CN105945283A - Rapid prototyping and manufacturing method for mobile powder bed type electron beam - Google Patents
Rapid prototyping and manufacturing method for mobile powder bed type electron beam Download PDFInfo
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- CN105945283A CN105945283A CN201610404088.2A CN201610404088A CN105945283A CN 105945283 A CN105945283 A CN 105945283A CN 201610404088 A CN201610404088 A CN 201610404088A CN 105945283 A CN105945283 A CN 105945283A
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- electron beam
- powder bed
- control system
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- apparatus control
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/31—Calibration of process steps or apparatus settings, e.g. before or during manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
- B22F10/362—Process control of energy beam parameters for preheating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
- B22F10/366—Scanning parameters, e.g. hatch distance or scanning strategy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/40—Radiation means
- B22F12/46—Radiation means with translatory movement
- B22F12/47—Radiation means with translatory movement parallel to the deposition plane
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention provides a rapid prototyping and manufacturing method for a mobile powder bed type electron beam. The method comprises following steps: data obtained after slicing and layering treatment of a three-dimensional entity part model figure are guided into an equipment control system; through the equipment control system, a right-angle coordinate system is built on a powder bed working surface; through the equipment control system and a drive device, an electronic gun moves linearly along the X axis in the horizontal direction, a powder bed moves along the Y axis in the horizontal direction, and according to the given sequence and technological parameters, layered data tracing points of different areas are sequentially subject to scanning and melting until part prototyping is completed; and according to the rapid prototyping and manufacturing method, the positions of the electron beam and the scanning areas are adjusted to achieve the aim of reducing the deflection angle of the electron beam, the beam current quality of the electron beam is ensured, and the prototyping precision and the quality of prototyped parts are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to increase material and manufacture field, be specifically related to a kind of mobile powder bed electron beam quick forming fabri-cation
Method.
Background technology
Increase material manufacturing technology and have another name called 3D printing or Rapid Prototyping technique.It is that one is with mathematical model file
Basis, use metal dust, metal wire material or can cohesive plastic or other material, by successively stacking accumulation
Mode carrys out the technology of constructed object.Fast Forming Technique is widely used in Making mold, industrial design etc.
Field, is now increasingly used for application (the such as hip pass of the direct manufacture of some products, particularly some high values
Joint or tooth, or some airplane components).
Metallic element method for quickly forming and manufacturing mainly has Laser Melting Deposition based on synchronous powder feeding system directly to make
Making technology (Laser Melting Deposition, hereinafter referred to as LMD technology), selective laser is melted
(Selective Laser Melting, hereinafter referred to as SLM technology), electron beam based on automatic feeding are molten
Silk increases material manufacturing technology (Electron Beam Wire Melting, hereinafter referred to as EBWM technology), based on powder
End bed set selective laser fusing increase material manufacturing technology (Selective Laser Melting, hereinafter referred to as
SLM technology), electron beam selective melting shape (Electron Beam Selective Melting, below letter
Claim EBSM technology) etc. method.
Wherein, electron beam selective melting Rapid Manufacturing Technology (EBSM) refers to that electron beam drives at deflection coil
Down by the path progressive scan planned in advance, the metal dust of fusing lay, pile up layer by layer, produce needs
Metal parts, this technology has the advantage that
1) formation of parts dimensional accuracy is high, can not do any post processing or simple surface process after through simple machine
Final utilization state is formed after tool processing, highly shortened product development cycle；
2) electron beam can imperceptible focus on, and beam spot diameter, can reach below 0.1um, scans burn-off rate
Up to 8000mm/s, forming speed is fast；
3) powder bed can be preheated by electron beam selective melting technology, makes part forming process be maintained at one relatively
High temperature, reduces the defect occurrence probability such as residual stress height that part thermal stress causes, crackle, deformation.
But, existing electron beam selective melting forming technique is all to realize electron beam to necessarily by deflection coil
In region, the fusing of metal dust accurate scan shapes.Electron beam is not to be exactly perpendicularly to after deflection coil
Working surface, but in vertical direction with certain angle.Along with the increase of deflection of a beam of electrons angle, electron beam
Quality of beam declines to a great extent, and electromagnetic calibration cannot guarantee that quality of beam meets the needs of shaping.Additionally, electronics
Beam steering angle increases the beam spot of powder bed shaped region edge certain deformation, causes melting pool shape and energy
There is deviation in amount distribution, thus causes formation of parts precision and forming quality poor.In a word, parts are being ensured
On the premise of the accuracy of manufacture and quality, simple dependence electron beam electromagnetic deflection scanning can not produce large-size
Parts.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to, solve electron beam selective melting forming technique formed precision and Forming Quality is poor
Problem.
It is an object of the invention to realize by the following technical solutions.
