CN105950289A - Enzymatic degumming method for soybean crude oil - Google Patents
Enzymatic degumming method for soybean crude oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN105950289A CN105950289A CN201610544806.6A CN201610544806A CN105950289A CN 105950289 A CN105950289 A CN 105950289A CN 201610544806 A CN201610544806 A CN 201610544806A CN 105950289 A CN105950289 A CN 105950289A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/001—Refining fats or fatty oils by a combination of two or more of the means hereafter
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/003—Refining fats or fatty oils by enzymes or microorganisms, living or dead
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/16—Refining fats or fatty oils by mechanical means
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of vegetable oil and fat degumming, in particular to an enzymatic degumming method for soybean crude oil. The enzymatic degumming method comprises the following steps: a, heating soybean crude oil in a crude oil tank to 55-70 DEG C, and pumping the heated soybean crude oil into a high-speed mixer through a pump; b, premixing phospholipase C and soft water to form a phospholipase C solution, and adding the phospholipase C solution into the high-speed mixer; c, uniformly mixing the soybean crude oil and the phospholipase C solution in the high-speed mixer, pumping the mixture into an enzyme reaction tank through the pump, and standing for reacting for 180-280 minutes in the enzyme reaction tank; d, heating the reacted oil into 80-100 DEG C, introducing the heated oil into a degumming centrifugal machine, and performing centrifugal separation to obtain degummed oil and colloid; e, introducing the degummed oil into a drying tower for drying, and introducing the dried degummed oil into a degummed oil tank to store. By adopting the enzymatic degumming method, the product yield is increased, the production of produced waste (soap stock) is reduced at the same time, the environmental protection is facilitated, the economic benefit is increased, and the market competitiveness is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Vegetable oil lipoprotein degumming technical field, particularly relate to the enzymatic degumming method of a kind of crude oil of soybean.
Background technology
Degumming refers to the refinement step removed by the peptized impurities in vegetable oil, and the peptized impurities in vegetable oil is mainly phospholipid, so " degumming " is also referred to as " dephosphorization ".In vegetable oil, the existence of phospholipid can bring many problems to oil and fat refining, and such as refining loss increase, follow-up decolouring, deacidification load increase the weight of, and the impact on oil refining plant is the biggest, therefore need to be reduced by the phosphorus content of vegetable oil, could meet the requirement of oil refining process.
Phospholipid in vegetable oil can be divided into two classes: a class is hydrated phospholipid, has stronger polar group, can form hydrate and separate out after contacting with water；Another kind of is non-hydratable phospholipid, the mainly phosphorus containg substances of some non-lipid nature, there is stronger hydrophobicity, generally presented in phosphotidats and lysophosphatide hydrochlorate, in vegetable oil, the existence of non-hydratable phospholipid brings a lot of trouble to oil and fat refining, for these people frequently with method of refining be degumming.
Degumming method is through the development of decades, on the basis of initial acid system degumming, by changing operating procedure, has developed multiple Degumming method, such as special degumming, ultrafiltration degumming, absorption degumming, Top degumming, S.O.F.T degumming etc..In industrialized production, conventional aquation degumming and acid system degumming all can only remove the hydrated phospholipid in vegetable oil and part non-hydratable phospholipid at present, therefore in degummed oil, residual phosphorus amount is higher, be not suitable for producing table oil, and in refining process, produce substantial amounts of oil foot, soybean oil residue is disposed at a low price as waste material, not only cause environmental pollution, and, cause serious waste.Meanwhile, in water-washing process, producing substantial amounts of sewage, these sewage have to pass through qualified discharge after Sewage Disposal processes, and make enterprise add the financial burden of sewage disposal.Along with the continuous expansion of production scale of enterprise, oil foot and sewage load are increasing.Therefore, at present for refine its economy problems the most to be resolved of large oils and fats, this problems demand solves.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aims to the deficiencies in the prior art, and provide and a kind of reduce production cost, improve the enzymatic degumming method that finished product goes out the crude oil of soybean of rate.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
A kind of enzymatic degumming method of crude oil of soybean, it comprises the following steps:
A, the crude oil of soybean in crude oil tank is got to plate type heat exchanger by pump, be heated to 55-70 ° of C, then squeeze into super mixer by pump；
B, phospholipase C and soft water are pre-mixed formation phospholipase C solution, phospholipase C solution are added super mixer, makes phospholipase C be distributed in uniformly in crude oil of soybean by super mixer, reach the effect that contact surface is maximum；
C, crude oil of soybean and phospholipase C solution after mix homogeneously, squeeze into enzyme reaction tank by pump in super mixer, standing and reacting 180-280min in enzyme reaction tank；
D, reacted oil is got to plate type heat exchanger by pump, be heated to 80-100 ° of C, subsequently enter degumming centrifuge, be centrifugally separating to obtain degummed oil and colloid；
E, degummed oil enters drying tower being dried, the dried degumming oil tank that enters stores.
