CN105950917A - Heat-resistant alloy and preparing method thereof - Google Patents
Heat-resistant alloy and preparing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105950917A CN105950917A CN201610367871.6A CN201610367871A CN105950917A CN 105950917 A CN105950917 A CN 105950917A CN 201610367871 A CN201610367871 A CN 201610367871A CN 105950917 A CN105950917 A CN 105950917A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/10—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The invention provides a heat-resistant alloy and a preparing method thereof. The heat-resistant alloy is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-90 parts of Ni, 12-14 parts of Fe, 6-8 parts of charcoal, 3-6 parts of white oil, 4-9 parts of quick lime, 10-16 parts of bentonite, 18-24 parts of W, 6-8 parts of a carburizer, 3-5 parts of Mg, 1-2 parts of Co, 2-3 parts of B4C, 6-8 parts of caprolactam, 3-4 parts of polyamide fibers, 7-9 parts of gypsum and 30-40 parts of quenching oil. According to the heat-resistant alloy and the preparing method thereof, the heat-resistant alloy can keep high strength and oxidation resistance at high temperatures, is great in heat dissipating property, long in service life and stable in performance, and is very suitable for being used as a material used in high-temperature environments.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of heat-resisting alloy and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
This kind of alloy of heat-resisting alloy is also known as high temperature alloy, and it is for industrial department under the high temperature conditions and application skill
Art, has great meaning.Generally, the fusing point of metal material is the highest, and its spendable temperature margin is more
High.As represented fusing point by thermodynamic temperature, then the 60% of melting point metal Tm, it is defined as can using in theory
Temperature upper limit Tc, i.e. Tc=0.6Tm.This is because along with the rising of temperature, the mechanical performance of metal material
Being remarkably decreased, the trend of oxide etch increases accordingly, therefore, and all 500-600 DEG C of general metal material
Lower long-term work, can be > metal common name heat-resisting alloy of working under 700 DEG C of high temperature and preparation method thereof, " resistance to
Heat " refer to that it at high temperature can keep enough and intensity and good non-oxidizability.Improve iron and steel non-oxidizability
Approach have be in steel add the alloying element such as Cr, Si, Al at two: one, or carry out on the surface of steel
Cr, Si, Al Alloying Treatment.They can quickly generate one layer of fine and close oxide-film in oxidizing atmosphere,
And the surface of the most attached ground steel, thus effectively stop proceeding of oxidation；Two is at steel surface,
The high-temperaure coatings such as dystectic oxide, carbide, nitride are formed by various methods.
The method improving high-temperature steel intensity is a lot, from structure, character chemical standpoint in terms of, substantially have two kinds
Main method: (1) increases between steel Atom adhesion at high temperature.Research is pointed out, combines in metal
Power, i.e. metallic bond intensity size, the electron number the most paired with atom is relevant.From periodic chart,
VI B element metallic bond is the strongest in same period.Therefore, steel adds the equiatomic effect of Cr, Mo, W
Fruit is optimal.(2) addition can form the element of various carbide or intermetallic compound, so that steel matrix is strong
Change.The carbide generated by some transition metal and carbon atom belongs to interstitial compound, on the basis of metallic bond
On, add again the composition of covalent bond, therefore hardness is very big, and fusing point is the highest.Such as, add W, Mo, V,
Nb can generate the carbides such as WC, W2C, MoC, Mo2C, VC, NbC, thus the high temperature adding iron and steel is strong
Degree.Utilize alloy approach, in addition to refractory Fe-base alloy, also can prepare Ni-based, molybdenio, niobio and tungstenio is resistance to
Thermalloy, they at high temperature have good mechanical performance and chemical stability.Wherein nickel-base alloy is
Excellent super heating resisting metal material, in tissue, matrix is solid solution and the Ni3Al metal compound of Ni-Cr-Co
Thing, after treatment, it uses temperature up to 1000～1100 DEG C.
Current existing heat-resisting alloy and preparation method thereof at high temperature can keep high intensity, but easily produces
Raw oxidation, causes hydraulic performance decline, affects service life.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of reaching and at high temperature keeps higher intensity and antioxidation
Property, thermal diffusivity is good, and service life is long, stable performance, is highly suitable as the materials'use under hot environment
Heat-resisting alloy and preparation method thereof.
