CN105936119A - Short screw extruder - Google Patents

Short screw extruder Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105936119A
CN105936119A CN201610543257.0A CN201610543257A CN105936119A CN 105936119 A CN105936119 A CN 105936119A CN 201610543257 A CN201610543257 A CN 201610543257A CN 105936119 A CN105936119 A CN 105936119A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
support portion
spiral shell
shell rib
screw
screw body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201610543257.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN105936119B (en
Inventor
高飞
成岗
张晓勇
张文明
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linyi Tianzeyuan Ecological Wood Co ltd
Original Assignee
Yangcheng Institute of Technology
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to CN201610543257.0A priority Critical patent/CN105936119B/en
Publication of CN105936119A publication Critical patent/CN105936119A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN105936119B publication Critical patent/CN105936119B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/78Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
    • B29C48/80Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders
    • B29C48/84Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders by heating or cooling the feeding screws
    • B29C48/845Heating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/397Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using a single screw
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/78Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
    • B29C48/80Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders
    • B29C48/82Cooling

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

A short screw extruder comprises a cylinder (1), a screw (2), and an injection shaft (3). The screw (2) comprises a screw body provided with a central through hole. The screw body comprises a left support part (2.3) and a right support part (2.4). An external screw edge (2.1) of the screw body is arranged between the left support part and the right support part. An internal screw edge (2.2) is arranged in the central hole of the screw body from a position corresponding to the right support part (2.4) in the hole. One section of the left support part (2.3) and one section of the right support part (2.4) are rotatingly matched in the cylinder (1). The injection shaft (3) is arranged in the internal screw edge (2.2). The spiral directions of the external screw edge (2.1) and the internal screw edge (2.2) are opposite. Because the external spiral channel is folded relative to the internal spiral channel, the length of screw is reduced, and thus the extruder is minimized.

