CN105932854B - A kind of linear electric generator is primary - Google Patents

A kind of linear electric generator is primary Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105932854B
CN105932854B CN201610279858.5A CN201610279858A CN105932854B CN 105932854 B CN105932854 B CN 105932854B CN 201610279858 A CN201610279858 A CN 201610279858A CN 105932854 B CN105932854 B CN 105932854B
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China
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primary
unit
primary unit
section
segment
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CN201610279858.5A
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CN105932854A (en
Inventor
王海峰
邱书恒
艾程柳
黄元峰
徐松
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Institute of Electrical Engineering of CAS
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Institute of Electrical Engineering of CAS
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K35/00Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K35/02Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit with moving magnets and stationary coil systems

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of linear electric generator is primary, and described linear electric generator is primary to include segmented primary stator core and segmented armature winding;Primary stator core and armature winding are segmented in vertical direction, form Multi-segment primary stator core unit and armature winding unit.Primary stator slot (6) is provided with uniform intervals towards the side of secondary in primary stator core unit, each section of armature winding unit is embedded in the primary stator slot (6) of corresponding primary stator core unit, forms one section of primary unit.Bossing between adjacent primary stator slot (6) is primary stator tooth (5).Length positioned at the primary unit of secondary centre opening position is most long, and the length of the primary unit more remote apart from secondary centre position is shorter.Break-make is controlled by a set of power electronic devices along two armature winding units that secondary centre is arranged symmetrically.The present invention can be used for point to absorb direct-drive type wave energy electricity generation system.

Description

A kind of linear electric generator is primary
Technical field
The present invention relates to wave-energy power generation technical field, and in particular to one kind is applied to direct-drive type point and absorbs wave-energy power generation Long secondary, the short preliminary linear generator of system.
Background technology
Point absorbs the hair that Wave energy generating system refers to be much smaller than wave wavelength for capturing the floating float size of energy Electric system, the system are commonly divided into direct-driving type and non-direct drive type.The float connection pneumatic system of non-direct drive type system, hydraulic pressure system The speed raising apparatus such as system or gear-box, then reconnects rotary generator.The small volume of non-direct drive type system, but in-between link Complexity, reduce the reliability and conversion efficiency of system.Direct-driving type system float is directly connected to linear electric generator, it is not necessary to any Intermediary agency.This system architecture is simple, improves the efficiency and reliability of system.Filled by linear electric generator as data-collection It is that direct-drive type point absorbs Wave energy generating system that the point put, which absorbs Wave energy generating system,.
In general, according to structure can be divided into single side type, double-flanged end, four side types, cylinder type etc. a variety of for linear electric generator Form.To ensure the active wires length of cutting magnetic field, linear electric generator is frequently with long secondary, short primary structure.Directly driving In formula Wave energy generating system, in order to ensure that linear electric generator is not damaged under extreme sea condition, from the specified work(of linear electric generator Rate is much larger than wave power under extreme sea condition, therefore under normal sea situation, linear electric generator is operated in far below rated power In the case of.According to motor theory, in the case where actual generation power is less than rated power, input power is lower, and motor turns It is faster to change efficiency decline so that the universal efficiency of wave energy linear electric generator is low, as China Research Institute 10kW point is inhaled Receipts formula Wave energy generating system, under 3kW wave, the phenomenon of this " low load with strong power " causes linear generating for its long-term work Machine conversion efficiency is very low.The problem of same, is very common in all kinds of wave energy generating sets at home and abroad.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome existing point not absorb direct-drive type wave energy electricity generation system cathetus generator power not With the shortcomings that, propose that a kind of linear electric generator is primary for short primary long secondary linear electric generator.
The present invention is rational in infrastructure, is designed using segmented, blocking, has high excellent of operational efficiency in broad power band Point.The present invention can be used for point to absorb direct-drive type wave energy electricity generation system.
Linear electric generator of the present invention is primary to include segmented primary stator core and segmented armature winding.
