CN105945290A - Forging technology for tap-position gear powder for automobile double-clutch transmission - Google Patents
Forging technology for tap-position gear powder for automobile double-clutch transmission Download PDFInfo
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- CN105945290A CN105945290A CN201610389265.4A CN201610389265A CN105945290A CN 105945290 A CN105945290 A CN 105945290A CN 201610389265 A CN201610389265 A CN 201610389265A CN 105945290 A CN105945290 A CN 105945290A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/08—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of toothed articles, e.g. gear wheels; of cam discs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/17—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by forging
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- Gears, Cams (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a forging technology for tap-position gear powder for an automobile double-clutch transmission. The forging technology comprises the first step of material mixing, the second step of pressing, the third step of sintering, the fourth step of blank manufacturing, the fifth step of normalizing, the sixth step of turning, the seventh step of carbonizing and quenching, the eighth step of tempering, the ninth step of grinding and the tenth step of phosphorous saponification treatment, cleaning, polishing and rust-preventing oil coating. The powder forging technology is adopted in the technology, a die conforming to a tap-position gear structure is matched, and therefore waste of powder can be effectively reduced, and the utilization efficiency is improved; the powder is formed by mixing alloy steel powder, and the performance of a tap-position gear can be effectively improved through adding of multiple elements; and the obtained tap-position gear is high in hardness, good in abrasion resistance and high in corrosion resistance, the forging cost is low, and the forging technology is friendly to the environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of automobile double clutch gearbox shifting gear powder forging technique.
Background technology
Double clutch gearboxes are called for short DCT, and English full name is Dual Clutch Transmission, in
Literary composition translation comes be " direct manual transmission ", because it has two groups of clutches, so also having
Many people are the most just its double-clutch speed changer.Clutch, between electromotor and variator, is
" switch " that electromotor transmits with transmission power, it is that one can transmit power, can cut off again
The drive mechanism of power.Its effect mainly ensures automobile energy gentle start, subtracts during gear shift
The shock loading of light change-speed gearing also prevents power train from transshipping.On general automobile, during car gear shifting
By clutch separation with engage realization, separate between engaging, dynamic transmission is temporarily interrupted
Phenomenon.
Shifting gear is the vitals of automobile double clutch speed changer, its performance, the quality of quality,
Directly affect the whether smooth and easy of double-clutch speed changer operating.
For the processing of automobile double clutch speed changer shifting gear, currently mainly use forging
Technique, forging is that one utilizes metal forming machinery that metal stock is applied pressure so that it is produces plasticity and becomes
Shape has certain mechanical performance, definite shape and the processing method of size forging to obtain, forging and stamping (forging
Make and punching press) one of two big ingredients.Metal can be eliminated by forging to produce in smelting process
The defects such as raw as cast condition is loose, optimize heterogeneous microstructure, simultaneously because save complete metal
Streamline, the mechanical performance of forging generally to be preferred over the foundry goods of same material.In associated mechanical load high,
The strength member that working condition is severe, except sheet material, section bar or the weldering of the better simply available rolling of shape
Outside fitting, use forging more.
Wherein, forging materials are mainly carbon steel and the steel alloy of various composition, next to that aluminum, magnesium,
Copper, titanium etc. and alloy thereof.The initial condition of material has bar, ingot casting, metal dust and liquid gold
Belong to.The ratio of area of section after metal area of section before being deformed and deformation is referred to as forging ratio.Just
Really select forging ratio, rational heating-up temperature and temperature retention time, rational initial forging temperature and finish-forging
Temperature, rational deflection and deformation velocity have much relations to raising product quality, reduction cost.
Power forging, powder forging, it is common that refer to heated for powder sintered preform
After, closed mould is forged into the forming process of part.It is by prior powder metallurgy and essence
A kind of new technology that close forging combines, and both advantage held concurrently.Density can be produced close to material
The powder forging of material solid density, overcomes the low density shortcoming of ordinary powder metallurgy component.Make powder
Some physical and mechanical properties of end forging meets or exceeds the level of common forgings, meanwhile, again
Maintain ordinary powder metallurgy consider to be worth doing less, the advantage of chipless technique.By appropriate design preform and
Carry out less, non-trimming forges, and has shaping accurately, and stock utilization is high, forges consuming little energy
Etc. feature.