Description

A kind of short screw extruder
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of extruder, be specifically related to a kind of short screw extruder.
Background technology
Screw extruder is the visual plant of plastic cement processing, and screw rod is its core component, and the length of screw rod determines the length of extruder. In extruder, machine barrel/screw rod has three effects greatly: one is feeding conveying effect, i.e. feeding section, and two is plastication, by particulate material It is melted into plastic cement melt, i.e. fluxing zone;Three is the extruding zone of steady extruding, melt-stoichiometry effect to be had.
The injecting products that the screw extruder quality to be expected of prior art is good must make screw rod long enough so that it has foot Enough mixing length is with abundant heat of fusion plastic resin material, and therefore, extruder increasingly has the trend of maximization.And in recent years produce The product delivery cycle increasingly shortens, it is desirable to the plasticizing rate of screw rod is increasingly faster, and a lot of extruders become unable to do what one wishes.
Get the raw materials ready in the injecting cavity of screw-type extruder few, needing the occasion of mass storage liquid plastics, need to accelerate instantaneous heating Reach shot or strengthen injecting cavity to improve liquid storage amount;The former accelerates instantaneous heating needs temperature high energy big; The injection pressure that the latter strengthens after injecting cavity is little, and injection force is not enough.Need to design that a kind of spiro rod length is short, measurement chamber is long Extruder meets injection needs.
Summary of the invention
For defect present in above-mentioned prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of short screw extruder.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, a kind of short screw extruder, and including machine barrel, screw rod and injection shaft, screw rod includes tool Having the screw body of central through hole, described screw body to have left support portion and right support portion, screw body is in left support portion and right support portion Between be provided with outer spiral shell rib, in the centre bore of screw body from right support end corresponding in be provided with interior spiral shell rib, described screw rod hole site Between left support portion and the right support portion of body, one section of rotatable engagement is in machine barrel, and described injection shaft coordinates in described interior spiral shell rib;
Described outer spiral shell rib and the interior spiral shell rib hand of spiral are reversed;
External spiral passage between described outer spiral shell rib and machine barrel is external screw thread transportation section, the internal coiling between described interior spiral shell rib and injection shaft Passage starts to the head spiral shell rib generally corresponded to injection shaft head as internal coiling fluxing zone from right support portion, and head spiral shell rib is Internal coiling extruding zone;
The end end of described external spiral transportation section is provided with at least 3 intercommunicating pores, and described intercommunicating pore one end open is in external spiral transportation section In, the other end is opened in internal coiling fluxing zone.
Further, described outer spiral shell rib is gradually lowered from left support portion to the pitch in right support portion identical spiral shell rib, and screw body is from left support Portion to right support portion has the circular cone oblique angle of 5 °~25 °.
Further, screw body correspondence internal coiling fluxing zone and internal coiling extruding zone are provided with heater, and described heater is positioned at spiral shell Near the position of central through hole wall in the body of rod.
Further, described left support portion is rotatably supported on left shaft holder, and right support portion is rotatably supported on right bearing seat.
Further, the pressing plate of gear-box and the fixing connection of the flange of machine barrel, described left shaft holder is fitted in gear-box by flange In bearing press mounting hole.
Further, described screw body only includes left support portion, and screw body is rotatably supported in left support portion;The right-hand member of screw body is Free end, free end extend into the spacing distance of the right baffle plate of distance in machine barrel, and this spacing distance is configured to replace the connection of intercommunicating pore Passage.
Further, between the endoporus correspondence position in injection shaft and right support portion, it is combined with rolling bearing.
Further, injection shaft connects driving means.
Further, the side, left support portion of described screw rod is provided with the rotating driving device being arranged in gear-box, and described rotation drives Device includes driven gear, driving gear and drive shaft, is installed with driven gear in screw body, described driven gear with Driving gear engages, and driving gear is installed on the driving shaft.
Further, described drive shaft is rotatably provided in gear-box, and described drive shaft is driven by motor.
Described short screw extruder, designs the length having accomplished spiro rod length less than fluid passage by the following special construction of screw rod:
1) sleeve of spiral shell rib inside and outside, screw body has outer spiral shell rib and interior spiral shell rib simultaneously, and outer spiral shell rib is used for coordinating with machine barrel, interior spiral shell rib For coordinating with injection shaft;
2) coordinating of internal and external screw passage, sleeve and machine barrel and axle, outer spiral shell rib and machine barrel cooperatively form external spiral passage, external spiral Passage is responsible for carrying particulate material to internal coiling passage;Interior spiral shell rib and injection shaft cooperatively form internal coiling passage;
3) intercommunicating pore or communicating passage, intercommunicating pore or communicating passage are connected between external spiral passage and internal coiling passage, and connection is logical Road is by external spiral passage and internal coiling channel connection integrant screw rod fluid passage so that external spiral passage is relative to internal coiling Passage folds, non-rectilinear order arrangement.
By cooperating of three above structure, jointly accomplish that external spiral passage folds relative to internal coiling passage, shortened spiral shell The length of bar, it is achieved that the miniaturization of extruder;Thermoplastic resin makes through the dynamic shearing stress of intercommunicating pore or communicating passage Obtain resin by Flashmelt, it is simple to form the hot-melt resin of homogenizing high pressure at extruding zone;Screw design becomes the set of inside and outside spiral shell rib Cylinder, if the sleeve that the maintenance in terms of spiral shell rib abrasion more renews, repair and replacement low cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the main sectional view of short screw extruder of the present invention.