The present invention is segmented, by whole section of primary in the case where not increasing motor materials cost to primary stator core Stator core and armature winding are segmented in vertical direction, form Multi-segment primary stator core unit and armature winding unit.Often The primary stator core unit of section is formed by silicon steel plate stacking, in primary stator core unit towards the side of secondary between uniform Separate fluted, the groove opened is primary stator slot.Bossing between adjacent primary stator slot is primary fixed Sub- tooth.Corresponding to each section of armature winding unit insertion in the primary stator slot of primary stator core unit, at the beginning of one section of composition Level unit.Each section of primary unit can regard as can independent operating linear electric motor primary.Consider wave motion position simultaneously The sinusoidal rule of shifting, every section of primary unit is symmetrical in vertical direction as origin using the center of secondary, and at the beginning of every section The length of level unit is different, and the length positioned at the primary unit of secondary centre opening position is most long, more remote apart from secondary centre position Primary unit length it is shorter.Two primary unit windings being arranged symmetrically along secondary centre pass through a set of power electronic devices Control break-make.
The primary of linear electric generator of the present invention is divided into multiple primary units:Input is adjusted according to the size of actual wave to generate electricity Primary unit number, so as to the effective winding length of regulator generator and then change generator copper loss, realize generator rating power Adjustment, concrete operating principle is for example following:In the case of electric machine structure parameter constant, rated power will not be sent out conventional electric generators Changing, and its efficiency highest, reason are under nominal power, when machine winding, iron core, permanent magnet material size fix In the case of, the absolute value of partition losses is basically unchanged, and when output power of motor reduces, the ratio that loss accounts for power output increases Greatly, decline motor efficiency under less than specified operating mode.And correlative study shows, in the equipment of direct-drive type low speed operation, Generator copper loss accounting is larger.
The present invention is the short primary structure for the segmented blocking of short primary long secondary linear electric generator, and straight line is sent out Electric machine structure can use conventional linear electric machine structure, such as single side type, double-flanged end, four side types, cast.Linear generator secondary level can Using conventional linear motor secondary structure, secondary excitation uses permanent magnet excitation, and magnetic steel array can use N, S pole uniform intervals battle array Row can also use HALBACH arrays etc..Primary, secondary is wrapped with motor case, plays sealing or supporting role.It is primary, secondary Level and casing collectively constitute a complete linear electric generator.
Operation principle and the course of work of the present invention are as follows:
Direct-drive type point absorbs Wave energy generating system and moved up and down by floating float in the presence of wave buoyancy, drags The straight reciprocating motion in motor of secondary with permanent magnet produces alternating magnetic field, and then is induced on the winding of primary iron core Electric current, multiple primary iron-core coils form stabling current output according to being necessarily linked in sequence.During wave size variation, secondary is shaken Dynamic amplitude can also change therewith.
The present invention is under the sea situation of normal rips, by cut-offfing for power electronic devices, only make from center it is near just Level cell operation so that effective winding length is shorter, can reduce copper wastage, to ensure that generator is imitated under rips sea situation Rate does not decline;When wave increases, by cut-offfing for power electronic devices, make further from it is static when secondary centre primary it is single Member work, increase the length of effective winding, increase electromagnetic damping, while ensureing electric efficiency, motor is not damaged because of billow It is bad.Namely by controlling the switching of each section of stator winding, realize the change of the motor rated power under different sea situations.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are:The present invention can well adapt to answering for an absorption direct-drive type wave energy electricity generation system With the problem of generator efficiency for overcoming in conventional power generation systems " low load with strong power " to bring is relatively low, ensuring that motor is not damaged In the case of bad, the generating efficiency that motor is higher under different sea situations is kept.
Brief description of the drawings
The structural representation of Fig. 1 linear generator secondary levels of the present invention, in figure:1 first paragraph primary unit, 2-1,2-2 second Section primary unit, the 3rd section of primary unit of 3-1,3-2,4 primary winding coils, 5 primary stator tooths, 6 primary stator slots, 7 times Level;
The embodiment one of Fig. 2 linear generator secondary levels of the present invention, in figure:1 first paragraph primary unit, 2-1,2-2 second segment Primary unit, the 3rd section of primary unit of 3-1,3-2,4 primary winding coils, 5 primary stator tooths, 6 primary stator slots, 7 levels, 8 connecting rods, 9 anticollision springs, 10 back-moving springs, 11 cables, 12 floating floats, 13 motor housings, 14 wires, 15 power electronics are whole Flow device, 16 dc bus, 17 electronic power inverters;
The embodiment two of Fig. 3 linear generator secondary levels of the present invention, in figure:1 first paragraph primary unit, 2-1,2-2 second segment Primary unit, the 3rd section of primary unit of 3-1,3-2,4 primary winding coils, 5 primary stator tooths, 6 primary stator slots, 7 levels, 8 connecting rods, 12 floating floats, 14 wires, 15 electronic power rectifiers, 16 dc bus, 17 electronic power inverters, 18 dampings are floating Son.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Fig. 1 show the primary structure of linear electric generator of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, it is located at the center of equilbrium position, now linear generator secondary level 6 when linear generator secondary level 6 is static With the center superposition of first paragraph primary unit 1 of linear electric generator.Primary stator core towards secondary side at uniform intervals Groove is provided with, this groove is primary stator slot 6.Bossing is primary stator tooth 5 between adjacent primary stator slot 6. Primary winding coil 4 is distributed in primary stator slot 6.
