CN105938060B - A new type of precipitation isotope sampling device - Google Patents

Abstract

A novel precipitation isotope sampling device. The device mainly comprises a precipitation collection aluminum pipe (1), a dirt blocking net (2), a collection funnel (3), a buoyancy ball valve (4), a ball valve opening and closing chamber (5), a water delivery conduit (6), a spiral vent pipe (7), a double-hole conical bottle cap (8), a collection bottle (9), a heat insulation heat preservation box (10), a double-hole bottle cap vent hole (16), a double-hole bottle cap water inlet hole (17) and a ball valve opening and closing chamber water outlet hole (18). The water sample evaporation fractionation and pollution phenomenon caused by sealing and the like of the traditional precipitation sampling device is solved by utilizing the reliable buoyancy ball valve and spiral breather pipe structure. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, reliable operation, low cost, convenient operation, wide application range and the like, and can be widely applied to atmospheric precipitation sampling in isotope hydrologic monitoring and meteorological monitoring.

Description

A new type of precipitation isotope sampling device

technical field

The invention relates to a sampling device, in particular to an atmospheric precipitation sampling device used by a hydrometeorological detection department. It is especially suitable for water sample collection for stable isotope analysis of atmospheric precipitation.

Background technique

The traditional precipitation sampling device used by the hydrometeorological detection department is used to measure the traditional indicators such as rainfall, PH value and electrical conductivity of the collected rainwater for scientific researchers to analyze and study the precipitation. However, with the development of nuclear physics and hydrology, the application of nuclear physics principles and techniques to traditional hydrology has promoted the formation and application of isotope hydrology. It provides an important scientific basis for research on the sources of regional precipitation and water vapor, and also provides direct and reliable data parameters for the construction of hydrological models, which can effectively avoid the distortion of experimental simulations and obtain relatively reliable hydrological and meteorological laws. Emerging directions in water resources research. As one of the main foundations of precipitation isotope data, the collection and detection of precipitation isotope is bound to gradually become an important part of the work of the hydrometeorological station network and various scientific research stations.

Precipitation isotope sampling is a very important part of isotope hydrology research, which is directly related to the accuracy of analysis results and thus determines the credibility of research conclusions. Incorrect sampling methods will not only waste researchers' money and time, but also affect the quality of research results. The most concerned issue in precipitation isotope sampling is to prevent water evaporation and water isotope exchange with the outside world. Therefore, water samples must be collected and stored in airtight containers. Vial materials and closures are specially selected and designed to prevent moisture from evaporating, diffusing, or exchanging with the outside world.

Existing precipitation sampling devices are generally divided into two types: rain gauges for manually collecting precipitation and precipitation samplers for automatically collecting precipitation. The rain gauge for artificially collecting precipitation is a stainless steel cylindrical structure with an open top. It has a simple structure and low cost. It is the most commonly used precipitation sampling device for hydrometeorological stations. It cannot prevent the evaporation, diffusion and exchange with external water molecules of the collected water samples, so the device cannot meet the basic requirements of precipitation isotope sampling, and cannot meet the sampling needs of hydrometeorological inspection departments in the future. The precipitation sampler that automatically collects precipitation, its basic structure is to install a sealing cover on the collection container, powered by a motor, under the control of sensors and electronic controllers, it will open and close the sealing cover by itself according to whether precipitation occurs, as much as possible Reduce the evaporation, diffusion and exchange with external water molecules of collected water samples, so as to meet the basic requirements of precipitation isotope sampling. However, this series of devices has defects such as complex structure, high cost, large volume, heavy weight, and high failure rate, and the device needs to be electrically driven to open and close the sealing cover, and most hydrometeorological monitoring stations are located in remote areas with harsh environments, so it is impossible Widespread use.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the defects and deficiencies of the existing two types of precipitation sampling devices, the present invention aims to provide a new type of precipitation isotope sampling device which is simple in structure, reliable in performance, low in cost and suitable for popularization and use in large areas. The device flows the collected precipitation into the collection bottle through the automatic opening and closing device of the ball valve, effectively preventing water sample pollution, water sample evaporation and exchange of water vapor isotopes with the outside world.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention takes the following technical solutions to achieve:

