CN105944567B - Marine exhaust denitrating system - Google Patents
Marine exhaust denitrating system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105944567B CN105944567B CN201610474217.5A CN201610474217A CN105944567B CN 105944567 B CN105944567 B CN 105944567B CN 201610474217 A CN201610474217 A CN 201610474217A CN 105944567 B CN105944567 B CN 105944567B
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 151
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 12
- BIGPRXCJEDHCLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium bisulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].OS([O-])(=O)=O BIGPRXCJEDHCLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 10
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000010759 marine diesel oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010812 mixed waste Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- -1 cans Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010794 food waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/90—Injecting reactants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/8631—Processes characterised by a specific device
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/96—Regeneration, reactivation or recycling of reactants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/45—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications
- B01D2259/4566—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications for use in transportation means
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of marine exhaust denitrating system, including exhaust gas denitration pipeline are connected by the exhaust end of the first valve and diesel engine；Waste gas bypass line is connected by the exhaust end of the second valve and diesel engine；Benitration reactor is connected in exhaust gas denitration pipeline；Pipeline is heated, is connect with incinerator by third valve；Bypass line is heated, is connect with incinerator by the 4th valve；First valve is closed with third valve opening, the second valve and the 4th valve, is burned the heated pipeline of furnace exhaust and is entered Benitration reactor progress denitration after exhaust gas denitration pipeline carries out mixing temperature adjustment with diesel exhaust；First valve is closed with third valve, the second valve and the 4th valve opening, burning furnace exhaust are distinguished heated bypass line with diesel exhaust and be discharged with waste gas bypass line.The present invention carries out heating temperature adjustment by heating piping connection incinerator and exhaust gas denitration pipeline, using furnace exhaust is burned to the temperature difference of diesel exhaust, and the temperature of mix waste gas is made to meet the reaction requirement of reactor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of atmospheric environment protection, in particular to a ship waste gas denitration system.
Background
According to the requirement of a amendment of the rules for preventing air pollution caused by ships in the appended book VI of MARPOL 73/78 convention passed by the International Maritime Organization (IMO), nitrogen oxides in the ship exhaust gas can be discharged after being treated to reach the standard. For low speed marine diesel engines (speed n)<130rpm) and the content of nitrogen oxides after treatment is less than 3.4g/kwh, and for the current low-speed diesel engine, the emission requirement cannot be met only by optimizing the combustion mode of the diesel engine. Therefore, a marine diesel engine must be equipped with a marine exhaust gas denitration system, and Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) is a diesel engine post-treatment technology with the strongest application at present, and the technology selectively reacts with NO by using a reducing agent at 290-420 ℃XCarrying out reduction reaction on a catalyst to generate nontoxic and pollution-free N2And H2And O. At present, a ship exhaust gas denitration system can only operate when entering an Emission Control Area (ECA Area), and the denitration system is in a shutdown state when a ship operates in a non-ECA Area.
For an SCR system applied to a low-speed diesel engine for a high-power ship, two installation modes are available: before and after the turbocharger. The SCR system installed after the turbocharger has relatively little influence on the diesel body, and thus is widely used in various ships. For an SCR system installed behind a turbocharger, the temperature of exhaust gas of a ship becomes low (about 230 ℃) after turbocharging, and particularly, when a diesel engine is in a low load state, the reaction temperature required by SCR cannot be completely met, so that the exhaust gas needs to be heated. However, the use of a burner requires new equipment, and the fuel consumption is also large, increasing the energy consumption and the cost.
On the other hand, waste oil, sludge, plastics, cardboard, cans, food waste and other garbage on ships need to be treated by adding a mode of incineration of an incinerator, and the current treatment mode of waste gas of the incinerator is to reduce the temperature of the waste gas to 350 ℃ to avoid generation of dioxin, and then the waste gas is directly discharged into the atmosphere, so that heat loss is caused, and NO in the waste gas is also causedXPolluting the atmosphere.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a ship exhaust gas denitration system, which can enable the temperature of ship exhaust gas to meet the temperature required by SCR reaction and reduce air pollution.