For solving the problems referred to above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of heat-resisting alloy and preparation method thereof, is made up of following raw material: Ni, Fe, Linesless charcoal, white oil, life
Calx, bentonite, W, carburizer, Mg, Co, B4C, caprolactam, Fypro, Gypsum Fibrosum, quench
Kerosene；Described raw material is made up of following parts by weight proportioning: Ni80-90 part, Fe12-14 part, Linesless charcoal 6-8
Part, white oil 3-6 part, quick lime 4-9 part, bentonite 10-16 part, W18-24 part, carburizer 6-8
Part, Mg3-5 part, Co1-2 part, B4C2-3 part, caprolactam 6-8 part, Fypro 3-4 part,
Gypsum Fibrosum 7-9 part, quenching oil 30-40 part.
Further, described raw material is made up of following parts by weight proportioning: Ni85 part, Fe13 part, Linesless charcoal 7
Part, white oil 4.5 parts, quick lime 6.5 parts, bentonite 13 parts, W21 part, carburizer 7 parts, Mg4
Part, Co1.5 part, B4C2.5 part, caprolactam 7 parts, Fypro 3.5 parts, 8 parts of Gypsum Fibrosum, quench
35 parts of kerosene.
Further, described Ni is Ni ingot.
Further, described W is metal dust.
Further, described quenching oil is vacuum quenching oil.
Further, described B4C is diameter 0.01-0.02mm powder.
Another technical problem that the invention solves the problems that is to provide the preparation side of a kind of heat-resisting alloy and preparation method thereof
Method.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that and comprises the following steps:
1) Ni, Fe, Linesless charcoal, white oil, quick lime, bentonite, W, carburizer, Mg are joined sense
Answer melting in stove, keep temperature to be 1800-1850 DEG C, carry out refine 30-50 minute, then can be
650～830 DEG C make annealing treatment, and natural cooling after annealing is standby；
2) Co, B4C, caprolactam, Fypro, Gypsum Fibrosum are put in electric furnace successively, keep
1200-1400 DEG C was heated 2-3 hour, once smash stove every 15 minutes, removes in smelting process and produces
Oxidation residua, pour in mould, after its natural cooling, carry out Carburization Treatment, a heating quenching, low
Temperature tempering, keeps hardening heat 840-860 DEG C, standby；
3) by step 1) gained raw material and step 2) gained raw material together joins in electric arc furnace, and temperature is
Heating 15-20 minute at 1900 DEG C-2000 DEG C, insulation stands 1-2 minute, then carries out twice electromagnetism and stirs
Mix, keep 2-3 minute every time, between be spaced 10-15 minute, be cast in mould, obtain blank,
By blank electricity quenching 3-6 minute, 600 DEG C of solution treatment 3 hours at 1100 DEG C, it is repeated four times, every time
It is spaced 30 minutes, keeps slab temperature to be 500-600 DEG C, standby；
4) quenching oil being heated to 60-80 DEG C and puts into step 3) to carry out Quenching Treatment 1-2 little for gained blank
Time, standby；
5) by step 4) gained blank use forging machine forge 5 minutes, anneal 20-30 minute, anneal
Temperature is 400 DEG C-450 DEG C, and above step in triplicate, then uses the plate being rolled into 10-12mm thickness
Material, by sheet material electricity quenching 1-2 minute at 800 DEG C, standby；
6) by step 4) processing gained sheet material carry out natural aging treatment, retention time 4-6 round the clock,
Complete the processing of material.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the Ni in this heat-resisting alloy and preparation method thereof has preferable resistance to height
Warm nature energy, the Fe of interpolation, Linesless charcoal, white oil, quick lime, bentonite, W, carburizer, Mg form conjunction
Gold, it is possible to making resistant to elevated temperatures performance more preferable, stability is higher, and B4C, caprolactam, polyamide are fine
The carbides such as dimension, Gypsum Fibrosum promote elevated temperature strength further, it is possible to keep alloy surface hardness bigger, it is possible to have
Effect prevents oxidized, increases the service life, and keeps Stability Analysis of Structures, uses at quenching oil quenching and natrual ageing