At present, domestic discovery is forged about the powder in automobile double clutch gearbox shifting gear
Make technique, and for powder forging process, domestic be primarily present following patent documentation:
Patent publication No.: CN105312585A, discloses the powder of a kind of forklift gear-box gear
Forging method, it include dispensing and batch mixing, suppress, sinter, forge, heat treatment, shot blasting on surface
The steps such as intensive treatment.Compared with prior art, powder forging process of the present invention is used to prepare
Forklift gear-box gear has preferable combination property, not only has higher intensity and hardness, also
There is excellent toughness, wearability, fatigue durability and impact resistance, be suitable for forklift gear-box
The requirement of the such medium-term and long-term work of environment being subject to bigger impulsive force and abrasion of gear.But,
This patent is mainly used in the power forging of gearbox gear, and it is only at power forging stage procedure
That manages is more detailed, and for the post processing after having forged, the most only only has heat treatment and ball blast,
Lacking the grinding for gear surface and other process, gear surface performance and intensity are undesirable.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problem of above-mentioned existence, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of automobile double clutch and become
Speed case shifting gear powder forging technique, uses powder forging technique, coordinates and meets shifting gear
The mould of structure, is effectively reduced powder waste, promotes utilization ratio, and powder uses powdered alloy steel
End is mixed to form, the interpolation of multiple element, can effectively promote shifting gear quality, gained gear teeth
Wheel hardness is high, and wearability is good, and rotproofness is high, forges and presses low cost, and Forging Technology is environmentally friendly.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme is that
A kind of automobile double clutch gearbox shifting gear powder forging technique, comprises the steps:
1) batch mixing
By NS322 nickel-molybdenum alloy powdered steel, 20CrMnTi alloy steel powder and W18Cr4V alloy
Powdered steel mixes 20～30min with the mass ratio of 5～8:6～9:2～3 in mixer；
2) compacting
By step 1) gained batch mixing send into press be pressed into crude green body, press power is 2～3t/cm2；
3) sintering
By step 2) gained crude green body sends in sintering furnace, is sintered under protective gas atmosphere, burn
Junction temperature 800～900 DEG C, sintering time 1～2 hours；
4) base
By step 3) crude green body after sintering puts in hotdie forging press and forges, and forging pressure begins
Forging temperature 1100～1200 DEG C, final forging temperature 950～1050 DEG C, obtain described shifting gear blank, base
Between part height and blank diameter, ratio is 1.5～2.5；
5) normalizing
Described blank is placed in normalizing furnace, with the ramp of 1.5～2 DEG C/min to 680～700 DEG C,
Again with the ramp of 1.0～1.5 DEG C/min to 960～1050 DEG C, it is incubated and comes out of the stove for 2～2.5 hours, empty
It is cooled to room temperature, rate of cooling 10～15 DEG C/min；
6) turnery processing
Use numerically controlled lathe that the blank after normalized treatment is carried out turnery processing, carry out trimming, punching,
Synchronously completing the processing of blank aperture, end face and cylindrical, aperture, end face and cylindrical are reserved respectively
The allowance of 1～2mm, integral surface roughness is Ra5～6 μm；
7) carburizing, quenching
Blank after turnery processing is placed in heating furnace, with 15～20 DEG C/min's in carburizer
Ramp carries out carburizing to 900～950 DEG C, and carburizing time 2～4 hours, by the gear after carburizing
Being cooled to 810～850 DEG C, samming 1～1.5 hours, then at 80～100 DEG C of oil quenchings that quench；
8) tempering
Blank after quenching is sent into tempering furnace carries out temper, temperature 500～550 DEG C,
After insulation 2～4h, it is cooled to room temperature with the speed of 10 DEG C/min；
9) grinding
Aperture, end face and the cylindrical of the blank after temper is carried out grinding, and grinding is removed
Excircle machining surplus to surface roughness is Ra0.6～0.8 μm, and grinding removes aperture allowance extremely
Surface roughness is Ra0.6～0.8 μm, and grinding is removed end face allowance and to surface roughness is
Ra0.6～0.8 μm；
10) phospholeumization processes, clears up, polishes, is coated with antirust oil
Blank after grinding being processed carries out phospholeum process, and surface scale is removed in cleaning,
Feeding gear burnishing machine polishes, and coats antirust oil, is dried, and obtains described automobile double clutch gearbox and uses
Shifting gear.
Further, step 4) forging force is 800～1000MPa in described hotdie forging press.
Separately, step 4) forging ratio is 2～3 in described hotdie forging press.
Separately have, step 4) used by hotdie forging press be 1600T hotdie forging press or 4000T heat
Drop press.
