CN105926079A - Polypropylene film splitting fibers and preparation method thereof as well as air filtering material prepared from polypropylene film splitting fibers - Google Patents
Polypropylene film splitting fibers and preparation method thereof as well as air filtering material prepared from polypropylene film splitting fibers Download PDFInfo
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- CN105926079A CN105926079A CN201610466043.8A CN201610466043A CN105926079A CN 105926079 A CN105926079 A CN 105926079A CN 201610466043 A CN201610466043 A CN 201610466043A CN 105926079 A CN105926079 A CN 105926079A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/06—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyolefin as constituent
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D1/00—Treatment of filament-forming or like material
- D01D1/04—Melting filament-forming substances
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/42—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like by cutting films into narrow ribbons or filaments or by fibrillation of films or filaments
- D01D5/426—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like by cutting films into narrow ribbons or filaments or by fibrillation of films or filaments by cutting films
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
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Abstract
The invention discloses polypropylene film splitting fibers and a preparation method thereof. The polypropylene film splitting fibers are mainly prepared from raw materials including PP (Polypropylene) granular materials, POE (Polyolefin Elastomer) granular materials, a compatibilizer, modified nano powder, an antioxidant, a light stabilizer and the like. The polypropylene film splitting fibers are prepared through processes: grafting the modified nano powder on the surface of a hyperbranched polymer; then, sequentially preparing a thin film master batch and a modified thin film material; then, coextruding double layers or three layers of thin film materials to form a composite thin film; carrying out multi-roller stretching, heating by an infrared drying oven, mechanically splitting films and splitting fibers, carrying out heat setting and the like; the prepared film splitting fibers have higher fibrillation degree, breaking strength and initial modulus and have a large-pore-diameter and multi-channel fluffy structure. The polypropylene film splitting fibers disclosed by the invention can be used as a matrix material for preparing an air filtering material and the high efficiency and low resistance effects can be realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to thermoplastic polyolefin fibers field, be specifically related to a kind of high intensity, original fiber degree height and electrostatic can be carried out
Thermoplastic polypropylene film-fibre that electret processes and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The manufacturing process of fibrous nonwoven material is divided into and prepares fiber, becomes 6 mistakes such as net, bonding, thermal finalization, Final finishing and packaging
Journey, production technology include dry method, wet method, spin network method, needle point method, loop bonding method, spun-bond process, meltblown, film split method and electrostatic
Spin processes etc..Wherein, the non-woven material that dry process is produced is easily generated static charge buildup, the most alkaline-resisting；Wet processing water consumption
Amount is big, and kind transition probabilities is little；Spin the non-woven material that network method technique produced cannot degrade, easily to environment；
Its defect of the non-woven material that needle point method technique is produced is for lacking toughness, product easy fracture；The defect of seam knitting craft is former material
Material consumes big, and production cost is high；The product percentage elongation that spun-bond process produces is big, tensile strength is low, size is unstable, yielding；
Method of electrostatic spinning, either all there is production efficiency in solution Static Spinning or melt Static Spinning and productivity is relatively low, process conditions are difficult to
The problems such as control；Fibre web prepared by meltblown is piled up closely knit, though higher as filtering material filter efficiency, gas-flow resistance is relatively
Greatly.
Film split method prepare fiber be processing a kind of new technology of synthetic fibers, new technique, it be utilize thin film after super drawing,
Molecularly oriented balanced arrangement, axial strength raises, and the strength of broadwise is down to the limit, can be cleaved into the intrinsic characteristic of fiber voluntarily,
Polymer first melt extruding multiple tracks longitudinal direction hot-stretch and makes thin film, the most machined or chemical method processes the fiber prepared
A kind of method.This new technology have less demanding to raw material, density is light, hot strength is high, the technological process of production is brief,
Equipment investment is less, product specification in a certain degree adjustable, low cost and other advantages, be widely used in industrial circle, as
Manufacture carpet (face blanket and base fabric), rope, fishing net, thick sewing thread, bonded fabric, packaging bagging, furniture stuff, chinampa,
Dam, reinforcing material for building and Water filter material and air filting material etc..
Film splits fiber prepared by method and presents flat, and draw ratio is typically larger than 5:1, and fibre diameter presents normal distribution, has both contained big
The superfine fibre that amount original fiber degree is high, there is also " large-size fiber " of a small amount of certain diameter distribution.When being applied to air filtration
In material, the superfine fibre of its high original fiber degree can be as bulk filter fiber, and superfine fibre specific surface area is big, absorbability
By force, thicker fiber, as skeletal support fibre web, makes fibre web have certain thickness, forms large aperture and multichannel, and structure is fluffy
Pine, thus the characteristic of filtration resistance can be reduced while ensure that relatively filtration efficiency and dust containing capacity, if further to air mistake
Filtering material carries out the electret process that polarizes, it is possible to improves its filtering material further, has actual application value widely.
