CN105953075B - A kind of heavy oil long-distance delivery method - Google Patents

A kind of heavy oil long-distance delivery method Download PDF

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CN105953075B
CN105953075B CN201610312479.1A CN201610312479A CN105953075B CN 105953075 B CN105953075 B CN 105953075B CN 201610312479 A CN201610312479 A CN 201610312479A CN 105953075 B CN105953075 B CN 105953075B
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oil
blending
pipeline
heavy oil
pump
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CN105953075A (en
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韩冷
徐奇龙
尹小青
张铁男
李尧成
韩宪良
田国龙
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Chemchina Logistics Co Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17DPIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D1/00Pipe-line systems
    • F17D1/08Pipe-line systems for liquids or viscous products
    • F17D1/14Conveying liquids or viscous products by pumping
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17DPIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D1/00Pipe-line systems
    • F17D1/08Pipe-line systems for liquids or viscous products
    • F17D1/16Facilitating the conveyance of liquids or effecting the conveyance of viscous products by modification of their viscosity
    • F17D1/17Facilitating the conveyance of liquids or effecting the conveyance of viscous products by modification of their viscosity by mixing with another liquid, i.e. diluting

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of long-distance delivery methods of heavy oil, it is that heavy oil and low condensation point oil product blending are formed into tempered oil, reduce the kinematic viscosity and condensation point of heavy oil, the mass ratio of the heavy oil and low condensation point oil product is 1:0.6-3, heavy oil and low condensation point oil product are exported from storage tank respectively, it is input in blending pump by pipeline, is tentatively concocted respectively;Then it is input in pipe-line mixer by pipeline, carries out secondary blending;Then it is input in outer oil transfer pump by pipeline, is input in long distance pipeline by outer oil transfer pump, petroleum products blending is completed in long distance pipeline, finally entered to destination storage tank.The present invention realize heavy oil long-distance pipe blending it is cold defeated, equipment operating condition is steady in transmission process, and every key parameter values are normal.

Description

A kind of heavy oil long-distance delivery method
Technical field
The invention belongs to oil product conveying technology fields, and in particular to a kind of heavy oil passes through the means of blending, improves The relevant nature of heavy oil, and adjust conveying process flow realizes heavy oil in-line blending and long distance delivery Method.
Background technique
Heavy oil is a kind of sticky, oil product for easily solidifying, cannot directly carry out the cold conveying of pipeline.Currently, domestic, The mode of movement that outer heavy oil is generally taken is the defeated technique of heating pipe heat or tank car conveying.The defeated technique of heating pipe heat Refer to: heavy oil is heated and (generally use the method for heat exchanger heat exchange) extremely can with the temperature and condition of pipeline, then A kind of transmission process of destination is transported to using long distance pipeline, for apart from longer conveying, heavy oil may need Heating for multiple times.Tank car conveying refers to: in heavy oil reservoir area, heavy oil being loaded in specific vapour by entrucking form In recessing vehicle, after heavy oil is then carried to destination by automobile, then by way of unloading heavy oil is unloaded Toward specified reservoir area.
Existing two kinds of mode of movement all have unsurmountable defect, the ton oil of the hot defeated or tank car conveying of heating pipe Freight is very high, while the heating system in the defeated technique of heating pipe heat is completed using heating furnace burning fuel, this mistake Journey can consume a large amount of fuel, can generate certain tail gas, have a great impact to environment;Tank car transmission process fuel oil is inevitable There is certain evaporating loss, pollute the environment, while transporting tank car in the process of running, there is certain noise pollution, discharge Vehicle exhaust will cause atmosphere pollution etc..
Summary of the invention
The present invention is that freight in heavy oil transmission process is high, generates the technology of the pollutions such as air lacks in order to solve It falls into, provides a kind of long-distance delivery method of heavy oil, it is cold not only to realize the blending of heavy oil long-distance pipe It is defeated, guarantee that operating condition is steady in transmission process, every key parameter values are normal, and long distance delivery is not by seasonal temperature The influence of variation, while conveying can be interrupted.
