CN105938060B - Novel precipitation isotope sampling device - Google Patents
Novel precipitation isotope sampling device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105938060B CN105938060B CN201610224041.8A CN201610224041A CN105938060B CN 105938060 B CN105938060 B CN 105938060B CN 201610224041 A CN201610224041 A CN 201610224041A CN 105938060 B CN105938060 B CN 105938060B
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- ball valve
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N1/20—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state for flowing or falling materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01W—METEOROLOGY
- G01W1/00—Meteorology
- G01W1/14—Rainfall or precipitation gauges
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
Abstract
A novel precipitation isotope sampling device. The device mainly comprises a precipitation collection aluminum pipe (1), a dirt blocking net (2), a collection funnel (3), a buoyancy ball valve (4), a ball valve opening and closing chamber (5), a water delivery conduit (6), a spiral vent pipe (7), a double-hole conical bottle cap (8), a collection bottle (9), a heat insulation heat preservation box (10), a double-hole bottle cap vent hole (16), a double-hole bottle cap water inlet hole (17) and a ball valve opening and closing chamber water outlet hole (18). The water sample evaporation fractionation and pollution phenomenon caused by sealing and the like of the traditional precipitation sampling device is solved by utilizing the reliable buoyancy ball valve and spiral breather pipe structure. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, reliable operation, low cost, convenient operation, wide application range and the like, and can be widely applied to atmospheric precipitation sampling in isotope hydrologic monitoring and meteorological monitoring.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sampling device, in particular to an atmospheric precipitation sampling device used by a hydrological weather detection department. The method is particularly suitable for water sample collection of atmospheric precipitation stable isotope analysis.
Background
The traditional precipitation sampling device used by the hydrological detection department is used for measuring traditional indexes such as rainfall, PH value and conductivity of collected rainwater so as to enable scientific researchers to analyze and study precipitation. However, with the development of nuclear physics and hydrology, the nuclear physics principle and technology are applied to the traditional hydrology, so that the formation and application of isotope hydrology are promoted, the isotope technology not only can provide important scientific basis for researches such as watershed hydrology rules, groundwater supply, plant water source division, regional precipitation water vapor sources and the like, but also can provide direct and reliable data parameters for hydrology model construction, can effectively avoid the distortion problem of experimental simulation, and obtains more reliable hydrology and weather rules, but also becomes an emerging direction for water resource research in future. The acquisition and detection of the isotope data of the precipitation, which is one of the main bases of the system, tend to gradually become an important working component of the hydrological station network and each scientific research station.
The sampling of precipitation isotopes is an important ring in the research of isotope hydrology, and directly relates to the accuracy of analysis results, so as to determine the credibility of research conclusions. Incorrect sampling methods not only waste the cost and time of researchers, but also affect the quality of the research results. The most concern in precipitation isotope sampling is to prevent evaporation of water and exchange of water isotopes with the outside. Thus, the water sample must be collected and stored in a sealed container. The material and closure of the sampling bottle is specifically selected and designed to prevent evaporation, diffusion, or exchange of moisture with the outside.
The existing precipitation sampling device is generally divided into a rainfall cylinder for manually collecting precipitation and a precipitation sampler for automatically collecting precipitation. The manual rainfall cylinder for collecting rainfall is of a stainless steel cylinder-shaped structure with an opening at the upper part, is simple in structure and low in cost, is the most commonly used rainfall sampling device for a hydrological station, and has the fundamental defect: because the upper part of the device is open, evaporation and diffusion of a collected water sample and exchange with external water molecules cannot be prevented at all, the device cannot meet the basic requirement of precipitation isotope sampling, and the sampling requirement of a hydrological detection department in the future cannot be met. The basic structure of the precipitation sampler capable of automatically collecting precipitation is that a sealing cover is arranged on a collecting container, a motor is used as power, and under the control of a sensor and an electronic controller, the sealing cover is automatically opened and closed according to whether precipitation occurs, so that evaporation and diffusion of a collected water sample and exchange with external water molecules are reduced as much as possible, and the basic requirement of precipitation isotope sampling is met. However, the series of devices have the defects of complex structure, high manufacturing cost, large volume, heavy weight, high failure rate and the like, and the devices need to be electrically driven to open and close the sealing cover, and most of hydrological weather monitoring stations are located in remote areas with severe environments, so that the devices cannot be popularized and used in a large area.