Reference in above-mentioned figure:
1 machine barrel, 2 screw rods, 3 injection shafts, 4 driving means, 5 hoppers, 6 intercommunicating pores, 7 storing areas, 8 rolling bearings, 9 left shaft holders, 10 right bearing seats, 11 gear-boxes, 12 driven gears, 13 driving gears, 14 drive shafts, 15 heaters, 16 bearing press mounting holes, 17 pressing plates, 18 flanges, 19 right baffle plates, 20 die heads
2.1 outer spiral shell ribs, spiral shell rib in 2.2,2.3 left support portions, 2.4 right support portions
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are elaborated, but be not limited to the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
As it can be seen, a kind of short screw extruder, including machine barrel 1, screw rod 2, injection shaft 3, injection shaft 3 connects driving means 4, Screw rod 2 is rotatably provided in machine barrel 1, and screw rod 2 includes the screw body with central through hole, and described screw body has left support portion 2.3 and right support portion 2.4, the outside cylinder of screw rod 2 is provided with outer spiral shell rib 2.1 between left support portion 2.3 and right support portion 2.4, Being provided with interior spiral shell rib 2.2 from hole site in the correspondence in right support portion 2.4 in centre bore, described injection shaft 3 coordinates in described In spiral shell rib 2.2;Rolling bearing 8 it is combined with, to reduce note between the endoporus correspondence position in injection shaft 3 and right support portion 2.4 Penetrate the frictional force that axle advances or retreats;
As it can be seen, described outer spiral shell rib 2.1 and interior spiral shell rib 2.2 hand of spiral are reversed, when outer spiral shell rib 2.1 is fight hand flight, Interior spiral shell rib 2.2 is left-handed spiral shell rib, and such guarantee is when screw rod 2 rotates counterclockwise, and the conveying direction of outer spiral shell rib 2.1 is thing Expect that the conveying to the right that supporting part 2.4 spiral moves to the right, the conveying direction of interior spiral shell rib 2.2 are material supporting part 2.3 spirals to the left The conveying to the left of movement.
The left support portion 2.3 of described screw rod 2 is rotatably supported on left shaft holder 9, and right support portion 2.4 is rotatably supported on right bearing seat On 10, the pressing plate 17 of gear-box 11 and the fixing connection of flange 18 of machine barrel 1, described left shaft holder 9 is press-fited by flange 18 In the bearing press mounting hole 16 of gear-box 11, described gear-box 11 and described right bearing seat 10 are installed in frame;Right axle Support seat 10 is fixed in right baffle plate 19.
Described outer spiral shell rib 2.1 is gradually lowered from the pitch identical spiral shell rib in 2.3 to right support portion of left support portion 2.4, and screw body is propped up from a left side 2.3 to right support portion, support part 2.4 has the circular cone oblique angle of 5 °~25 °.Between outer spiral shell rib 2.1 and the machine barrel 1 of described screw rod 2 External spiral passage be external screw thread transportation section A, the internal coiling passage between described interior spiral shell rib 2.2 and injection shaft 3 is from right support portion 2.4 start to the head spiral shell rib generally corresponded to injection shaft 3 head as internal coiling fluxing zone B, and head spiral shell rib is that internal coiling is crowded The section of going out C.
Described driving means 4 is motor, or oil cylinder.
The side, left support portion 2.3 of described screw rod 2 is provided with rotating driving device, described rotating driving device include driven gear 12, Driving gear 13 and drive shaft 14, be installed with driven gear 12, described driven gear 12 and driving gear in screw body 13 engagement, driving gear 13 is arranged in drive shaft 14, and described drive shaft 14 is rotatably provided in gear-box 11, described in drive Moving axis 14 is driven by motor.
The initiating terminal of the external spiral transportation section A of described screw rod 2 is provided with hopper 5, the end end of described external spiral transportation section A be provided with to Few 3 intercommunicating pores 6, described intercommunicating pore 6 one end open is in the A of external spiral transportation section, and the other end is opened on internal coiling fluxing zone B In;Graininess thermoplastic resin material adds from hopper 5, by the effect of outer spiral shell rib 2.1 supporting part 2.4 direction to the right by thing Material gradually extruding is fed forward, until the material of external spiral transportation section A is imported internal coiling fluxing zone B, material from intercommunicating pore 6 Spiral is melted forward is transported to internal coiling extruding zone C, is stored in storing area 7, and the molten thermoplastic resin of storing area 7 promotes Injection shaft 3 retreats.The endoporus in the right support portion 2.4 of described screw rod 2 is coordinated with injection shaft 3 sealing by rolling bearing 8.
The spiral shell rib of described screw rod is actually the helical duct of external spiral transportation section and internal coiling melt zone and internal coiling extruding zone Helical duct obtains after folding, and therefore its spiro rod length is relatively short, extruder relatively small.
Screw body correspondence internal coiling fluxing zone B and internal coiling extruding zone C is provided with heater 15, and described heater 15 is positioned at spiral shell Near the position of central through hole wall in the body of rod.It is further preferred that be provided with absolutely outside the heater 15 of helical feed section A outside Thermosphere 21.
The left end of described screw rod connects die head 20.
Embodiment 2
The screw body of described screw rod 2 only includes left support portion 2.3, and the left shaft holder 9 in described left support portion 2.3 is interval one spacing From two bearing blocks, or one have the bearing block enough rotating bearing length, and the screw body of screw rod 2 is rotatably supported on left On support part 2.3;The right-hand member of screw body is free end, extend into the spacing distance H of the right baffle plate of distance 19 in machine barrel 1.This interval Distance H is configured to replace the communicating passage of intercommunicating pore 6.Outside screw body is provided with between left support portion 2.3 and the right-hand member of screw body Spiral shell rib 2.1.
Graininess thermoplastic resin material adds from hopper 5, by the effect of outer spiral shell rib 2.1 to screw body right-hand member direction by material by Gradually extruding is fed forward, until the material of external spiral transportation section A is imported internal coiling fluxing zone from screw body right-hand member through communicating passage B, material spiral forward is melted is transported to internal coiling extruding zone C, is stored in storing area 7, the molten thermoplastic tree of storing area 7 Fat promotes injection shaft 3 to retreat.

