 be Y-direction Slide rail, 7 be storing unit, and 8 be heating unit, and 9 be print unit, and 10 be solidification unit, and 11 be mobile wooden handcart, and 12 be chuck, 13 be ground guide, and 14 be steel reinforcement cage, and 15 be material pond, and 16 be agitating unit, and 17 be shurry pump, and 18 be conveying pipeline, and 19 be reserved Hole, 20 be nonprestressed reinforcement, and 21 be stirrup, and 22 be pile tube section, and 23 be square pile section, and 24 be X-shaped stake section.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described with reference to embodiment.
Embodiment 1：
Prestressed pile 3D printing system in Fig. 1, including：Control device 1, space displacement device, material supply device and Printing equipment；Control device 1 uses computer, by data wire 2 respectively with space displacement device, material supply device and printing Device is connected, and space displacement device includes printing mobile device and prefabricated pile mobile device；Material supply device includes material pond 15 and conveying pipeline 18, agitating unit 16 is provided with material pond 15, and shurry pump 17 is provided with conveying pipeline 18；Printing equipment includes storage Material unit 7, print unit 9 and solidification unit 10, storing unit 7 are connected by conveying pipeline 18 with material pond 15, and it is internally provided with Heating unit 8, print unit 9 and solidification unit 10 are arranged on the lower section of storing unit 7；Print mobile device include support frame and Y-direction slide rail 6, support frame include vertical supports 3 and horizontal support 4, and vertical supports 3 are fixed on ground, horizontal support 4 by can on The mobile unit 5 of lower movement is connected with vertical supports 3, is connected between Y-direction slide rail 6 and horizontal support 4 by mobile unit 5 Connect, storing unit 7 is connected by mobile unit 5 with Y-direction slide rail 6；Prefabricated pile mobile device includes ground guide 13 and movement Wooden handcart 11, ground guide 13 are fixed on ground, and mobile wooden handcart 11 is connected by track roller with ground guide 13, mobile wooden handcart 11 On to be provided with propulsion unit be that mobile wooden handcart 11 provides power, be additionally provided with two chucks 12 on mobile wooden handcart 11, chuck 12 can Any position on mobile wooden handcart 11 is freely fixed on by screw, steel reinforcement cage 14 is provided between two chucks 12；Such as Fig. 2 institutes Show, steel reinforcement cage 14 includes nonprestressed reinforcement 20 and stirrup 21, outer surface of the stirrup 21 as steel reinforcement cage 14, and its shape determines The cross sectional shape of steel reinforcement cage 14, the cross section of printed prestressed pile is further determined, several nonprestressed reinforcements 20 The inner surface of stirrup 21 is set in qually spaced in, preformed hole 19 is also regularly provided with the area encompassed of stirrup 21；Stirrup 21 can be the circle as shown in Fig. 2 (a), and the prestressed pile printed is pile tube, and its pile tube section 22 is annular, non-prestressed The 19 rounded distribution of reinforcing bar 20 and preformed hole；Stirrup 21 can also be square as shown in Fig. 2 (b), the prestressed pile printed For square pile, its square pile section 23 is square, and nonprestressed reinforcement 20 and preformed hole 19 are square distribution；Stirrup 21 can also be such as X-shaped shown in Fig. 2 (c), the prestressed pile printed are X-shaped stake, and its X-shaped stake section 24 is X-shaped, nonprestressed reinforcement 20 and pre- Box out 21 rounded distributions.
The shape of stirrup 21 can be set according to the prestressed pile printed, and the section form of prestressed pile can be circle Shape, square, X-shaped or Y shape, can also be pile tube, wedge pile, bamboo joint pile or support disk pile, its pile body outer surface is coarse, its long Determined according to Site Design pile body length；Cross sectional dimensions can be：The circular a diameter of 300~500mm of stake；The barrette length of side is 300~500mm；X-shaped or the outsourcing circular diameter of Y shape stake are 300~500mm, open arc angle is 90~120 °；Pile tube external diameter is 800~1200mm, internal diameter are 680~1050mm, and thickness of pipe wall is 120~150mm；The upper diameter of wedge pile be 300~ 500mm, lower diameter are 200~400mm；A diameter of 700~the 900mm of ring or branch of bamboo joint pile or support disk pile.Prestressing force The material of stake is strong concrete.