A new type of precipitation isotope sampling device, mainly including precipitation collection aluminum tube, trash net, collection funnel, buoyancy ball valve, ball valve opening and closing chamber, water delivery conduit, spiral ventilation pipe, double-hole bottle cap, collection bottle, heat insulation and insulation box , Tripod fixed bracket. The precipitation collecting aluminum pipe is located on the top of the trash screen, and is fixed above the collecting funnel together with the trash screen. The collecting funnel is cylindrical, with an open upper section, a funnel-shaped interior and an internally threaded cylinder connected to the lower part for connecting the opening and closing chamber of the ball valve. A circular card slot is also provided below the collection funnel for connecting to a heat-insulating and incubating box. The buoyancy ball valve, the opening and closing chamber of the ball valve, the water delivery conduit, the spiral ventilation pipe, the double-hole conical bottle cap and the collection bottle are all placed inside the heat-insulating and incubating box to protect internal components and water samples. The heat-insulating and incubating box is in the shape of a barrel, which can reduce wind resistance, and an openable door is provided on the outside, which is convenient for taking out and installing the water sample collection bottle. The buoyancy ball valve is placed in the opening and closing chamber of the ball valve, and the upper end of the opening and closing chamber of the ball valve is connected with the internal thread cylinder at the lower end of the collecting funnel. The upper end of the water delivery conduit is connected with the water outlet hole at the lower end of the opening and closing chamber of the ball valve, and the lower end is connected with the water inlet hole of the double-hole tapered bottle cap. The spiral ventilation tube is connected with the ventilation hole of the double-hole Erlenmeyer bottle cap. The collection bottle is connected with a double-hole conical bottle cap.

Compared with the existing precipitation sampling device, the present invention has the following advantages and positive effects:

1. The sampling device adds stainless steel trash screen to reduce the blockage of the device by sundries or other pollutants and the pollution of precipitation samples.

2. The connection parts of the sampling device are all threaded, which not only improves the sealing of the whole device, but also facilitates the disassembly and installation of the staff when maintaining the equipment.

3. The ball valve structure adopted by this sampling device uses the physical principle that the buoyancy ball floats up when it encounters water, and falls under the action of gravity when there is no water to realize the automatic opening and closing of the precipitation sampling device and the purpose of collecting precipitation. The technology is simple and reliable. It not only effectively prevents evaporation and diffusion in the process of collecting water samples, but also does not require motor drive, so it is easy to promote and use in remote areas and in the field.

4. The sampling device uses a spiral ventilation tube made of polypropylene plastic hose with a length of 3m and an inner diameter of 4mm to connect to the ventilation hole of the double-hole bottle cap. The ventilation tube not only keeps the air pressure inside and outside the collection bottle stable, so that the precipitation can flow into the collection bottle smoothly, but also because of its long length and small inner diameter, it effectively prevents the diffusion of water samples and gases in the collection bottle, as well as the contact with the outside world. exchange of water molecules. The air pipe is made into a spiral shape, which effectively saves the internal space of the box and is easy to install and carry.

5. The lower end of the double-hole bottle cap of this sampling device adopts a tapered ring design, which can gather the water droplets attached to the bottle cap through the tapered ring structure and fall into the bottle. It can effectively prevent the isotope enrichment of the water sample in the bottle caused by the re-evaporation of the water sample attached to the bottle cap.

6. The sampling device adopts a collection bottle made of high-density polyethylene (HDPE), which is convenient for transportation and effectively prevents the diffusion of water samples and gases in the bottle. The collection bottle can be disassembled directly after collecting the water sample, and screwed tightly with the matching sealing cap. It can effectively prevent the contamination caused by careless operation of samples in subsequent transfers.

