CN105926570B - The method for determining strong rammer effective reinforcement depth - Google Patents
The method for determining strong rammer effective reinforcement depth Download PDFInfo
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- CN105926570B CN105926570B CN201610318309.4A CN201610318309A CN105926570B CN 105926570 B CN105926570 B CN 105926570B CN 201610318309 A CN201610318309 A CN 201610318309A CN 105926570 B CN105926570 B CN 105926570B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D1/00—Investigation of foundation soil in situ
- E02D1/02—Investigation of foundation soil in situ before construction work
- E02D1/022—Investigation of foundation soil in situ before construction work by investigating mechanical properties of the soil
- E02D1/025—Investigation of foundation soil in situ before construction work by investigating mechanical properties of the soil combined with sampling
Abstract
The invention discloses method a kind of simple to operate, improving the determination strong rammer effective reinforcement depth of detection effective reinforcement depth accuracy.The method of the determination strong rammer effective reinforcement depth, comprises the following steps：(1) the compactness λ before embankment strong rammer is detected0, compactness λ after strong rammer1；(2) the reinforcement elements body according to corresponding to being chosen strong rammer tamping point arrangement form；Tamping point quantity n in reinforcement elements body is counted, and is numbered to each tamping point；And measure accumulative ramming volume h when each tamping point only rams in reinforcement elements bodyi, i the i-th tamping points of expression；Calculate the average value that each tamping point in reinforcement elements body stops accumulative ramming volume when ramming(3) the area sum A ' of each tamping point in reinforcement elements bulk area A and reinforcement elements body is calculated；(4) strong rammer effective reinforcement depth H is calculated.Method using the determination strong rammer effective reinforcement depth is simple to operate, and efficiency high, cost are cheap.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to highway, railway bed construction field, more particularly to a kind of side for determining strong rammer effective reinforcement depth
Method.
Background technology
It is known：Heavy-tamping method is a kind of foundation consolidating technology that French Menard companies started in 1969, has technique
Simply, outstanding advantages of significant effect, equipment are simple, low-cost, suitable soil layer scope is wide, therefore have in current engineering
Important and be widely applied.
Effective plus depth of heavy-tamping method is both to reflect the important parameter for the treatment of effect, is the weight for selecting Ground Treatment Schemes again
Will foundation.Heavy-tamping method founder Menard proposes famous plum and receives formulaIn formula, H is effective reinforcement depth (m)；
M is hammer ram weight (t)；H is falling distance of rammer (m).It is simple that plum receives formula form, but the formula only considered tamping energy to effectively reinforcing
The influence of depth, soil body type and different parameters are not accounted for ramming the influence of effect, and formula dimension disunity, calculate knot
Fruit is generally bigger than normal, and more plum using amendment receives formula in practice,In formula, α is that plum receives formula correction factor.
The correction factor α that different scholar proposes largely is fluctuated between 0.3~0.8, to thick of gravelly soil, sand etc.
The correction factor α of grain soil changes (it is then 0.5 to take average) between 0.4~0.6, and silt, cohesive soil, collapsible loess etc. are thin
The result difference that scholars different the correction factor α of granular soil provides is larger, loess between 0.45~0.66.
《Building foundation treatment technical specification》(JGJ79-2012) provided in, the solid depth of effectively putting of heavy-tamping method should be according to existing
Field examination is rammed or local empirically determined, influence factor energy level and soil property of the consideration to effective reinforcement depth when lacking data or experience
Give the recommended value that strong rammer estimates influence depth.
Numerous scholar experts combine a large amount of engineering practices and propose the calculating public affairs of effective reinforcement depth from different angles
Formula, some scholars establish indoor model test of the empirical equation as utilized gravelly soil according to indoor model test, pass through dry sand mould
Type is tested, and by the centrifugal model test of strong rammer, by the contrast of Indoor Impaction Test and strong rammer scene tamping energy, is each obtained
Depth of Dynamic Consolidation is gone out with the relational expression between soil parameter and construction parameter.
