CN105964229A - 一种多孔超疏水吸油磁性分离材料及制备方法 - Google Patents

一种多孔超疏水吸油磁性分离材料及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105964229A
CN105964229A CN201610259792.3A CN201610259792A CN105964229A CN 105964229 A CN105964229 A CN 105964229A CN 201610259792 A CN201610259792 A CN 201610259792A CN 105964229 A CN105964229 A CN 105964229A
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唐建设
曹梓楷
黄显怀
项丽
占霞飞
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Anhui Jianzhu University
Anhui University of Architecture
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/22Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
    • B01J20/26Synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • B01J20/265Synthetic macromolecular compounds modified or post-treated polymers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/285Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using synthetic organic sorbents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/288Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using composite sorbents, e.g. coated, impregnated, multi-layered
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/32Hydrocarbons, e.g. oil

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种多孔超疏水吸油磁性分离材料及制备方法,该材料由以下重量份含量的组分合成得到:10‑11份的道康宁SYLGARD 184硅橡胶、0‑25份的二甲苯、10‑15份的葡萄糖、20‑25份的蔗糖、1‑3份的磁性四氧化三铁纳米。本发明的磁性分离材料耐酸耐碱,具有一定耐高温能力,在pH值为3至10之间,温度在10至60之间仍具有较强吸油能力,是具有弹性的多孔材料,不易变形,具有较强磁力,在外加磁场的情况下可在油水面游动。

