CN105950584A - 一种磷脂酶d及其应用 - Google Patents

一种磷脂酶d及其应用 Download PDF

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CN105950584A
CN105950584A CN201610563095.7A CN201610563095A CN105950584A CN 105950584 A CN105950584 A CN 105950584A CN 201610563095 A CN201610563095 A CN 201610563095A CN 105950584 A CN105950584 A CN 105950584A
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choline phosphatase
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毛相朝
刘倩倩
邱永乾
刘炎峻
薛长湖
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Ocean University of China
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Abstract

本发明提供一种磷脂酶D及其应用,本发明的磷脂酶D,其氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:1。该磷脂酶D能够催化卵磷脂和带有羟基的化合物发生转酯反应,生产稀有磷脂,包括磷脂酰丝氨酸,磷脂酰甘油、磷脂酰肌醇等。本发明的磷脂酶D能够催化磷脂酰胆碱(PC)和丝氨酸反应高效合成磷脂酰丝氨酸,所有的底物PC被利用,转化率达到100%;产物中磷脂酰丝氨酸(PS)的选择性高达97.6%,只有2.4%的底物PC转化为副产物磷脂酸(PA)。

Description

一种磷脂酶D及其应用
技术领域
本发明属于功能酶筛选技术领域,具体涉及一种磷脂酶D及其应用。
背景技术
磷脂酶D(PLD;EC3.1.4.4)可催化磷脂水解为磷脂酸,同时还可催化自然界中含量丰富的磷脂酸胆碱转化为自然界中含量稀少甚至不存在的磷脂或磷脂衍生物。该转酯反应对于合成稀有天然磷脂组分及人工合成磷脂具有不可替代的优势。到目前为止,不少生产PLD的菌株已经被成功分离出来,大约有500种PLD能够在NCBI GenBank中发现。已报导的产磷脂酶D的微生物主要有链霉菌(Streptomyces)、棒状杆菌(Corynebacterium)、沙门氏杆菌(Salmonella)、假单胞菌(Pseudomonad)、哈维氏弧菌(Vibrio harveyi)、蜡状芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus)、无色杆菌(Achromobacter)、米曲霉(Aspergillus oryzae)。但对于工业化生产来讲,获取更多性能稳定的酶源是必要的。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种磷脂酶D及其应用,即一种具有高转酯活力的磷脂酶D,从而弥补现有技术的不足。
本发明的磷脂酶D,包含有:
1)氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:1的酶;
2)在1)限定的氨基酸序列中经过取代、缺失或添加一个或几个氨基酸且具有1)中酶活性的,由1)所衍生的酶。
编码上述磷脂酶D的基因,其一种核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO:2;
上述的磷脂酶D能够催化卵磷脂和带有羟基的化合物发生转酯反应,生产稀有磷脂,包括磷脂酰丝氨酸,磷脂酰甘油、磷脂酰肌醇等。
上述磷脂酶D能够催化磷脂酰胆碱(PC)和丝氨酸反应高效合成磷脂酰丝氨酸,所有的底物PC被利用,转化率达到100%;产物中磷脂酰丝氨酸(PS)的选择性高达97.6%,只有2.4%的底物PC转化为副产物磷脂酸(PA)。
上述磷脂酶D能够催化虾油中的DHA-磷脂酰胆碱(DHA-PC)和丝氨酸反应高效合成DHA-磷脂酰丝氨酸(DHA-PS),底物虾油中的DHA-PC部分被利用,转化为DHA-PS,转化率52.6%,除此之外,DHA-PS的选择性为100%,没有DHA-PC转化为副产物DHA-磷脂酸(DHA-PA)。
附图说明
图1:本发明的磷脂酶D表达SDS-PAGE电泳图。第一个泳道是marker, 第二个泳道是表达产物,第三个泳道是未表达产物(对照);
图2:本发明的磷脂酶D最适pH及pH稳定性示意图;
图3:本发明的磷脂酶D最适温度及温度稳定性示意图;
图4:本发明的磷脂酶D合成磷脂酰丝氨酸核磁示意图。
图5:本发明的磷脂酶D合成DHA-PS液相示意图。
图6:本发明的磷脂酶D在反应12h之后,生成了新的化合物磷脂酰葡萄糖的图。
具体实施方式
本发明用到了遗传工程和分子生物学领域使用的常规技术和方法,例如MOLECULAR CLONING:A LABORATORY MANUAL,3nd Ed.(Sambrook,2001)和CURRENT PROTOCOLS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY(Ausubel,2003)中所记载的方法。这些一般性参考文献提供了本领域技术人员已知的定义和方法。但是,本领域的技术人员可以在本发明所记载的技术方案的基础上,采用本领域其它常规的方法、实验方案和试剂,而不限于本发明具体实施例的限定。下面结合实施例和附图对本发明进行详细的描述