Above-mentioned vertical supports 3 and horizontal support 4, its making material are steel or other metal materials, and size is according to printing The size of stake determines, a length of 3~4m, a width of 2~3m, is highly 1.5~2.5m；Above-mentioned Y-direction slide rail 6, its making material are steel Material or other metal materials, it is shaped as linearly, size is identical with the horizontal support of support frame.
Above-mentioned mobile wooden handcart 11, it is spliced by multiple small-sized wooden handcarts, the length of each small-sized wooden handcart is 2~3m, width For 1.5~2.5m, material is steel, and the length of mobile wooden handcart 11 can be according to pile body design length free splicing；Lead on above-mentioned ground Rail 13, its material are steel, 43~60kg/m of its model；Above-mentioned propulsion unit, can be drive motor or stepper motor Or the motor of other forms, its power are 500~700W；Above-mentioned chuck 12, its shape is according to printing pile cages 14 Cross sectional shape determines, is the circular or 400~600mm of the length of side square of 400~600mm of diameter.
Above-mentioned material pond 15, its internal agitating unit 16 set, is uninterruptedly stirred during the printing of stake, ensures glue The mobility of material is tied, mixing speed is 360~720r/min, a diameter of 300~500mm of the charging aperture of material pond 15, conveying mouth A diameter of 150~250mm, material are strong concrete；Agitating unit 16 includes motor, puddler and stirring-head, drives The power of dynamic motor is 100~300W；Above-mentioned shurry pump 17, its discharging opening and charging aperture shape and size are true according to actual conditions It is fixed, can be circular or ellipse, aperture is 150~250mm；Above-mentioned conveying pipeline 18, its material are flexible plastic pipe, its diameter Determined according to material pond conveying mouth diameter, be 20~30mm.
Above-mentioned storing unit 7, for the cuboid cavity containing venthole, its size sprays speed and shurry pump according to slurry Input slurry speed to determine, its a length of 500~1000mm, a width of 400~800mm, be highly 400~800mm；Above-mentioned heating list Member 8, is mainly heated to the slurry in storing unit 7, and its temperature controlling range is 30~50 DEG C；Above-mentioned print unit 9 is L Shape, including high-pressure injection part and printing head, printing head are circular or flat；Above-mentioned solidification unit 10, is burnt using laser Knot or other rapid condensation modes are condensed.
Embodiment 2：
With reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the prestressed pile 3D printing system printing prestressed pile in embodiment 1 is introduced in the present embodiment Method, comprise the following steps：
(1) 3D printing system is installed：First, according to design requirement, a length of 3~4m, a width of 2~3m is made, is highly 1.5 ~2.5m support frame, horizontal support 4 and the vertical supports 3 of support frame are connected with each other by mobile device；Y-direction slide rail 6 is led to Cross mobile device to be connected on horizontal support 4, and storage device 7 is connected to 6 on Y-direction slide rail by mobile device；In storing Installation heater 8 in device 7, and print unit 9 and solidification unit 10 are mounted side by side thereunder；Connect material pond 15, stirring Device 16, conveying pipeline 18, shurry pump 17 and the constituent material supply system of storage device 7；It is long by movement according to actual design stake Wooden handcart 11 is spliced to corresponding length, and chuck 12 is fixed on the mobile appropriate location of wooden handcart 11；Will finally by data wire Computer and mobile device, agitating device 16, shurry pump 17, heater 8, print unit 9, solidification unit 10 and movable plate Car 11 is connected.
(2) three-dimensional modeling：Using the 3D modeling software such as AutoCAD, 3Dmax, ProE, UG or Solidworks, draw pre- The three-dimensional stereo model of stress stake, model include shape, size and the section form of prestressed pile；Can be it is circular, square, X-shaped or Y shape, can also be pile tube, wedge pile, bamboo joint pile or support disk pile, its pile body outer surface is coarse, and it is long to set according to scene Pile body length is counted to determine；Cross sectional dimensions can be：The circular a diameter of 300~500mm of stake；The barrette length of side be 300~ 500mm；X-shaped or the outsourcing circular diameter of Y shape stake are 300~500mm, open arc angle is 90~120 °；Pile tube external diameter be 800~ 1200mm, internal diameter are 680~1050mm, and thickness of pipe wall is 120~150mm；The upper diameter of wedge pile is 300~500mm, bottom A diameter of 200~400mm；A diameter of 700~the 900mm of ring or branch of bamboo joint pile or support disk pile；(the present embodiment is to take all of outside Diameter 400mm, the X-shaped stake that open arc angle is 90 °).