Description

一种多孔超疏水吸油磁性分离材料及制备方法
技术领域
本发明针对传统去油剂在污水处理中存在的诸如:去除效率低、可分离性差等不足,发明了一种用于制备新型油水分离材料的工艺方法。该法制备出的新型磁性多孔材料应用去除水中有机物时,具有去除效率高、可快速分离等优点。克服了传统去油剂存在的不足,为污水处理提供了一种新的解决方案。
背景技术
污水中存在的有机物主要漂浮在水液面上,形成油层,不易被分离。去油剂的作用主要是利用材料的疏水亲油性,将有机物吸附在去油剂表面。传统去油剂用于污水处理时,存在投加量过低时,处理效果不明显;投加量过高时又给油水分离带来麻烦的困扰。
发明内容
针对传统去油剂存在的上述技术问题,本发明旨在提供一种可以使得去油处理过程更加高效,可实现油水快速分离的多孔超疏水吸油磁性分离材料配方。这种材料不含任何有毒物质,无刺激性气味,不易变形,良好的耐高/低温性能及耐酸碱性能,去油速度快,回收便捷,可多次使用。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种多孔超疏水吸油磁性分离材料,其特征在于,该材料由以下重量份含量的组分合成得到:
10-11份的道康宁SYLGARD 184硅橡胶、0-25份的二甲苯、10-15份的葡萄糖、20-25份的蔗糖、1-3份的磁性四氧化三铁纳米。
一种多孔超疏水吸油磁性分离材料,所述的道康宁SYLGARD 184硅橡胶中包括基本组分与固化剂,所述的基本组分与固化剂的比例为9-10:0.8-1。
一种多孔超疏水吸油磁性分离材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
取上述道康宁SYLGARD 184硅橡胶,按照基本组分与固化剂的比例为9-10:0.8-1的比例混合,搅拌均匀,再依次加入二甲苯、葡萄糖、蔗糖、磁性四氧化三铁纳米,混合均匀后放入烘箱,调节烘箱温度为70-80℃,预热10-15min后取出,放在磁铁上顺磁10-15min,再放回烘箱中固化10-12h,出料冷却,即得。
本发明的优点是:
本发明的磁性分离材料耐酸耐碱,具有一定耐高温能力,在pH值为3至10之间,温度在10至60之间仍具有较强吸油能力,是具有弹性的多孔材料,不易变形,具有较强磁力,在外加磁场的情况下可在油水面游动;
本发明的材料主要应用于污水处理领域,克服了传统油水分离产品存在的回收不便、油水分离不完全等不足,最终产品的效果是:含磁多孔材料孔径率达到75-80%,吸收正己烷后体积膨胀率达到315%,吸油率可达235%,通过用正己烷模拟油水分离试验,不加磁性多孔材料时油面始终平铺在水面上,加入无孔PDMS时,5min后油面去除率达到63%;加入多孔PDMS和多孔磁性PDMS时5 min后,反应速率很快,去除率达到90%;用食用油模拟油水分离试验,不加磁性多孔材料时油面始终平铺在水面上,加入无孔PDMS时,50min后油面去除率达到60%;加入多孔PDMS和多孔磁性PDMS时5 min后,反应速率很快,去除率达到80%。
附图说明
图1为不同温度下吸收食用油效果监测数据变化。
具体实施方式
结合实例,说明该新型磁性超疏水吸油材料使用效果。
实例1
采用正己烷模拟污废水中的有机物,称取1.30g正己烷加入20ml蒸馏水中,称取0.46g成品磁性超疏水吸油多孔材料,加入到配置所得含有机物的溶液中,静置观察 ,混合反应5min后使用磁铁施加磁场,使得磁性材料在液面移动,吸附去除有机物,将磁性多孔材料捞起,测得剩余液体质量m1;称取0.46g不含磁性的多孔材料,加入到配置所得含有机物的溶液中,静置观察,混合反应5min后使用磁铁施加磁场,材料不发生移动,将不含磁性的多孔材料捞起,测得剩余液体质量m2
称取0.46g不含磁性的无孔材料,加入到配置所得含有机物的溶液中,静置观察。
混合反应5min后使用磁铁施加磁场,材料不发生移动,将不含磁性的无孔材料捞起,测得剩余液体质量m3
实例2
采用食用油模拟污废水中的有机物,称取1.60g食用油加入到20ml蒸馏水中。称取0.6g成品磁性多孔材料,加入到配置所得含有机物的溶液中,静置观察,混合反应50min后使用磁铁施加磁场,磁性多孔材料在液面上移动,将磁性材料取出,测得剩余液体质量m4;称取0.6g成品无磁性多孔材料,加入到配置所得含有机物的溶液中,静置观察,混合反应50min后使用磁铁施加磁场,无磁性多孔材料在液面上不移动,将无磁性材料取出,测得剩余液体质量m5;称取0.6g成品无磁性无孔材料,加入到配置所得含有机物的溶液中,静置观察,混合反应50min后使用磁铁施加磁场,无磁性无孔材料在液面上不移动,将无磁性材料取出,测得剩余液体质量m6
实例3
采用食用油模拟污废水中的有机物,称取1.60g食用油加入到20ml蒸馏水中。分别称取0.6g成品磁性多孔材料,无磁性多孔材料,无磁性无孔材料,加入到配置所得含有机物的溶液中,静置在10℃培养箱中观察,混合反应50min后将磁性材料取出,测得剩余液体质量m7、m8 、m9;分别称取0.6g成品磁性多孔材料,无磁性多孔材料,无磁性无孔材料,加入到配置所得含有机物的溶液中,静置在20℃培养箱中观察,混合反应50min后将磁性材料取出,测得剩余液体质量m10 、m11 、m12;分别称取0.6g成品磁性多孔。材料,无磁性多孔材料,无磁性无孔材料,加入到配置所得含有机物的溶液中,静置在30℃培养箱中观察,混合反应50min后将磁性材料取出,测得剩余液体质量m13 、m14、m15;分别称取0.6g成品磁性多孔材料,无磁性多孔材料,无磁性无孔材料,加入到配置所得含有机物的溶液中,静置在40℃培养箱中观察,混合反应50min后将磁性材料取出,测得剩余液体质量m16、m17、m18
表1为实例1吸收正己烷效果监测数据,表2为实例2吸收食用油效果监测数据,图1为实例3在不同温度下食用油去除率变化情况。由表1可以看出油水混合物去除量与孔径有关,含多孔结构的材料去除有机物的效率明显高于无孔材料,相对于无磁多孔材料,磁性多孔材料体积质量比较小,孔径率略低,但去除率相差不大,且磁性材料可以在液面移动,便于收集,回收利用。由表2可以看出,食用油的表面能大于正己烷,容易将多孔材料的孔径堵塞,故反应时间较长,但其去除率相对于无孔材料存在明显优势。图1呈现了在不同温度下,不同 材料去除率的变化情况显示出了一定的一致性,随着温度的增加,不同材料的食用油去除率在不断增加,40℃时达到最高,随后出现下降趋势。
表1实例1吸收正己烷效果监测数据
PDMS/g 蒸馏水/g 食用油/g 去除量/g 去除率
磁性多孔 0.46 20 1.3342 1.1075 83.01%
无磁多孔 0.46 20 1.3190 1.1850 89.84%
无磁无孔 0.46 20 1.2609 0.4880 38.70%
表2实例2吸收食用油效果监测数据
PDMS/g 蒸馏水/g 食用油/g 去除量/g 去除率
磁性多孔 0.60 20 1.5580 1.2141 77.92%
无磁多孔 0.60 20 1.6113 1.2877 79.72%
无磁无孔 0.60 20 1.6560 0.5453 32.93%

Claims (3)

1.一种多孔超疏水吸油磁性分离材料,其特征在于,该材料由以下重量份含量的组分合成得到:
10-11份的道康宁SYLGARD 184硅橡胶、0-25份的二甲苯、10-15份的葡萄糖、20-25份的蔗糖、1-3份的磁性四氧化三铁纳米。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种多孔超疏水吸油磁性分离材料,其特征在于所述的道康宁SYLGARD 184硅橡胶中包括基本组分与固化剂,所述的基本组分与固化剂的比例为9-10:0.8-1。
3.一种如权利要求1所述的多孔超疏水吸油磁性分离材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
取上述道康宁SYLGARD 184硅橡胶,按照基本组分与固化剂的比例为9-10:0.8-1的比例混合,搅拌均匀,再依次加入二甲苯、葡萄糖、蔗糖、磁性四氧化三铁纳米,混合均匀后放入烘箱,调节烘箱温度为70-80℃,预热10-15min后取出,放在磁铁上顺磁10-15min,再放回烘箱中固化10-12h,出料冷却,即得。
CN201610259792.3A 2016-04-21 2016-04-21 一种多孔超疏水吸油磁性分离材料及制备方法 Pending CN105964229A (zh)

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