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and shortcomings of the existing two types of precipitation sampling devices, the invention aims to provide the novel precipitation isotope sampling device which is simple in structure, reliable in performance, low in cost and suitable for large-area popularization and use. The device flows the precipitation that gathers into the collecting bottle through ball valve automatic start-stop device, effectively prevents the water sample pollution, water sample evaporation and with external water vapor isotope's exchange.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a novel precipitation isotope sampling device mainly includes precipitation collection aluminum pipe, blocks dirty net, collection funnel, buoyancy ball valve, ball valve and opens and close room, water delivery pipe, spiral breather pipe, diplopore bottle lid, collecting bottle, thermal-insulated insulation can, tripod fixed bolster. The precipitation collection aluminum pipe is positioned at the upper part of the dirt blocking screen and is fixed above the collection funnel together with the dirt blocking screen. The collecting funnel is cylindrical, the upper section of the collecting funnel is open, the inside of the collecting funnel is funnel-shaped, and the lower part of the collecting funnel is connected with an internal thread cylinder for connecting the ball valve opening and closing chamber. The lower part of the collecting funnel is also provided with a circular clamping groove for connecting the heat insulation box. The buoyancy ball valve, the ball valve opening and closing chamber, the water delivery conduit, the spiral vent pipe, the double-hole conical bottle cap and the collecting bottle are all arranged inside the heat insulation and heat preservation box, so that the purposes of protecting internal components and water samples are achieved. The heat insulation and preservation box is barrel-shaped, wind resistance can be reduced, and the outside is provided with a door capable of being opened and closed, so that the water sample collection bottle can be conveniently taken out and installed. The buoyancy ball valve is arranged in the ball valve opening and closing chamber, and the upper end of the ball valve opening and closing chamber is connected with the internal thread cylinder at the lower end of the collecting funnel. The upper end of the water delivery conduit is connected with a water outlet hole at the lower end of the ball valve opening and closing chamber, and the lower end of the water delivery conduit is connected with a water inlet hole of the double-hole conical bottle cap. The spiral breather pipe is connected with the breather hole of the double-hole conical bottle cap. The collecting bottle is connected with the double-hole conical bottle cap.
Compared with the existing precipitation sampling device, the invention has the following advantages and positive effects:
1. the sampling device is additionally provided with the stainless steel dirt blocking screen, so that the blockage of sundries or other pollutants on the device and the pollution of a precipitation sample are reduced.
2. The connecting parts of the sampling device are in threaded connection, so that the tightness of the whole device is improved, and the device is convenient for the disassembly and the installation of workers to maintain equipment.
3. The ball valve structure adopted by the sampling device utilizes the physical principle that the buoyancy ball floats upwards when meeting water and the water falls under the action of gravity to realize the automatic opening and closing of the precipitation sampling device and collect precipitation. The technology is simple and reliable, not only effectively prevents evaporation and diffusion in the process of collecting the water sample, but also does not need motor drive, and is easy to popularize and use in remote areas and in the wild.
4. The sampling device adopts a spiral breather pipe which is 3m long and 4mm inside diameter and is made of a polypropylene plastic hose to be connected with the vent hole of the double-hole bottle cap. The vent pipe not only keeps the stability of the air pressure inside and outside the collecting bottle, so that the precipitation smoothly enters the collecting bottle, but also effectively prevents the diffusion of water samples and gas in the collecting bottle and the exchange of water molecules with the outside due to the long length and the small inner diameter of the vent pipe. The vent pipe is made into a spiral shape, so that the space in the box body is effectively saved, and the vent pipe is convenient to install and carry.
5. The lower end of the double-hole bottle cap of the sampling device adopts a conical ring design, and the design can collect water drops attached to the bottle cap together through the conical ring structure and fall into the bottle. Can effectively prevent the isotope enrichment phenomenon of the water sample in the bottle, which is caused by the fact that the water drops are attached to the bottle cover due to the re-evaporation of the water sample in the collecting bottle.
6. The sampling device adopts the collecting bottle made of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) material, is convenient to transport, and effectively prevents the diffusion of water samples and gas in the bottle. The collecting bottle can be directly disassembled after collecting the water sample and is screwed by a matched sealing cover. Can effectively prevent the pollution caused by careless operation of the sample in the subsequent transfer.
7. The sampling device has the advantages that the heat preservation layer and the aluminum foil outer film are arranged outside the box body, a certain heat insulation effect is achieved, and the water sample in the box can be protected better.