Described linear electric generator primary is divided into multistage, is respectively:First paragraph primary unit 1;Second segment primary unit 2- 1、2-2;3rd section of primary unit 3-1,3-2.Wherein the length of first paragraph primary unit 1 is more than the first second segment primary unit 2-1 With the two or two section of primary unit 2-2 length sum, the first second segment primary unit 2-1 and the second second segment primary unit 2-2 Equal length;First second segment primary unit 2-1 and the second second segment primary unit 2-2 length sum are more than the oneth the 3rd Section primary unit 3-1 and the two or three section of primary unit 3-2 length sum, the one or three section of primary unit 3-1 and the two the Three sections of primary unit 3-2 equal length.Wherein the first second segment primary unit 2-1 and the second second segment primary unit 2-2 edges The center of secondary 7 is symmetrical, and the first second segment primary unit 2-1 is located at the upside of first paragraph primary unit 1, and the two the Two sections of primary unit 2-2 are located at the downside of first paragraph primary unit 1;Wherein the one or three section of primary unit 3-1 and the 2nd the 3rd Centers of the section primary unit 3-2 along secondary 7 is symmetrical, at the beginning of the one or three section of primary unit 3-1 is located at the first second segment Level unit 2-1 upside, the two or three section of primary unit 3-2 are located at the second second segment primary unit 2-2 downside.
Embodiment one
The primary direct-drive type wave energy electricity generation system that can be used for being fixed on sea bed of linear electric generator of the present invention, shown in Fig. 2 For embodiment one:The direct-drive type point that sea bed is fixed in bottom absorbs Wave energy generating system.As shown in Fig. 2 motor case 13 is solid Due on the sea bed of seabed, floating float 12 is floated on sea.2-1,2-2 points of two sections of second segment primary units of linear electric generator Not Wei Yu first paragraph primary unit 1 both sides up and down, the one or three section of primary unit 3-1 be located at the first second segment primary unit 2- 1 upside, the two or three section of primary unit 3-2 is located at the second second segment primary unit 2-2 downside, and is integrally attached to motor The inner side of casing 13.Armature winding 4 can also use Distributed Winding or other modes using concentratred winding, embedded in primary stator line In groove 5, primary stator slot 5 can use straight trough, can also use peariform slot or other modes, between Neighboring primary stator slot Bossing is primary stator tooth 6, plays magnetic conduction.
Secondary 7 is placed in the linear electric generator primary of the present invention, is pressed close to electric motor primary but is not contacted, can be on opposing primary Lower motion.Fig. 2 show secondary 7 it is static when position.Motor case 13 is fixed in the lower end of secondary 7 by back-moving spring 10 Bottom.After the motion upwards of secondary 7, back-moving spring 10 can make secondary 7 return to initial position.The company of being terminated with secondary 7 Bar 8, connecting rod 8 and motor case 13 connect, and connecting rod 8 can move up and down, but can not swing.The top of motor case 13 is set Be equipped with anticollision spring 9, anticollision spring 9 is placed on outside connecting rod 8, its role is to prevent secondary 7 acutely upwards motion when with electricity Bump against on the top of machine shell 13.The top of connecting rod 8 is connected by cable 11 with floating float 12.Float 12 is floated in wave buoyancy When being moved under effect, moved by the drivening rod 8 of cable 11.Connecting rod 8 under the limitation on the top of motor housing 13 by up and down, shake The motion of six pendulum, rotation dimensions is converted to simple up and down motion, then is delivered in secondary 7.