Owing to polypropylene material is high crystalline material, poor with its film toughness prepared, elongation at break is low, and tension failure is existing
As significantly, easily produce lousiness, fracture of wire when fibrillation, even can not fibrillation continuously, be difficult to prepare relatively thin thin film and ultra-fine
Fiber, it is therefore desirable to it is carried out toughening modifying, and promotes its fibrillation.Conventional toughening modifying method such as add inorganic particle,
Polyethylene or other polymer elastomers, these toughening modifying methods are difficult to improving fibre strength, toughness and processing technique bar
While part, improving the original fiber degree of polypropylene fibre, prepared film-fibre fibre net structure is closely knit, as air filtration
Material, gas-flow resistance is big, it is impossible to reach the effect of efficient low-resistance.Conventional film is split film-fibre prepared by method technique and be there is fiber and produce
The uniformity of product fineness and less stable, original fiber degree is relatively low, and fibrillation process is easily fluffed, ruptured and winding roller etc. simultaneously
Defect.Accordingly, it would be desirable to develop the polypropylene film-fibre that a kind of mechanical property is good and original fiber degree is high, as filtering material,
On the premise of ensureing high efficiency absorption, filtration resistance is preferably minimized.
Summary of the invention
The problem existed for existing polypropylene film-fibre and electret nonwoven air filting material thereof, the present invention provides a kind of
Original fiber degree is high, and intensity is higher, and has the polypropylene film-fibre of the multichannel fluff structure in large aperture and preparation method thereof,
And use it for preparing air filting material, reach the effect of efficient low-resistance.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
The preparation method of a kind of polypropylene film-fibre, comprises the following steps:
(1) dissaving polymer surface graft modification nano-powder；
(2) preparation of film master batch:
A layer film master batch: PP particulate material 100 parts, POE granule 25～75 parts, bulking agent 0.5～3.5 parts, modified Nano
Powder body 10～25 parts, antioxidant 0.5～1.5 parts, light stabilizer 0.15～0.5 part, by above-mentioned each composition low speed in high mixer
Be sufficiently mixed, then through double screw extruder fusion plastification, extrusion, water-cooled, air-dry, pelletizing, to be dried to obtain A layer film female
Grain；
B layer film master batch: POE particulate material 100 parts, modified nano powder 10～20 parts, antioxidant 0.2～1.0 parts, light are steady
Determine agent 0.05～0.5 part, above-mentioned each composition low speed in high mixer be sufficiently mixed, then through double screw extruder fusion plastification,
Extrusion, water-cooled, air-dry, pelletizing, be dried to obtain B layer film master batch；
(3) preparation of modified film material:
A layer modified film material: by PP particulate material 100 parts with A layer film master batch 20 parts at high mixer high speed mix homogeneously,
Standby；
B layer modified film material: by POE particulate material 100 parts with B layer film master batch 20 parts at high mixer high speed mix homogeneously,
Standby；
(4) preparation of film-fibre:
First by A layer modified film material and B layer modified film material fusion plastification in single screw extrusion machine respectively, lead to the most successively
Cross dosing pump, filter and melt distributor by two kinds of modified film material by certain mass than co-extrusion for laminated film, more successively
Through supercooling, cut into bar, multiple roll hot-stretch for the first time, infrared baking oven for heating, multiple roll hot-stretch for the second time, mechanical membrane split
Polypropylene film-fibre is made in fine, thermal finalization.
In described step (1) dissaving polymer include Hyperbranched Polyester Resin, ultrabranching polyamide resin, hyperbranched polyether or
Super branched polyurethane resin；Preferably Hyperbranched Polyester Resin.
During nano-powder includes nano titanium oxide, nano silicon and nano-tourmaline powder in described step (1) at least one
Kind；Preferably nano silicon, particle diameter is 20～30nm, and specific surface area is 220～400m2/g。
In described step (2) PP particulate material be melt index be 0.5～7.0g/10min, isotacticity more than 95% PP granule
Material；Preferred molten index is 3.0～5.0g/10min, and isotacticity is the PP particulate material of 96～98%.
In described step (2), POE particulate material includes ethylene and butylene copolymer or ethylene and octene copolymer, and ethylene contents is
10～30%, melt index is 0.5～8.0g/10min；Optimal ethylene and octene copolymer, ethylene contents is 10～20%, molten
Melting index is 4.0～6.0g/10min.
In described step (2) bulking agent include PP-g-GMA, PP-g-GMA/St, PP-g-MAH, POE-g-MAH,
POE-g-PMAH or POE-g-GMA；Preferably PP-g-GMA/St and PP-g-MAH.
During in described step (2), antioxidant includes Hinered phenols antioxidant, phosphite ester kind antioxidant or thio-based antioxidant extremely
Few one；Preferably Hinered phenols antioxidant is compounding with phosphite ester kind antioxidant or thio-based antioxidant uses.
