CN105934860A - Method for operation of an onboard power supply - Google Patents
Method for operation of an onboard power supply Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105934860A CN105934860A CN201580005801.XA CN201580005801A CN105934860A CN 105934860 A CN105934860 A CN 105934860A CN 201580005801 A CN201580005801 A CN 201580005801A CN 105934860 A CN105934860 A CN 105934860A
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- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- sub
- electrical network
- low
- battery unit
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/08—Three-wire systems; Systems having more than three wires
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
- B60R16/033—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for characterised by the use of electrical cells or batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/08—Three-wire systems; Systems having more than three wires
- H02J1/082—Plural DC voltage, e.g. DC supply voltage with at least two different DC voltage levels
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0024—Parallel/serial switching of connection of batteries to charge or load circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
- H02J2310/46—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for ICE-powered road vehicles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the operation of an onboard power supply (1) for a motor vehicle, wherein the onboard power supply (1) has a low-voltage subnetwork (21) for at least one low-voltage consumer (29) and a high-voltage subnetwork (20) for at least one high-voltage consumer (25) and a starter/generator (30), wherein the high-voltage subnetwork (20) is connected to the low-voltage network (21) via a coupling unit (33), which is equipped to take energy from the high-voltage subnetwork (20) and supply it to the low-voltage subnetwork (21), wherein the high-voltage subnetwork (20) comprises a battery (40), which is equipped for generating a high voltage and outputting the same to the high-voltage subnetwork (20) and which battery comprises at least two battery units (41) with individual voltage taps (80), which are guided to the coupling unit (33), wherein the coupling unit is equipped to selectively switch the battery unit (41) to the low-voltage subnetwork (21), characterized in that a change of a first battery unit (41), switched to the low-voltage subnetwork (21), to a second battery unit (41) switched to the low-voltage subnetwork (21), is carried out in the following steps: a) disconnection of a conductor between the first switched battery unit (41) and the second switched battery unit (41); b) switching the second switched battery unit (41) to the low-voltage subnetwork (21); c) switching off the first switched battery unit (41) from the low-voltage subnetwork (21); d) connection of the conductor between the first battery unit (41) switched off from the low-voltage subnetwork (21) and the second battery unit (41) switched to the low-voltage subnetwork (21). The invention also relates to a battery management system and a computer program which are equipped to execute the method, as well as an onboard power supply and a motor vehicle on which the method can be executed.
Description
Technical field
A kind of method that the present invention relates to onboard power system for running motor vehicles.
Additionally, the present invention relates to a kind of battery management system and a kind of computer program, it sets
Put for performing the method, and relate to a kind of onboard power system and a kind of motor vehicles, thereon can
Enough implement the method.
Background technology
In the motor vehicles with internal combustion engine, in order to for for internal combustion engine self-starter or
The other electric installation of starter and motor vehicles is powered and is arranged onboard power system, and it is according to standard
With 12 volts of operations.During starting internal combustion engine, by starter accumulator via vehicle-mounted
Electrical network provides voltage for starter, when such as connecting starter by corresponding starting signal,
This starter starts internal combustion engine.If this engine starting, it drives electromotor, this electromotor
Then generate about 12 volts voltage and via onboard power system provide in vehicle different
Electric loading.This electromotor is again that the starter accumulator loaded by starting process is charged at this.
If via onboard power system charging accumulator, then actual voltage can be rated voltage, such as
14V or 14.4V.There is the onboard power system of 12V or 14V voltage in the scope of the present invention
Interior also referred to as low-voltage onboard power system.
Known have the rated voltage of 48V additionally electronic with use in motor vehicle driven by mixed power
Onboard power system, its within the scope of the invention be also referred to as high voltage onboard power system.
Summary of the invention
The method according to the invention relates to a kind of onboard power system for motor vehicles, wherein said car
Carry electrical network have load at least one low-voltage the sub-electrical network of low-voltage, at least one
The sub-electrical network of high voltage of high voltage load and starter-electromotor, wherein, described high voltage
Sub-electrical network is connected via coupling unit electrical network with described low-voltage, and described coupling unit is set
It is set to take out energy from the sub-electrical network of described high voltage and be delivered to the sub-electrical network of described low-voltage, its
In, the sub-electrical network of described high voltage has accumulator, and described accumulator is arranged to generate high voltage
And export to the sub-electrical network of described high voltage, and described accumulator has at least two with list
The secondary battery unit of voltage tap, described univoltage tap guides to described coupling unit, wherein,
Described coupling unit is arranged to, and optionally described secondary battery unit (41) is switched to institute
State the sub-electrical network of low-voltage (21).Following steps realize first, have been turned on to described low
The secondary battery unit of the sub-electrical network of voltage and second, wait to be switched to the electric power storage of the sub-electrical network of described low-voltage
Switching between pool unit:
A) secondary battery unit separate first, having been turned on and second, accumulator to be connected
Wire between unit；
B) described second, secondary battery unit to be connected are switched to the sub-electrical network of described low-voltage；
C) secondary battery unit described first, that have been turned on is cut off from the sub-electrical network of described low-voltage；
D) secondary battery unit that be connected to first, cuts off from the sub-electrical network of described low-voltage and the
Two, the wire having been turned between the secondary battery unit of the sub-electrical network of described low-voltage.