A kind of long-distance delivery method of heavy oil is that heavy oil and low condensation point oil product (such as: crude oil) is mixed It mixes to form tempered oil, reduces the kinematic viscosity and condensation point of heavy oil, the quality of the heavy oil and low condensation point oil product Than for 1:0.6-3, heavy oil and low condensation point oil product are exported from storage tank respectively, blending pump is input to by pipeline respectively In, tentatively concocted;Then it is input in pipe-line mixer by pipeline, carries out secondary blending;Then it is inputted by pipeline Into outer oil transfer pump, it is input in long distance pipeline by outer oil transfer pump, petroleum products blending is completed in long distance pipeline, finally entered Destination storage tank.
In order to ensure the pour point of Blend Stocks oil, condensation point meet the cold defeated requirement of in-line blending simultaneously, the tempered oil coagulates Low 5 DEG C of minimum ground temperature or more of point compared to conveying area.
In order to ensure blending oil product is smoothly safely and effectively delivered to destination, the kinematic viscosity of the tempered oil of the conveying The friction drag loss for ensuring to meet in a certain range oil product is less than the conveying Yang Cheng of delivery pump.
The mass ratio of the preferred heavy oil and low condensation point oil product is 1:1-2.
In order to ensure blending oil product safely and effectively conveys and the limitation of pipe design throughput rate, managed in the long distance pipeline It is 1000-1200m that road, which runs feed flow,3/h;The flow velocity of oil product is 0.80-0.98m/s in pipeline.
In order to ensure in pipeline petroleum products blending uniformly, condensation point meet the requirements, blending oil product have good mobility and really Protect output pump feed in time, the blending pump pumps forward and backward operating pressure range and is respectively as follows: 0.1-0.3Mpa and 0.9- 1.2Mpa, blending oil temperature is not less than 30 DEG C after pump.
In order to ensure output pump normal operation, ensure that blending oil product safely and effectively conveys, the outer oil transfer pump pump is forward and backward Operating pressure be respectively as follows: more than or equal to 0.4Mpa and be less than or equal to 4.2Mpa, blending oil temperature is not less than 30 DEG C after pump.
In order to ensure blending oil product arrives at the destination, rear safety and steady enters storage tank and into tank when has preferable flowing Property, the heavy oil of blending arrives at the destination pressure not higher than 0.5Mpa, and temperature is not less than 10 DEG C.
Compared with prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are: the present invention realizes the room temperature of heavy oil Conveying reduces conveying cost, and for heavy oil using the cold transferring technology conveying of in-line blending, transportation expenses are 15 yuan/ton;And it adopts It is 60 yuan/ton with tank car transportation expenses;According to the hot conveying of pipeline, conveying cost is 35 yuan/ton.As known from the above, cold defeated It conveys and compares with tank car, transportation cost per ton of saving is up to 45 yuan;Cold defeated convey with heat compares, per ton to save transportation cost Up to 20 yuan.By comparing as it can be seen that the cold transmission method economic benefits of pipeline.
In addition, the cold defeated closed conveying that may be implemented to heavy oil of pipeline, reduces the transport of heavy fuel tank car Evaporating loss in the process reduces environmental pollution.Simultaneously using pipeline it is cold it is defeated make transport tank car quantity largely reduce, can drop Low exhaust gas discharge, reduction noise pollution etc., while can effectively improving surrounding enviroment, can also alleviate friendship to a certain extent Anxiety in logical transport, is of great significance to national economy sustainable development, there is huge social benefit.
Specific embodiment
The technical scheme of the present invention will be explained in further detail With reference to embodiment.
The present invention smaller, lower oil product of condensation point using kinematic viscosity, passes through appropriate ratio and heavy oil blending tune Conjunction is formed uniformly tempered oil, reduces the kinematic viscosity and condensation point of heavy oil, when operation, passes through control and manages defeated flow, real Existing heavy oil high efficiency, the long-distance pipe Intermittent Cold of low cost are defeated.