Reason can keep alloy material surface not have crackle, keeps performance more stable.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1:
The preparation method of a kind of heat-resisting alloy and preparation method thereof, comprises the following steps:
1) by Ni80 part, Fe12 part, 6 parts of Linesless charcoal, white oil 3 parts, quick lime 4 parts, bentonite 10
Part, W18 part, carburizer 6 parts, Mg3 part join melting in induction furnace, and holding temperature is 1800-1850
DEG C, carry out refine 30-50 minute, then can make annealing treatment at 650～830 DEG C, the coldest after annealing
But, standby；
2) by Co1 part, B4C2 part, caprolactam 6 parts, Fypro 3 parts, 7 parts of Gypsum Fibrosum successively
Put in electric furnace, keep 1200-1400 DEG C to heat 2-3 hour, once smash stove every 15 minutes,
Remove the oxidation residua produced in smelting process, pour in mould, carry out at carburizing after its natural cooling
Reason, a heating quenching, lonneal, keep hardening heat 840-860 DEG C, standby；
3) by step 1) gained raw material and step 2) gained raw material together joins in electric arc furnace, and temperature is
Heating 15-20 minute at 1900 DEG C-2000 DEG C, insulation stands 1-2 minute, then carries out twice electromagnetism and stirs
Mix, keep 2-3 minute every time, between be spaced 10-15 minute, be cast in mould, obtain blank,
By blank electricity quenching 3-6 minute, 600 DEG C of solution treatment 3 hours at 1100 DEG C, it is repeated four times, every time
It is spaced 30 minutes, keeps slab temperature to be 500-600 DEG C, standby；
4) quenching oil 30 parts being heated to 60-80 DEG C and puts into step 3) gained blank carries out Quenching Treatment 1-2
Hour, standby；
5) by step 4) gained blank use forging machine forge 5 minutes, anneal 20-30 minute, anneal
Temperature is 400 DEG C-450 DEG C, and above step in triplicate, then uses the plate being rolled into 10-12mm thickness
Material, by sheet material electricity quenching 1-2 minute at 800 DEG C, standby；
6) by step 4) processing gained sheet material carry out natural aging treatment, retention time 4-6 round the clock,
Complete the processing of material.
Embodiment 2:
The preparation method of a kind of heat-resisting alloy and preparation method thereof, comprises the following steps:
1) by Ni85 part, Fe13 part, 7 parts of Linesless charcoal, white oil 4.5 parts, quick lime 6.5 parts, bentonite
13 parts, W21 part, carburizer 7 parts, Mg4 part join melting in induction furnace, holding temperature is 1800-
1850 DEG C, carry out refine 30-50 minute, then can make annealing treatment at 650～830 DEG C, after annealing certainly
So cooling, standby；
2) by Co1.5 part, B4C2.5 part, caprolactam 7 parts, Fypro 3.5 parts, Gypsum Fibrosum 8
Part is put in electric furnace successively, keeps 1200-1400 DEG C to heat 2-3 hour, carried out once every 15 minutes
Smash stove, remove the oxidation residua produced in smelting process, pour in mould, ooze after its natural cooling
Carbon processes, a heating quenching, lonneal, keeps hardening heat 840-860 DEG C, standby；
3) by step 1) gained raw material and step 2) gained raw material together joins in electric arc furnace, and temperature is
Heating 15-20 minute at 1900 DEG C-2000 DEG C, insulation stands 1-2 minute, then carries out twice electromagnetism and stirs
Mix, keep 2-3 minute every time, between be spaced 10-15 minute, be cast in mould, obtain blank,
By blank electricity quenching 3-6 minute, 600 DEG C of solution treatment 3 hours at 1100 DEG C, it is repeated four times, every time
It is spaced 30 minutes, keeps slab temperature to be 500-600 DEG C, standby；
4) quenching oil 35 parts being heated to 60-80 DEG C and puts into step 3) gained blank carries out Quenching Treatment 1-2
Hour, standby；
5) by step 4) gained blank use forging machine forge 5 minutes, anneal 20-30 minute, anneal
Temperature is 400 DEG C-450 DEG C, and above step in triplicate, then uses the plate being rolled into 10-12mm thickness
Material, by sheet material electricity quenching 1-2 minute at 800 DEG C, standby；
6) by step 4) processing gained sheet material carry out natural aging treatment, retention time 4-6 round the clock,
Complete the processing of material.