In described step (2), light stabilizer includes hindered amine light stabilizer, benzophenone light stabilizer or benzotriazole light
At least one in stabilizer.
In described step (4), A layer modified film material is 70:30～90:10 with the mass ratio of B layer modified film material；Preferably 80:20～
85:15。
In described step (4), laminated film can be AB double membrane structure or BAB trilamellar membrane structure；Preferably BAB trilamellar membrane is tied
Structure.
In described step (4), laminated film thickness is 15～300 μm.
In described step (4), multiple roll hot-stretch temperature is 100～125 DEG C, and the linear velocity of first roller is 5～50m/min, draws
Stretching multiple is 1.5～8；Draw ratio is 4～6 preferably for the first time, and draw ratio is 1.5～3 for the second time.
In described step (4), the mechanical membrane fine pin density using porcupine roller that splits is 30～120 pins/cm, and porcupine roller linear velocity is first
10～20 times of individual roller linear velocity；Preferred pin density 60～80 pins/cm.
In described step (4), mechanical membrane splits, and fine to use all pins of porcupine roller be 50～85 ° with the angle of thin film traffic direction；Excellent
Select 60～70 °.
In described step (4), heat setting temperature is 90～125 DEG C；Preferably 105～115 DEG C.
The present invention also provides for the polypropylene film-fibre prepared by said method or includes electret prepared by this polypropylene film-fibre
Air filting material.
In the present invention, bulking agent PP-g-GMA represents glycidyl methacrylate graft polypropylene, and PP-g-GMA/St represents
Glycidyl methacrylate/styrene multi-monomer grafting polypropylene, PP-g-MAH represent maleic anhydride inoculated polypropylene,
POE-g-MAH represents that maleic anhydride stem grafting polyolefin elastomer, POE-g-PMAH represent polymaleic anhydride graft polyolefin bullet
Gonosome, POE-g-GMA represent glycidyl methacrylate graft polyolefin elastomer.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
The preparation process of polypropylene film-fibre of the present invention with the addition of modified nano powder and POE particulate material, through hyperbranched polymerization
The nano-powder of thing modification not only has preferable dispersibility and the compatibility in polypropylene base, moreover it is possible to increase-volume to a certain extent
PP and POE, thus improve the fracture strength of polypropylene fibre, elongation at break and initial modulus；Crystallinity in POE granule
Ethylene segment and polypropylene have the good compatibility, PP matrix is easy to get less Dispersed Phase Size and narrower particle diameter divides
Cloth, further increases intensity and the elongation at break of fiber, and promotes fiber fibrillation.Additionally, in preparation THIN COMPOSITE
During film, the POE base material of B layer film material occurred softening in the multiple roll hot-stretch stage, was easier to appearance after film splits fibre
Fibrillation phenomenon.Film-fibre fracture strength height, elongation at break and original fiber degree prepared by the present invention are big, film-fibre
In do not contain only the superfine fibre that original fiber degree is the highest, possibly together with the big fiber that diameter Distribution is wider, thicker fiber can be made
Support fibre web for fibrous skeleton, it is ensured that fibre web has certain thickness and intensity, form large aperture, multichannel fluff structure, use
When it prepares air filting material, while improving filter efficiency, do not reduce breathability, thus reached the effect of efficient low-resistance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the SEM figure of embodiment 5
Fig. 2 is the SEM figure of regular air filtering material
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Prepare the present embodiment polypropylene film-fibre according to the following steps:
(1) with super branched polyurethane surface modification of resin nano silica powder, modified manometer silicon dioxide is obtained；
(2) preparation of film master batch:
A layer film master batch: PP particulate material 100 parts, POE granule 25 parts, bulking agent PP-g-MAH 0.5 part, modification are received
Rice silica 10 part, antioxidant 1010 0.4 part, irgasfos 168 0.1 part, light stabilizer GW-540 0.15 part, by upper
State each composition low speed in high mixer to be sufficiently mixed, then through double screw extruder fusion plastification, extrusion, water-cooled, air-dry, cut
Grain, be dried to obtain A layer film master batch；
B layer film master batch: POE particulate material 100 parts, modified manometer silicon dioxide 10 parts, anti-oxidant Irganox 1,010 0.2
Part, light stabilizer GW-540 0.05 part, be sufficiently mixed above-mentioned each composition low speed in high mixer, then squeezes through twin screw
Go out machine fusion plastification, extrusion, water-cooled, air-dry, pelletizing, be dried to obtain B layer film master batch；
(3) preparation of modified film material:
A layer modified film material: by PP particulate material 100 parts with A layer film master batch 20 parts at high mixer high speed mix homogeneously,
Standby；
B layer modified film material: by POE particulate material 100 parts with B layer film master batch 20 parts at high mixer high speed mix homogeneously,
Standby；
(4) preparation of film-fibre:
A) first by A layer modified film material and B layer modified film material fusion plastification in single screw extrusion machine respectively, the most successively
By dosing pump, filter and melt distributor, two kinds of modified film material 70:30 in mass ratio are prepared as thickness through coextrusion casting
It is the AB double-layer compound film of 300 μm, then sequentially passes through cooling, cut into bar；
B) by the thin film of above-mentioned cutting in the roller hot-stretch that temperature is 100 DEG C, the linear velocity of first roller is 5m/min, stretching
Multiple is 8 times, then through infrared baking oven for heating, then carries out second time multiple roll hot-stretch, draw ratio at temperature is 100 DEG C
It it is 2 times；
C) being 30 pins/cm by the thin film after above-mentioned stretching through pin density, linear velocity is that the porcupine roller of first roller linear velocity 20 times enters
Row mechanical membrane splits fibre, and pin is 50 ° with the angle of thin film traffic direction, and then at 90 DEG C, thermal finalization is made polypropylene screen and split fibre
Dimension.