After the means such as strong rammer effective reinforcing depth is examined often through heavy dynamic penetration, static sounding inspection carry out scene examination rammer
It is determined that.Also someone analyzes the uniformity of strong rammer groundwork by using the R wave layering velocity of wave after strong rammer, by before rammer, after rammer
Dispersion of Rayleigh wave curvilinear characteristic analyzes the effective reinforcement depth of foundation dynamic compaction.
It in summary it can be seen, strong rammer effective reinforcement depth is strong punning design key parameter, to strong rammer effective reinforcement depth
It is determined that mainly by means such as theory, experience, experiment, on-the-spot test, because the factor for influenceing strong rammer effective reinforcement depth is a lot, deposit
Varied in the soil body of the non-linear of height, while strong rammer, by theoretical formula method, often parameters of formula be difficult to it is accurate really
Fixed, scene is taken by device or instrument actual measurement, laborious cost input is higher.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of simple to operate, raising detection effective reinforcement depth accuracy
Determination strong rammer effective reinforcement depth method.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is：The method for determining strong rammer effective reinforcement depth, bag
Include following steps：
(1) the compactness λ before embankment strong rammer is detected0, compactness λ after strong rammer1；
The forward and backward live embankment filled soil sample of strong rammer is gathered, and ensures to take the quantity of soil sample to meet the survey of quality of soil sample
Examination requires；
(2) the reinforcement elements body according to corresponding to being chosen strong rammer tamping point arrangement form；Count tamping point quantity in reinforcement elements body
N, and numbered to each tamping point；And measure accumulative ramming volume h when each tamping point only rams in reinforcement elements bodyi, i the i-th tamping points of expression；
Calculate the average value that each tamping point in reinforcement elements body stops accumulative ramming volume when ramming
(3) the area sum A ' of each tamping point in reinforcement elements bulk area A and reinforcement elements body is calculated；
(4) strong rammer effective reinforcement depth H is calculated；
In formula,
2nd, in step (2) according to strong rammer tamping point arrangement form choose corresponding to reinforcement elements body, in the following ways：
Tamping point arrangement form is square, quincunx, chooses square reinforcement elements body；Tamping point arrangement form is positive triangle
Shape, choose equilateral triangle reinforcement elements body.
3rd, calculate reinforcement elements bulk area A when reinforcement elements body is square in step (3) and each tamping point is being reinforced
Area A in cell cubei, in the following ways：
A=L when reinforcement elements body is square2, L is the cell cube length of side；
When hammer ram is circular, hammer ram rams area in cell cube at each tamping point：Ai=αi×AI hammer rams；
In formula, i is i-th of tamping point, AI hammer ramsTo ram the area in face, α on the i-th tamping point hammer ramiFor the i-th tamping point conversion factor；
Tamping point is located at α on square angle pointi=1/4；Tamping point is located at square sideline αi=1/2；Tamping point is located at square interior αi=1；
The area sum A ' of each tamping point is in reinforcement elements body：
The face of reinforcement elements bulk area A and each tamping point in reinforcement elements body is calculated when reinforcement elements body is equilateral triangle
Product Ai, in the following ways：
When reinforcement elements body is that positive triangle is squareL is the cell cube length of side；
When hammer ram is circular, hammer ram rams area in cell cube at each tamping point：Ai=αi×AI hammer rams；
In formula, i is i-th of tamping point, AI hammer ramsTo ram the area in face, α on the i-th tamping point hammer ramiFor the i-th tamping point conversion factor；
Tamping point is located at α on equilateral triangle angle pointi=1/6；Tamping point is located at equilateral triangle sideline αi=1/2；Tamping point is located inside equilateral triangle
αi=1；The area sum A ' of each tamping point is in reinforcement elements body：
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The method of the present invention for determining strong rammer effective reinforcement depth, has following excellent
Point：
First, situation of change of this method based on compactness before and after embankment strong rammer, strong rammer effective reinforcement depth is calculated, it is only necessary to
Tamping pit after strong rammer is measured simultaneously and stops settling amount when ramming, and simple to operate, efficiency high, cost are cheap.