The process operation mode that the present invention uses are as follows: the present invention according to blending ratio by heavy oil and oil product respectively from It is exported in storage tank, is input in blending pump by pipeline, is tentatively concocted respectively, blending pump pumps forward and backward operating pressure model It encloses and is respectively as follows: 0.1-0.3Mpa and 0.9-1.2Mpa, oil temperature is concocted after pump and is not less than 30 DEG C;Then pipe is input to by pipeline In road mixer, secondary blending is carried out;Then it is input in outer oil transfer pump by pipeline, is input to long defeated pipe by outer oil transfer pump In road, outer oil transfer pump pumps forward and backward operating pressure and is respectively as follows: more than or equal to 0.4Mpa and is less than or equal to 4.2Mpa, concocts after pump Oil temperature is not less than 30 DEG C;During long distance pipeline long distance delivery, with the continuous conveying of mixed raw material oil, oil product is concocted Constantly blending mutually gradually completes product pipeline blending, finally enters to destination storage tank.When blending oil product arrives at the destination Pressure is not higher than 0.5Mpa, and temperature is not less than 10 DEG C, and is higher than conveying blending oil pour point.
Original (material) oil-piping that the present invention uses, which concocts cold defeated process conditions, is:
1) convey tempered oil condensation point (may be simply referred to as condensation point) than convey when this area minimum ground temperature it is low 5 DEG C and with On, preferably 5 DEG C;It is that can pipeline safe and efficient since can condensation point/pour point of Blend Stocks oil reach the defeated technique requirement of pipe The deciding factor of operation.The condensation point and pour point of same oil product are not fully equal, and general pour point adds 3-5 DEG C of range in condensation point It is interior, therefore when reaching minimum ground temperature in order to ensure oil product, there are also good mobility for oil product, it is ensured that next time is playing delivery of energy just after stopping transportation It often carries out, it is desirable that low 5 DEG C of ground temperature or more when carrying out the defeated feedstock oil condensation point of pipe than pipeline.
Such as somewhere pipeline each season minimum ground temperature situation:
Summer ground temperature (6.1-9.30): 22 DEG C;
Spring, autumn ground temperature (4.1-5.31;10.1-12.15): 15 DEG C;
Winter ground temperature (12.16-3.30): 7.7 DEG C.
Therefore, former (material) oil is in summer conveying, oil product Ning Dian≤17 DEG C;
Former (material) oil is at spring, autumn conveying, oil product Ning Dian≤10 DEG C;
When former (material) oil conveys in winter, oil product Ning Dian≤2.7 DEG C.
2) convey tempered oil kinematic viscosity it is suitable, i.e., transporting oil when, oil product friction drag loss be less than delivery pump The conveying Yang Cheng of (the sum of long defeated pump and feed pump).
Former (material) is not simply that two kinds or more of oil product blending is together complete as soon as oil blending is a process At the combination of oil types can influence whether petroleum products blending succeeds with technological parameter in when entire transmission process. The present invention passes through many experiments, obtains the cold defeated technique of heavy oil of the invention, conveys heavy oil, drop using this method Low heavy oil conveys cost, reduces using environmental pollution caused by other mode of movement.
Embodiment 1
By Buddhist nun sieve NILE crude oil, the auspicious heavy oil of horse, Sa Duen crude oil after technique blending of the invention, certain year October By Laizhou City of Shandong Province long-distance transportation to Changyi City, minimum ground temperature was 15 DEG C at that time, and pipeline overall length is about 106km.Buddhist nun sieve The auspicious heavy oil of NILE crude oil, horse, Sa Duen crude oil are 1:1:1 blending in mass ratio, and three kinds of oil products amount to 60,000 tons of conveying. It is as shown in table 1 the performance parameter of crude base oil and tempered oil.