(3) material prepares：Cement, stone etc. are fitted into material pond by design proportion respectively, open the stirring in material pond 15 Unit 16, the speed of agitating unit 16 is adjusted to 360~720r/min, material is stirred to obtain cement-based grout；Root According to the length and cross sectional shape size of prestressed pile, the corresponding steel reinforcement cage 14 of colligation；
(4) 3D printing work progress：Shurry pump 17 and heating unit 8 are opened, cement-based grout is delivered to storing list In member 7, and ensure that slurry temperature is maintained at 30~50 DEG C；According to the prestressed pile 3 D stereo mould drawn in 3D modeling software Type, prestressed pile three-dimensional stereo model is divided into multiple vertical cross-section layers, layering is printed, as shown in Figure 1 printing Two good cross-sectional layers and the cross-sectional layer printed；
The relative position of the mobile wooden handcart 11 of adjustment and printing equipment so that print unit 9, which is accurately located at, needs what is printed On position, i.e., the original position of vertical cross-section to be printed；
After the completion of positioning, storing unit 7 conveys cement based sizing to print unit 9, and the printing head of print unit 9 is by water Mud based sizing level needs the position that prints to being ejected into, and solidification unit 10 promotes slurry quick solidification, forms concrete layer；
For each vertical cross-section layer, print unit 9 changes print position in the following way in print procedure：Control Device 1 sends a command to space displacement device, and printing head freely moving in the Y direction is realized along Y-direction slide rail 6 by printing equipment It is dynamic；By moving up and down for horizontal support 4 printing head moving freely in Z-direction is realized with the flexible of print unit 9；By moving The moving left and right of wooden handcart 11 realizes that printing head in the X direction relative moves freely, so as to realize that printing head is accurately positioned Need print position；One layer is often printed, controlling mobile wooden handcart 11 to move Δ X distances in X direction, (Δ X is equal to each cross section Width), be 5~10cm, make the next cross-section surface layer of print unit face, realize the printing of the cross-section surface layer；The like, Repeat the above steps and printed, until the printing of whole pile is completed；
(5) maintenance shaping：After the completion of printing, under the conditions of standard curing, 28~30d of maintenance is carried out to prestressing force pile body；
(6) prestressing force is applied：After pile body concrete reaches age and its intensity, it is put into pile body in preformed hole 19 pre- Stress reinforcing bar simultaneously applies prestressing force to it, obtains outsourcing circular diameter 400mm, the X-shaped stake that open arc angle is 90 °, completes 3D printing The making construction of prestressed pile.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention described in detail above, still, the present invention are not limited in above-mentioned embodiment Detail, in the range of the technology design of the present invention, a variety of equivalents can be carried out to technical scheme, this A little equivalents belong to protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

  1. A kind of 1. prestressed pile 3D printing system, it is characterised in that including：Control device（1）, material supply device and printing dress Put, print mobile device and prefabricated pile mobile device；Control device（1）Respectively with the material supply device, printing equipment, beat Print mobile device is connected with prefabricated pile mobile device；The material supply device includes material pond（15）And conveying pipeline（18）, institute Stating printing equipment includes storing unit（7）, print unit（9）With solidification unit（10）, storing unit（7）Pass through conveying pipeline（18） With material pond（15）Connection, print unit（9）With solidification unit（10）It is arranged on storing unit（7）Lower section；The printing movement Device includes support frame and Y-direction slide rail（6）, support frame includes vertical supports（3）And horizontal support（4）, vertical supports（3）It is fixed On ground, horizontal support（4）Pass through mobile unit（5）With vertical supports（3）It is connected, Y-direction slide rail（6）With horizontal support（4） Between pass through mobile unit（5）It is connected, the storing unit（7）Pass through mobile unit（5）With Y-direction slide rail（6）It is connected；Institute Stating prefabricated pile mobile device includes mobile wooden handcart（11）, mobile wooden handcart（11）On be provided with propulsion unit and provide power for it, move Dynamic wooden handcart（11）Upper surface be additionally provided with two chucks（12）, two chucks（12）Between be provided with steel reinforcement cage（14）.