In enzyme reaction tank, phospholipase C optionally acts on the phospholipid key (phosphoglycerol ester bond) in phospholipid, cuts off phospholipid key, it is possible to lecithin PC and PHOSPHATIDYL ETHANOLAMINE PE are converted into diglyceride (DAG).Owing to diglyceride dissolves in oil, will not separate in centrifuge separation process, the most post-rift phospholipid molecule amount more former phospholipid molecule amount is much smaller, and oils and fats entrainment is substantially reduced so that degumming oils and fats goes out rate and is greatly improved.
Wherein, step a removes impurity particularly as follows: the crude oil of soybean in crude oil tank first passes through filter, then gets to plate type heat exchanger by pump, is heated to 55-60 ° of C, then passes through pump and squeeze into super mixer.
Wherein, phospholipase C solution, particularly as follows: the soft water of phospholipase C that weight ratio is 0.1 ‰-0.3 ‰ with 2%-4% is pre-mixed formation phospholipase C solution, is added super mixer by step b.
Wherein, in step c, crude oil of soybean and phospholipase C solution are in super mixer after mix homogeneously, enzyme reaction tank is squeezed into by pump, standing and reacting 180-280min in enzyme reaction tank, and in enzyme reaction tank, by the way of bottom in and top out, carry out standing and reacting, reduce the oxidation caused because of strenuous exercise, the oily phosphorus content≤180ppm after centrifugation.
Wherein, in step d, the rotating speed of degumming centrifuge is 5000-6000r/min, and centrifugation time is 6-8s.Wherein, in step d, reacted oil is got to plate type heat exchanger by pump, be heated to 80-95 ° of C.
Wherein, in step d, degumming centrifuge is disc centrifuge, utilizes the centrifugation of bottom in and top out to carry out, to reacted crude oil of soybean degumming, being greatly enhanced the effect of centrifugation, makes the rate that of the degummed oil being centrifugally separating to obtain reach 98%-99.5%.
Wherein, in step e, the residual voltage ＜ 300mbar in drying tower, the boiling point ＜ of water 69 DEG C in drying tower.The drying tower of the present invention uses low-temperature negative-pressure drying principles, the residual voltage ＜ 300mbar in drying tower is made by vacuum pump, reduce the boiling point ＜ 69 DEG C of water, thus at low temperatures degummed oil is carried out dehydrate, avoid because high temperature makes oxidation spoiled by rancid oil or fat, it is ensured that the quality of degummed oil finished product is high.
The invention have the benefit that the enzymatic degumming method of the crude oil of soybean of the present invention decreases the loss of production auxiliary materials, reduce production cost, and by the enzyme chemical action to specific phospholipid key, make bond fission, form sweet two fat and phosphate ester, and sweet two liposoluble are in oil, improve product goes out rate, adds the economic benefit of enterprise；The enzymatic degumming method of the crude oil of soybean of the present invention but also by increasing the going out rate of degummed oil and simultaneously, enzymatic degumming technique also reduces the by-product such as oil foot, Fructus Gleditsia in production process, alleviate follow-up environmental protection and keep under strict control the treating capacity of refuse (soap stock)；Simultaneously because reduce the consumption of hot water wash water, corresponding minimizing refining wastewater generation amount, plant effuent is reduced discharging and has good effect.To sum up, the present invention greatly reduces cost, increases economic efficiency, and reduces the generation producing refuse, has a positive effect environmental conservation, and the market competitiveness is strong.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
Following example are the enzymatic degumming method of Brazil Soybeans crude oil.
Embodiment
1
。
A kind of enzymatic degumming method of the crude oil of soybean of the present embodiment, it comprises the following steps:
A, the Brazil Soybeans crude oil that the phosphorus content in crude oil tank is 772ppm is first passed through filter remove impurity, then get to plate type heat exchanger by pump, be heated to 55 ° of C, then pass through pump and squeeze into super mixer；
B, the soft water of phospholipase C that weight ratio is 0.1 ‰ and 2% is pre-mixed formation phospholipase C solution, phospholipase C solution is added super mixer；
C, crude oil of soybean and phospholipase C solution after mix homogeneously, squeeze into enzyme reaction tank by pump in super mixer, standing and reacting 280min in enzyme reaction tank, and the oily phosphorus content after having reacted is 135ppm；
D, utilizing pump to get to plate type heat exchanger reacted oil, be heated to 80 ° of C, subsequently enter disc centrifuge, the rotating speed of disc centrifuge is 5000r/min, and centrifugation time is 8s, is centrifugally separating to obtain degummed oil and colloid, and the rate that goes out of degummed oil is 99%；
E, degummed oil enters drying tower being dried, the residual voltage ＜ 300mbar in drying tower, the dried degumming oil tank that enters stores.