Table 1: base oil and tempered oil main quality analyze data
In-line blending conveying process flow be, by Buddhist nun sieve NILE crude oil, the auspicious heavy oil of horse, Sa Duen crude oil respectively from The outlet output of the auspicious heavy fuel oil tank of Buddhist nun sieve NILE crude oil storage tank, horse, Sa Duen crude oil storage tank, each feedstock oil opening temperature It is required that being auspicious crude oil >=20 DEG C of horse, Buddhist nun sieve crude oil >=30 DEG C, crude oil >=20 DEG C Sa Duen;Respectively by pipeline, through filter mistake After impurity in oil strain product, it is input in blending pump, is tentatively concocted;Then it is input in pipe-line mixer by pipeline, Carry out secondary blending;Then it is input in outer oil transfer pump by pipeline, is input in long distance pipeline by outer oil transfer pump, it is defeated in length Oil product is completed in pipeline sufficiently to concoct, and is finally entered to destination storage tank.
When above-mentioned in-line blending conveys, Process operating parameters are as follows:
Conduit running feed flow is 1000-1100m3/h;The flow velocity of oil product is 0.81-0.89m/s in pipeline;
The Reynolds number of pipeline feedstock oil: 5000-10000;Friction drag when oil transportation is 230-250m;
When conduit running, it is respectively 0.10Mpa and 1.0Mpa that blending pump, which pumps forward and backward operating pressure,;Before outer oil transfer pump pump, Operating pressure afterwards is respectively 0.60 ± 0.05MPa and 2.40 ± 0.05MPa, temperature: 35 ± 2 DEG C;Laizhou Outlet pressure: 2.40 ± 0.05MPa, temperature: 35 ± 2 DEG C;
Two valve chamber pipeline pressure when conduit running: 1.15 ± 0.05MPa, temperature: 22 ± 2 DEG C;
Four valve chamber pipeline pressure when conduit running: 0.65 ± 0.05MPa, temperature: 19 ± 2 DEG C;
Changyi Inlet pressure when conduit running: 0.15 ± 0.05MPa, temperature: 18 ± 2 DEG C.
Whole service process, pump normal operation, all technological parameters are stablized, and all parameters are all in operating scheme parameter In tolerance band, the long-distance pipe blending conveying of heavy oil is realized.
Embodiment 2
By the auspicious heavy oil of horse, ESPO crude oil, Ah's Taka crude oil after technique blending of the invention, certain year December is by mountain For the long-distance transportation of the Laizhou City Dong Sheng to Changyi City, pipeline overall length is about 106km, and when operation, minimum ground temperature was 15 DEG C.As shown in table 4 For the performance parameter of crude base oil and tempered oil.
Table 4: base oil and tempered oil main quality analyze data
In-line blending conveying process flow is, by the auspicious heavy oil of horse, ESPO crude oil, Ah's Taka crude oil respectively from Ma Rui The outlet output of heavy fuel oil tank, ESPO crude oil storage tank, Ah's Taka crude oil storage tank, each feedstock oil opening temperature require to be horse Auspicious heavy oil >=30 DEG C;Ah's Taka crude oil >=30 DEG C;Crude oil >=20 DEG C ESPO;Respectively by pipeline, it is filtered After impurity in oil product, it is input in blending pump, is tentatively concocted;Then it is input in pipe-line mixer by pipeline, into The secondary blending of row;Then it is input in outer oil transfer pump by pipeline, is input in long distance pipeline by outer oil transfer pump, in the defeated pipe of length Oil product is completed in road sufficiently to concoct, and is finally entered to destination storage tank.
When above-mentioned in-line blending conveys, Process operating parameters are as follows:
Conduit running feed flow: 1100-1200m3/h;Raw pipeline material oil flow rate: 0.895-0.975m/s;
Reynolds number when pipeline feedstock oil: 10000-15000;The friction drag of calculating: 200-240m;
It is respectively 0.10Mpa and 1.0Mpa that blending pump, which pumps forward and backward operating pressure, when conduit running;Before outer oil transfer pump pump, Operating pressure afterwards is respectively 0.7 ± 0.05MPa and 2.00 ± 0.2MPa, Laizhou Outlet pressure: 2.00 ± 0.2MPa, temperature: 25±2℃;
Two valve chamber pipeline pressure when conduit running: 1.0 ± 0.1MPa, temperature: 18 ± 2 DEG C;
Four valve chamber pipeline pressure when conduit running: 0.55 ± 0.1MPa, temperature: 13 ± 2 DEG C;
Changyi Inlet pressure when conduit running: 0.15 ± 0.05MPa, temperature: 13 ± 2 DEG C (being greater than 9 DEG C of oil pour point).