实施例1:产磷脂酶D微生物Acinetobacter radioresistens a2序列分析
本发明的酶是对抗辐射不动杆菌的基因序列分析获得的,其氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:1,编码基因的核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO:2。该磷脂酶D基因与NCBI中参考序列相比较具有明显的序列上的差异,表明本发明的磷脂酶D(PLD517)是一种新酶。
实施例2:本专利磷脂酶D克隆表达
根据NCBI数据库中基因信息设计对应蛋白基因的全序列引物,上游引物:5'-CGCGGATCCATGCAATTAGATAATCATCTGAAAGG-3',下游引物:5'-CCGCTCGAGTTACATCATCCATTCAATAGGCA-3'。PCR如下:98℃变性30s,55℃退火10s,72℃延伸60s,循环35次,之后4℃保存。BamHI和EcoRI双酶切的目的基因与同样双酶切的pET28a并且按照1:5的摩尔比进行连接构成重组质粒,其条件是16℃连接12h。使用热激的方法转化,重组质粒导入到BL21来表达。表达是在ZYP-5052培养基中进行,温度是20℃,时间是48h。
上述的磷脂酶D凝胶电泳如图1所示,其分子量大小为60Kda。
实施例3:本发明磷脂酶D的酶学性质
(1)磷脂酶D的最适pH及pH稳定性
磷脂酶D在不同的pH下进行酶活测定,结果如图2所示。磷脂酶D的pH适用范围为4-9,pH6.2为其最适反应pH。pH稳定性是将酶液在不同的pH 缓冲液中进行10倍稀释,4℃放置24h,然后再标准条件下测定残余酶活。结果显示在pH 4-9的范围内其能够保持60%以上的活力。具有较好的pH稳定性。
上述的磷脂酶D,其最适的pH为6.2;在pH 4~9的范围内4℃放置24h能够保持60%以上的活力。
(2)磷脂酶D最适温度及温度稳定性
磷脂酶D在不同的温度(20、30、40、50、60℃)下测定酶活,结果如图3所示。磷脂酶D最适反应温度为40℃,在50℃时能够保持80%的最大活力,但是当温度达到60℃时,只保持20%的活力。酶的温度稳定性是将酶在不同的温度(20、30、40、50、60℃)中保温1h。磷脂酶D在20-60℃时具有很好的温度性,保温1h能够维持80%以上的活力。
上述的磷脂酶D,其最适的反应温度为40℃;在20~60℃范围内放置1小时能够维持80%以上的活力。
(3)金属离子及有机试剂对磷脂酶D的影响
将合成反应中添加有机试剂和金属离子,然后计算转化率,结果详见表1。Ca2+、Ni+、Na+和K+对酶活有促进作用,Mg2+、Fe2+、Fe3+、Zn2+能够部分抑制酶活。Triton X-100对转酯活力具有完全的抑制作用。
上述的磷脂酶D,Ca2+、Ni+、Na+和K+对酶活有促进作用,Mg2+、Fe2+、Fe3+、Zn2+能够部分抑制酶活。
实施例3:本专利磷脂酶D催化合成磷脂酰丝氨酸(PS)
催化反应发生在两相体系,其中,pH 6 0.2M醋酸缓冲液溶解1M丝氨酸和0.05M CaCl2,95%的大豆卵磷脂溶解在20mg/ml乙醚中,反应体积比1:1。准确称取50mg本专利磷脂酶D干粉,40℃水浴振荡反应12h。
液相检测方法:HPLC-ELSD定量检测分析磷脂组成(diol-120-np)。流动相A:正己烷:异丙醇:醋酸:三乙胺=81.42:17:1.5:0.08,v/v/v/v;流动相B:异丙醇:水:醋酸:三乙胺=84.42:14:1.5:0.08,v/v/v/v.
反应结果如图4所示。本专利的磷脂酶D在反应12h之后,所有的底物PC被利用,均被转化成PS和PA,转化率达到100%,除此之外,PS的选择性97.6%,只有2.4%的PC转化为副产物PA。
实施例4:本专利磷脂酶D催化虾油中DHA-PC合成DHA-PS
具体实施方案如下:催化反应发生在两相体系,其中,pH 6 0.2M醋酸缓 冲液溶解1M丝氨酸和0.05M CaCl2,含有50%的DHA-PC虾油1ml,反应体积比1:1。准确称取50mg本专利磷脂酶D干粉,pH 6 0.2M醋酸缓冲液(含有1M丝氨酸和0.05M CaCl2)1ml,含有50%的DHA-PC虾油1ml,40℃水浴振荡反应12h。
反应结果如图5所示。本专利的磷脂酶D在反应12h之后,底物虾油中的DHA-PC部分被利用,转化为DHA-PS,转化率52.6%,除此之外,DHA-PS的选择性为100%,没有DHA-PC转化为副产物DHA-PA。
实施例5:磷脂酶D催化合成磷脂酰葡萄糖
催化反应发生在两相体系,其中,pH 5.6的20mmol/L醋酸缓冲液溶解1M葡萄糖和0.05M CaCl2,95%的大豆卵磷脂溶解在20mg/ml乙醚中,反应体积比1:1。准确称取10mg磷脂酶D干粉,50℃水浴振荡反应12h。
TLC薄层层析法分析:利用磷脂各组分极性大小的不同,在硅胶板上展开的时候迁移速率不同,从而将各物质分离开来。使用的展开剂为三氯甲烷:甲醇:水=65:2 5:4(v/v/v);染色方法为碘蒸气染色。
反应结果如图6所示,本专利的磷脂酶D在反应12h之后,生成了新的化合物磷脂酰葡萄糖。