7. The outside of the sampling device is equipped with an insulation layer and an outer film of aluminum foil, which has a certain effect of heat insulation and can better protect the water samples in the box.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 (a) is the structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 1 (b) is a longitudinal sectional view of the present invention;

Fig. 2 (a) is the structural representation of collecting funnel of the present invention;

Fig. 2 (b) is the longitudinal sectional view of collecting funnel of the present invention;

Fig. 3 (a) is the structural representation of ball valve opening and closing chamber of the present invention;

Fig. 3 (b) is the longitudinal sectional view of the opening and closing chamber of the ball valve of the present invention;

Fig. 4 (a) is the structural representation of double-hole bottle cap of the present invention;

Fig. 4 (b) is the longitudinal sectional view of double-hole bottle cap of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention installed on a tripod fixing bracket;

The marks in the figure respectively indicate: 1. Precipitation collection aluminum pipe, 2. Trash stop net, 3. Collection funnel, 4. Buoyancy ball valve, 5. Ball valve opening and closing chamber, 6. Water delivery conduit, 7. Spiral ventilation pipe, 8. Double-hole bottle cap, 9. Collection bottle, 10. Thermal insulation box, 11. Door, 12. Lock, 13. Stainless steel tripod bracket, 14. Bracket fixing hole, 15. Thermal insulation box installation card slot, 16. Double-hole bottle cap ventilation hole, 17. Double-hole bottle cap water inlet hole, 18. Ball valve opening and closing chamber water outlet hole.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the precipitation collecting aluminum tube (1) is fixed on the upper part of the collecting funnel (3), the diameter of the aluminum tube mouth is 200mm, which is the standard caliber of the national meteorological observation rain gauge, and the top of the tube wall is blade-shaped , used to cut raindrops, accurate rain collection area.

The dirt-stopping screen (2) is a screen made of stainless steel wire with a pore size of 2mm*2mm, placed between the precipitation collecting aluminum tube (1) and the collecting funnel (3), to prevent debris such as leaves Falling into the collection funnel (3) affects precipitation collection and pollutes water samples.

The collecting funnel (3) is cylindrical, with an upper cross-section opening, a funnel-shaped interior and an internally threaded cylinder connected below for connecting the opening and closing chamber of the ball valve. A circular draw-in slot is also provided below the collecting funnel for connecting the heat-insulating and incubating box (10).

Described buoyancy ball valve (4), ball valve opening and closing chamber (5), water conduit (6), spiral air pipe (7), double-hole bottle cap (8), collection bottle (9) are all placed in heat insulation Inside the box (10), the heat-insulating and incubating box (10) is barrel-shaped, and the outside is provided with a switchable door (11), which is convenient for taking out and installing the water sample collection bottle (9). The outside of the heat insulation and heat preservation box (10) is provided with an insulation layer and an outer film of aluminum foil, which has a certain heat insulation effect and plays the purpose of protecting internal components and water samples.

The buoyancy ball valve (4) is a hollow plastic ball with an outer diameter of 40mm, which is placed in the opening and closing chamber of the ball valve, and the external thread on the upper end of the opening and closing chamber (5) of the ball valve is connected with the internal threaded cylinder on the lower end of the collecting funnel (3), sealing Good sex.

Described water delivery conduit (6) is the polypropylene plastic hose of internal diameter 10mm, and its upper end is connected with the water outlet hole of ball valve opening and closing chamber lower end, and the lower end is connected with the water inlet hole of double-hole conical bottle cap.

Described spiral ventilation pipe (7) is long 3m, the polypropylene plastic hose of internal diameter 4mm, and its lower end links to each other with the ventilation hole of double-hole bottle cap.

The collection bottle (9) is a HPDE collection bottle with a capacity of 3L. There is an external thread at the mouth of the collection bottle, which is sealed and connected with the internal thread at the lower end of the double-hole bottle cap. The wall of the collection bottle is marked with a rainfall scale, which can be directly Determination of precipitation.