Embodiment
2
。
A kind of enzymatic degumming method of the crude oil of soybean of the present embodiment, it comprises the following steps:
A, the Brazil Soybeans crude oil that the phosphorus content in crude oil tank is 812ppm is first passed through filter remove impurity, then get to plate type heat exchanger by pump, be heated to 57 ° of C, then pass through pump and squeeze into super mixer；
B, the soft water of phospholipase C that weight ratio is 0.15 ‰ and 2.5% is pre-mixed formation phospholipase C solution, phospholipase C solution is added super mixer；
C, crude oil of soybean and phospholipase C solution after mix homogeneously, squeeze into enzyme reaction tank by pump in super mixer, standing and reacting 260min in enzyme reaction tank, and the oily phosphorus content after having reacted is 152ppm；
D, by pump, reacted oil being got to plate type heat exchanger, be heated to 85 ° of C, subsequently enter disc centrifuge, the rotating speed of disc centrifuge is 5022r/min, and centrifugation time is 7.5s, is centrifugally separating to obtain degummed oil and colloid, and the rate that goes out of degummed oil is 98.5%；
E, degummed oil enters drying tower being dried, the residual voltage ＜ 300mbar in drying tower, the dried degumming oil tank that enters stores.
Embodiment
3
。
A kind of enzymatic degumming method of the crude oil of soybean of the present embodiment, it comprises the following steps:
A, the Brazil Soybeans crude oil that the phosphorus content in crude oil tank is 740ppm is first passed through filter remove impurity, then get to plate type heat exchanger by pump, be heated to 60 ° of C, then pass through pump and squeeze into super mixer；
B, the soft water of phospholipase C that weight ratio is 0.2 ‰ and 3% is pre-mixed formation phospholipase C solution, phospholipase C solution is added super mixer；
C, crude oil of soybean and phospholipase C solution after mix homogeneously, squeeze into enzyme reaction tank by pump in super mixer, standing and reacting 230min in enzyme reaction tank, and the oily phosphorus content after having reacted is 128ppm；
D, by pump, reacted oil being got to plate type heat exchanger, be heated to 90 ° of C, subsequently enter disc centrifuge, the rotating speed of disc centrifuge is 5007r/min, and centrifugation time is 7s, is centrifugally separating to obtain degummed oil and colloid, and the rate that goes out of degummed oil is 98.6%；
E, degummed oil enters drying tower being dried, the residual voltage ＜ 300mbar in drying tower, the dried degumming oil tank that enters stores.
Embodiment
4
。
A kind of enzymatic degumming method of the crude oil of soybean of the present embodiment, it comprises the following steps:
A, the Brazil Soybeans crude oil that the phosphorus content in crude oil tank is 817ppm is first passed through filter remove impurity, then get to plate type heat exchanger by pump, be heated to 65 ° of C, then pass through pump and squeeze into super mixer；
B, the soft water of phospholipase C that weight ratio is 0.25 ‰ and 3.5% is pre-mixed formation phospholipase C solution, phospholipase C solution is added super mixer；
C, crude oil of soybean and phospholipase C solution after mix homogeneously, squeeze into enzyme reaction tank by pump in super mixer, standing and reacting 200min in enzyme reaction tank, and the oily phosphorus content after having reacted is 139ppm；
D, by pump, reacted oil being got to plate type heat exchanger, be heated to 95 ° of C, subsequently enter disc centrifuge, the rotating speed of disc centrifuge is 5014r/min, and centrifugation time is 6.5s, is centrifugally separating to obtain degummed oil and colloid, and the rate that goes out of degummed oil is 98.5%；
E, degummed oil enters drying tower being dried, the residual voltage ＜ 300mbar in drying tower, the dried degumming oil tank that enters stores.
Embodiment
5
。
A kind of enzymatic degumming method of the crude oil of soybean of the present embodiment, it comprises the following steps:
A, the Brazil Soybeans crude oil that the phosphorus content in crude oil tank is 774ppm is first passed through filter remove impurity, then get to plate type heat exchanger by pump, be heated to 70 ° of C, then pass through pump and squeeze into super mixer；
B, the soft water of phospholipase C that weight ratio is 0.3 ‰ and 4% is pre-mixed formation phospholipase C solution, phospholipase C solution is added super mixer；
C, crude oil of soybean and phospholipase C solution after mix homogeneously, squeeze into enzyme reaction tank by pump in super mixer, standing and reacting 180min in enzyme reaction tank, and the oily phosphorus content after having reacted is 118ppm；
D, by pump, reacted oil being got to plate type heat exchanger, be heated to 100 ° of C, subsequently enter disc centrifuge, the rotating speed of disc centrifuge is 5010r/min, and centrifugation time is 6s, is centrifugally separating to obtain degummed oil and colloid, and the rate that goes out of degummed oil is 98.8%；
E, degummed oil enters drying tower being dried, the residual voltage ＜ 300mbar in drying tower, the dried degumming oil tank that enters stores.