Again, step 4) described in forging use closed type hot die forging.
Further, step 7) used by carburizer be kerosene.
And, step 7) in described carburization step, carburizing is divided into initial period, oozes stage and diffusion by force
In the stage, the carbon potential CP of initial period is 0.8～0.9C%, oozes by force the carbon potential CP in stage and is
0.9～1.02C%；The carbon potential 0.75～0.5C% of diffusion phase, the time of initial period is 0.5～0.8
Hour, ooze by force the time 1.2～2.5 hours in stage, the time of diffusion phase is 0.3～0.7 hour.
Separately, the described phospholeumization process time is 1～2 hour.
Again, described protective gas is nitrogen or argon.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is:
Described Forging Technology combines automobile double clutch gearbox shifting gear structure specialized designs, no
Needing the operations such as shaving, processing step is reasonable in design, with strong points, uses powder forging technique,
Using impression die forging, forging does not has overlap, and without spillage of material, final machine-finish allowance is little, from
Powder raw material is to finished gear, and total stock utilization is up to more than 95%, and gained shifting gear is adopted
Forming with the mixing forging and stamping of several high performance alloys powdered steel, tooth surface hardness is 55～60HRC；Have
Effect hardened-depth HV550；Core hardness 35～40HRC, adapts to the characteristic of automobile differential operating,
Tensile strength is up to 900～950MPa, and yield strength is up to 800～850MPa, follows at relieving fatigue
Ring group plinth N=5 × 107Time, idle gear bending fatigue limit σflimUp to 480～500MPa, pass through
Phospholeumization processes, clears up, polishes, is coated with antirust oil process, and idle gear surface gloss is high, attractive in appearance
Practical.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of automobile double clutch gearbox shifting gear powder forging provided by the present invention
The structural representation of technique gained shifting gear.
Detailed description of the invention
Following example are used for illustrating the present invention, but can not be used for limiting the scope of the present invention.Implement
The implementation condition used in example can be for further adjustments according to the condition of producer, unaccounted enforcement
Condition is usually conventional laboratory conditions.
See Fig. 1, a kind of automobile double clutch gearbox shifting gear powder provided by the present invention
Forging Technology gained shifting gear is five grades of gears, including an annulus 100, connects one in annulus 100
Loop concave 101, connects a cylinder 102 in loop concave 101, loop concave 101 surface is circumferentially
Equi-spaced apart offers 6 through holes 103.
The present invention provides a kind of automobile double clutch gearbox shifting gear powder forging technique, including
Following steps:
1) batch mixing
By NS322 nickel-molybdenum alloy powdered steel, 20CrMnTi alloy steel powder and W18Cr4V alloy
Powdered steel mixes 20～30min with the mass ratio of 5～8:6～9:2～3 in mixer；
2) compacting
By step 1) gained batch mixing send into press be pressed into crude green body, press power is 2～3t/cm2；
3) sintering
By step 2) gained crude green body sends in sintering furnace, is sintered under protective gas atmosphere, burn
Junction temperature 800～900 DEG C, sintering time 1～2 hours；
4) base
By step 3) crude green body after sintering puts in hotdie forging press and forges, and forging pressure begins
Forging temperature 1100～1200 DEG C, final forging temperature 950～1050 DEG C, obtain described shifting gear blank, base
Between part height and blank diameter, ratio is 1.5～2.5；
5) normalizing
Described blank is placed in normalizing furnace, with the ramp of 1.5～2 DEG C/min to 680～700 DEG C,
Again with the ramp of 1.0～1.5 DEG C/min to 960～1050 DEG C, it is incubated and comes out of the stove for 2～2.5 hours, empty
It is cooled to room temperature, rate of cooling 10～15 DEG C/min；
6) turnery processing
Use numerically controlled lathe that the blank after normalized treatment is carried out turnery processing, carry out trimming, punching,
Synchronously completing the processing of blank aperture, end face and cylindrical, aperture, end face and cylindrical are reserved respectively
The allowance of 1～2mm, integral surface roughness is Ra5～6 μm；
7) carburizing, quenching
Blank after turnery processing is placed in heating furnace, with 15～20 DEG C/min's in carburizer
Ramp carries out carburizing to 900～950 DEG C, and carburizing time 2～4 hours, by the gear after carburizing
Being cooled to 810～850 DEG C, samming 1～1.5 hours, then at 80～100 DEG C of oil quenchings that quench；
8) tempering
Blank after quenching is sent into tempering furnace carries out temper, temperature 500～550 DEG C,
After insulation 2～4h, it is cooled to room temperature with the speed of 10 DEG C/min；
9) grinding
Aperture, end face and the cylindrical of the blank after temper is carried out grinding, and grinding is removed
Excircle machining surplus to surface roughness is Ra0.6～0.8 μm, and grinding removes aperture allowance extremely
Surface roughness is Ra0.6～0.8 μm, and grinding is removed end face allowance and to surface roughness is
Ra0.6～0.8 μm；
10) phospholeumization processes, clears up, polishes, is coated with antirust oil
Blank after grinding being processed carries out phospholeum process, and surface scale is removed in cleaning,
Feeding gear burnishing machine polishes, and coats antirust oil, is dried, and obtains described automobile double clutch gearbox and uses
Shifting gear.