Embodiment 2
(1) with hyperbranched polyether surface modification of resin nano titanium oxide and nano-tourmaline powder body, modified nano-silica is obtained
Titanium and nano-tourmaline；
(2) preparation of film master batch:
A layer film master batch: PP particulate material 100 parts, POE granule 45 parts, bulking agent POE-g-MAH 1.5 parts, modification are received
Rice titanium dioxide 10 parts, modified Nano tourmaline powder 10 parts, antioxidant 1076 0.8 part, 1,035 0.2 parts of antioxidant, light are steady
Determine agent 770 0.3 parts, above-mentioned each composition low speed in high mixer be sufficiently mixed, then through double screw extruder fusion plastification, squeeze
Go out, water-cooled, air-dry, pelletizing, be dried to obtain A layer film master batch；
B layer film master batch: POE particulate material 100 parts, modified nano-titanium dioxide 10 parts, antioxidant 1076 0.4 part, light are steady
Determine agent 770 0.4 parts, above-mentioned each composition low speed in high mixer be sufficiently mixed, then through double screw extruder fusion plastification, squeeze
Go out, water-cooled, air-dry, pelletizing, be dried to obtain B layer film master batch；
(3) preparation of modified film material:
A layer modified film material: by PP particulate material 100 parts with A layer film master batch 20 parts at high mixer high speed mix homogeneously,
Standby；
B layer modified film material: by POE particulate material 100 parts with B layer film master batch 20 parts at high mixer high speed mix homogeneously,
Standby；
(4) preparation of film-fibre:
A) first by A layer modified film material and B layer modified film material fusion plastification in single screw extrusion machine respectively, the most successively
By dosing pump, filter and melt distributor, through co-extrusion, two kinds of modified film material 90:10 in mass ratio being prepared as thickness is
The AB double-layer compound film of 150 μm, then sequentially pass through cooling, cut into bar；
B) by the multiple roll hot-stretch at temperature is 110 DEG C of the thin film of above-mentioned cutting, the linear velocity of first roller is 35m/min,
Draw ratio is 6 times, then through infrared baking oven for heating, then carries out second time multiple roll hot-stretch, stretching at temperature is 100 DEG C
Multiple is 1.5 times；
C) being 120 pins/cm by the thin film after above-mentioned stretching through pin density, linear velocity is the porcupine roller of first roller linear velocity 10 times
Carrying out mechanical membrane to split fibre, pin is 85 ° with the angle of thin film traffic direction, and then at 100 DEG C, polypropylene screen is made in thermal finalization
Split fiber.