Embodiment 3:
The preparation method of a kind of heat-resisting alloy and preparation method thereof, comprises the following steps:
1) by Ni90 part, Fe14 part, 8 parts of Linesless charcoal, white oil 6 parts, quick lime 9 parts, bentonite 16
Part, W24 part, carburizer 8 parts, Mg5 part join melting in induction furnace, and holding temperature is 1800-1850
DEG C, carry out refine 30-50 minute, then can make annealing treatment at 650～830 DEG C, the coldest after annealing
But, standby；
2) by Co2 part, B4C3 part, caprolactam 8 parts, Fypro 4 parts, 9 parts of Gypsum Fibrosum successively
Put in electric furnace, keep 1200-1400 DEG C to heat 2-3 hour, once smash stove every 15 minutes,
Remove the oxidation residua produced in smelting process, pour in mould, carry out at carburizing after its natural cooling
Reason, a heating quenching, lonneal, keep hardening heat 840-860 DEG C, standby；
3) by step 1) gained raw material and step 2) gained raw material together joins in electric arc furnace, and temperature is
Heating 15-20 minute at 1900 DEG C-2000 DEG C, insulation stands 1-2 minute, then carries out twice electromagnetism and stirs
Mix, keep 2-3 minute every time, between be spaced 10-15 minute, be cast in mould, obtain blank,
By blank electricity quenching 3-6 minute, 600 DEG C of solution treatment 3 hours at 1100 DEG C, it is repeated four times, every time
It is spaced 30 minutes, keeps slab temperature to be 500-600 DEG C, standby；
4) quenching oil 40 parts being heated to 60-80 DEG C and puts into step 3) gained blank carries out Quenching Treatment 1-2
Hour, standby；
5) by step 4) gained blank use forging machine forge 5 minutes, anneal 20-30 minute, anneal
Temperature is 400 DEG C-450 DEG C, and above step in triplicate, then uses the plate being rolled into 10-12mm thickness
Material, by sheet material electricity quenching 1-2 minute at 800 DEG C, standby；
6) by step 4) processing gained sheet material carry out natural aging treatment, retention time 4-6 round the clock,
Complete the processing of material.
Experimental example 1:
Using the heat-resisting alloy of the present invention as experimental group, common heat-resisting alloy as a control group, tests thermostability
Energy.
As can be seen here, the heat-resisting alloy of the present invention relatively with the tensile strength of common alloy, heat resisting temperature and hard
Degree all has lifting.
Typical case:
Suddenly certain, porcelain produces boss, suddenly uses the mode of alloy and china clay to porcelain in the porcelain sintering cellar for storing things of certain
Being sintered, the alloy sheets the most suddenly installed in the porcelain cellar for storing things of certain is often crossed and will be changed once for three months, because alloy
It is liquid that plate at high temperature the most slowly melts, and causes the support force of alloy and the capacity of heat transmission to be deteriorated, due to warp
Often change alloy sheets, cause suddenly certain disbursement get more and more, later colleague introduction under, select
The heat-resisting alloy of the present invention, owing to the heat-resisting number of degrees of the present invention are high, it is possible to persistently use, decrease replacing
Number of times, certain replacing alloy sheets once becomes annually from every three months the most suddenly.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the Ni in this heat-resisting alloy and preparation method thereof has preferable resistance to height
Warm nature energy, the Fe of interpolation, Linesless charcoal, white oil, quick lime, bentonite, W, carburizer, Mg form conjunction
Gold, it is possible to making resistant to elevated temperatures performance more preferable, stability is higher, and B4C, caprolactam, polyamide are fine
The carbides such as dimension, Gypsum Fibrosum promote elevated temperature strength further, it is possible to keep alloy surface hardness bigger, it is possible to have
Effect prevents oxidized, increases the service life, and keeps Stability Analysis of Structures, uses at quenching oil quenching and natrual ageing
Reason can keep alloy material surface not have crackle, keeps performance more stable.
The above, the only detailed description of the invention of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to
This, any change expected without creative work or replacement, all should contain in protection scope of the present invention
Within.
Claims (7)
1. heat-resisting alloy and preparation method thereof, it is characterised in that: be made up of following raw material: Ni, Fe,
Linesless charcoal, white oil, quick lime, bentonite, W, carburizer, Mg, Co, B4C, caprolactam, polyamide
Fiber, Gypsum Fibrosum and quenching oil；Described raw material is made up of following parts by weight proportioning: Ni80-90 part, Fe12-
14 parts, Linesless charcoal 6-8 part, white oil 3-6 part, quick lime 4-9 part, bentonite 10-16 part, W18-24
Part, carburizer 6-8 part, Mg3-5 part, Co1-2 part, B4C2-3 part, caprolactam 6-8 part, polyamides
Amine fiber 3-4 part, Gypsum Fibrosum 7-9 part and quenching oil 30-40 part.
2. heat-resisting alloy as claimed in claim 2 and preparation method thereof, it is characterised in that described raw material by
Following parts by weight proportioning forms: Ni85 part, Fe13 part, 7 parts of Linesless charcoal, white oil 4.5 parts, quick lime
6.5 parts, bentonite 13 parts, W21 part, carburizer 7 parts, Mg4 part, Co1.5 part, B4C2.5 part,
Caprolactam 7 parts, Fypro 3.5 parts, 8 parts of Gypsum Fibrosum and quenching oil 35 parts.