Further, step 4) forging force is 800～1000MPa in described hotdie forging press.
Separately, step 4) forging ratio is 2～3 in described hotdie forging press.
Separately have, step 4) used by hotdie forging press be 1600T hotdie forging press or 4000T heat
Drop press.
Again, step 4) described in forging use closed type hot die forging.
Further, step 7) used by carburizer be kerosene.
And, step 7) in described carburization step, carburizing is divided into initial period, oozes stage and diffusion by force
In the stage, the carbon potential CP of initial period is 0.8～0.9C%, oozes by force the carbon potential CP in stage and is
0.9～1.02C%；The carbon potential 0.75～0.5C% of diffusion phase, the time of initial period is 0.5～0.8
Hour, ooze by force the time 1.2～2.5 hours in stage, the time of diffusion phase is 0.3～0.7 hour.
Separately, the described phospholeumization process time is 1～2 hour.
Again, described protective gas is nitrogen or argon.
Wherein, a kind of automobile double clutch gearbox that table 1 is provided by each embodiment of the present invention is used
The mechanical performance list of shifting gear powder forging technique gained shifting gear.
Table 1
A kind of automobile double clutch gearbox shifting gear powder forging technique provided by the present invention,
Described Forging Technology combines automobile double clutch gearbox shifting gear structure specialized designs, it is not necessary to
The operations such as shaving, processing step is reasonable in design, with strong points, uses powder forging technique, uses
Impression die forging, forging does not has overlap, and without spillage of material, final machine-finish allowance is little, from powder
Raw material is to finished gear, and total stock utilization is up to more than 95%, and gained shifting gear uses several
Planting the mixing forging and stamping of high performance alloys powdered steel to form, tooth surface hardness is HRC55～60HRC；Have
Effect hardened-depth HV550；Core hardness HRC35～40HRC, adapt to automobile differential operating
Characteristic, tensile strength is up to 900～950MPa, and yield strength is up to 800～850MPa, is releasing
N=5 × 10, fatigue and cyclic basis7Time, idle gear bending fatigue limit σflimUp to 480～500MPa,
Being processed by phospholeumization, clear up, polish, be coated with antirust oil process, idle gear surface gloss is high,
Both artistic and practical.
It should be noted that above example is only in order to illustrate technical scheme rather than limit
System.Although the present invention being described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, the ordinary skill of this area
Personnel should be appreciated that and can modify the technical scheme of invention or equivalent, and do not take off
From the scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be contained in scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (9)
1. an automobile double clutch gearbox shifting gear powder forging technique, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
1) batch mixing
NS322 nickel-molybdenum alloy powdered steel, 20CrMnTi alloy steel powder and W18Cr4V alloy steel powder are mixed 20 ~ 30min with the mass ratio of 5 ~ 8:6 ~ 9:2 ~ 3 in mixer；
2) compacting
By step 1) gained batch mixing send into press be pressed into crude green body, press power is 2 ~ 3t/cm2；
3) sintering
By step 2) gained crude green body sends in sintering furnace, is sintered, sintering temperature 800 ~ 900 DEG C, sintering time 1 ~ 2 hour under protective gas atmosphere；
4) base
By step 3) crude green body after sintering puts in hotdie forging press and forges, forging pressure initial forging temperature 1100 ~ 1200 DEG C, final forging temperature 950 ~ 1050 DEG C, obtains described shifting gear blank, and between blank height and blank diameter, ratio is 1.5 ~ 2.5；
5) normalizing
Described blank is placed in normalizing furnace, with the ramp of 1.5 ~ 2 DEG C/min to 680 ~ 700 DEG C, then with the ramp of 1.0 ~ 1.5 DEG C/min to 960 ~ 1050 DEG C, is incubated and comes out of the stove for 2 ~ 2.5 hours, air cooling to room temperature, 10 ~ 15 DEG C/min of rate of cooling；
6) turnery processing
Using numerically controlled lathe that the blank after normalized treatment is carried out turnery processing, carry out trimming, punching, synchronously complete the processing of blank aperture, end face and cylindrical, aperture, end face and cylindrical reserve the allowance of 1 ~ 2mm respectively, and integral surface roughness is Ra5 ~ 6 μm；
7) carburizing, quenching