A kind of mobile powder bed electron beam quick forming fabri-cation method, comprises the following steps: step S1: by three
Data after the dimension sliced layered shaping of entity component illustraton of model import in apparatus control system；Step S2: logical
Cross described apparatus control system and set up rectangular coordinate system at powder bed working surface, determine coordinate axes X, Y and coordinate
Initial point O；Step S3: by described apparatus control system by powder bed surface electronic bundle scanning area along X-axis and Y
Direction of principal axis is divided into the rectangular area of several equal sized grid types；Step S4: set by described
Standby control system precalculates the individual-layer data tracing point that will scan in the coordinate system that step S2 is set up
Coordinate position data, determines that the coordinate of the described individual-layer data tracing point that will scan is belonging respectively in step S3
Which region；Step S5: lay metal dust on powder bed carrying platform by paving powder equipment；Step S6:
Make electron gun move along a straight line along X-axis in the horizontal direction by described apparatus control system and driving means, make institute
State powder bed to move along Y-axis in the horizontal direction, according to given order and technological parameter successively to zones of different
Individual-layer data track is scanned fusing；Step S7: powder bed carrying platform declines certain altitude；Step S8:
Repeat step S4～S7, until completing forming parts.
In one embodiment, in step s 6, the central axis of described electron gun passes through described rectangular area
Central point.
In one embodiment, in described step S6, to whole works between each layer there or between zones of different
Make region or subregion and carry out electron beam scanning preheating, make the thermograde that the holding of part different parts is less.
In one embodiment, the forming process of described quick forming fabri-cation method is carried out under vacuum.
Compared to prior art, the forming method that the present invention provides is by adjusting the position of electron beam and scanning area
Put the deflection angle realizing reducing electron beam, advantageously ensure that electron beam quality of beam, improve forming accuracy and
Formation of parts quality.
Described above is only the general introduction of technical solution of the present invention, in order to better understand the technology of the present invention
Means, and can being practiced according to the content of description, and in order to allow the present invention above and other purpose,
Feature and advantage can become apparent, and below especially exemplified by preferred embodiment, and coordinates accompanying drawing, describes in detail such as
Under.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the mobile powder bed electron beam selective melting quick forming fabri-cation method that the embodiment of the present invention provides
Schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
For the ease of understanding the present invention, below with reference to relevant drawings, the present invention is described more fully.
Accompanying drawing gives the better embodiment of the present invention.But, the present invention can come in many different forms
Realize, however it is not limited to embodiments described herein.On the contrary, provide the purpose of these embodiments to be
Make the disclosure is understood more thorough comprehensively.
Unless otherwise defined, all of technology used herein and scientific terminology and the technology belonging to the present invention
The implication that the technical staff in field is generally understood that is identical.The art used the most in the description of the invention
Language is intended merely to describe the purpose of specific embodiment, it is not intended that in limiting the present invention.Used herein
Term " and/or " include the arbitrary and all of combination of one or more relevant Listed Items.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is that the mobile powder bed electron beam selective melting that the embodiment of the present invention provides is the most rapid-result
The principle schematic of type manufacture method.
Step S1: the data after sliced for Three-dimensional Entity Components illustraton of model layered shaping are imported equipment and controls system
In system (not shown).
Step S2: set up rectangular coordinate system by apparatus control system at powder bed working surface, determine coordinate axes
X, Y and zero O, as shown in Figure 1.
Step S3: by the computer of apparatus control system by the electron beam scanning district of powder bed working surface 200
Territory is divided into the rectangular area of several equal sized grid types along X-axis and Y direction.Such as,
From 11st district ... 1n district ... n1 district ... to nn district, n × n region altogether.Rectangular area just can be
Square, rectangle.
Step S4: precalculated the individual-layer data tracing point that will scan by apparatus control system in step S2
Coordinate position data in the rectangular coordinate system set up, determines the seat of the individual-layer data tracing point that will scan
Which region mark is belonging respectively in step S3.Such as, the coordinate of the individual-layer data tracing point that will scan is positioned at
N1 district.
Step S5: lay metal dust to powder bed working surface by paving powder equipment.
Step S6: make electron gun in level side by apparatus control system and driving means (not shown)
Move along a straight line to along X-axis, make powder bed move along Y-axis in the horizontal direction, join according to given order and technique
Number individual-layer data track to zones of different successively is scanned fusing.
Specifically, electron gun moves along two electron gun X-axis line slideways X-direction in the horizontal direction,
Powder bed moves along two powder bed Y-axis line slideways Y direction in the horizontal direction.
In the present embodiment, demixing scan track is circular.
Step S7: the carrying platform (not shown) of powder bed declines certain altitude, continues the one-tenth of next layer
Type.