Entire industry park plan process, pump normal operation, all technological parameters are stablized, and all parameters are all in operating scheme In parameter tolerance band, the long distance delivery of heavy oil is realized.
Embodiment 3
By ESPO crude oil, M100 heavy oil after technique blending of the invention, 2 months certain years are by the Shandong Province Laizhou mayor Distance transport is to Changyi City, and pipeline overall length is about 106km, and minimum ground temperature is 8 DEG C.This embodiment heavy oil M100 passes through After blending, miscella is in -1 DEG C of condensation point, viscosity (13mm2/ s (40 DEG C)) in the case of the cold defeated operating condition of in-line blending.Such as table 5 It show the performance parameter of crude base oil and tempered oil.
Table 5: base oil and tempered oil main quality analyze data
In-line blending conveying process flow be, by ESPO crude oil, M100 heavy oil respectively from ESPO crude oil storage tank, The outlet of M100 heavy fuel oil tank exports, and each feedstock oil opening temperature requires to be heavy oil >=30 DEG C M100;ESPO Crude oil >=20 DEG C;Respectively by pipeline, after being filtered out the impurity in oil product, it is input in blending pump, carries out preliminary Blending;Then it is input in pipe-line mixer by pipeline, carries out secondary blending;Then outer oil transfer pump is input to by pipeline In, it is input in long distance pipeline by outer oil transfer pump, oil product is completed in long distance pipeline and is sufficiently concocted, is finally entered to destination Storage tank.
When above-mentioned in-line blending conveys, Process operating parameters are as follows:
Conduit running feed flow: 1100-1200m3/h;Raw pipeline material oil flow rate: 0.895-0.975m/s.
Reynolds number when pipeline feedstock oil: 15000-20000;The friction drag of calculating: 220-280m;Pipeline when oil transportation It is respectively 0.10Mpa and 1.0Mpa that blending pump, which pumps forward and backward operating pressure, when operation;Outer oil transfer pump pumps forward and backward operating pressure Respectively 0.70 ± 0.05MPa and 3.10 ± 0.3MPa, Laizhou Outlet pressure: 3.10 ± 0.3MPa, temperature: 28 ± 3 DEG C;
Two valve chamber pipeline pressure when conduit running: 1.7 ± 0.3MPa, temperature: 19 ± 3 DEG C;
Four valve chamber pipeline pressure when conduit running: 0.85 ± 0.3MPa, temperature: 12 ± 2 DEG C;
Changyi Inlet pressure when conduit running: 0.30 ± 0.15MPa, temperature: 12 ± 2 DEG C.
Entire industry park plan process, pump normal operation, all technological parameters are stablized, and all parameters are all in operating scheme In parameter tolerance band, the long distance delivery of heavy oil is realized.
Embodiment 4
By this smooth eight imperial crude oil, M100 heavy oil after technique blending of the invention, 2 months certain years are by Shandong Province Laizhou City's long-distance transportation to Changyi City, pipeline overall length is about 106km, and minimum ground temperature is 8 DEG C.The present embodiment embodies heavy oil
After M100 is by blending, miscella is in -2 DEG C of condensation point, viscosity (25mm2/ s (40 DEG C)) in the case of in-line blending it is cold defeated Operating condition.It is as shown in table 5 the performance parameter of crude base oil and tempered oil.
Table 5: base oil and tempered oil main quality analyze data
In-line blending conveying process flow is, this smooth eight imperial crude oil, M100 heavy oil is former from this smooth eight dragon respectively The outlet output of oil tank, M100 heavy fuel oil tank, each feedstock oil opening temperature require to be heavy oil >=30 M100 ℃;This smooth eight imperial crude oil >=20 DEG C;Respectively by pipeline, after being filtered out the impurity in oil product, it is input to blending pump In, tentatively concocted;Then it is input in pipe-line mixer by pipeline, carries out secondary blending;Then it is inputted by pipeline It into outer oil transfer pump, is input in long distance pipeline by outer oil transfer pump, oil product is completed in long distance pipeline and is sufficiently concocted, it is final defeated Enter to destination storage tank.