2nd, this method is not limited using the forced ramming reinforcing cell cube chosen as research object by tamping point arrangement form, square
Shape, equilateral triangle, quincunx etc. only need to select corresponding reinforcement elements body to calculate, and reinforcement elements selection area is bigger
Relative efficacy is better.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the distribution mode of tamping point and numbering schematic diagram in reinforcement elements body in the embodiment of the present invention；
Embodiment
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The method of the present invention for determining strong rammer effective reinforcement depth comprises the following steps：
(1) the compactness λ before embankment strong rammer is detected0, compactness λ after strong rammer1；
The forward and backward live embankment filled soil sample of strong rammer is gathered, and ensures to take the quantity of soil sample to meet the survey of quality of soil sample
Examination requires；
(2) the reinforcement elements body according to corresponding to being chosen strong rammer tamping point arrangement form；Count tamping point quantity in reinforcement elements body
N, and numbered to each tamping point；And measure accumulative ramming volume h when each tamping point only rams in reinforcement elements bodyi, i the i-th tamping points of expression；
Calculate the average value that each tamping point in reinforcement elements body stops accumulative ramming volume when ramming
(3) the area sum A ' of each tamping point in reinforcement elements bulk area A and reinforcement elements body is calculated；
(4) strong rammer effective reinforcement depth H is calculated；
In formula,
2nd, in step (2) according to strong rammer tamping point arrangement form choose corresponding to reinforcement elements body, in the following ways：
Tamping point arrangement form is square, quincunx, chooses square reinforcement elements body；Tamping point arrangement form is positive triangle
Shape, choose equilateral triangle reinforcement elements body.
3rd, calculate reinforcement elements bulk area A when reinforcement elements body is square in step (3) and each tamping point is being reinforced
Area A in cell cubei, in the following ways：
A=L when reinforcement elements body is square2, L is the cell cube length of side；
When hammer ram is circular, hammer ram rams area in cell cube at each tamping point：Ai=αi×AI hammer rams；
In formula, i is i-th of tamping point, AI hammer ramsTo ram the area in face, α on the i-th tamping point hammer ramiFor the i-th tamping point conversion factor；
Tamping point is located at α on square angle pointi=1/4；Tamping point is located at square sideline αi=1/2；Tamping point is located at square interior αi=1；
The area sum A ' of each tamping point is in reinforcement elements body：
The face of reinforcement elements bulk area A and each tamping point in reinforcement elements body is calculated when reinforcement elements body is equilateral triangle
Product Ai, in the following ways：
When reinforcement elements body is that positive triangle is squareL is the cell cube length of side；
When hammer ram is circular, hammer ram rams area in cell cube at each tamping point：Ai=αi×AI hammer rams；
In formula, i is i-th of tamping point, AI hammer ramsTo ram the area in face, α on the i-th tamping point hammer ramiFor the i-th tamping point conversion factor；
Tamping point is located at α on equilateral triangle angle pointi=1/6；Tamping point is located at equilateral triangle sideline αi=1/2；Tamping point is located inside equilateral triangle
αi=1；The area sum A ' of each tamping point is in reinforcement elements body：
The forward and backward embankment filled soil sample of live strong rammer is taken in step (1), detects the compactness λ before strong rammer respectively0And
Compactness λ after furnace roof strong rammer1；Ensure to take the quantity of soil sample to meet the test request of quality of soil sample simultaneously.The soil sample
Quantity meets that the test request of quality of soil sample refers to take enough soil samples at the scene to meet the quality of soil sample of test request.
Compactness λ wherein before strong rammer0=ρd/ρdmax；ρdmaxFor the maximum dry density banketed, ρdIt is dry for what is banketed before strong rammer
Density pd；Compactness λ after strong rammer1=ρd/ρdmax；ρdmaxFor the maximum dry density banketed, ρd' dry close to be banketed after strong rammer
Spend ρd′.The compactness ρ to be banketed after strong rammer is detectedd' during, each unit in charge of construction can enter according to the inspection method of oneself
Row detection, obtains the compactness ρ to be banketed after strong rammerd' numerical value.