The invention relates to a ship exhaust gas denitration system, which comprises
The exhaust gas denitration pipeline is connected with the exhaust end of the diesel engine through a first valve;
the exhaust gas bypass pipeline is connected with the exhaust end of the diesel engine through a second valve;
the denitration reactor is connected in the waste gas denitration pipeline;
one end of the heating pipeline is connected with the air outlet of the incinerator through a third valve, and the other end of the heating pipeline is communicated with the waste gas denitration pipeline;
the heating bypass pipeline is connected with the air outlet of the incinerator through a fourth valve; wherein,
the first valve and the third valve are opened, the second valve and the fourth valve are closed, and the waste gas of the incinerator and the waste gas of the diesel engine are mixed and subjected to temperature regulation in the waste gas denitration pipeline through the heating pipeline, enter the denitration reactor, are subjected to denitration and are discharged; the first valve and the third valve are closed, the second valve and the fourth valve are opened, and the waste gas of the incinerator and the waste gas of the diesel engine are directly discharged through the heating bypass pipeline and the waste gas bypass pipeline respectively.
Furthermore, the exit end of this denitration reactor is equipped with the exhaust pipe, and this exhaust pipe passes through the exhaust valve and is connected with this waste gas denitration pipeline, and this waste gas denitration pipeline is equipped with the fifth valve after the position of being connected with this exhaust pipe, and this first valve, this fourth valve and this fifth valve are closed, and this third valve and this exhaust valve open, burn burning furnace waste gas and get into this denitration reactor through this heating pipeline, this waste gas denitration pipeline and then discharge by this exhaust pipe.
Further, the length of the pipeline between the air outlet of the incinerator and the inlet of the denitration reactor is less than 2.5 meters.
Further, the exhaust end of the heating bypass line is connected with the exhaust bypass line at a position after the second valve.
Further, the exhaust end of the exhaust gas denitration pipeline is connected with a waste heat boiler, and the exhaust end of the exhaust gas bypass pipeline is connected with the waste heat boiler through a sixth valve.
Furthermore, each valve is an automatic control valve.
Further, be equipped with turbo charger between this diesel engine and this boats and ships exhaust gas denitration system, this turbo charger includes exhaust inlet end, exhaust outlet end, air inlet end and air outlet end, and this exhaust inlet end is connected with the exhaust end of this diesel engine, and this exhaust outlet end is connected with this exhaust gas denitration pipeline, this exhaust gas bypass pipeline.
Further, a mixer is further arranged in the waste gas denitration pipeline, and a urea solution spray gun is arranged in the mixer before the mixer is positioned in the denitration reactor.
Further, a soot blower is arranged in the denitration reactor.
Furthermore, a first induced draft fan is arranged behind the third valve of the heating pipeline, and a second induced draft fan is arranged behind the fourth valve of the heating bypass pipeline.
In the embodiment of the invention, the incinerator and the exhaust gas denitration pipeline are connected through the heating pipeline, the high-temperature exhaust gas of the incinerator is mixed with the exhaust gas of the diesel engine, the temperature difference between the high-temperature exhaust gas and the exhaust gas of the diesel engine is utilized, the temperature of the exhaust gas of the diesel engine is increased, the temperature of the exhaust gas of the incinerator is reduced, the energy utilization efficiency is improved, and the temperature of the exhaust gas of the ship meets the temperature required by the denitration reaction. Meanwhile, the temperature of the mixed waste gas of the incinerator and the waste gas of the diesel engine is reduced, the generation of dioxin in the waste gas of the incinerator is avoided, the mixed waste gas of the incinerator and the waste gas of the diesel engine are discharged after denitration reaction treatment, and the air pollution can be effectively reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a denitration system for exhaust gas of a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To further explain the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined objects, the following detailed description of the embodiments, structures, features and effects of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.
It should be noted that, in the present specification, "before" and "after" refer to the flow direction of the exhaust gas in the pipe as a reference direction, and "after" refers to the position downstream in the flow direction of the exhaust gas.