Claims (10)

1. a short screw extruder, including machine barrel (1), screw rod (2) and injection shaft (3), it is characterised in that
Screw rod (2) includes the screw body with central through hole, and described screw body has left support portion (2.3) and right support portion (2.4), Screw body is provided with outer spiral shell rib (2.1) between left support portion and right support portion, from right support portion (2.4) in the centre bore of screw body Corresponding in hole site rise and be provided with interior spiral shell rib (2.2), the left support portion (2.3) of described screw body and right support portion (2.4) it Between one section of rotatable engagement in machine barrel (1), described injection shaft (3) coordinate in described interior spiral shell rib (2.2);
Described outer spiral shell rib (2.1) and interior spiral shell rib (2.2) hand of spiral are reversed;
External spiral passage between described outer spiral shell rib (2.1) and machine barrel (1) is external screw thread transportation section (A), described interior spiral shell rib (2.2) And the internal coiling passage between injection shaft (3) starts to the head generally corresponded to injection shaft (3) head from right support portion (2.4) Being internal coiling fluxing zone (B) till portion's spiral shell rib, head spiral shell rib is internal coiling extruding zone (C);
The end end of described external spiral transportation section (A) is provided with at least 3 intercommunicating pores (6), described intercommunicating pore (6) one end open in In external spiral transportation section (A), the other end is opened in internal coiling fluxing zone (B).
2. short screw extruder as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described outer spiral shell rib (2.1) is from left support portion (2.3) extremely The pitch identical spiral shell rib in right support portion (2.4) is gradually lowered, and screw body has to right support portion (2.4) from left support portion (2.3) The circular cone oblique angle of 5 °~25 °.
3. short screw extruder as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that screw body correspondence internal coiling fluxing zone (B) and interior spiral shell Rotation extruding zone (C) is provided with heater (15), and described heater (15) is positioned in screw body the position near central through hole wall Put.
4. short screw extruder as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described left support portion (2.3) is rotatably supported on left axle In bearing (9), right support portion (2.4) are rotatably supported on right bearing seat (10).
5. short screw extruder as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the pressing plate (17) of gear-box (11) and machine barrel (1) flange (18) is fixing to be connected, and described left shaft holder (9) is fitted in the bearing press mounting hole of gear-box by flange (18) (16) in.
6. short screw extruder as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described screw body only includes left support portion (2.3), Screw body is rotatably supported in left support portion (2.3);The right-hand member of screw body is free end, and free end extend in machine barrel (1) Apart from the spacing distance (H) of right baffle plate (19), this spacing distance (H) is configured to replace the communicating passage of intercommunicating pore.
7. short screw extruder as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that at injection shaft (3) and the endoporus of right support portion (2.4) Rolling bearing (8) it is combined with between correspondence position.
8. short screw extruder as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that injection shaft (3) connects driving means (4).
9. short screw extruder as described in claim 2-8 is arbitrary, it is characterised in that the left support portion (2.3) of described screw rod (2) Side is provided with the rotating driving device being arranged in gear-box (11), and described rotating driving device includes driven gear (12), master Moving gear (13) and drive shaft (14), be installed with driven gear (12), described driven gear (12) in screw body Engaging with driving gear (13), driving gear (13) is arranged in drive shaft (14).
10. short screw extruder as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that described drive shaft (14) is rotatably provided in gear-box (11), in, described drive shaft (14) is driven by motor.
CN201610543257.0A 2016-07-11 2016-07-11 A kind of short screw extruder Active CN105936119B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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CN105936119B CN105936119B (en) 2018-08-17