Claims (9)

1.一种磷脂酶D,其特征在于,所述的磷脂酶D包含有:
1)氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:1的酶;
2)在1)限定的氨基酸序列中经过取代、缺失或添加一个或几个氨基酸且具有1)中酶活性的,由1)所衍生的酶。
2.一种基因,其特征在于,所述的基因编码权利要求1所述的磷脂酶D。
3.如权利要求2所述的基因,其特征在于,所述的基因的核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO:2。
4.一种转酯的方法,其特征在于,所述的方法是用权利要求1所述的磷脂酶D催化卵磷脂和带有羟基的化合物发生转酯反应。
5.一种生产稀有磷脂的方法,其特征在于,所述的方法是用权利要求1所述的磷脂酶D催化卵磷脂和带有羟基的化合物发生转酯反应。
6.如权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,所述的稀有磷脂为磷脂酰丝氨酸,磷脂酰甘油,磷脂酰乙醇胺,磷脂酰葡萄糖或磷脂酰肌醇。
7.权利要求1所述的磷脂酶D在生产DHA-磷脂酰丝氨酸中的应用。
8.一种生产DHA-磷脂酰丝氨酸的方法,其特征在于,所述的方法是用权利要求1所述的磷脂酶D催化DHA-磷脂酰胆碱和丝氨酸反应合成DHA-磷脂酰丝氨酸。
9.如权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于,所述的DHA-磷脂酰胆碱来源于虾油。
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