When above-mentioned in-line blending conveys, Process operating parameters are as follows:
Conduit running feed flow: 1100-1200m3/h;Raw pipeline material oil flow rate: 0.895-0.975m/s.
Reynolds number when pipeline feedstock oil: 16000-22000;The friction drag of calculating: 230-290m;Pipeline when oil transportation It is respectively 0.10Mpa and 1.0Mpa that blending pump, which pumps forward and backward operating pressure, when operation;Outer oil transfer pump pumps forward and backward operating pressure Respectively 0.75 ± 0.05MPa and 3.20 ± 0.2MPa, Laizhou Outlet pressure: 3.20 ± 0.3MPa, temperature: 30 ± 2 DEG C;
Two valve chamber pipeline pressure when conduit running: 1.7 ± 0.3MPa, temperature: 19 ± 3 DEG C;
Four valve chamber pipeline pressure when conduit running: 0.86 ± 0.3MPa, temperature: 13 ± 2 DEG C;
Changyi Inlet pressure when conduit running: 0.30 ± 0.15MPa, temperature: 13 ± 2 DEG C.
Entire industry park plan process, pump normal operation, all technological parameters are stablized, and all parameters are all in operating scheme In parameter tolerance band, the long distance delivery of heavy oil is realized.
As can be seen from the above embodiments, in northern area whole year, especially 2 month temperature of October to next year is lower It is concocted in month, the condensation point of fuel oil can be greatly reduced and glued by the feedstock oil (crude oil, heavy oil etc.) of different ratios Degree, in the case where certain in-line blending conveys process conditions, make to be unable to the cold defeated heavy oil of pipeline can satisfy pipeline it is long away from From cold defeated technique requirement.
Above embodiments are only several in the several preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that the present invention is not limited to Above-described embodiment;For those skilled in the art, technical solution documented by previous embodiment can still be carried out Modification or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features;And these modifications or substitutions, do not make corresponding technical solution Essence is detached from the spirit and scope of claimed technical solution of the invention.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of long-distance delivery method of heavy oil, which is characterized in that by heavy oil and low condensation point petroleum products blending Miscella is formed, the kinematic viscosity and condensation point of heavy oil, the mass ratio of the heavy oil and low condensation point oil product are reduced For 1:0.6-3, heavy oil and low condensation point oil product are exported from storage tank respectively, blending pump is input to by pipeline respectively In, tentatively to be concocted, the blending pump pumps forward and backward operating pressure range and is respectively as follows: 0.1-0.3Mpa and 0.9-1.2Mpa, Oil temperature is concocted after pump is not less than 30 DEG C;Then it is input in pipe-line mixer by pipeline, carries out secondary blending;Finally by Pipeline is input in outer oil transfer pump, is input in long distance pipeline by outer oil transfer pump, and the outer oil transfer pump pumps forward and backward operation pressure Power is respectively as follows: more than or equal to 0.4Mpa and is less than or equal to 4.2Mpa, and blending oil temperature is not less than 30 DEG C after pump;In long distance pipeline Petroleum products blending is completed, is finally entered to destination storage tank, pressure when oil product arrives at the destination is concocted and is not higher than 0.5Mpa, temperature is not Lower than 10 DEG C, and it is higher than conveying blending oil pour point, the most low land of location when the condensation point of the blending oil product is compared to conveying Low 5 DEG C of temperature or more, the friction drag loss that the kinematic viscosity of the blending oil product of the conveying meets oil product are less than delivery pump Dehvery lift, conduit running feed flow is 1000-1200m in the long distance pipeline3/h;The flow velocity of oil product is in pipeline 0.80-0.98m/s。
2. a kind of long-distance delivery method of heavy oil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the heavy combustion The mass ratio of material oil and low condensation point oil product is 1:1-2.
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CN204943039U (en) * 2015-07-16 2016-01-06 中化工储运有限公司 A kind of long distance delivery device of heavy oil

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