3. heat-resisting alloy as claimed in claim 3 and preparation method thereof, it is characterised in that: described Ni is
Ni ingot.
4. heat-resisting alloy as claimed in claim 4 and preparation method thereof, it is characterised in that: described W is gold
Belong to powder.
5. heat-resisting alloy as claimed in claim 5 and preparation method thereof, it is characterised in that: described quenching oil
For vacuum quenching oil.
6. heat-resisting alloy as claimed in claim 6 and preparation method thereof, it is characterised in that: described B4C is
Diameter 0.01-0.02mm powder.
7. heat-resisting alloy as claimed in claim 1 and preparation method thereof, it is characterised in that: include with
Lower step:
1) Ni, Fe, Linesless charcoal, white oil, quick lime, bentonite, W, carburizer, Mg are joined sense
Answer melting in stove, keep temperature to be 1800-1850 DEG C, carry out refine 30-50 minute, then can be
650～830 DEG C make annealing treatment, and natural cooling after annealing is standby；
2) Co, B4C, caprolactam, Fypro, Gypsum Fibrosum are put in electric furnace successively, keep
1200-1400 DEG C was heated 2-3 hour, once smash stove every 15 minutes, removes in smelting process and produces
Oxidation residua, pour in mould, after its natural cooling, carry out Carburization Treatment, a heating quenching, low
Temperature tempering, keeps hardening heat 840-860 DEG C, standby；
3) by step 1) gained raw material and step 2) gained raw material together joins in electric arc furnace, and temperature is
Heating 15-20 minute at 1900 DEG C-2000 DEG C, insulation stands 1-2 minute, then carries out twice electromagnetism and stirs
Mix, keep 2-3 minute every time, between be spaced 10-15 minute, be cast in mould, obtain blank,
By blank electricity quenching 3-6 minute, 600 DEG C of solution treatment 3 hours at 1100 DEG C, it is repeated four times, every time
It is spaced 30 minutes, keeps slab temperature to be 500-600 DEG C, standby；
4) quenching oil being heated to 60-80 DEG C and puts into step 3) to carry out Quenching Treatment 1-2 little for gained blank
Time, standby；
5) by step 4) gained blank use forging machine forge 5 minutes, anneal 20-30 minute, anneal
Temperature is 400 DEG C-450 DEG C, and above step in triplicate, then uses the plate being rolled into 10-12mm thickness
Material, by sheet material electricity quenching 1-2 minute at 800 DEG C, standby；
6) by step 4) processing gained sheet material carry out natural aging treatment, retention time 4-6 round the clock,
Complete the processing of material.
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| CN201610367871.6A CN105950917A (en) | 2016-05-26 | 2016-05-26 | Heat-resistant alloy and preparing method thereof |
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Citations (6)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB866194A (en) * | 1958-04-29 | 1961-04-26 | Superior Tube Co | Improvements in indirectly-heated nickel alloy cathodes |
| ES265177A1 (en) * | 1960-02-25 | 1961-05-01 | Rca Corp | Cathode mount and alloy therefor |
| CN102947474A (en) * | 2010-06-21 | 2013-02-27 | 蒂森克鲁普德国联合金属制造有限公司 | Nickel-based alloy |
| CN103119183A (en) * | 2010-09-20 | 2013-05-22 | 西门子公司 | Nickel-base superalloy |
| CN104357710A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-02-18 | 杨攀 | Novel nickel alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN104561657A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-29 | 农彩丽 | Titanium-aluminium alloy material and preparation technology thereof |
-
2016
- 2016-05-26 CN CN201610367871.6A patent/CN105950917A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB866194A (en) * | 1958-04-29 | 1961-04-26 | Superior Tube Co | Improvements in indirectly-heated nickel alloy cathodes |
| ES265177A1 (en) * | 1960-02-25 | 1961-05-01 | Rca Corp | Cathode mount and alloy therefor |
| CN102947474A (en) * | 2010-06-21 | 2013-02-27 | 蒂森克鲁普德国联合金属制造有限公司 | Nickel-based alloy |
| CN103119183A (en) * | 2010-09-20 | 2013-05-22 | 西门子公司 | Nickel-base superalloy |
| CN104357710A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-02-18 | 杨攀 | Novel nickel alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN104561657A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-29 | 农彩丽 | Titanium-aluminium alloy material and preparation technology thereof |
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