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017114841A1 (en) 2017-07-04 2019-01-10 Aim3D Gmbh Apparatus and method for the extrusion of thermo-mechanically deformable materials in bulk form and screw extruder compact design
DE102018102731A1 (en) 2018-02-07 2019-08-08 Aim3D Gmbh Method and device for the additive production of a workpiece or component of reinforced plastics

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2440560A1 (en) * 1973-09-11 1975-03-27 Creusot Loire SPRAY HEAD FOR PLASTIC SCREW SPRAYING MACHINES
CN102896759A (en) * 2012-10-18 2013-01-30 华南理工大学 Rotation and axial vibration synergic driving method and device for screw rod of directly-driven dynamic extruder
CN204749210U (en) * 2015-05-27 2015-11-11 顺德职业技术学院 Take hollow screw's extruder
CN205800143U (en) * 2016-07-11 2016-12-14 盐城工学院 A kind of short screw extruder

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2440560A1 (en) * 1973-09-11 1975-03-27 Creusot Loire SPRAY HEAD FOR PLASTIC SCREW SPRAYING MACHINES
CN102896759A (en) * 2012-10-18 2013-01-30 华南理工大学 Rotation and axial vibration synergic driving method and device for screw rod of directly-driven dynamic extruder
CN204749210U (en) * 2015-05-27 2015-11-11 顺德职业技术学院 Take hollow screw's extruder
CN205800143U (en) * 2016-07-11 2016-12-14 盐城工学院 A kind of short screw extruder

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017114841A1 (en) 2017-07-04 2019-01-10 Aim3D Gmbh Apparatus and method for the extrusion of thermo-mechanically deformable materials in bulk form and screw extruder compact design
WO2019007756A1 (en) 2017-07-04 2019-01-10 Aim3D Gmbh Device and method for the extrusion of thermo-mechanically deformable materials in bulk form, and compact screw extruder
DE102017114841B4 (en) 2017-07-04 2022-09-15 Aim3D Gmbh Device and method for the extrusion of thermo-mechanically deformable granular materials
US11597118B2 (en) 2017-07-04 2023-03-07 Aim3D Gmbh Device and method for the extrusion of thermo-mechanically deformable materials in bulk form, and compact screw extruder
DE102018102731A1 (en) 2018-02-07 2019-08-08 Aim3D Gmbh Method and device for the additive production of a workpiece or component of reinforced plastics
DE102018102731B4 (en) 2018-02-07 2023-03-02 Aim3D Gmbh Device and method for the additive manufacturing of a workpiece or component made of reinforced plastics

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