CN105949635A - 一种纳米材料改性的氯化聚乙烯电缆护套料 - Google Patents

一种纳米材料改性的氯化聚乙烯电缆护套料 Download PDF

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CN105949635A
CN105949635A CN201610551660.8A CN201610551660A CN105949635A CN 105949635 A CN105949635 A CN 105949635A CN 201610551660 A CN201610551660 A CN 201610551660A CN 105949635 A CN105949635 A CN 105949635A
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chlorinated polyethylene
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polyethylene cable
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李君�
张书军
张宝龙
程伟
崔金生
杨启曾
孙连发
田志明
吴健
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TANGSHAN HUATONG SPECIAL CABLE MANUFACTURING CO., LTD.
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种纳米材料改性的氯化聚乙烯电缆护套料，属于电缆材料技术领域。技术方案是：氯化聚乙烯橡胶100份、2,2,4‑三甲基‑1,2‑二氢化喹啉聚合体1‑3份、氧化镁10‑15份、硬脂酸钙3‑6份、Ca‑Zn稳定剂5‑10份、分散剂1‑2份、偶联剂1‑2份、三氧化二锑1‑3份、沉淀法白炭黑20‑30份、片状滑石粉40‑60份、纳米增强粉10‑15份、对苯二甲酸二辛酯10‑15份、己二酸二辛酯5‑10份、过氧化二异丙苯3‑4份、三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯2‑3份。本发明全面提升氯化聚乙烯力学性能和电绝缘性能，提高材料韧性，结构紧密，坚固耐用，安全环保，应用范围广、性能更佳。