The present invention has the advantage that, can run electric loading by the sub-electrical network of this low-voltage, its
It is arranged on the first low voltage, and the sub-electrical network of high voltage is powered high power load, i.e. has
There is the sub-onboard power system relative to the first higher voltage of voltage.The power supply of the sub-electrical network of low-voltage with
Charging and discharging process in the sub-electrical network of high voltage is overlapping.Low electricity via the sub-electrical network of high voltage
Press sub-electrical network to power at this uniaxially to carry out, i.e. coupling unit provides the most only in a direction
On energy conversion.
This method providing a favourable switched design, it allows to carry out un-interrupted low-voltage
The power supply of sub-electrical network, i.e. in handoff procedure also by least one secondary battery unit be low-voltage son
Electrical network is powered.Thus, the voltage interruption in the sub-electrical network of low-voltage can be without extra buffer system
It is avoided by system.During handoff procedure, accumulator is also that the sub-electrical network of high voltage is as memorizer
For.Here, voltage can be less than rated value in short time, but in the two directions
The charging and discharging of energy stream, i.e. accumulator is possible.
Concept " accumulator " and " secondary battery unit " hereinbefore, meet common language practise
Usedly for energy storage pool or energy storage pool unit.Accumulator includes one or more secondary battery unit,
It can represent accumulator list pond, battery module, module circuitry or battery pack.Those store
Battery list pond the most spatially combines at this and is connected to each other on circuit engineering, such as
One-tenth module connected in series or in parallel.Multiple modules can form the direct transducer of so-called accumulator
(BDC:battery direct converter), and the direct transducer of multiple accumulator can
Form the direct inverter of accumulator (BDI:battery direct inverter).
Being advantageously improved and optimize by subordinate of the method be given in the dependent claims
The scheme mentioned in claim is feasible.
Therefore, it is arranged for respectively providing low electricity when the secondary battery unit optionally switched
During pressure, it is favourable.Should be therefore, it is possible to alternately need this secondary battery unit, it provides low electricity
Pressure, such as, support start stop system, and this can cause service life of raising of secondary battery unit.
According to one preferred embodiment, described coupling unit has the switch of reversely cut-off.
Advantageously, this switch reversely ended is suitable for use in the alternative switching of the sub-electrical network of low-voltage
Being switched on and off of secondary battery unit.This switch has following characteristic, and it is in state " on "
Under make electric current flowing the most in one direction be possibly realized, and can under state "off"
Two kinds of polarity ground absorb blanking voltage.
During the connection of described second, the secondary battery unit to be connected in step b)
Preferably operate at least one switch reversely ended, especially preferably two reverse cut-offs
Switch.Described first, the process of the switching of secondary battery unit that has been turned in step c)
In Preferably also operate switch of at least one reverse cut-off, especially preferably two are reversely
The switch of cut-off.
According to one preferred embodiment, described coupling unit has the switch of forward cut-off.
Advantageously, the series connection of the secondary battery unit that the switch of this forward cut-off is suitable to alternative switching connects
Connect.Be preferably set up, in step a) described first, have been turned on and described second,
At least one forward is operated during the separation of the wire between secondary battery unit to be connected
The switch of cut-off.Preferably also arrange, first, from the storage of low-voltage sub-electrical network cut-out
Battery unit and second, have been turned on leading between the secondary battery unit of the sub-electrical network of described low-voltage
The switch of at least one forward cut-off is operated during the connection of line.
According to one preferred embodiment, described first, the secondary battery unit that has been turned on and institute
State second, secondary battery unit to be connected in step b) by described second, to be connected
After secondary battery unit is switched to the sub-electrical network of described low-voltage and in step c) from described
Before the sub-electrical network of low-voltage cuts off secondary battery unit described first, that have been turned on, about described low
The sub-electrical network of voltage is connected in parallel.Thus this is that by, i.e. at two secondary battery units
Under the charged state deviated significantly from, it is achieved by the electrical network to low-voltage of such secondary battery unit
Power supply, this secondary battery unit has higher charged state or provides higher voltage.?
Under the same or like charged state of secondary battery unit, the sub-electrical network of this low-voltage is by two storages
Battery unit is powered.
According to one preferred embodiment, described first, the secondary battery unit that has been turned on and institute
State second, secondary battery unit to be connected, or secondary battery unit described first, that have been turned off
With second, the secondary battery unit that has been turned on, in the case of connecting wire in-between, about institute
State the sub-line series of high voltage to connect.It is particularly favourable that the first and second secondary battery units,
In the case of connecting wire between it, connect and phase about the sub-line series of described high voltage
Adjacent.If requiring the switching on the secondary battery unit of not direct neighbor, the most multiple handoff procedures
In succession perform under short order so that in each handoff procedure, comprise adjacent accumulator list
Unit.