Referring to fig. 1, a ship exhaust gas denitration system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a turbocharger 11 connected to a diesel engine 10, an exhaust gas denitration pipeline 12 and an exhaust gas bypass pipeline 13 connected between the turbocharger 11 and a waste heat boiler 18, a heating pipeline 16 connected between an incinerator 15 and the exhaust gas denitration pipeline 12, and a heating bypass pipeline 17 connected between the incinerator 15 and the exhaust gas bypass pipeline 13. The ship exhaust gas denitration system of the embodiment of the present invention further includes a first valve 121, a mixer 122, a denitration reactor 14, and a fifth valve 124 in the exhaust gas denitration pipeline 12, a second valve 131 and a sixth valve 132 in the exhaust gas bypass pipeline 13, a third valve 161 and a first induced draft fan 162 in the heating pipeline 16, and a fourth valve 171 and a second induced draft fan 172 in the heating bypass pipeline 17. Each valve in the embodiment of the invention is an automatic control valve.
The turbocharger 11 is located between the diesel engine 10 and the exhaust gas denitration system. The turbocharger 11 includes an air inlet end 111, an air outlet end 112, an exhaust gas inlet end 113 and an exhaust gas outlet end 114, wherein the air inlet end 111 is communicated with the atmosphere and is a scavenging inlet of the diesel engine 10, the air outlet end 112 is connected with the air inlet end 101 of the diesel engine 10, the exhaust gas inlet end 113 is connected with the exhaust end 102 of the diesel engine 10, and the exhaust gas outlet end 114 is connected with the exhaust gas denitration pipeline 12 and the exhaust gas bypass pipeline 13, that is, the exhaust gas denitration pipeline 12 and the exhaust gas bypass pipeline 13 are connected with the exhaust end 102 of the diesel engine 10.
Exhaust gas denitration pipeline 12 is connected with exhaust end 102 of diesel engine 10 through first valve 121, mixer 122, denitration reactor 14 is connected in exhaust gas denitration pipeline 12 with fifth valve 124, fifth valve 124 is located between denitration reactor 14 and waste heat boiler 18, mixer 122 sets up before denitration reactor 14, be equipped with urea solution spray gun 123 in mixer 122, urea solution spray gun 123 is used for atomizing urea solution, mixer 122's effect is the ammonia and the abundant mixing of waste gas that hydrolyze the formation with urea solution, insufficient mixing can lead to waste gas reaction insufficient in denitration reactor 14, not only can lead to exhaust gas escape to handle not up to standard, ammonia also can increase simultaneously.
The heating line 16 connects the incinerator 15 and the exhaust gas denitration line 12. Specifically, one end of the heating pipeline 16 is connected to the air outlet of the incinerator 15 through the third valve 161, one end (exhaust end) of the heating pipeline 16 is connected to the exhaust gas denitration pipeline 12, and the connecting position of the heating pipeline 16 and the exhaust gas denitration pipeline 12 is located behind the first valve 121. Further, in order to ensure the amount of the incinerator flue gas entering the flue gas denitration line 12 and prevent the backflow of the incinerator flue gas, the heating line 16 is further provided with a first induced draft fan 162 after the third valve 161.
When the first valve 121, the third valve 161 and the fifth valve 124 are opened, the exhaust gas generated by the diesel engine 10 enters the exhaust gas denitration pipeline 12 through the turbocharger 11, the temperature of the exhaust gas of the diesel engine passing through the turbocharger 11 is reduced, at this time, the exhaust gas generated by the incinerator 15 enters the exhaust gas denitration pipeline 12 through the heating pipeline 16 and is merged with the exhaust gas of the diesel engine, and the temperature of the exhaust gas formed by mixing the exhaust gas of the diesel engine and the exhaust gas of the incinerator is higher than that of the exhaust gas of the diesel engine, so that the temperature of the exhaust gas is increased to the temperature meeting the denitration reaction. The mixed exhaust gas first enters the mixer 122, is fully mixed with the ammonia gas generated by the decomposition of the urea solution in the mixer 122, and then enters the denitration reactor 14 for denitration, so that NO and NO in the exhaust gas are denitrated2Is reduced to N2And H2And O, finally, the denitrated waste gas enters the waste heat boiler 18 through a fifth valve 124 for waste heat recovery and then is discharged. Further, in order to prevent dust, particulate matters, and the like in the exhaust gas from blocking the catalyst pore channels of the denitration reactor 14, a soot blower (not shown) may be disposed in the denitration reactor 14 to perform timed purging on the surface layer of the catalyst, and the working medium of the soot blower is high-pressure compressed air.