Blank after turnery processing is placed in heating furnace, in carburizer, the ramp with 15 ~ 20 DEG C/min carries out carburizing, carburizing time 2 ~ 4 hours to 900 ~ 950 DEG C, and the gear after carburizing is cooled to 810 ~ 850 DEG C, samming 1 ~ 1.5 hour, then at 80 ~ 100 DEG C of oil quenchings that quench；
8) tempering
Blank after quenching is sent into tempering furnace carries out temper, temperature 500 ~ 550 DEG C, after insulation 2 ~ 4h, it is cooled to room temperature with the speed of 10 DEG C/min；
9) grinding
Aperture, end face and the cylindrical of the blank after temper is carried out grinding, it is Ra0.6 ~ 0.8 μm that Excircle machining surplus to surface roughness is removed in grinding, it is Ra0.6 ~ 0.8 μm to surface roughness that aperture allowance is removed in grinding, and it is Ra0.6 ~ 0.8 μm that end face allowance to surface roughness is removed in grinding；
10) phospholeumization processes, clears up, polishes, is coated with antirust oil
Blank after grinding being processed carries out phospholeum process, and surface scale is removed in cleaning, sends into gear burnishing machine polishing, coats antirust oil, is dried, obtains described automobile double clutch gearbox shifting gear.
A kind of automobile double clutch gearbox shifting gear powder forging technique the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 4) forging force is 800 ~ 1000MPa in described hotdie forging press.
A kind of automobile double clutch gearbox shifting gear powder forging technique the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 4) forging ratio is 2 ~ 3 in described hotdie forging press.
A kind of automobile double clutch gearbox shifting gear powder forging technique the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 4) used by hotdie forging press be 1600T hotdie forging press or 4000T hotdie forging press.
A kind of automobile double clutch gearbox shifting gear powder forging technique the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 4) described in forging use closed type hot die forging.
A kind of automobile double clutch gearbox shifting gear powder forging technique the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 7) used by carburizer be kerosene.
A kind of automobile double clutch gearbox shifting gear powder forging technique the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step 7) in described carburization step, carburizing is divided into initial period, oozes stage and diffusion phase by force, the carbon potential CP of initial period is 0.8 ~ 0.9C%, and the carbon potential CP oozing by force the stage is 0.9 ~ 1.02C%；Carbon potential 0.75 ~ the 0.5C% of diffusion phase, the time of initial period is 0.5 ~ 0.8 hour, oozes by force 1.2 ~ 2.5 hours time in stage, and the time of diffusion phase is 0.3 ~ 0.7 hour.
A kind of automobile double clutch gearbox shifting gear powder forging technique the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the described phospholeumization process time is 1 ~ 2 hour.
A kind of automobile double clutch gearbox shifting gear powder forging technique the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described protective gas is nitrogen or argon.
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| CN201610389265.4A CN105945290A (en) | 2016-06-03 | 2016-06-03 | Forging technology for tap-position gear powder for automobile double-clutch transmission |
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| CN201610389265.4A CN105945290A (en) | 2016-06-03 | 2016-06-03 | Forging technology for tap-position gear powder for automobile double-clutch transmission |
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| CN106756754A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-05-31 | 中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 | The carburization quenching method of automobile gearbox gear |
| CN112935255A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-06-11 | 安徽和丰硬质合金有限公司 | Forging and pressing forming processing device for tungsten-cobalt alloy powder |
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| CN106756754A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-05-31 | 中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 | The carburization quenching method of automobile gearbox gear |
| CN106756754B (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2019-09-27 | 中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 | The carburization quenching method of automobile gearbox gear |
| CN112935255A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-06-11 | 安徽和丰硬质合金有限公司 | Forging and pressing forming processing device for tungsten-cobalt alloy powder |
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Application publication date: 20160921 |