Being furthermore possible to arrange, the sub-electrical network of this low-voltage has at least one capacitor.This capacitor
It is preferably configured for, stable further in the alternation procedure of the secondary battery unit having been turned on
Low-voltage.The size of this capacitor at this advantageously according to
Select, wherein ImaxFor maximum onboard power system electric current, it should be at handoff procedure
Period flows in the sub-electrical network of low-voltage, tumschaltFor the persistent period, the most do not provide and be used for
The secondary battery unit of power supply, and Δ UmaxFor the onboard power system voltage during handoff procedure
Maximum allowable change.Additionally, this capacitor also preferably is suitable as energy accumulator, its
It is arranged to, produces low-voltage the most in short time and export to the sub-electrical network of low-voltage.
Carrying out when switching in such time point, wherein onboard power system electric current is the least, then
Voltage interruption in the sub-electrical network of low-voltage can advantageously further reduce.This such as can lead to
The switch of the analysis crossing the signal for onboard power system electric current and the coupling unit depending on this
Control to realize.Furthermore it is possible to realize synchronization by load management system, with the short time
Ground, without comfortableness impaired cut off high power load, such as heating system, so that without specified
The handoff procedure of the secondary battery unit of the voltage interruption of value is possibly realized.
It is proposed according to the present invention to a kind of computer program, when at programmable computer installation
During the described computer program of upper enforcement, perform method described here according to it.This computer journey
Sequence such as can be for for realizing the module of the device for running onboard power system or for reality
The module of the battery management system of existing vehicle.This computer program can be stored in machine readable
Storage medium on, as on permanent or re-writable storage medium, or at computer
In the classification of device, such as in portable memorizer, such as CD-ROM, DVD, indigo plant
In CD, USB storage or storage card.Additionally and alternatively, this computer program energy
For downloading in enough computer installations on such as server or cloud-server, such as via such as
The data electrical network of the Internet or such as telephone wire or the communication connection of wireless connections.
According to the present invention, providing a kind of battery management system (BMS) in addition, it has dress
Put, for the method being used for running onboard power system described in execution.In particular, this accumulator
Management system has unit, and it is arranged to so control this coupling unit so that this electric power storage
Pool unit is switched to the sub-electrical network of low-voltage or cuts off from the sub-electrical network of low-voltage.
Give a kind of onboard power system according to the present invention, be able to carry out described side thereon
Method, wherein coupling unit is arranged to, by secondary battery unit about high voltage line series ground
And it is the most coupled to each other about the sub-electrical network of low-voltage.
This onboard power system can be in the static application of such as wind power plant, or in example
Come into operation in the vehicle of hybrid power and electric vehicle.In particular, this onboard power system is at tool
Have in the vehicle of start stop system and use.
The system, i.e. onboard power system and the battery management system that are proposed are particularly suited in vehicle
Using, this vehicle has 48 volts of electromotors and 14 volts of starters, wherein these 14 volts
Starter is preferably provided for start stop system.
The system provided is particularly suited for the application in vehicle, and this vehicle has so-called promotion
Power recovery system (BRS).In motive force recovery system (BRS), electric flux is in brake
In, obtain, thus to bear for electricity in descending or sliding in operation (Segelbetieb)
Carry power supply.This BRS improves system effectiveness, enabling saves fuel or reduces discharge.
Accumulator in the sub-electrical network of high voltage both supports to be referred to as the interior combustion gas of so-called booster, also
Even travelling for electricity in the low velocity of short distance, such as, sailing parking stall into electric and rolling away from
In parking stall.
A kind of motor vehicles given according to the present invention, it has internal combustion engine and car described above
Carry electrical network.
The advantage of the present invention
The invention provides a kind of price with the lithium-ions battery system for vehicle low
Honest and clean onboard power system, it has the such as sub-electrical network of high voltage, low with 48 volts of electromotors
The sub-electrical network of voltage and there is the motive force recovery system of unidirectional power supply of the sub-electrical network of low-voltage.
Here, the DC/DC transducer that electromotive force separates can be cancelled relative to known system, and
Lead-acid accumulator.Additionally, need not independent starter in the sub-electrical network of low-voltage.This promotion
Power recovery system can under suitably design relative to current in developing BRS system
Save significantly more energy, and thus in longer brake process or descending in system
The more electric flux of middle recovery.