Embodiment 3
(1) with ultrabranching polyamide surface modification of resin nano titanium oxide and nano silicon, modified nano-silica is obtained
Titanium and nano silicon；
(2) preparation of film master batch:
A layer film master batch: PP particulate material 100 parts, POE granule 75 parts, bulking agent PP-g-GMA 3.5 parts, modification are received
Rice titanium dioxide 5 parts, modified manometer silicon dioxide 10 parts, antioxidant 2246 1.2 parts, 626 0.3 parts of antioxidant, light are stable
Agent 944 0.5 parts, is sufficiently mixed above-mentioned each composition low speed in high mixer, then through double screw extruder fusion plastification, extrusion,
Water-cooled, air-dry, pelletizing, be dried to obtain A layer film master batch；
B layer film master batch: POE particulate material 100 parts, modified nano-titanium dioxide 5 parts, modified manometer silicon dioxide 10 parts,
Antioxidant 2246 0.8 part, 626 0.2 parts of antioxidant, light stabilizer UV-360 0.05 part, by above-mentioned each composition in high mixer
Low speed is sufficiently mixed, then through double screw extruder fusion plastification, extrusion, water-cooled, air-dry, pelletizing, to be dried to obtain B layer thin
Film master batch；
(3) preparation of modified film material:
A layer modified film material: by PP particulate material 100 parts with A layer film master batch 20 parts at high mixer high speed mix homogeneously,
Standby；
B layer modified film material: by POE particulate material 100 parts with B layer film master batch 20 parts at high mixer high speed mix homogeneously,
Standby；
(4) preparation of film-fibre:
A) first by A layer modified film material and B layer modified film material fusion plastification in single screw extrusion machine respectively, the most successively
By dosing pump, filter and melt distributor, two kinds of modified film material 85:15 in mass ratio are prepared as thickness through coextrusion casting
It is tri-layers of laminated film of BAB of 30 μm, then sequentially passes through cooling, cut into bar；
B) by the multiple roll hot-stretch at temperature is 120 DEG C of the thin film of above-mentioned cutting, the linear velocity of first roller is 50m/min,
Draw ratio is 4 times, then through infrared baking oven for heating, then carries out second time multiple roll hot-stretch, stretching at temperature is 120 DEG C
Multiple is 3 times；
C) being 60 pins/cm by the thin film after above-mentioned stretching through pin density, linear velocity is that the porcupine roller of first roller linear velocity 16 times enters
Row mechanical membrane splits fibre, and pin is 65 ° with the angle of thin film traffic direction, and then at 125 DEG C, thermal finalization is made polypropylene screen and split
Fiber.
Embodiment 4
(1) with Hyperbranched Polyester Resin surface modified nano silicon and nano-tourmaline powder body, modified Nano tourmaline is obtained
Powder body and nano-tourmaline powder body；
(2) preparation of film master batch:
A layer film master batch: PP particulate material 100 parts, POE granule 50 parts, bulking agent POE-g-GMA 2.0 parts, modification are received
Rice silica 10 part, modified Nano tourmaline powder 8 parts, antioxidant 300 0.7 part, antioxidant 300 0.2 part, antioxidant
641 0.1 parts, light stabilizer 622 0.4 parts, be sufficiently mixed above-mentioned each composition low speed in high mixer, then squeezes through twin screw
Go out machine fusion plastification, extrusion, water-cooled, air-dry, pelletizing, be dried to obtain A layer film master batch；
B layer film master batch: POE particulate material 100 parts, modified manometer silicon dioxide 15 parts, modified Nano tourmaline powder 5
Part, antioxidant 300 0.7 part, 641 0.1 parts of antioxidant, light stabilizer 622 0.3 parts, by above-mentioned each composition in high mixer low
Speed is sufficiently mixed, then through double screw extruder fusion plastification, extrusion, water-cooled, air-dry, pelletizing, be dried to obtain B layer film
Master batch；
(3) preparation of modified film material:
A layer modified film material: by PP particulate material 100 parts with A layer film master batch 20 parts at high mixer high speed mix homogeneously,
Standby；
B layer modified film material: by POE particulate material 100 parts with B layer film master batch 20 parts at high mixer high speed mix homogeneously,
Standby；
(4) preparation of film-fibre:
A) first by A layer modified film material and B layer modified film material fusion plastification in single screw extrusion machine respectively, the most successively
By dosing pump, filter and melt distributor, two kinds of modified film material 85:15 in mass ratio are prepared as thickness through coextrusion blow
It is the AB double-layer compound film of 15 μm, then sequentially passes through cooling, cut into bar；
B) by the multiple roll hot-stretch at temperature is 125 DEG C of the thin film of above-mentioned cutting, the linear velocity of first roller is 10m/min,
Draw ratio is 1.2 times, then through infrared baking oven for heating, then carries out second time multiple roll hot-stretch, stretching at temperature is 125 DEG C
Multiple is 8 times；
C) being 75 pins/cm by the thin film after above-mentioned stretching through pin density, linear velocity is that the porcupine roller of first roller linear velocity 13 times enters
Row mechanical membrane splits fibre, and pin is 75 ° with the angle of thin film traffic direction, and then at 110 DEG C, thermal finalization is made polypropylene screen and split
Fiber.