Linear electric generator primary of the present invention is connected by wire 14 with electronic power rectifier 15, first paragraph primary unit 1 Individually one electronic power rectifier of connection, two sections of second segment primary units 2-1,2-1 connect an electronic power rectification jointly Device, two sections of the 3rd section of primary unit 3-1,3-2 connect an electronic power rectifier jointly.Electronic power rectifier 15 has control concurrently Make the function of each section of primary unit start and stop.Electronic power rectifier 15 will import dc bus 16 after three-phase alternating current electric rectification, whole Direct current after stream is by the inversion of electronic power inverter 17 to supply AC electric appliance after stablizing alternating current.
Under the sea situation of normal rips, the present invention cuts off first paragraph primary unit by power electronic devices rectifier 15 Between 1 and two sections of second segment primary units 2-1,2-2, the first second segment primary unit 2-1 and the one or three section of primary unit 3-1 Between and winding between the second second segment primary unit 2-2 and the two or three section of primary unit 3-2 connection, only make One section of primary unit 1 works.Now due to two section of second primary unit 2-1,2-2 and two sections of the 3rd section of primary unit 3-1,3-2 Winding do not access current loop, therefore do not produce copper loss, the operating efficiency of motor under the operating mode can be added.When wave increases, lead to The control of electronic power rectifier 15 is crossed, two sections of second segment primary units 2-1,2-2 are devoted oneself to work, increase the length of effective winding Degree, increase electromagnetic damping, while ensureing electric efficiency, motor is not damaged because wave increases.When wave continues increase, By the control of electronic power rectifier 15, two sections of the 3rd section of primary unit 3-1,3-2 are also devoted oneself to work, ensure that motor is efficient Stable operation.
Embodiment two
The primary direct-drive type point that can be used for double buoys float formulas of linear electric generator of the present invention absorbs Wave energy generating system.Figure 3 show embodiment two:The direct-drive type point of double buoys float formulas absorbs Wave energy generating system.As shown in figure 3, electricity generation system is whole Body is floated on sea, and floating float 10 is floated on sea, as shown in figure 3, two sections of second segment primary units of linear electric motors 2-1,2-2 are located at the both sides up and down of first paragraph primary unit 1 respectively, and the one or three section of primary unit 3-1 is located at the first second segment Primary unit 2-1 upside, the two or three section of primary unit 3-2 are located at the second second segment straight line units 2-2 downside, and integrally It is fixed on the inner side of floating float 10.Armature winding 4 can also use Distributed Winding or other modes using concentratred winding, be embedded in In primary stator slot 5.Primary stator slot 5 can also use peariform slot or other modes using straight trough.Adjacent primary is determined Bossing between sub-line groove is primary stator tooth 6, plays magnetic conduction.Secondary 7 is placed in the linear electric motor primary of the present invention, Press close to electric motor primary but do not contact, can be moved up and down with opposing primary.Position when secondary is located at static as shown in Figure 3.Secondary 7 Bottom is connected with damping float 9 by connecting rod 8;When there is wave, buoyancy caused by floating float 10 and damping float 9 is not Together, damping float 9 plays a part of preventing secondary 7 from moving upwards with primary so that motor first paragraph primary unit 1, two section the There is relative motion between two sections of primary unit 2-1,2-2, two sections of the 3rd section of primary unit 3-1,3-2 and secondary 7 and produce change Magnetic field generation.
Linear electric generator primary is connected by wire 14 with electronic power rectifier 15, and first paragraph primary unit 1 individually connects Connect an electronic power rectifier, two sections of second segment primary units 2-1,2-1 connect an electronic power rectifier jointly, two sections 3rd section of primary unit 3-1,3-2 connect an electronic power rectifier jointly, and electronic power rectifier 15 is also had concurrently at the beginning of each section The start and stop of level unit, electronic power rectifier 15 will import dc bus 16, the direct current after rectification after three-phase alternating current electric rectification AC electric appliance is supplied after being to stablize alternating current by the inversion of electronic power inverter 17.