The above-mentioned invention according to the present invention includes operation reserve, and it makes electrical network to low-voltage
Power supply without interruption.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Multiple embodiments of the present invention shown in the drawings and discussed further below.Attached
In figure,
Fig. 1 shows the sub-electrical network of the low-voltage according to prior art；
Fig. 2 shows that having the sub-electrical network of high voltage, the sub-electrical network of low-voltage and unidirectional, electromotive force divides
From the onboard power system of DC/DC transducer；
Fig. 3 shows that having the sub-electrical network of high voltage, the sub-electrical network of low-voltage and two-way, electromotive force divides
From the onboard power system of DC/DC transducer；
Fig. 4 shows have the sub-electrical network of high voltage, the sub-electrical network of low-voltage and unidirectional, electric current not
The onboard power system of the DC/DC transducer separated；
Fig. 5 shows coupling unit；
Fig. 6 shows the coupling unit under exemplary running status in Fig. 5；And
Fig. 7 shows reversely and the switch of forward cut-off.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 shows the onboard power system 1 according to prior art.During starting internal combustion engine,
Voltage is provided via onboard power system 1 to starter 11, when the most logical by starter accumulator 10
When crossing corresponding starting signal ON switch 12, this starter starts internal combustion engine (not shown).
If engine starting, then it drives electromotor 13, and this electromotor then produces about 12 volts
Voltage and the different electric loading 14 that is supplied in vehicle via onboard power system 1.Electromotor
13 at this again for be charged by starting process loaded starter accumulator 10.
Fig. 2 show have the sub-electrical network of high voltage 20, the sub-electrical network of low-voltage 21 and unidirectional,
The onboard power system 1 of the DC/DC transducer 22 that electromotive force separates, it is formed at the sub-electrical network of high voltage
Coupling unit between 20 and the sub-electrical network of low-voltage 21.This onboard power system 1 can be vehicle,
The especially onboard power system of motor vehicles, transport vehicle or fork truck.
The sub-electrical network of this high voltage 20 e.g. has 48 volts of onboard power systems of electromotor 23,
This electromotor is driven by internal combustion engine (not shown).This electromotor 23 is built into this embodiment
In, produce electric flux and the sub-electrical network of feed-in high voltage 20 according to the rotary motion of the motor of vehicle
In.The sub-electrical network of this high voltage 20 also includes accumulator 24, and it such as can be configured as lithium
Ion accumulator and its be arranged to, it would be desirable to working voltage export to the sub-electrical network of high voltage
20.Disposing other load resistance 25 in the sub-electrical network of high voltage 20, it such as can pass through
At least one, preferably formed by the electric loading of multiple motor vehicles, it is carried out by high voltage
Drive.
There is starter 26 in the sub-electrical network of low-voltage 21, the sub-electrical network of this low-voltage is arranged on
The outfan of DC/DC transducer 22, this starter 26 is arranged to ON switch 27 to rise
Dynamic internal combustion engine, and energy accumulator 28, it is arranged to, and carries for the sub-electrical network of low-voltage 21
Rated voltage for 12V size.Other load 29 is disposed in the sub-electrical network of low-voltage 21,
It is driven by low-voltage.Energy accumulator 28 such as includes multiple electric current list pond, example
Lead-acid accumulator as such, it is (charged state, SOC=100%) under fully charged state
It is generally of the voltage of 12.8 volts.Accumulator (charged state, SOC=0%) in electric discharge
In, energy accumulator 28 has the terminal voltage of usually 10.8 volts non-loadedly.Low
Onboard power system voltage in the sub-electrical network of voltage 21 stores in travelling operation, respectively according to energy
In the temperature of device 28 and charged state about scope between 10.8 volts and 15 volts.
This DC/DC transducer 22 is at input side and the sub-electrical network of high voltage 20 and and electromotor
23 are connected.This DC/DC transducer 22 is connected at the sub-electrical network of outlet side and low-voltage 21.
This DC/DC transducer 22 is configured to, and receives receive, the high electricity of such as driving at input side
Press sub-electrical network, such as DC voltage between 12 and 48 volts, and produce output electricity
Pressure, its voltage received from input side is different, especially generates less than and is received at input side
The output voltage of voltage, such as 12V or 14V.
Fig. 3 shows have the sub-electrical network of high voltage 20 and the onboard power system of the sub-electrical network of low-voltage 21
1, it is connected by the DC/DC transducer 31 two-way, electromotive force separates.Shown
Onboard power system 1 vehicle mounted electric entoilage structure substantially as shown in Figure 2, wherein electromotor connects
Enter the sub-electrical network of high voltage and use in order to the energy between sub-onboard power system 20,21 transmits
DC/DC transducer 31, it is implemented as what electromotive force separated.Two sub-onboard power systems 20,
Accumulator 24,28 and load 25,29 it is also arranged, as seen described by Fig. 2 in 21.?