  2. 2. prestressed pile 3D printing system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the steel reinforcement cage（14）Including non-pre- Stress reinforcing bar（20）And stirrup（21）, the stirrup（21）As steel reinforcement cage（14）Outer surface, its shape determines steel reinforcement cage （14）Cross sectional shape, several nonprestressed reinforcements（20）It is set in qually spaced in stirrup（21）Inner surface, in stirrup（21） Preformed hole is also regularly provided with area encompassed（19）.
  3. 3. prestressed pile 3D printing system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the stirrup（21）For circular, side Shape or X-shaped.
  4. 4. prestressed pile 3D printing system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the mobile wooden handcart（11）Pass through rail Road roller is in ground guide（13）Upper movement.
  5. 5. prestressed pile 3D printing system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that material pond（15）It is single to be inside provided with stirring Member（16）, the conveying pipeline（18）On be provided with shurry pump（17）, the storing unit（7）Be internally provided with heating unit （8）.
  6. 6. prestressed pile 3D printing system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that print unit（9）For L-shaped, with steel Muscle cage（14）Institute's placement direction is horizontal direction, then print unit（9）Can in the vertical direction freely stretch, its printing head water It is flat to set to realize the horizontal to injection of printed material.
  7. 7. the application method of the prestressed pile 3D printing system described in a kind of claim 1, it is characterised in that including following step Suddenly：
    （1）Three-dimensional modeling：Using the three-dimensional stereo model of 3D modeling Software on Drawing prestressed pile, model includes the shape of prestressed pile Shape, section form and size；
    （2）Material prepares：Slurry is loaded into material pond（15）In, printed material is stirred to obtain cement-based grout；According to pre- The length and cross sectional shape size of stress stake, the corresponding steel reinforcement cage of colligation（14）, and by steel reinforcement cage（14）It is fixed on chuck （12）On；
    （3）3D printing work progress：
    Cement-based grout is delivered to storing unit（7）In, and ensure that slurry temperature is maintained at 30~50 DEG C；
    According to the prestressed pile three-dimensional stereo model drawn in 3D modeling software, prestressed pile three-dimensional stereo model is divided into more Individual vertical cross-section layer, for each vertical cross-section layer, storing unit（7）To print unit（9）Cement based sizing is conveyed, is beaten Cement base slurry level is needed the position that prints to being ejected into by print shower nozzle, solidifies unit（10）Slurry is promoted to solidify to form coagulation Soil layer, layering carries out printing until the printing of whole pile is completed；
    （4）Maintenance shaping：After the completion of printing, under the conditions of standard curing, 28~30d of maintenance is carried out to prestressing force pile body；
    （5）Apply prestressing force：After pile body concrete reaches age and its intensity, the preformed hole in pile body（19）In be put into it is pre- should Power reinforcing bar simultaneously applies prestressing force to it, completes the making construction of 3D printing prestressed pile.
  8. 8. application method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that with steel reinforcement cage（14）Institute's placement direction is X-direction, with Vertical direction is Z-direction, using perpendicular to the direction of X-direction and Z-direction as Y-direction, step（3）In for each vertical cross-section The printing of layer comprises the following steps：
    Control device（1）The mobile wooden handcart of instruction adjustment is sent to prefabricated pile mobile device（11）With the relative position of printing equipment, Positioning printing unit（9）Its printing head is set to be directed at the original position of vertical cross-section layer to be printed in the X direction；
    Control device（1）Control printing equipment realizes print unit along Y-direction slide rail（9）Printing head freely moving in the Y direction It is dynamic；
    Control horizontal support（4）Move up and down and print unit（9）It is flexible up and down, realize freedom of the printing head in Z-direction It is mobile；
    The mobile wooden handcart of control（11）Move left and right and realize that printing head in the X direction relative moves freely.
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CN106498934B (en) * 2016-12-07 2019-03-12 河海大学 Pile foundation site operation system and method based on 3D printing
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