Under the sea situation of normal rips, the present invention cuts off first paragraph primary unit by power electronic devices rectifier 15 Between 1 and two sections of second segment primary units 2-1,2-2, the first second segment primary unit 2-1 and the one or three section of primary unit 3-1 Between, and the connection of the winding between the second second segment primary unit 2-2 and the two or three section of primary unit 3-2, only make One section of primary unit 1 works, now due to two section of second primary unit 2-1,2-2 and two sections of the 3rd section of primary unit 3-1,3-2 Winding do not access current loop, therefore do not produce copper loss, the operating efficiency of motor under the operating mode can be added.When wave increases, lead to The control of electronic power rectifier 15 is crossed, two sections of second segment primary units 2-1,2-2 are devoted oneself to work, increase the length of effective winding Degree, increase electromagnetic damping, while ensureing electric efficiency, motor is not damaged because wave increases.When wave continues increase, By the control of electronic power rectifier 15, two sections of the 3rd section of primary unit 3-1,3-2 are also devoted oneself to work, ensure that motor is efficient Stable operation.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of linear electric generator is primary, it is characterised in that:Described linear electric generator is primary to include segmented primary stator iron Core and segmented armature winding;Primary stator core and armature winding are segmented in vertical direction, form Multi-segment primary stator iron Core unit and armature winding unit;Primary stator is provided with uniform intervals towards the side of secondary in primary stator core unit Wire casing (6), each section of armature winding unit are embedded in the primary stator slot (6) of corresponding primary stator core unit, composition One section of primary unit;Bossing between adjacent primary stator slot (6) is primary stator tooth (5);
Described linear electric generator primary is respectively:First paragraph primary unit (1), the first second segment primary unit (2-1), second Second segment primary unit (2-2), the one or three section of primary unit (3-1), and the two or three section of primary unit (3-2);Wherein The length of first paragraph primary unit (1) is more than the length sum of second segment primary unit (2-1,2-2), second segment primary unit The length sum of (2-1,2-2) is more than the length sum of the 3rd section of primary unit (3-1,3-2);First second segment primary unit The center of (2-1) and the second second segment primary unit (2-2) along secondary (7) is symmetrical, the first second segment primary unit (2-1) is located at the upside of first paragraph primary unit (1), and the second second segment primary unit (2-2) is located at first paragraph primary unit (1) Downside;The center pair of one or three section of primary unit (3-1) and the two or three section of primary unit (3-2) along secondary (7) Claim distribution, the one or three section of primary unit (3-1) is located at the upside of the first second segment primary unit (2-1), at the beginning of the two or three section Level unit (3-2) is located at the downside of the second second segment primary unit (2-2);
Under the sea situation of normal rips, cut-out first paragraph primary unit (1) and two sections of second segment primary units (2-1,2-2) it Between, between the first second segment primary unit (2-1) and the one or three section of primary unit (3-1), and the second second segment is primary single The connection of winding between first (2-2) and the two or three section of primary unit (3-2), first paragraph primary unit (1) is only made to work;When When wave increases, two sections of second segment primary units (2-1,2-2) are devoted oneself to work;When wave continues increase, by two section the 3rd Section primary unit (3-1,3-2) is also devoted oneself to work.
It is 2. primary according to the linear electric generator described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Primary positioned at secondary centre opening position is single The length of member is most long, and the length of the primary unit more remote apart from secondary centre position is shorter;Two be arranged symmetrically along secondary centre Individual armature winding unit controls break-make by a set of power electronic devices.
CN201610279858.5A 2016-04-28 2016-04-28 A kind of linear electric generator is primary Expired - Fee Related CN105932854B (en)

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CN106849603B (en) * 2017-04-11 2019-10-11 北京机械设备研究所 A kind of long stroke linear motor based on power segmentation
CN107013435B (en) * 2017-05-23 2018-12-11 青岛中公联信息科技有限公司 Linear compressor and its control method
CN107023453B (en) * 2017-05-23 2019-01-04 青岛中公联信息科技有限公司 Linear compressor and refrigeration system
CN108712051B (en) * 2018-04-12 2020-10-23 沈阳工业大学 Integrated three-phase high-frequency transformer's cylindrical straight line permanent magnet generator
CN108494217A (en) * 2018-06-01 2018-09-04 金陵科技学院 A kind of Halbach permanent magnet arrays vibrating electricity generator
IT201900004221A1 (en) 2019-03-22 2020-09-22 Univ Degli Studi Di Napoli Parthenope Wave energy conversion device
CN110344994B (en) * 2019-07-23 2021-08-13 广东工业大学 Double-float wave power generation device

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