Drawings
FIG. 1 (a) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 1 (b) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 (a) is a schematic view of the structure of the collecting funnel of the present invention;
FIG. 2 (b) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a collection funnel of the present invention;
FIG. 3 (a) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the opening and closing chamber of the ball valve of the present invention;
FIG. 3 (b) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the opening and closing chamber of the ball valve of the present invention;
FIG. 4 (a) is a schematic structural view of the double-hole bottle cap of the present invention;
FIG. 4 (b) is a longitudinal sectional view of the double hole bottle cap of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention mounted on a tripod fixing mount;
the label marks in the figures represent: 1. the device comprises a precipitation collection aluminum pipe, a dirt blocking net, a collection funnel, a buoyancy ball valve, a ball valve opening and closing chamber, a water delivery pipe, a spiral ventilation pipe, a double-hole bottle cap, a collection bottle, a heat insulation and heat preservation box, a door, a lock catch, a stainless steel tripod bracket, a bracket fixing hole, a heat insulation and heat preservation box mounting clamping groove, a double-hole bottle cap ventilation hole, a double-hole bottle cap water inlet hole and a ball valve opening and closing chamber water outlet hole.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-4, the precipitation collection aluminum pipe (1) is fixed on the upper part of the collection funnel (3), the diameter of the pipe orifice of the aluminum pipe is 200mm, the precipitation collection aluminum pipe is the standard caliber of a national weather observation rain gauge, and the top end of the pipe wall is in a blade shape and is used for cutting rain drops and accurately collecting rain areas.
The dirt blocking screen (2) is a screen with holes of 2mm and 2mm made of stainless steel wires, is arranged between the precipitation collection aluminum pipe (1) and the collection funnel (3) and is used for preventing sundries such as leaves from falling into the collection funnel (3) to influence precipitation collection and pollute water samples.
The collecting funnel (3) is cylindrical, the upper section of the collecting funnel is open, the inside of the collecting funnel is funnel-shaped, and the lower part of the collecting funnel is connected with an internal thread cylinder and is used for being connected with a ball valve opening and closing chamber. The lower part of the collecting funnel is also provided with a circular clamping groove which is used for being connected with a heat insulation box (10).
The buoyancy ball valve (4), the ball valve opening and closing chamber (5), the water delivery conduit (6), the spiral vent pipe (7), the double-hole bottle cap (8) and the collecting bottle (9) are all arranged inside the heat insulation and preservation box (10), the heat insulation and preservation box (10) is barrel-shaped, and the outside is provided with a door (11) capable of being opened and closed, so that the water sample collecting bottle (9) can be taken out and installed conveniently. The heat insulation layer and the aluminum foil outer film are arranged outside the heat insulation box (10), so that a certain heat insulation effect is achieved, and the purposes of protecting internal components and water samples are achieved.
The buoyancy ball valve (4) is a hollow plastic ball with the outer diameter of 40mm, is arranged in a ball valve opening and closing chamber, and the external thread at the upper end of the ball valve opening and closing chamber (5) is connected with the internal thread cylinder at the lower end of the collecting funnel (3) with good sealing property.
The water delivery conduit (6) is a polypropylene plastic hose with the inner diameter of 10mm, the upper end of the water delivery conduit is connected with a water outlet hole at the lower end of the ball valve opening and closing chamber, and the lower end of the water delivery conduit is connected with a water inlet hole of the double-hole conical bottle cap.
The spiral breather pipe (7) is a polypropylene plastic hose with the length of 3m and the inner diameter of 4mm, and the lower end of the spiral breather pipe is connected with the vent hole of the double-hole bottle cap.
The collecting bottle (9) is an HPDE collecting bottle with the capacity of 3L, an external thread is arranged at the mouth of the collecting bottle and is in sealing connection with an internal thread at the lower end of the double-hole bottle cap, and a rainfall scale is marked on the wall of the collecting bottle, so that the rainfall can be measured directly.
As shown in fig. 5, the components are strictly washed and dried, and then are sequentially connected and installed on a tripod fixing bracket (13) with the height of 1.2m, so that the water sample pollution caused by splashing of surrounding ground water bodies into the sampler when the precipitation intensity is high is avoided. When precipitation arrives, rainwater can be gathered through the dirt blocking screen (2) by the collecting hopper (3), flows into the ball valve opening and closing chamber (5), the buoyancy ball valve (4) is influenced by water buoyancy, the water delivery channel is opened by floating, and the rainwater enters the collecting bottle (9) for storage by the water delivery conduit (6). The buoyancy ball valve (4) can automatically control the opening size of the water delivery channel according to the intensity of rain in the rainfall process. And after the precipitation is finished, the buoyancy ball valve (4) automatically falls under the action of gravity, and the water delivery channel is closed. The staff can open thermal-insulated insulation can box door (11) when collecting the water sample, directly unscrew collecting bottle (9) from diplopore bottle lid (8) back and take off, with supporting lid tight back move to the laboratory and preserve and analyze to new collecting bottle (9) are replaced simultaneously for the precipitation collection next time. Therefore, the pollution to the collected water sample caused by repeated use of the same collecting bottle (9) can be avoided by replacing the collecting bottle (9) each time. The rain scale is marked on the collecting bottle (9), and the rainfall measurement can be directly carried out.