The difference of the system shown in Fig. 3 essentially consists of the access way of starter.Show in fig. 2
In the system gone out, starter 26 is placed in the sub-electrical network of low-voltage 21 and thus DC/DC
Transducer 22 can electrical network 20 sub-for high voltage energy transmission for be uniaxially arranged on low
In the sub-electrical network of voltage 21, and its quilt in the structure of the starter-electromotor 30 shown in Fig. 3
Put in the sub-electrical network of high voltage 20.In this case, DC/DC transducer 31 is implemented as
Two-way, thus lithium-ions battery 24 (if necessary) can be via the sub-electrical network of low-voltage
21 are electrically charged.It is via low voltage interface and DC/DC that the starting of this low-voltage vehicle aids in
Transducer 31 realizes.
Fig. 4 shows have the sub-electrical network of high voltage 20 and the onboard power system of the sub-electrical network of low-voltage 21
1, the onboard power system 1 of such as vehicle, especially motor vehicles, transport vehicle or fork truck.This is vehicle-mounted
Electrical network 1 is particularly suited for having 48 volts of electromotors, 14 volts of starters and motive force recovery
The vehicle of system uses.
The sub-electrical network of this high voltage 20 includes starter-electromotor 30, and it can start internal combustion engine (not
Illustrate) and be drivable by it.This starter-electromotor 30 is configured to, according to car
The rotary motion of motor produce in electric flux and the sub-electrical network of feed-in high voltage 20.?
Disposing other load resistance 25 in the sub-electrical network of high voltage 20, it such as can be by least one
Individual, preferably formed by the electric loading of multiple motor vehicles, it is driven by high voltage.
The sub-electrical network of this high voltage 20 includes accumulator 40 in addition, and it such as can be configured as
Lithium-ions battery and its be arranged to, the working voltages of 48 volts are exported to high voltage
Sub-electrical network.This lithium-ions battery 40 preferably has about 15 under the rated voltage of 48 volts
The minimum capacity of Ah, can store required electric flux.
Accumulator 40 has multiple secondary battery unit 41-1,41-2 ... 41-n, plurality of storage
Battery unit 41 is associated with multiple accumulator list pond, and it is generally connected and the most extraly
It is connected in parallel with each other, to reach required power and energy datum by accumulator 40.Single
Accumulator list pond for example, has the lithium-ions battery of the voltage range of 2.8 to 4.2 volts.
Secondary battery unit 41-1,41-2 ... 41-n be associated with univoltage tap 80-11,80-12,
80-21,80-22 ... 80-n1,80-n2, by the voltage of its conveying coupling unit 33.
This coupling unit 33 has following task, by least one secondary battery unit 41 of accumulator 40
It is switched to the sub-electrical network of low-voltage 21 running for it or supporting.
Sub-with low-voltage for sub-for high voltage electrical network 20 electrical network 21 is coupled by coupling unit 33, and
And its outfan for the sub-electrical network of low-voltage 21 provide required working voltage, such as 12V or
Person 14V.The 26S Proteasome Structure and Function of this coupling unit 33 will be described with reference to Fig. 5 and 6.
The sub-electrical network of low-voltage 21 includes low-voltage load 29, and it is such as set with 14V voltage
Run.Arranging according to an embodiment, lithium-ions battery 40 holds in the vehicle shut down
The power supply of load quiescent current load, the load of this quiescent current illustrates as load 25,29.Example
If arranging, meet the requirement of so-called airport test at this, wherein in the parking in six weeks
After time, this vehicle remains and can start, and wherein during down time, this low-voltage is born
The quiescent current carrying 29 is provided to the sub-electrical network of low-voltage 21, the most for example, burglar alarm
Part is powered.
High power memorizer 28 or buffer-stored is disposed alternatively in the sub-electrical network of low-voltage 21
Device, it can provide the highest power in short time, i.e. be optimized to high power.This high power
Memorizer 28 meets this purpose, i.e. avoids further in the handoff procedure of secondary battery unit 41
Overvoltage.If capacitor is used as high power memorizer 28, then its be preferably dimensioned to into:
Wherein ImaxFor maximum onboard power system electric current, it should be vehicle-mounted during handoff procedure
Electrical network flows, tumschaltFor the persistent period, the most do not provide the accumulator list for power supply
Unit, and Δ UmaxMaximum allowable change for the onboard power system voltage during handoff procedure.
The onboard power system that figure 4 illustrates can farther include battery management system (BMS)
(not shown).This battery management system includes controller, and it is set to obtain, process and close
In accumulator 40 or the temperature of secondary battery unit 41, the voltage provided, the electric current of offer
With the measurement data of charged state, and accordingly predict accumulator 40 health status.This storage
Battery management system includes unit at this, and it is arranged to so regulate coupling unit 33 so that
Secondary battery unit 41 can optionally be accessed in the sub-electrical network of low-voltage 21 by it.