The degummed oil that the enzymatic degumming method of a kind of crude oil of soybean of embodiments of the invention 1 ~ embodiment 5 prepares go out rate, residual phosphorus, moisture and volatile matter content, the actual achievement data of impurity are shown in Table 1.
Table 1
As shown in Table 1, degummed oil goes out rate more than 98%, and the experimental data of residual phosphorus, moisture and volatile matter content, impurity etc. is all in internal control index, and the neutral oil mass that colloid is carried secretly reduces, and the rate that goes out of degummed oil improves.
The enzymatic degumming method of a kind of crude oil of soybean of embodiments of the invention 1 ~ embodiment 5 and the degummed oil of aquation degumming tech go out the contrast such as rate and supplementary product onsumption and are shown in Table 2.
Table 2
As shown in Table 2, the enzymatic degumming method of the crude oil of soybean of the present invention not only reduces the loss of production auxiliary materials, reduces production cost, but also adds the economic benefit of enterprise by increasing the going out rate of degummed oil.Meanwhile, enzymatic degumming technique also reduces the by-product such as oil foot, soap stock in production process, alleviates follow-up environmental protection and keeps under strict control the treating capacity of refuse (soap stock).Simultaneously because decrease the consumption of washing water, decreasing the generation amount of refining wastewater accordingly, reducing discharging plant effuent has good effect, has the biggest change on reducing cost, increasing the benefit, and the market competitiveness is stronger.
Finally should be noted that; above example is only in order to illustrate technical scheme; rather than limiting the scope of the invention; although having made to explain to the present invention with reference to preferred embodiment; it will be understood by those within the art that; technical scheme can be modified or equivalent, without deviating from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the enzymatic degumming method of a crude oil of soybean, it is characterised in that: it comprises the following steps:
A, the crude oil of soybean in crude oil tank is got to plate type heat exchanger by pump, be heated to 55-70 ° of C, then squeeze into super mixer by pump；
B, phospholipase C and soft water are pre-mixed formation phospholipase C solution, phospholipase C solution is added super mixer；
C, crude oil of soybean and phospholipase C solution after mix homogeneously, squeeze into enzyme reaction tank by pump in super mixer, standing and reacting 180-280min in enzyme reaction tank；
D, reacted oil is got to plate type heat exchanger by pump, be heated to 80-100 ° of C, subsequently enter degumming centrifuge, be centrifugally separating to obtain degummed oil and colloid；
E, degummed oil enters drying tower being dried, the dried degumming oil tank that enters stores.
The enzymatic degumming method of a kind of crude oil of soybean the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: step a removes impurity particularly as follows: the crude oil of soybean in crude oil tank first passes through filter, get to plate type heat exchanger by pump again, be heated to 55-60 ° of C, then pass through pump and squeeze into super mixer.
The enzymatic degumming method of a kind of crude oil of soybean the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: phospholipase C solution, particularly as follows: the soft water of phospholipase C that weight ratio is 0.1 ‰-0.3 ‰ with 2%-4% is pre-mixed formation phospholipase C solution, is added super mixer by step b.
The enzymatic degumming method of a kind of crude oil of soybean the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step c, crude oil of soybean and phospholipase C solution phosphorus content≤180ppm after standing and reacting 180-280min, after being performing centrifugal separation in enzyme reaction tank.
The enzymatic degumming method of a kind of crude oil of soybean the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step d, the rotating speed of degumming centrifuge is 5000-6000r/min, and centrifugation time is 6-8s.
The enzymatic degumming method of a kind of crude oil of soybean the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In step d, reacted oil product is got to plate type heat exchanger by pump, be heated to 80-95 ° of C.
The enzymatic degumming method of a kind of crude oil of soybean the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In step d, degumming centrifuge is disc centrifuge, and the rate that goes out of the degummed oil being centrifugally separating to obtain is 98-99.5%.
The enzymatic degumming method of a kind of crude oil of soybean the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Residual voltage ＜ 300mbar in step e, in drying tower.
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| CN114574281A (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-06-03 | 中粮营养健康研究院有限公司 | Enzymatic degumming method for strong-flavor oil |
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Application publication date: 20160921 |