In this embodiment, the lowest outlet flue gas temperature of the incinerator 15 is 850 ℃, and in order to avoid the generation of dioxin, the exhaust gas of the incinerator 15 should be cooled to 350 ℃ within a range of 2.5m from the outlet of the incinerator 15, and therefore, the distance between the air outlet of the incinerator 15 and the exhaust gas denitration line 12 should be shortened as much as possible, and the line length between the air outlet of the incinerator 15 and the inlet of the denitration reactor 14 should be less than 2.5m, so that the temperature of the incinerator exhaust gas is lowered to 350 ℃ within a distance as short as possible. In this embodiment, the mixing temperature of the two kinds of exhaust gas is 310 ℃ to 350 ℃. It will be appreciated that controlling the temperature of the exhaust gas mixture and the rate of temperature reduction of the incinerator exhaust gas can also be achieved by controlling the amount of exhaust from the incinerator 15.
In the embodiment of the invention, the high-temperature waste gas of the incinerator 15 is mixed with the waste gas of the diesel engine 10, the temperature difference between the high-temperature waste gas and the waste gas is utilized, the temperature of the waste gas of the diesel engine is increased, the temperature of the waste gas of the incinerator is reduced, the energy utilization efficiency is improved, and the temperature of the waste gas of the ship meets the temperature required by the denitration reaction. Meanwhile, the temperature of the mixed waste gas of the incinerator and the waste gas of the diesel engine is reduced, the generation of dioxin in the waste gas of the incinerator is avoided, the mixed waste gas of the incinerator and the waste gas of the diesel engine are discharged after denitration reaction treatment, and the air pollution can be effectively reduced.
In this embodiment, the main working medium of the incinerator 15 is ship oil, sludge, waste such as plastic, cardboard, can, food waste, etc., and when the amount of the waste is small, the amount of high-temperature exhaust gas generated cannot satisfy the purpose of raising the exhaust gas temperature of the diesel engine, the ship fuel can be used as the medium for operation. It can be understood that the working medium of the incinerator 15 is mainly used for incinerating garbage and is supplemented by fuel oil, and even if a small amount of fuel oil is used, the working medium can save most of fuel oil consumption compared with the method that a fuel oil burner is directly used for heating waste gas.
Referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, an outlet end of the denitration reactor 14 is provided with an exhaust pipeline 19, and the exhaust pipeline 19 is connected to the exhaust denitration pipeline 12 through an exhaust valve 191. When the first valve 121, the fourth valve 171 and the fifth valve 124 are closed and the third valve 161 and the exhaust valve 191 are opened, the incinerator flue gas enters the denitration reactor 14 through the heating pipeline 16 and the flue gas denitration pipeline 12 and is discharged through the exhaust pipeline 19.
Due to SO in diesel exhaust gases3Will react with NH3The ammonium bisulfate is generated by the reaction, when the temperature is reduced, the ammonium bisulfate can be condensed on the surface of the catalyst to block the catalyst, and the condensation of the ammonium bisulfate for a long time can cause the catalyst to be blocked or even deactivated. Therefore, the operation is stopped in the denitration reactor 14In the process, a small amount of fuel oil is incinerated (refuse is not incinerated) through the incinerator 15, the incinerator exhaust gas is directly introduced into the denitration reactor 14, the temperature of the denitration reactor 14 is increased to 350 ℃, at the moment, ammonium bisulfate is decomposed and is discharged from the exhaust valve 191 of the exhaust pipeline 19 along with the exhaust gas, and the content of the gaseous ammonium bisulfate in the denitration reactor 14 is gradually reduced. After the incinerator 15 was operated for two hours, it was considered that the ammonium bisulfate in the denitration reactor 14 had been completely discharged, at which time the incinerator 15 was closed and the exhaust valve 191 was closed. In the embodiment of the invention, the ammonium bisulfate on the surface of the catalyst is volatilized by utilizing the high temperature of the waste gas of the incinerator, so that the aim of regenerating the catalyst in the denitration reactor 14 is fulfilled.