Fig. 5 shows coupling unit 33, its be implemented as unidirectional, electric current is unseparated directly
Stream electric pressure converter (DC/DC transducer).This coupling unit 33 includes that reversely ends opens
Closing 44,45, it has following characteristic, and it makes the most in one direction under state " on "
Electric current flowing be possibly realized, and can absorb to two kinds of polarity under the second state "off"
Blanking voltage.Its simple semiconductor switch switched with such as IGBT is different in essence, because
It is unable to absorb blanking voltage due to its internal diode in backward direction.According to electricity
Stream flow direction shows two kinds of different switchtypes, i.e. RSS_I 45 and RSS_r in Figure 5
44, both are as broad as long at its process aspect, but only with different polarity structures.Reversely cut
The example of the further structure of switch 44,45 only describes with reference to Fig. 7.
In coupling unit 33, single tap 80 of secondary battery unit 41 is delivered to difference respectively
Reversely cut-off switch RSS_I 45 and RSS_r 44 in one.This reversely ends switch
RSS_I 45 is at outlet side and positive pole 52 line of coupling unit 33, and reversely ends switch
RSS_r 44 links to negative pole 51 at the outlet side of coupling unit 33.
This coupling unit 33 includes the switch 90 that forward ends, and it such as partly can be led for standard
Body switchs.The example of the further structure of the switch 90 of forward cut-off is described with reference to Fig. 7.
In coupling unit 33, single tap 80 of secondary battery unit 41 is diverged and is parallel to reversely
The switch of cut-off is delivered to the switch VSS 90 of forward cut-off respectively.If this switch 90 is connect
Logical, secondary battery unit 41 is connected in parallel with each other by the switch VSS 90 of this forward cut-off.Here,
The switch 90 of forward cut-off is disposed between each two secondary battery unit 41, thus at n storage
Battery unit 41 arranges the switch VSS 90-1 of n-1 forward cut-off, VSS 90-2 ...
VSS 90-n-1。
The voltage position of the sub-electrical network of this high voltage 20 is depended on reference to the ground connection of the sub-electrical network of low-voltage 21
One or more secondary battery units 41 are switched to where.The most under operation, in electromotive force
One but the amount of having, it exceedes voltage limit with the size of high voltage and the summation of low-voltage,
I.e. in the situation of 48 volts of electrical networks and 14 volts of electrical networks with 62 volts.But it also is able to appearance
Negative potential relative to the ground connection of the sub-electrical network of low-voltage.
Operation and the low-voltage electricity of coupling unit 33 is depended in the operation of starter-electromotor 30
The power supply of net.Connect secondary battery unit 41 in draw by the sub-electrical network of low-voltage and by (as
In the case of being necessary) charged electrical in the whole accumulator of starter-electromotor 30 feed-in 40
Flow (generator operation) or by its discharge current taken out from whole accumulator 40 (electricity
Motivation is run), this secondary battery unit is powered the sub-electrical network of low-voltage 21.As long as less than accumulator
The boundary of the permission of unit, the maximum allowable discharge current in such as single pond, then can be the most only
On the spot observe this process.Owing at least one secondary battery unit 41 is always via described switch
44,45,90 coupling unit 33, the sub-electrical network of this low-voltage of the most reliably powering 21 are connected.
Power supply due to the multiple redundancy of the sub-electrical network of low-voltage 21, it is possible to the structure structure proposed
System, it has the highest availability of the electric flux in the sub-electrical network of low-voltage.
Fig. 6 show the sub-electrical network of low-voltage 21 such as by secondary battery unit 41-1,41-2 via
Reversely the switch RSS_I 45-i of cut-off, RSS_I 45-j, RSS_r 44-i, the RSS_r 44-j accessed
With disconnect forward cut-off switch VSS 90-1 power, its be positioned at secondary battery unit 44-1,
Between 44-2.By positive pole 52 via the switch RSS_I 45-i reversely ended, store via first
Battery unit 41-1 and the switch RSS_r 44-j via other reversely cut-off guide first
Current path 71 to negative pole 51.In addition by positive pole 52 via the switch RSS_I reversely ended
45-j, via the second secondary battery unit 41-2 and via the switch of other reversely cut-off
RSS_r 44-i guides the second current path 72 to negative pole 51.Owing to switching what 90-1 was off,
First secondary battery unit 41-1 and the second secondary battery unit 41-2 is in parallel about the sub-electrical network of low-voltage
Connect.The positive pole of the first secondary battery unit 41-1 be electricity high resistant connect.
For the power supply without interruption of the sub-electrical network of low-voltage 21, the present invention proposes a kind of switching
Method, wherein in step a), by means of the switch VSS of the forward cut-off disposed in wire
The secondary battery unit (for example, secondary battery unit 41-1 at this) that 90-1 disconnects first, has been turned on
And second, between secondary battery unit (for example, secondary battery unit 41-2 at this) to be connected
Wire.After step a), accumulator 40 has the total voltage of 36 volts, the high electricity of its power supply
Press sub-electrical network 20 so that provide two-way energy stream for the sub-electrical network of high voltage 20.Storage additionally
Battery unit 41-2 ... 41-n forms the series circuit of n-1 secondary battery unit at this.