In step (2) according to strong rammer tamping point arrangement form choose corresponding to reinforcement elements body；Count in reinforcement elements body
Tamping point quantity n, and numbered to each tamping point；And measure accumulative ramming volume h when each tamping point only rams in reinforcement elements bodyi, i expressions
I-th tamping point；Calculate the average value that each tamping point in reinforcement elements body stops accumulative ramming volume when ramming
By the reinforcement elements body according to corresponding to the selection of strong rammer tamping point arrangement form, so that measurement includes all rammers
Point.Simultaneously and tamping point quantity n in reinforcement elements body is counted, and numbered to each tamping point；Each rammed in measurement reinforcement elements body
The accumulative ramming volume h of pointi, i represents the i-th tamping point to ram order, by the numbering to tamping point, consequently facilitating subsequently according to rammer
Proceeding measurement calculating is hit, ensures the accuracy of measurement result.Accumulative ramming volume calculates average when then only being rammed according to each tamping point
Value
The area sum A ' of each tamping point in reinforcement elements bulk area A and reinforcement elements body is calculated in step (3)；
The area sum A ' of each tamping point is by calculating each tamping point hammer ram ramming in reinforcement elements body in reinforcement elements body
Area Ai；Then all tamping points in machining cell body are rammed into area AiAdded up to obtain, i.e.,
The data obtained in step (4) by step (1) into step (3) bring below equation into, and it is effective to calculate strong rammer
Reinforcement depth H；
In formula,So as to obtain equivalent reinforcement depth.
Because the gross mass for the sample that banketed before and after strong rammer is constant, the tamping pit soil body that strong rammer post-reinforcing cell cube is shared all squeezes
It is close to enter equivalent reinforcing area in reinforcement elements body, influence of the strong rammer to other region soil bodys in the range of crater depth is not considered,
Therefore：
That is,
In above formula
In summary, the method for the present invention for determining strong rammer effective reinforcement depth, takes the sample that bankets, so by scene
The compactness change tested afterwards before and after strong rammer, forced ramming reinforcing cell cube is chosen, is respectively rammed in reinforcement elements body when measurement strong rammer is only rammed
The accumulative ramming volume of point, so as to propose a kind of method for determining strong rammer effective reinforcement depth, there is an advantage in that：
First, situation of change of this method based on compactness before and after embankment strong rammer, strong rammer effective reinforcement depth is calculated, it is only necessary to
Tamping pit after strong rammer is measured simultaneously and stops settling amount when ramming, and simple to operate, efficiency high, cost are cheap.
2nd, this method is not limited using the forced ramming reinforcing cell cube chosen as research object by tamping point arrangement form, square
Shape, equilateral triangle, quincunx etc. only need to select corresponding reinforcement elements body to calculate, and reinforcement elements selection area is bigger
Relative efficacy is better.
In step 2) according to strong rammer tamping point arrangement form choose corresponding to reinforcement elements body, various ways can be used,
According to the difference of construction reference, different implementation personnel can be chosen according to their needs.It can specifically use following
Mode is carried out：
Tamping point arrangement form is square, quincunx, chooses square reinforcement elements body；Tamping point arrangement form is positive triangle
Shape, choose equilateral triangle reinforcement elements body.
Tamping point arrangement form is square, quincunx, chooses square reinforcement elements body；Tamping point arrangement form is positive triangle
Shape, choose equilateral triangle reinforcement elements body.So as to while ensureing that reinforcement elements body includes all tamping points, be easy to calculate.