With continued reference to fig. 1, the exhaust gas bypass line 13 is connected to the exhaust end 102 of the diesel engine 10 through a second valve 131, and the heating bypass line 17 is connected to the air outlet of the incinerator 15 through a fourth valve 171.
Further, the exhaust end of the heating bypass line 17 is connected to the waste gas bypass line 13 at a position after the second valve 131, so that the incinerator waste gas can enter the waste gas bypass line 13 through the heating bypass line 17, and the exhaust end of the waste gas bypass line 13 is connected to the waste heat boiler 18 through the sixth valve 132. In addition, in order to ensure the amount of the incinerator flue gas entering the flue gas bypass line 13 and to prevent the backflow of the incinerator flue gas, the heating bypass line 17 is further provided with a second induced draft fan 172 after the fourth valve 171.
When the second valve 131, the fourth valve 171 and the sixth valve 132 are opened, the exhaust gas generated by the diesel engine 10 enters the exhaust gas bypass pipeline 13 through the turbocharger 11, the exhaust gas generated by the incinerator 15 enters the exhaust gas bypass pipeline 13 through the heating bypass pipeline 17, and the exhaust gas are mixed and then enter the waste heat boiler 18 through the sixth valve 132 for waste heat recovery and then are discharged. In the present embodiment, in order to avoid the generation of dioxin, the length of the heating bypass line 17 should also be shortened as much as possible.
Next, the operation of the ship exhaust gas denitration system of the present invention will be described in detail below.
When the ship is in the ECA areaWhen the diesel engine denitration device is in operation, the first valve 121, the third valve 161 and the fifth valve 124 are opened, the second valve 131, the fourth valve 171, the sixth valve 132 and the exhaust valve 191 are closed at the same time, exhaust gas generated by the diesel engine 10 enters the exhaust gas denitration pipeline 12 through the turbocharger 11, exhaust gas generated by the incinerator 15 enters the exhaust gas denitration pipeline 12 through the heating pipeline 16 and is converged with diesel engine exhaust gas, so that the temperature of exhaust gas formed by mixing diesel engine exhaust gas and incinerator exhaust gas is higher than that of the diesel engine exhaust gas, and the temperature of the exhaust gas is increased to meet the denitration reaction. The mixed exhaust gas first enters the mixer 122, and the gas fully mixed with the ammonia gas generated by the decomposition of the urea solution in the mixer 122 enters the denitration reactor 14 for denitration, so that NO and NO in the exhaust gas are denitrated2Is reduced to N2And H2And O, finally, the denitrated waste gas enters the waste heat boiler 18 for waste heat recovery and then is discharged so as to meet the requirement of the current regional waste gas emission.
When the ship runs in a non-ECA area, the denitration reactor 14 is closed, the urea solution is closed, the working medium of the incinerator 15 is changed into fuel oil, at the moment, the first valve 121, the fourth valve 171 and the fifth valve 124 are closed, the second valve 131, the third valve 161, the sixth valve 132 and the exhaust valve 191 are opened, the exhaust gas of the diesel engine 10 is discharged through the turbocharger 11 and then directly enters the waste heat boiler 18 from the exhaust gas bypass pipeline 13 for waste heat recovery without entering the denitration reactor 14, the exhaust gas generated by burning the fuel oil in the incinerator 15 enters the denitration reactor 14 through the heating pipeline 16 and the exhaust gas denitration pipeline 12, the temperature of the denitration reactor 14 is increased to 350 ℃, at the moment, the ammonium bisulfate is decomposed and is discharged from the exhaust valve 191 of the exhaust pipeline 19 along with the exhaust gas, and the catalyst in the denitration reactor 14 is regenerated.
After the incinerator 15 is operated for two hours, it is considered that the ammonium bisulfate in the denitration reactor 14 is completely discharged, and at this time, the incinerator 15 is closed, and the third valve 161 and the exhaust valve 191 are closed. If the incinerator 15 needs to burn garbage, the fourth valve 171 is opened to make the exhaust gas generated by the incinerator 15 enter the exhaust gas bypass line 13 through the heating bypass line 17, the incinerator exhaust gas is merged with the diesel engine exhaust gas, the temperature is reduced, and the merged exhaust gas enters the waste heat boiler 18 through the sixth valve 132 to be discharged after waste heat recovery.