Embodiment 5
(1) with Hyperbranched Polyester Resin surface modified nano silicon powder body, modified manometer silicon dioxide powder body is obtained；
(2) preparation of film master batch:
A layer film master batch: PP particulate material 100 parts, POE granule 60 parts, bulking agent PP-g-GMA/St 2.0 parts, modification
Nano silicon 15 parts, 1,065 1.0 parts of antioxidant, light stabilizer UV-5411 0.4 part, by above-mentioned each composition at high mixer
Middle low speed is sufficiently mixed, then through double screw extruder fusion plastification, extrusion, water-cooled, air-dry, pelletizing, be dried to obtain A layer
Film master batch；
B layer film master batch: POE particulate material 100 parts, modified manometer silicon dioxide 10 parts, 1,065 0.8 parts of antioxidant, light are steady
Determine agent 0.3 part, above-mentioned each composition low speed in high mixer be sufficiently mixed, then through double screw extruder fusion plastification, extrusion,
Water-cooled, air-dry, pelletizing, be dried to obtain B layer film master batch；
(3) preparation of modified film material:
A layer modified film material: by PP particulate material 100 parts with A layer film master batch 20 parts at high mixer high speed mix homogeneously,
Standby；
B layer modified film material: by POE particulate material 100 parts with B layer film master batch 20 parts at high mixer high speed mix homogeneously,
Standby；
(4) preparation of film-fibre:
A) first by A layer modified film material and B layer modified film material fusion plastification in single screw extrusion machine respectively, the most successively
By dosing pump, filter and melt distributor by two kinds of modified film material by B layer: A layer: the mass ratio of B layer is 10:80:
10 are prepared as, through coextrusion blow, tri-layers of laminated film of BAB that thickness is 20 μm, then sequentially pass through cooling, cut into bar；
B) by the multiple roll hot-stretch at temperature is 110 DEG C of the thin film of above-mentioned cutting, the linear velocity of first roller is 20m/min,
Draw ratio is 5 times, then through infrared baking oven for heating, then carries out second time multiple roll hot-stretch, stretching at temperature is 110 DEG C
Multiple is 2 times；
C) being 75 pins/cm by the thin film after above-mentioned stretching through pin density, linear velocity is that the porcupine roller of first roller linear velocity 16 times enters
Row mechanical membrane splits fibre, and pin is 70 ° with the angle of thin film traffic direction, and then at 110 DEG C, thermal finalization is made polypropylene screen and split
Fiber.
Comparative example 5 '
In this comparative example, nano-tourmaline powder body is not by hyperbranched modification, and other is prepared by step and the formula of embodiment 5
Polypropylene film-fibre.
Comparative example 5 "
This comparative example does not use POE toughening modifying, uses PE toughening modifying instead, is all made into by the POE in embodiment 5
PE, other prepares polypropylene film-fibre by step and the formula of embodiment 5.
Embodiment 6
(1) with Hyperbranched Polyester Resin surface modified nano silicon powder body, modified manometer silicon dioxide powder body is obtained；
(2) preparation of film master batch: PP particulate material 100 parts, POE granule 35 parts, bulking agent POE-g-PMAH 1.0 parts,
Modified manometer silicon dioxide 25 parts, 1,065 0.8 parts of antioxidant, light stabilizer UV-5411 0.2 part, exist above-mentioned each composition
In high mixer, low speed is sufficiently mixed, then through double screw extruder fusion plastification, extrusion, water-cooled, air-dry, pelletizing, be dried
To film master batch；
(3) preparation of modified film material: PP particulate material 100 parts and above-mentioned film master batch 20 parts are mixed in high mixer high speed
Uniformly, standby；
(4) preparation of film-fibre:
A) first by above-mentioned modified film material fusion plastification in single screw extrusion machine, dosing pump and filter are then passed sequentially through,
Modified film material extrusion blow is prepared as the thin film that thickness is 20 μm, then sequentially passes through cooling, cut into bar；
B) by the multiple roll hot-stretch at temperature is 110 DEG C of the thin film of above-mentioned cutting, the linear velocity of first roller is 40m/min,
Draw ratio is 5 times, then through infrared baking oven for heating, then carries out second time multiple roll hot-stretch, stretching at temperature is 110 DEG C
Multiple is 2 times；
C) being 75 pins/cm by the thin film after above-mentioned stretching through pin density, linear velocity is that the porcupine roller of first roller linear velocity 13 times enters
Row mechanical membrane splits fibre, and pin is 75 ° with the angle of thin film traffic direction, and then at 110 DEG C, thermal finalization is made polypropylene screen and split
Fiber.
Comparative example 6 '
This comparative example preparation method with embodiment 6, wherein film master batch prepare without POE in formula, other formula with
Embodiment 6.
In the various embodiments described above, grafted by super branched polymer modified nano powder method is: first pass through KH-550 or ethylenediamine
Nano-powder introduces activity hydroxy or amino, as reaction core, reacts with monomer molecule, between monomer molecule also
Additive reaction can occur, obtain the nano-powder that grafted by super branched polymer is modified.Its method of modifying is with reference to Wuhan Engineering Univ poplar
Bright Master's thesis " research of superfine silicon dioxide surface grafting dissaving polymer ".
The polypropylene film-fibre prepared in the various embodiments described above is softened by boundling, tension force controls, seal wire, steam, crimp,
Import disc type or guillotine type fibre cutting machine after thermal finalization to be cut into the film of designated length and split chopped fiber, chopped fiber through two pass shredding,
Combing, lapping, two pass acupuncture, thermal finalization, electret process and rolling are prepared as electret non-woven fabrics (grammes per square metre about 160g/m2),
Represent with 1,2,3,4,5,5-A, 5-B, 6 and 6-A respectively, and this electret non-woven fabrics be used in air filting material,
Then according to following method of testing test polypropylene film-fibre properties and the strainability of corresponding non-woven fabrics, test result
Following Tables 1 and 2.