In second step b) then, by postponing, its time period is substantially dependent on institute
The characteristic of switch 44,45,90 used, second, secondary battery unit 41-2 to be connected connects
Pass to the sub-electrical network of low-voltage 21.Fig. 6 shows the state after step b), and two of which stores
Battery unit 41-2 and 41-1 is connected in parallel.
Time delay between being switched off and on is necessary, because otherwise in all switching processes
During transition stage, the voltage in the sub-electrical network of low-voltage 21 is increased to unallowed high value,
Situation about wherein figure 6 illustrates is the total of the voltage of raising extremely sub-accumulator 41-1 and 41-2
With, i.e. improve to twice.When this coupling device 33 with time delay connect, this however represent,
The power supply of the sub-electrical network of low-voltage 21 is interrupted in short time.In order to avoid in unallowed voltage
Disconnected, it is possible to implement buffering according to some embodiments by means of capacitor 28, as with reference to Fig. 4
Describe.
In third step c), if arranging the accumulator connected from low-voltage sub-electrical network 21
The switching of unit 41, first, the secondary battery unit 41-1 having been turned on is from the sub-electrical network of low-voltage 21
Cut off.In the 4th step d), again set up via the switch VSS 90-1 of forward cut-off
The first, from the secondary battery unit 41-1 and second of low-voltage sub-electrical network 21 cut-out, have been turned on
Wire between the secondary battery unit 41-2 of the sub-electrical network of low-voltage 21 connects.Again setting up
After this connection, terminate the conversion from the first to the second secondary battery unit, and do not interrupt low-voltage
The power supply of electrical network 21.
Other embodiment according to the method can specify, cuts off all in step a)
Forward cut-off switch 90.Starter-electromotor 30 is paramount at switch step not feed in energy analysis
Work in the sub-electrical network of voltage and in boosting is run.Switch with shorter delayed backward cut-off
44,45 connect described in one or more secondary battery units 41 to be connected, this delay time
Between section depend on the characteristic of used switch.Therefore, this switching also is able at not direct neighbor
Secondary battery unit 41 between carry out.
Fig. 7 shows the switch 44,45 of reversely cut-off and the possibility of the switch 90 of forward cut-off
Structure.Circulating direction is given with I at this.Reversely the switch RSS_r 44 of cut-off such as includes
The diode 103 that IGBT, MOSFET or bipolar transistor 101 and series connection with it connect.
Figure 8 illustrates MOSFET 101, it has diode 102 that illustrate together, internal.
It is connected to the diode 103 of this MOSFET 101 inside in contrast to MOSFET101
The direction of diode 102 polarizing.Reversely the switch RSS_r 44 of cut-off makes electric current exist
Flow through in a reverse direction on circulating direction I or end.This switch RSS_I 45 reversely ended
Corresponding to RSS_r 44, only with contrary polarity structure, thus circulation and the exchange of cut-off direction.
The switch 90 of forward cut-off includes MOSFET, IGBT or bipolar transistor 101, its
In its internal diode 102 illustrated together.Switch RSS_I 45, RSS_r 44 and VSS
90 highlight in switching process also by the most perceptible delay in particular, i.e. allow very
Short section switching time.By suitable control circuit, between being switched off and on of switch
Time delay can be regulated very precisely.
The present invention is not restricted to embodiment described here and the aspect emphasized at this.On the contrary
Multiple amendment within the scope of given by claim is possible, and it is in this area skill
In the process range of art personnel.
Claims (11)
1. for the method running the onboard power system (1) for motor vehicles, wherein, institute
State onboard power system (1) and there is the low-voltage electricity at least one low-voltage load (29)
Net (21), at least one high voltage load (25) the sub-electrical network of high voltage (20) with
And starter-electromotor (30), wherein, the sub-electrical network of described high voltage (20) is via coupling
Unit (33) electrical network with described low-voltage (21) is connected, and described coupling unit is set
For extracting energy from the sub-electrical network of described high voltage (20) and being delivered to the sub-electrical network of described low-voltage
(21), wherein, the sub-electrical network of described high voltage (20) has accumulator (40), described storage
Battery is arranged to generate high voltage and export to the sub-electrical network of described high voltage (20), and
Described accumulator has at least two secondary battery unit (41) with univoltage tap (80),
Described univoltage tap is directed to described coupling unit (33), wherein, described coupling unit
(33) it is arranged to, optionally described secondary battery unit (41) is switched to described low electricity
Press sub-electrical network (21), it is characterised in that realize from first in following steps, have been turned on to
The secondary battery unit (41) of the sub-electrical network of described low-voltage (21) to second, wait to be switched to described
The switching of the secondary battery unit (41) of the sub-electrical network of low-voltage (21):
A) separate first, have been turned on second, secondary battery unit (41) to be connected
Between wire；
B) described second, secondary battery unit (41) to be connected are switched to described low-voltage
Sub-electrical network (21)；
C) accumulator described first, that have been turned on is cut off from the sub-electrical network of described low-voltage (21)
Unit (41)；
D) be connected to first, the accumulator list cut off from the sub-electrical network of described low-voltage (21)
Unit (41) and second, have been turned on the secondary battery unit (41) to the sub-electrical network of described low-voltage (21)
Between wire.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described secondary battery unit
(41) it is arranged for respectively providing low-voltage.