In summary, the denitration system for ship exhaust gas of the present invention at least has the following advantages:
the heating pipeline is connected with the incinerator and the waste gas denitration pipeline, the distance between the incinerator and the waste gas pipeline of the diesel engine and the exhaust gas quantity are controlled by utilizing the waste gas temperature difference between the diesel engine and the incinerator, the waste gas of the incinerator is cooled while the waste gas temperature reaches the temperature required by denitration reaction, the purpose of preventing dioxin from being generated in the waste gas of the incinerator is achieved, the denitration treatment is carried out on the smoke gas of the incinerator, and the air pollution is reduced. Meanwhile, when the denitration reactor is not operated, a small amount of waste gas of the incinerator is independently and directly introduced into the denitration reactor, and the ammonium bisulfate on the surface of the catalyst of the denitration reactor is volatilized by utilizing the high temperature of the waste gas, so that the purpose of catalyst regeneration is achieved, and the service life of the catalyst is prolonged.
Finally, the present invention is illustrated by specific examples to achieve the following effects:
the first embodiment is as follows:
in a 72000DWT bulk carrier, the power of the main engine is 8000kw, and the flow rate of the waste gas is 50000 kg/h. The temperature of the diesel engine exhaust gas passing through the turbocharger is 235 ℃, and the temperature of the ship exhaust gas denitration system can reach 345 ℃ after the exhaust gas is mixed by the incinerator, so that the temperature required by SCR reaction can be met. Meanwhile, compared with the heating by using a burner, the consumption of fuel oil (marine diesel oil MDO) is saved by about 20 kg/h.
Example two:
in a 150000DWT crude oil ship, the power of a main engine is 15000kw, the flow rate of exhaust gas is 130000kg/h, the temperature of the exhaust gas of a diesel engine passing through a turbocharger is 225 ℃, and by using the ship exhaust gas denitration system, the temperature can reach 340 ℃ after the exhaust gas is mixed by the waste gas of an incinerator, and the temperature required by SCR reaction can be met. Meanwhile, compared with the heating by using a burner, the consumption of fuel oil (marine diesel oil MDO) is saved by about 37.5 kg/h.
Example three:
in a 2000TEU container ship, the power of a main engine is 17000kw, the flow rate of exhaust gas is 150000kg/h, the temperature of the exhaust gas of a diesel engine passing through a turbocharger is 230 ℃, and by using the ship exhaust gas denitration system, the temperature can reach 340 ℃ after the exhaust gas of an incinerator is mixed, so that the temperature required by SCR reaction can be met. Meanwhile, compared with the heating by using a burner, the consumption of fuel oil (marine diesel oil MDO) is about 41 kg/h.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a boats and ships exhaust denitration system which characterized in that: comprises that
An exhaust gas denitration line (12), wherein the exhaust gas denitration line (12) is connected with an exhaust end (102) of the diesel engine (10) through a first valve (121);
an exhaust gas bypass line (13), the exhaust gas bypass line (13) being connected to the exhaust end (102) of the diesel engine (10) via a second valve (131);
a denitration reactor (14), wherein the denitration reactor (14) is connected in the waste gas denitration pipeline (12);
a heating pipeline (16), wherein one end of the heating pipeline (16) is connected with the air outlet of the incinerator (15) through a third valve (161), and the other end of the heating pipeline is communicated with the waste gas denitration pipeline (12);
a heating bypass pipeline (17), wherein the heating bypass pipeline (17) is connected with an air outlet of the incinerator (15) through a fourth valve (171); wherein,
the first valve (121) and the third valve (161) are opened, the second valve (131) and the fourth valve (171) are closed, and the incinerator exhaust gas and the diesel engine exhaust gas are mixed and subjected to temperature regulation in the exhaust gas denitration pipeline (12) through the heating pipeline (16), enter the denitration reactor (14) for denitration and are discharged; the first valve (121) and the third valve (161) are closed, the second valve (131) and the fourth valve (171) are opened, and the incinerator exhaust gas and the diesel engine exhaust gas are directly discharged through the heating bypass pipeline (17) and the exhaust gas bypass pipeline (13) respectively.