Step S8: repeat step S4～S7, until completing forming parts.
Preferably, the central axis of the electron gun central point by region to be scanned, the central point in such as n1 district.
Preferably, between each layer there or between zones of different, whole working regions or subregion are carried out electronics
Bundle scanning preheating, makes the thermograde that the holding of part different parts is less.
Preferably, the forming process of whole quick forming fabri-cation method is carried out under vacuumized conditions.
A kind of electron beam selective melting quick forming method of the present invention, can effectively reduce the inclined of electron beam
Gyration, it is ensured that the beam spot shape of electron beam quality of beam and shaped region edge, thus improve electricity
Melting pool shape and Energy distribution when son bundle scanning fusing shapes.
Use forming method that the present invention provides can manufactured parts size than not possessing powder bed and electron beam moves
Big more than 3 times of the accessory size that the electron beam selective melting equipment of function produces, the manufacture size of part reaches
Infinitely great.It addition, the forming method that the present invention provides assists with the measure of scanning preheating powder bed simultaneously, have concurrently
The high dimensional accuracy of electron beam powder compacting part, high forming efficiency and high inside parts quality excellent
Point.
Embodiment described above only have expressed the several embodiments of the present invention, and it describes more concrete and detailed,
But therefore can not be interpreted as the restriction to the scope of the claims of the present invention.It should be pointed out that, for this area
Those of ordinary skill for, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, it is also possible to make some deformation and
Improving, these broadly fall into protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be with appended
Claim is as the criterion.
Claims (4)
1. a mobile powder bed electron beam quick forming fabri-cation method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step S1: the data after sliced for Three-dimensional Entity Components illustraton of model layered shaping are imported in apparatus control system；
Step S2: set up rectangular coordinate system by described apparatus control system at powder bed working surface, determine coordinate axes
X, Y and zero O；
Step S3: by described apparatus control system by powder bed working surface electron beam scanning region along X-axis and Y-axis
Direction is divided into the rectangular area of several equal sized grid types；
Step S4: precalculated the individual-layer data tracing point that will scan by described apparatus control system in step S2
Coordinate position data in the rectangular coordinate system of middle foundation, determines the described individual-layer data tracing point that will scan
Coordinate be belonging respectively in step S3 which region；
Step S5: lay metal dust to powder bed working surface by paving powder equipment；
Step S6: make electron gun transport along X-axis straight line in the horizontal direction by described apparatus control system and driving means
Dynamic, make described powder bed move along Y-axis in the horizontal direction, and the most right according to given order and technological parameter
The individual-layer data tracing point of zones of different is scanned fusing；
Step S7: powder bed carrying platform declines certain altitude；
Step S8: repeat step S4～S7, until completing forming parts.
2. mobile powder bed electron beam quick forming fabri-cation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In step s 6, the central axis of the described electron gun central point by described rectangular area.
3. mobile powder bed electron beam quick forming fabri-cation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In described step S6, between each layer there or between zones of different, whole working regions or subregion are carried out
Electron beam scanning preheats, and makes the thermograde that the holding of part different parts is less.
4. mobile powder bed electron beam quick forming fabri-cation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
The forming process stating quick forming fabri-cation method is carried out under vacuumized conditions.
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| CN201610404088.2A CN105945283B (en) | 2016-06-08 | 2016-06-08 | Mobile powder bed type electron beam quick forming fabri-cation method |
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| CN201610404088.2A CN105945283B (en) | 2016-06-08 | 2016-06-08 | Mobile powder bed type electron beam quick forming fabri-cation method |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106563805A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-04-19 | 西安智熔金属打印系统有限公司 | Additive manufacturing device and method |
| CN106825569A (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2017-06-13 | 天津清研智束科技有限公司 | Increasing material manufacturing method and increasing material manufacturing device with preheating function |
| CN106863796A (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2017-06-20 | 窦鹤鸿 | Selective laser melting appartus, component and 3D printer |
| CN107755696A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2018-03-06 | 西安智熔金属打印系统有限公司 | Electron beam constituency pre-heating scan method |
| WO2018133799A1 (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2018-07-26 | 清华大学 | Additive manufacturing equipment utilizing combined electron beam selective melting and electron beam butting |
| CN109622965A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-04-16 | 西安智熔金属打印系统有限公司 | Electron beam selective melting shapes pre-heating scan method |
| CN111215628A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-06-02 | 西北有色金属研究院 | Planning method for scanning path of 3D printing dot matrix material |
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| CN111215628A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-06-02 | 西北有色金属研究院 | Planning method for scanning path of 3D printing dot matrix material |
| CN111215628B (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-11-24 | 西北有色金属研究院 | Planning method for scanning path of 3D printing dot matrix material |
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| CN105945283B (en) | 2018-05-22 |
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