The method of testing of polypropylene film-fibre: (1) fracture strength, percentage elongation and initial modulus are with reference to " GB/T19975-2005
High-strength chemical-fibre filament draw method for testing performance " standard testing, wherein two chucks space for 250mm, and extension speed is
250mm/min, pre-tension is 5cN；(2) average diameter: use the automatic scanning method of optical microscope measure at random 1000～
2000 fibre diameters, then calculate meansigma methods；(3) fibrillation index is with reference to " the Lyocell fiber fibrillation journey of Yang Xuhong
Degree evaluation " in fibrillation index subjective estimate method be measured.
The method of testing of non-woven fabric air filtering material: (1) filter efficiency: according to " GB 2626-2006 protective respirator is certainly
Inhale filtering type against particle respirator " in the standard of Section 6.3 test；(2) gas-flow resistance: with reference to " GB 19083-2010
Medical protective mask technology requires " in the standard of Section 5.4 test, wherein select the NaCl granule of 0.3 μm, gas
Flow is 30L/min, and test environment humiture respectively may be about 23 DEG C and 30%；(3) breathability: " spin with reference to 5453-1997
The test of textile fabric breathability " testing air permeable amount, selection of differential pressure 100Pa.
The performance parameter of table 1 polypropylene film-fibre
The performance parameter of table 2 air filting material
| Product | Filter efficiency/% | Resistance/Pa | Air permenbility/(L/m2·s) |
| 1 | 87.1 | 25.8 | 2204 |
| 2 | 89.5 | 24.5 | 2210 |
| 3 | 95.1 | 13.9 | 2814 |
| 4 | 92.5 | 19.5 | 2450 |
| 5 | 96.2 | 15.2 | 2620 |
| 5-A | 86.5 | 25.5 | 2122 |
| 5-B | 88.3 | 23.2 | 2318 |
| 6 | 88.1 | 30.1 | 1854 |
| 6-A | 60.5 | 32.9 | 1762 |
Data from table 1 are it can be seen that nano-powder is modified without grafted by super branched polymer and employing PE toughening modifying
The prepared fracture strength of film-fibre, percentage elongation, initial modulus and fibrillation index are the least, such as comparative example 5 ',
This is because be substantially improved through dissaving polymer modified nano-powder dispersibility in polypropylene base and the compatibility,
And can also increase-volume PP and POE to a certain extent, improve fracture strength and the percentage elongation of fiber, and modified receiving
Rice flour body is under the drawing process of uniform temperature, it is possible to induction thin film and the raw melting recrystallization of fibrous inside β trichite, is converted into α
Crystalline substance, adds the initial modulus of fiber.Comparative example 5 " fracture strength, percentage elongation, initial modulus and fibrillation index
Significantly lower than the performance parameter of embodiment 5 film-fibre, and average diameter is relatively big, this is because crystalline ethylene in POE
Segment and PP have the good compatibility, and its apparent shear viscosity is close with PP to the dependency of temperature, has stronger shearing quick
Perception, be easy to get in PP matrix less Dispersed Phase Size and the distribution of narrower particle diameter, improves PP Yu POE co-mixing system
Intensity and elongation at break, and prepare ultrathin film, and then the thinner and higher film of original fiber degree can be prepared split fibre
Dimension, as it is shown in figure 1, film-fibre does not contain only the superfine fibre that original fiber degree is the highest, big fine possibly together be relatively large in diameter
Dimension.
Data from table 1 are it can also be seen that the film that complex thin film structure of the present invention is easier to prepare original fiber degree higher splits
Fiber, as being provided without the B layer film material prepared as base material by POE in embodiment 6, prepared film-fibre is single thin layer
Film, its original fiber degree is relatively low, and when in its preparation process without POE, such as comparative example 6 ', its fibril journey
Spend lower, this is because POE can not only Toughened PP, moreover it is possible to promote PP fiber fibrillation, additionally, on multiple roll hot-stretch rank
Section, softening occurs in POE component, and melting phenomenon does not occurs in PP component, is easier to fibrillation occur after film splits fibre.
Data from table 2 it can be seen that the air filting material prepared by the film-fibre of the present invention, its filter efficiency is higher,
Resistance is relatively low, Air permenbility is relatively big, this is because film-fibre of the present invention does not contain only the superfine fibre that original fiber degree is the highest, also
Containing the big fiber that diameter Distribution is wider, thicker fiber can support fibre web as fibrous skeleton, it is ensured that fibre web has certain thickness
Degree and intensity, form large aperture, multichannel fluff structure, thus ensure that on the premise of high efficiency filter, and filtration resistance is relatively
Low, and breathability is bigger.