Reinforcement elements bulk area A is calculated in step (3) and each tamping point hammer ram rams area in reinforcement elements body
Ai；Because the selection of the reinforcement elements body in step (2) is different, therefore calculation is also different.Specifically, in step (3)
The area A of reinforcement elements bulk area A and each tamping point in reinforcement elements body is calculated when reinforcement elements body is squarei, use
In the following manner：
A=L when reinforcement elements body is square2, L is the cell cube length of side；
When hammer ram is circular, hammer ram rams area in cell cube at each tamping point：
Ai=αi×AI hammer rams
In formula, i is i-th of tamping point, AI hammer ramsTo ram the area in face, α on the i-th tamping point hammer ramiFor the i-th tamping point conversion factor；
Tamping point is located at α on square angle pointi=1/4；Tamping point is located at square sideline αi=1/2；Tamping point is located at square interior αi=1；
The area sum A ' of each tamping point is in reinforcement elements body：
The face of reinforcement elements bulk area A and each tamping point in reinforcement elements body is calculated when reinforcement elements body is equilateral triangle
Product Ai, in the following ways：
When reinforcement elements body is that positive triangle is squareL is the cell cube length of side；
When hammer ram is circular, hammer ram rams area in cell cube at each tamping point：
Ai=αi×AI hammer rams
In formula, i is i-th of tamping point, AI hammer ramsTo ram the area in face, α on the i-th tamping point hammer ramiFor the i-th tamping point conversion factor；
Tamping point is located at α on equilateral triangle angle pointi=1/6；Tamping point is located at equilateral triangle sideline αi=1/2；Tamping point is located inside equilateral triangle
αi=1；The area sum A ' of each tamping point is in reinforcement elements body：
When the section of cell cube is other shapes, during such as rectangle or parallelogram, due to can be by its cell cube point
It is divided into multiple squares and equilateral triangle；So as to according to the calculation for calculating rectangular element body and equilateral triangle cell cube
Calculate in reinforcement elements bulk area A and cell cube that hammer ram rams area A in cell cube at each tamping pointi.Cell cube is cut
The selection of face shape and the calculating of area can be determined according to the specific requirement of unit in charge of construction.
Embodiment
Illustrate the determination process of compactness with reference to the high embankment strong rammer work point of certain municipal works.
As shown in figure 1, the high 20m of the high embankment of certain municipal works, it is 10m that thickness is reinforced in point 2 layers of every layer of reinforcing, and embankment strong rammer is mended
Compactness 88% before strong.For the tamping energy that strong rammer reinforcement uses for 6000KNm, hammer ram diameter is 2.5m.
The compactness of sample of banketing after forced ramming reinforcing is measured in accordance with the following steps：
1st, the forward and backward embankment filled soil sample of live strong rammer is taken, detects the maximum dry density ρ to banketdmaxAnd before strong rammer
Dry density of banketing ρd, obtain the compactness λ before strong rammer0=ρd/ρdmax；The dry density ρ after strong rammer of banketing is detected simultaneouslyd' to strong
Compactness λ after rammer1=ρd′/ρdmax.Compactness λ before embankment strong rammer0For 0.88, the compactness λ after embankment strong rammer1For 0.94.
2nd, as shown in figure 1, tamping point arrangement form is square, tamping point spacing 4m, described tamping point spacing is rammed each time for point
After being fully completed, the tamping point distance that is finally formed in roadbed plane.Rammed using 3 times, tamping point arranged for interval, first pass tamping point
Using 8m × 8m pitch squares, second time tamping point is reinforced among 8m × 8m squares a bit, and the 3rd time tamping point reinforces 8m spacing
A bit, each time ramming times are 8 times, as shown in Figure 1 for centre.
Reinforcement elements body is chosen as shown in Figure 1, and dash area is the machining cell body chosen in Fig. 1, counts reinforcement elements
Internal tamping point quantity n, and numbered to each tamping point；As shown in figure 1, tamping point numbering is:a1、a2、a3、a4、a5、a6、a7、a8、a9；
Measure each tamping point in reinforcement elements body and add up ramming volume hi, unit m, i represent the i-th tamping point to ram order；Then root
According to formulaCalculate average ramming volume
Each tamping point adds up ramming volume and average ramming volume such as following table institute in the cell cube tested during the forced ramming reinforcing
Row：
3rd, calculate reinforcement elements bulk area A and each tamping point hammer ram rams area A in reinforcement elements bodyi；
Because reinforcement elements body selects square；Therefore reinforcement elements bulk area A=L2=82=64m2；
Each tamping point hammer ram rams area A in reinforcement elements bodyi, A1=A3=A7=A9=α1×AHammer ram, A2=A4=A6
=A8=α2×AHammer ram, A5=α5×AHammer ram；Because reinforcement elements body is square, tamping point is located at α=1/4 on square angle point；Ram
Point is located at square sideline α=1/2；Tamping point is located at square interior α=1；Therefore
The area sum A ' of each tamping point is in reinforcement elements body：