Claims (5)
1. The novel precipitation isotope sampling device is characterized by comprising a precipitation collection aluminum pipe (1), a dirt blocking net (2), a collection funnel (3), a buoyancy ball valve (4), a ball valve opening and closing chamber (5), a water delivery conduit (6), a spiral vent pipe (7), a double-hole bottle cap (8), a collection bottle (9), a heat insulation and heat preservation box (10) and a three-foot fixing support (13); the precipitation collection aluminum pipe (1) is positioned at the upper part of the dirt blocking net (2), is fixed above the collection funnel (3) together with the dirt blocking net (2), is provided with a circular clamping groove below the collection funnel (3) and is connected with the heat insulation box (10), and the buoyancy ball valve (4), the ball valve opening and closing chamber (5), the water delivery guide pipe (6), the spiral vent pipe (7), the double-hole conical bottle cap (8) and the collection bottle (9) are arranged in the heat insulation box (10);
the buoyancy ball valve (4) is a hollow plastic ball with the outer diameter of 40mm, and is arranged in a chamber cavity of the ball valve opening and closing chamber (5), the chamber cavity of the ball valve opening and closing chamber (5) is approximately of a cylindrical structure with the diameter of 44mm, and the lower end of the ball valve opening and closing chamber is in circular arc smooth connection with a water outlet hole in the ball valve opening and closing chamber; the external thread at the upper end of the ball valve opening and closing chamber (5) is screwed with the internal thread cylinder at the lower end of the collecting funnel (3), and the water outlet at the lower end is in a cylinder tooth-shaped structure;
the water delivery conduit (6) is a polypropylene plastic hose with the inner diameter of 10mm, the upper end of the water delivery conduit is connected with a water outlet at the lower end of the ball valve opening and closing chamber (5), the lower end of the water delivery conduit is connected with a cylindrical toothed water inlet of the double-hole bottle cap (8), and the lower end of the double-hole bottle cap (8) adopts a conical ring design;
the spiral vent pipe (7) is a polypropylene plastic hose with the length of 3m and the inner diameter of 4mm, is spirally wound and fixed, and the lower end of the spiral vent pipe is connected with a vent hole of the double-hole bottle cap (8);
the collecting bottle (9) is an HPDE plastic bottle with the capacity of 3L, an external thread is arranged at the bottle mouth of the collecting bottle (9), the collecting bottle is in sealing connection with an internal thread at the lower end of the double-hole bottle cap (8), and rainfall scales are marked on the bottle wall of the collecting bottle (9), so that rainfall measurement can be directly carried out.
2. The novel precipitation isotope sampling device according to claim 1, wherein the precipitation collecting aluminum pipe (1) has a pipe orifice diameter of 200mm and a pipe wall top edge.
3. The novel precipitation isotope sampling device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dirt blocking net (2) is a screen mesh made of stainless steel wires or aluminum wires.
4. The novel precipitation isotope sampling device according to claim 1, wherein the collecting funnel (3) is cylindrical, the upper cross section opening is a circle with the diameter of 200mm, the inside is funnel-shaped, and the lower part is connected with an internal thread cylinder.
5. The novel precipitation isotope sampling device according to claim 1, wherein the heat insulation and preservation box (10) is barrel-shaped, an insulation layer and an aluminum foil outer film are arranged outside, and a door capable of being opened and closed is further arranged.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610224041.8A CN105938060B (en) | 2016-04-02 | 2016-04-02 | Novel precipitation isotope sampling device |
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| CN201610224041.8A CN105938060B (en) | 2016-04-02 | 2016-04-02 | Novel precipitation isotope sampling device |
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| CN105938060A CN105938060A (en) | 2016-09-14 |
| CN105938060B true CN105938060B (en) | 2023-08-22 |
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| CN108845379A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2018-11-20 | 王悦钰 | A kind of anti-sundries rain gauge of dedicated volume cylinder vaporization prevention of water conservancy |
| CN109406213A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-03-01 | 河海大学 | A kind of water sample acquisition device and method |
| CN109506988A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-03-22 | 核工业北京地质研究院 | A kind of water sample automatic acquisition device suitable for field |
| CN109827813B (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2021-10-15 | 中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所 | Atmospheric precipitation isotope analysis month accumulation sample collection device |
| CN111024455A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-04-17 | 河海大学 | Automatic precipitation collecting device and using method |
| CN111707508A (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2020-09-25 | 华中农业大学 | Time sequence rainfall isotope sample collection device |
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