Description

一种纳米材料改性的氯化聚乙烯电缆护套料
技术领域
本发明涉及一种纳米材料改性的氯化聚乙烯电缆护套料，属于电缆材料技术领域。
背景技术
氯化聚乙烯电缆料具有良好的机械性能，且生产工艺简单、成本较低，近年来普遍在矿用电缆、橡套电缆生产过程中被用来替代氯丁橡胶，但其力学性能、耐磨、低温等性能还无法达到氯丁橡胶的水平，平均使用寿命也没有氯丁橡胶长。而且随着客户对电缆的认知度加深，对电缆的性能要求逐步提高，环保意识的加强，氯化聚乙烯渐渐无法满足客户们的要求，如何改进其全面性能，包括力学性能、耐高（低）温、耐磨性以及环保等特性，一直是电缆料生产企业研究的方向。
发明内容
本发明目的是提供一种纳米材料改性的氯化聚乙烯电缆护套料，组分中含有纳米级填充材料，全面的提升氯化聚乙烯力学性能、电绝缘性能，提高材料韧性，结构紧密，坚固耐用；组分中采用环保稳定体系代替常规铅稳定体系，增缩剂选用新型环保的DOTP和DOA代替DOP，安全环保，应用范围广、性能更佳，解决背景技术中存在的上述问题。
本发明的技术方案是：
一种纳米材料改性的氯化聚乙烯电缆护套料，其组分及含量如下：
氯化聚乙烯橡胶 100份、2,2,4-三甲基-1,2-二氢化喹啉聚合体 1-3份、氧化镁 10-15份、硬脂酸钙 3-6份、Ca-Zn稳定剂 5-10份、分散剂1-2份、偶联剂1-2份、三氧化二锑 1-3份、沉淀法白炭黑 20-30份、片状滑石粉 40-60份、纳米增强粉 10-15份、对苯二甲酸二辛酯10-15份、己二酸二辛酯5-10份、过氧化二异丙苯 3-4份、三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯 2-3份。
所述分散剂为聚乙烯蜡、硬脂酸、硬脂酸锌、表面处理剂其中一种或两种以上混合，目的在于帮助分散纳米增强粉。
所述偶联剂为偶联剂A-172、A-189、KH590其中一种或两种以上混合，用于帮助纳米增强粉分散，接枝纳米粒子，增强材料结构紧密性。
所述纳米增强粉，是指组成相或相粒结构的长度至少在一维方向上在100纳米以下的材料，包括碳酸钙、氧化锌、二氧化硅其中一种或两种以上组合，纳米粒子具有一些普通粒子不具备的特征，其具有平均粒径小、比表面积大、量子效应、宏观量子隧道效应，能够产生显著有别于宏观尺度材料的奇异特性，通过混配将纳米粒子填充到材料基体中进行改性，核心作用就是使材料分子的结构更加紧密，全面的提升氯化聚乙烯力学性能、电绝缘性能，提高材料韧性。
使用片状滑石粉能够提升氯化聚乙烯护套料的抗冲击性能。
为了满足欧盟环保ROHS要求，采用Ca-Zn稳定剂体系代替常用铅稳定剂体系。欧盟等国家进出口产品对邻苯二甲酸二已酯等酯类增塑剂的加入量控制在0.1%以下，所以组分中选用新型环保的对苯二甲酸二辛酯和己二酸二辛酯代替邻苯二甲酸二已酯，满足环保的同时可以提高材料的耐低温性能。
按以上组分生产的纳米材料改性氯化聚乙烯电缆护套料力学性能可以媲美氯丁橡胶护套材料，拉伸强度可达15MPa，韧性高，耐磨性好，电气性能较普通氯化聚乙烯材料有所提升，体积电阻率可提升10倍，可长期使用在-40℃低温环境，高低温挥发物可减少一半。
本发明的积极效果：组分中含有纳米级填充材料，纳米粒子具有一些普通粒子不具备的特征，其具有平均粒径小、比表面积大、量子效应、宏观量子隧道效应，能够产生显著有别于宏观尺度材料的奇异特性，全面的提升氯化聚乙烯力学性能、电绝缘性能，提高材料韧性，结构紧密，坚固耐用；组分中采用环保稳定体系代替常规铅稳定体系，增缩剂选用新型环保的DOTP和DOA代替DOP，符合欧盟环保检测项目，本电缆料较常规氯化聚乙烯电缆料应用范围更广、性能更佳。
具体实施方式
以下通过实例对本发明作进一步说明。
一种纳米材料改性的氯化聚乙烯电缆护套料，其组分及含量如下：
氯化聚乙烯橡胶 100份、2,2,4-三甲基-1,2-二氢化喹啉聚合体 1-3份、氧化镁 10-15份、硬脂酸钙 3-6份、Ca-Zn稳定剂 5-10份、分散剂1-2份、偶联剂1-2份、三氧化二锑 1-3份、沉淀法白炭黑 20-30份、片状滑石粉 40-60份、纳米增强粉 10-15份、对苯二甲酸二辛酯10-15份、己二酸二辛酯5-10份、过氧化二异丙苯 3-4份、三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯 2-3份。
所述分散剂为聚乙烯蜡、硬脂酸、硬脂酸锌、表面处理剂其中一种或两种以上混合，目的在于帮助分散纳米增强粉。
所述偶联剂为偶联剂A-172、A-189、KH590其中一种或两种以上混合，用于帮助纳米增强粉分散，接枝纳米粒子，增强材料结构紧密性。
所述纳米增强粉，是指组成相或相粒结构的长度至少在一维方向上在100纳米以下的材料，包括碳酸钙、氧化锌、二氧化硅其中一种或两种以上组合，纳米粒子具有一些普通粒子不具备的特征，其具有平均粒径小、比表面积大、量子效应、宏观量子隧道效应，能够产生显著有别于宏观尺度材料的奇异特性，通过混配将纳米粒子填充到材料基体中进行改性，核心作用就是使材料分子的结构更加紧密，全面的提升氯化聚乙烯力学性能、电绝缘性能，提高材料韧性。
使用片状滑石粉能够提升氯化聚乙烯护套料的抗冲击性能。
为了满足欧盟环保ROHS要求，采用Ca-Zn稳定剂体系代替常用铅稳定剂体系。欧盟等国家进出口产品对邻苯二甲酸二已酯等酯类增塑剂的加入量控制在0.1%以下，所以组分中选用新型环保的对苯二甲酸二辛酯和己二酸二辛酯代替邻苯二甲酸二已酯，满足环保的同时可以提高材料的耐低温性能。
按以上组分生产的纳米材料改性氯化聚乙烯电缆护套料力学性能可以媲美氯丁橡胶护套材料，拉伸强度可达15MPa，韧性高，耐磨性好，电气性能较普通氯化聚乙烯材料有所提升，体积电阻率可提升10倍，可长期使用在-40℃低温环境，高低温挥发物可减少一半。
本发明实施例与现有技术生产的氯化聚乙烯电缆料具体性能对比见表1。
总结：通过表1中数据对比可以看出：本专利生产的氯化聚乙烯电缆护套料较现有技术在多个方面具有明显优势，其根本原因是纳米粒子填充到材料基体中使材料分子的结构更加紧密稳定，增塑剂以及稳定剂的选用保证了其性能的优势。本专利技术生产的氯化聚乙烯电缆护套料扩展了氯化聚乙烯材料在电缆中的应用范围。

Claims (4)

1.一种纳米材料改性的氯化聚乙烯电缆护套料，其特征在于组分及含量如下：
氯化聚乙烯橡胶 100份、2,2,4-三甲基-1,2-二氢化喹啉聚合体 1-3份、氧化镁 10-15份、硬脂酸钙 3-6份、Ca-Zn稳定剂 5-10份、分散剂1-2份、偶联剂1-2份、三氧化二锑 1-3份、沉淀法白炭黑 20-30份、片状滑石粉 40-60份、纳米增强粉 10-15份、对苯二甲酸二辛酯10-15份、己二酸二辛酯5-10份、过氧化二异丙苯 3-4份、三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯 2-3份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种纳米材料改性的氯化聚乙烯电缆护套料，其特征在于：所述分散剂为聚乙烯蜡、硬脂酸、硬脂酸锌、表面处理剂其中一种或两种以上混合；所述偶联剂为偶联剂A-172、A-189、KH590其中一种或两种以上混合。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种纳米材料改性的氯化聚乙烯电缆护套料，其特征在于：所述纳米增强粉，是指组成相或相粒结构的长度至少在一维方向上在100纳米以下的材料。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种纳米材料改性的氯化聚乙烯电缆护套料，其特征在于：所述纳米增强粉，包括碳酸钙、氧化锌、二氧化硅其中一种或两种以上组合。
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