Claims (16)
1. a preparation method for polypropylene film-fibre, comprises the following steps:
(1) dissaving polymer surface graft modification nano-powder is prepared；
(2) preparation of film master batch:
A layer film master batch: PP particulate material 100 parts, POE granule 25～75 parts, bulking agent 0.5～3.5 parts, modified nano powder 10～25 parts, antioxidant 0.5～1.5 parts, light stabilizer 0.15～0.5 part, above-mentioned each composition low speed in high mixer is sufficiently mixed, then obtains A layer film master batch through double screw extruder fusion plastification, extrusion, pelletize；
B layer film master batch: POE particulate material 100 parts, modified nano powder 10～20 parts, antioxidant 0.2～1.0 parts, light stabilizer 0.05～0.5 part, above-mentioned each composition low speed in high mixer is sufficiently mixed, then obtains B layer film master batch through double screw extruder fusion plastification, extrusion, pelletize；
(3) preparation of modified film material:
A layer modified film material: by PP particulate material 100 parts and A layer film master batch 20 parts at high mixer high speed mix homogeneously, standby；
B layer modified film material: by POE particulate material 100 parts and B layer film master batch 20 parts at high mixer high speed mix homogeneously, standby；
(4) preparation of film-fibre:
First by A layer modified film material and B layer modified film material fusion plastification in single screw extrusion machine respectively, then pass sequentially through dosing pump, filter and melt distributor by two kinds of modified film material by certain mass than co-extrusion for laminated film, then sequentially pass through cooling, cut into bar, multiple roll hot-stretch for the first time, infrared baking oven for heating, multiple roll hot-stretch for the second time, mechanical membrane split fibre, polypropylene film-fibre is made in thermal finalization.
The preparation method of polypropylene film-fibre the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described dissaving polymer includes Hyperbranched Polyester Resin, ultrabranching polyamide resin, hyperbranched polyether or super branched polyurethane resin.
The preparation method of polypropylene film-fibre the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described dissaving polymer includes Hyperbranched Polyester Resin.
The preparation method of polypropylene film-fibre the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described nano-powder includes at least one in nano titanium oxide, nano silicon and nano-tourmaline powder.
The preparation method of polypropylene film-fibre the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described PP particulate material be melt index be 0.5～7.0g/10min, isotacticity more than 95% PP particulate material.
The preparation method of polypropylene film-fibre the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described POE particulate material includes ethylene and butylene copolymer or ethylene and octene copolymer, and ethylene contents is 10～30%, and melt index is 0.5～8.0g/10min.
The preparation method of polypropylene film-fibre the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described bulking agent includes PP-g-GMA, PP-g-GMA/St, PP-g-MAH, POE-g-MAH, POE-g-PMAH, POE-g-GMA.
The preparation method of polypropylene film-fibre the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described A layer modified film material is 70:30～90:10 with the mass ratio of B layer modified film material.
The preparation method of polypropylene film-fibre the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that described A layer modified film material is 80:20～85:15 with the mass ratio of B layer modified film material.
The preparation method of polypropylene film-fibre the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described laminated film can be AB double membrane structure or BAB trilamellar membrane structure.
The preparation method of 11. polypropylene film-fibres according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described multiple roll hot-stretch temperature is 100～125 DEG C, and the linear velocity of first roller is 5～50m/min, and draw ratio is 1.5～8.
The preparation method of 12. polypropylene film-fibres according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the described mechanical membrane fine pin density using porcupine roller that splits is 30～120 pins/cm.
The preparation method of 13. polypropylene film-fibres according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described mechanical membrane splits, and fine to use all pins of porcupine roller be 50～85 ° with the angle of thin film traffic direction.
The preparation method of 14. polypropylene film-fibres according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described heat setting temperature is 90～125 DEG C.
15. polypropylene film-fibres, it is characterised in that the polypropylene film-fibre prepared containing method according to any one of claim 1～14.
16. air filting materials, it is characterised in that containing the polypropylene film-fibre described in claim 15.
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| CN110565195A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2019-12-13 | 徐州和平化纤有限公司 | Polypropylene split film corrugated yarn and preparation method thereof |
| CN110684284A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-01-14 | 南通新帝克单丝科技股份有限公司 | High-strength polypropylene film yarn and preparation method thereof |
| CN110987635A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-04-10 | 河海大学 | Test device of soil core wall water conservancy splitting |
| CN112300486A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-02-02 | 浙江太湖远大新材料股份有限公司 | Low-odor high-fluidity polypropylene with long electret efficiency |
| CN113215674A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-08-06 | 江南大学 | Nanofiber, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114108114A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2022-03-01 | 浙江古纤道股份有限公司 | Preparation method of split type superfine flat yarn |
| CN114182372A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2022-03-15 | 浙江理工大学 | Preparation method of superfine flat yarn |
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