A '=A1+A2+A3+A4+A5+A6+A7+A8+A9=19.63m2。
4th, strong rammer effective reinforcement depth H is calculated
It is described above simply to explain through diagrams present invention determine that the principle and operating procedure of strong rammer effective reinforcement depth method,
Any formal limitation not is done to the present invention, any person skilled in the art, is not departing from the technology of the present invention side
In the range of case, when the technology contents using the disclosure above make a little change or are modified to the equivalence enforcement of equivalent variations
Example, as long as being the content without departing from technical solution of the present invention, what the technical spirit according to the present invention was made to above example appoints
What simple modification, equivalent change and modification, still fall within the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. determine the method for strong rammer effective reinforcement depth, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) the compactness λ before embankment strong rammer is detected0, compactness λ after strong rammer1；
The forward and backward live embankment filled soil sample of strong rammer is gathered, and ensures to take the quantity of soil sample to meet that the test of quality of soil sample will
Ask；
(2) the reinforcement elements body according to corresponding to being chosen strong rammer tamping point arrangement form；Tamping point quantity n in reinforcement elements body is counted, and
Numbered to each tamping point；And measure accumulative ramming volume h when each tamping point only rams in reinforcement elements bodyi, i the i-th tamping points of expression；Calculate
Each tamping point stops the average value of accumulative ramming volume when ramming in reinforcement elements body
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(3) the area sum A ' of each tamping point in reinforcement elements bulk area A and reinforcement elements body is calculated；
(4) strong rammer effective reinforcement depth H is calculated；
In formula,
2. the method for strong rammer effective reinforcement depth is determined as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The basis in step (2)
Reinforcement elements body corresponding to the selection of strong rammer tamping point arrangement form, in the following ways：
Tamping point arrangement form is square, quincunx, chooses square reinforcement elements body；Tamping point arrangement form is equilateral triangle,
Choose equilateral triangle reinforcement elements body.
3. the method for strong rammer effective reinforcement depth is determined as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：Reinforced in step (3)
The area A of reinforcement elements bulk area A and each tamping point in reinforcement elements body is calculated when cell cube is squarei, use is following
Mode：
A=L when reinforcement elements body is square2, L is the cell cube length of side；
When hammer ram is circular, hammer ram rams area in cell cube at each tamping point：Ai=αi×AI hammer rams；
In formula, i is i-th of tamping point, AI hammer ramsTo ram the area in face, α on the i-th tamping point hammer ramiFor the i-th tamping point conversion factor；Tamping point
The α on square angle pointi=1/4；Tamping point is located at square sideline αi=1/2；Tamping point is located at square interior αi=1；
The area sum A ' of each tamping point is in reinforcement elements body：
The area A of reinforcement elements bulk area A and each tamping point in reinforcement elements body is calculated when reinforcement elements body is equilateral trianglei,
In the following ways：
When reinforcement elements body is that positive triangle is squareL is the cell cube length of side；
When hammer ram is circular, hammer ram rams area in cell cube at each tamping point：Ai=αi×AI hammer rams；
In formula, i is i-th of tamping point, AI hammer ramsTo ram the area in face, α on the i-th tamping point hammer ramiFor the i-th tamping point conversion factor；Tamping point
The α on equilateral triangle angle pointi=1/6；Tamping point is located at equilateral triangle sideline αi=1/2；Tamping point is located at α inside equilateral trianglei=
1；The area sum A ' of each tamping point is in reinforcement elements body：
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1
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| CN107386261B (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2019-03-19 | 中国十九冶集团有限公司 | High embankment heavy tamping treatment design method |
| CN108517855A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-09-11 | 长沙学院 | A kind of scene strong rammer combines the pilot system and method for punishment ground with prestrain reinforcement |
| CN110344387B (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2020-12-01 | 中冶沈勘工程技术有限公司 | Effective reinforcement depth design method for reinforcing saturated sandy soil foundation by dynamic compaction method |
| CN112832226B (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2022-02-18 | 长沙理工大学 | Method and device for determining evaluation index of effective reinforcement range |
| CN113235552B (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2022-06-17 | 中交基础设施养护集团有限公司 | Method for filling roadbed by using large-diameter broken stone through dynamic compaction |
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