3. according to method in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterised in that described
Coupling unit (33) has the switch (44,45) of reversely cut-off, and in step b)
Described second, secondary battery unit (41) to be connected connection during operate at least one
The switch (44,45) of individual reverse cut-off.
4. according to method in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterised in that described
Coupling unit (33) has the switch (44,45) of reversely cut-off, and in step b)
Described first, the cut-out of secondary battery unit (41) that has been turned on during operate at least one
The switch (44,45) of individual reverse cut-off.
5. according to method in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterised in that described
Coupling unit (33) have forward cut-off switch (90), and in step a)
Described first, have been turned on and between described second, secondary battery unit (41) to be connected
The switch (90) of at least one forward cut-off is operated during the separation of wire.
6. according to method in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterised in that described
The first, the secondary battery unit (41) having been turned on and described second, secondary battery unit to be connected
(41) described second, secondary battery unit (41) to be connected are connected in step b)
To after the sub-electrical network of described low-voltage and in step c) from the sub-electrical network of described low-voltage
(21) before cutting off secondary battery unit (41) described first, that have been turned on, about described low
The sub-electrical network of voltage (21) is connected in parallel.
7. according to method in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterised in that described
The first, the secondary battery unit (41) having been turned on and described second, secondary battery unit to be connected
(41), in the case of connecting wire in-between, about the sub-electrical network of described high voltage (20)
It is connected in series and adjacent.
8. a battery management system, for performing according to arbitrary in claim 1 to 7
Method described in Xiang, has for controlling for the coupling unit connecting secondary battery unit (41)
(33) unit.
9. a computer program, when implementing described calculating on programmable computer installation
During machine program, described computer program is arranged for performing to appoint according in claim 1 to 7
One described method.
10. an onboard power system (1), is able to carry out thereon according to claim 1 to 7
According to any one of method, wherein, coupling unit (33) is arranged to, by accumulator list
Unit (41) about the sub-electrical network of high voltage (20) in series and about the sub-electrical network of low-voltage (21)
The most coupled to each other.
11. 1 kinds of motor vehicles, have internal combustion engine and vehicle mounted electric according to claim 10
Net (1).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102014201348.8A DE102014201348A1 (en) | 2014-01-27 | 2014-01-27 | Method for operating a vehicle electrical system |
| DE102014201348.8 | 2014-01-27 | ||
| PCT/EP2015/051362 WO2015110579A1 (en) | 2014-01-27 | 2015-01-23 | Method for operation of an onboard power supply |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105934860A true CN105934860A (en) | 2016-09-07 |
| CN105934860B CN105934860B (en) | 2019-07-09 |
Family
ID=52444279
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201580005801.XA Active CN105934860B (en) | 2014-01-27 | 2015-01-23 | Method for running onboard power system |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP6190077B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR101841559B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN105934860B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102014201348A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2015110579A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109661745A (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2019-04-19 | 黑拉有限责任两合公司 | Twin voltage battery and its installation method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6196955B2 (en) | 2013-10-02 | 2017-09-13 | エア・ウォーター防災株式会社 | Fire extinguishing gas jetting apparatus and gas fire extinguishing apparatus provided with the same |
| JP6468138B2 (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2019-02-13 | 株式会社デンソー | Power supply |
| JP6761172B2 (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2020-09-23 | 株式会社今仙電機製作所 | Vehicle power supply |
| JP6751512B2 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2020-09-09 | 株式会社オートネットワーク技術研究所 | In-vehicle power supply |
| EP3627647B1 (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2022-08-31 | KNORR-BREMSE Systeme für Nutzfahrzeuge GmbH | A system and a method for providing electric power |
| JP7518333B2 (en) | 2020-01-20 | 2024-07-18 | 株式会社今仙電機製作所 | Vehicle power supply device |
| JP2022073490A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2022-05-17 | 株式会社今仙電機製作所 | Power supply device for vehicle |
| DE102021101601A1 (en) | 2021-01-26 | 2022-07-28 | Audi Aktiengesellschaft | Electrical system for a motor vehicle and motor vehicle |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2017506498A (en) | 2017-03-02 |
| CN105934860B (en) | 2019-07-09 |
| KR101841559B1 (en) | 2018-03-23 |
| KR20160114677A (en) | 2016-10-05 |
| JP6190077B2 (en) | 2017-08-30 |
| DE102014201348A1 (en) | 2015-07-30 |
| WO2015110579A1 (en) | 2015-07-30 |
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