As shown in Figure 5, after the above-mentioned components have been strictly acid-washed and dried, they are sequentially connected and installed on a 1.2m-high tripod fixing bracket (13), so as to prevent the surrounding ground water from splashing into the sampler when the precipitation intensity is high. cause water contamination. When there is precipitation, the rainwater will pass through the trash screen (2), gather by the collection funnel (3), and flow into the opening and closing chamber of the ball valve (5). The buoyancy ball valve (4) is affected by the buoyancy of the water, and floats up to open the water delivery Passage, rainwater enters and stores in the collecting bottle (9) by water delivery conduit (6). The buoyancy ball valve (4) can automatically control the opening size of the water delivery channel according to the intensity of the rain in the rainfall process. When the precipitation ends, the buoyancy ball valve (4) falls automatically under the effect of gravity, and the water delivery channel is closed. When collecting water samples, the staff can open the door (11) of the thermal insulation box, directly unscrew the collection bottle (9) from the double-hole bottle cap (8) and take it off, cover it tightly with the matching cover and remove it. Preserve and analyze in the laboratory, and change into new collection bottle (9) simultaneously for next precipitation collection. In this way, the repeated use of the same collection bottle (9) for the collection of water samples can be avoided by changing the collection bottle (9) every time. The rainfall scale is marked on the collection bottle (9), which can directly measure the precipitation.

Claims (5)

1. The novel precipitation isotope sampling device is characterized by comprising a precipitation collection aluminum pipe (1), a dirt blocking net (2), a collection funnel (3), a buoyancy ball valve (4), a ball valve opening and closing chamber (5), a water delivery conduit (6), a spiral vent pipe (7), a double-hole bottle cap (8), a collection bottle (9), a heat insulation and heat preservation box (10) and a three-foot fixing support (13); the precipitation collection aluminum pipe (1) is positioned at the upper part of the dirt blocking net (2), is fixed above the collection funnel (3) together with the dirt blocking net (2), is provided with a circular clamping groove below the collection funnel (3) and is connected with the heat insulation box (10), and the buoyancy ball valve (4), the ball valve opening and closing chamber (5), the water delivery guide pipe (6), the spiral vent pipe (7), the double-hole conical bottle cap (8) and the collection bottle (9) are arranged in the heat insulation box (10);

the buoyancy ball valve (4) is a hollow plastic ball with the outer diameter of 40mm, and is arranged in a chamber cavity of the ball valve opening and closing chamber (5), the chamber cavity of the ball valve opening and closing chamber (5) is approximately of a cylindrical structure with the diameter of 44mm, and the lower end of the ball valve opening and closing chamber is in circular arc smooth connection with a water outlet hole in the ball valve opening and closing chamber; the external thread at the upper end of the ball valve opening and closing chamber (5) is screwed with the internal thread cylinder at the lower end of the collecting funnel (3), and the water outlet at the lower end is in a cylinder tooth-shaped structure;

the water delivery conduit (6) is a polypropylene plastic hose with the inner diameter of 10mm, the upper end of the water delivery conduit is connected with a water outlet at the lower end of the ball valve opening and closing chamber (5), the lower end of the water delivery conduit is connected with a cylindrical toothed water inlet of the double-hole bottle cap (8), and the lower end of the double-hole bottle cap (8) adopts a conical ring design;

the spiral vent pipe (7) is a polypropylene plastic hose with the length of 3m and the inner diameter of 4mm, is spirally wound and fixed, and the lower end of the spiral vent pipe is connected with a vent hole of the double-hole bottle cap (8);

the collecting bottle (9) is an HPDE plastic bottle with the capacity of 3L, an external thread is arranged at the bottle mouth of the collecting bottle (9), the collecting bottle is in sealing connection with an internal thread at the lower end of the double-hole bottle cap (8), and rainfall scales are marked on the bottle wall of the collecting bottle (9), so that rainfall measurement can be directly carried out.

2. The novel precipitation isotope sampling device according to claim 1, wherein the precipitation collecting aluminum pipe (1) has a pipe orifice diameter of 200mm and a pipe wall top edge.

3. The novel precipitation isotope sampling device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dirt blocking net (2) is a screen mesh made of stainless steel wires or aluminum wires.

4. The novel precipitation isotope sampling device according to claim 1, wherein the collecting funnel (3) is cylindrical, the upper cross section opening is a circle with the diameter of 200mm, the inside is funnel-shaped, and the lower part is connected with an internal thread cylinder.

5. The novel precipitation isotope sampling device according to claim 1, wherein the heat insulation and preservation box (10) is barrel-shaped, an insulation layer and an aluminum foil outer film are arranged outside, and a door capable of being opened and closed is further arranged.