2. The marine exhaust gas denitration system of claim 1, wherein: the exit end of this denitration reactor (14) is equipped with exhaust pipe way (19), this exhaust pipe way (19) are connected with this waste gas denitration pipeline (12) through exhaust valve (191), this waste gas denitration pipeline (12) are equipped with fifth valve (124) after the position of being connected with this exhaust pipe way (19), this first valve (121), this fourth valve (171) and this fifth valve (124) are closed, this third valve (161) and this exhaust valve (191) are opened, burn burning furnace waste gas through this heating pipeline (16), this waste gas denitration pipeline (12) get into this denitration reactor (14) after discharge pipe way (19) discharge.
3. The marine exhaust gas denitration system of claim 1, wherein: the length of a pipeline between the air outlet of the incinerator (15) and the inlet of the denitration reactor (14) is less than 2.5 meters.
4. The marine exhaust gas denitration system of claim 1, wherein: the exhaust end of the heating bypass line (17) is connected to the exhaust bypass line (13) at a position after the second valve (131).
5. The marine exhaust gas denitration system of claim 3, wherein: the exhaust end of the exhaust gas denitration pipeline (12) is connected with a waste heat boiler (18), and the exhaust end of the exhaust gas bypass pipeline (13) is connected with the waste heat boiler (18) through a sixth valve (132).
6. The marine exhaust gas denitration system according to claim 2 or 5, wherein: each valve is an automatic control valve.
7. The marine exhaust gas denitration system of claim 1, wherein: be equipped with turbo charger (11) between this diesel engine (10) and this boats and ships exhaust gas denitration system, this turbo charger (11) include exhaust inlet end (113), exhaust outlet end (114), air inlet end (111) and air outlet end (112), and this exhaust inlet end (113) is connected with exhaust end (102) of this diesel engine (10), and this exhaust outlet end (114) is connected with this exhaust gas denitration pipeline (12), this exhaust gas bypass pipeline (13).
8. The marine exhaust gas denitration system of claim 1, wherein: a mixer (122) is also arranged in the waste gas denitration pipeline (12), the mixer (122) is positioned in front of the denitration reactor (14), and a urea solution spray gun (123) is arranged in the mixer (122).
9. The marine exhaust gas denitration system of claim 1, wherein: a soot blower is arranged in the denitration reactor (14).
10. The marine exhaust gas denitration system of claim 1, wherein: the heating pipeline (16) is provided with a first induced draft fan (162) behind the third valve (161), and the heating bypass pipeline (17) is provided with a second induced draft fan (172) behind the fourth valve (171).
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| CN106731832A (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2017-05-31 | 青岛双瑞海洋环境工程股份有限公司 | Marine exhaust denitrating system |
| CN107143418B (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2020-04-03 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Low-speed diesel engine SCR system suitable for high-sulfur fuel oil and control method thereof |
| FR3071871B1 (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2020-02-07 | Continental Automotive France | SELECTIVE CATALYTIC REDUCTION PROCESS WITH AMMONIA DESORPTION FROM A CARTRIDGE IN AN EXHAUST LINE |
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| CN102741514A (en) * | 2008-03-18 | 2012-10-17 | 三菱重工业株式会社 | Low-temperature-actuated denitration device for diesel engine |
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| CN105003326A (en) * | 2015-07-28 | 2015-10-28 | 青岛双瑞海洋环境工程股份有限公司 | Marine exhaust denitration system |
| CN205683842U (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-11-16 | 青岛双瑞海洋环境工程股份有限公司 | Marine exhaust denitrating system |
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| JP3557928B2 (en) * | 1998-12-22 | 2004-08-25 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Internal combustion engine having lean NOx catalyst |
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| CN102741514A (en) * | 2008-03-18 | 2012-10-17 | 三菱重工业株式会社 | Low-temperature-actuated denitration device for diesel engine |
| CN101439260A (en) * | 2008-12-04 | 2009-05-27 | 浙江大学 | System for removing nitrous oxides in low-temperature flue gas and technique thereof |
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