The processing method of a kind of aluminum alloy surface texture and Al-alloy products thereof
Technical field
The application relates to aluminum alloy surface process field, specifically, relates to processing method and the Al-alloy products thereof of a kind of aluminum alloy surface texture.
Background technology
Aluminum alloy surface effect is most commonly that wire drawing, sandblasting, also has the processing mode in aluminum alloy surface such as the mode that uses NC cutting tool machining texture, laser texture, to realize texture in aluminum alloy surface.But the technology mode of NC cutting tool machining texture has: attainable texture has limitation, the longest, production capacity is low, high in cost of production shortcoming.The texture color of laser processing also has limitation and difference, owing to laser texture color is limited, it is impossible to do random color collocation according to required design.And laser texture is confined to planar pattern, it is impossible to accomplish three-dimensional stereo effect.
In consideration of it, special, the application is proposed.
Summary of the invention
The primary goal of the invention of the application is to propose the processing method of a kind of aluminum alloy surface texture.
Second goal of the invention of the application is the Al-alloy products proposing to use this processing method to prepare.
In order to complete the purpose of the application, the technical scheme of employing is:
The application relates to the processing method of a kind of aluminum alloy surface texture, at least comprises the following steps:
(1) the cubic texture pattern of aluminum alloy product surface is designed, the cubic texture pattern that engraving is complementary with described cubic texture pattern form on the inwall for the mold cavity preparing described Al-alloy products;
(2) Al-alloy products to be processed is placed in step (1) and prepares in mold cavity, mold cavity is heated to 500~550 DEG C and maintains 1~180 second to carry out texture hot pressing;
(3) Al-alloy products after texture hot pressing is taken out in mold cavity, coat photoresists post-exposure at described aluminum alloy product surface, carry out anodized for the first time;
(4) remove described photoresists, carry out second time anodized.Preferably, the method using mould etching or laser laser carving is carved on the inwall of described mold cavity.
Preferably, the programming rate in heating process is 1~10 DEG C/min, preferably 4~8 DEG C/min.
Preferably, pressurizeing mold cavity, making the pressure in mold cavity is 5~10Mpa.
Preferably, by pressurizeing by the way of injecting gas in mold cavity, the preferred non-flammable compressive gas of described gas, more preferably nitrogen.
Preferably, carrying out described Al-alloy products aoxidizing pre-treatment before carrying out first time anodized, described oxidation pre-treatment includes acid defat, alkali cleaning, ash disposal neutralization, ultrasonic washing and chemical polishing;In step (4), carrying out described Al-alloy products aoxidizing pre-treatment before carrying out second time anodized, described oxidation pre-treatment is for neutralizing washing.
Preferably, described first time anodized and described second time anodized all use sulphuric acid DC anodizing;The most anodised condition is: voltage is 11~12.5V, and electric current density is 0.9~1.0A/mm2, sulfuric acid solution mass percent is 200~220g/L, and anodizing time is 30~40min;The most anodised condition is: voltage is 10~11V, and electric current density is 0.9~1.0A/mm2, sulfuric acid solution mass percent is 150~180g/L, and anodizing time is 10~20 minutes.
Preferably, in step (3), the coating position of described photoresists combines with described cubic texture pattern, thus forms the cubic texture pattern with two kinds of colors.
Preferably, in step (4), liquid parting or demoulding powder is used to remove described photoresists.
The application further relates to a kind of Al-alloy products using the present processes to prepare, and wherein, the degree of depth of described aluminum alloy product surface cubic texture is 0.01~0.1mm, preferably 0.03~0.1mm.
The technical scheme of the application at least has a following beneficial effect:
The application is the high temperature plasticity utilizing aluminum alloy materials, uses the mode of mould high temperature hot pressing aluminium, by hot-forming for the mould texture aluminum alloy surface that is needed on, thus defines the aluminum alloy surface with cubic texture pattern.The application is covered anodic oxidation dyeing process mode also by film exposure and is combined, thus can form two tone dyeing in aluminum alloy surface.The processing method of the application greatly simplifies the realisation problem of aluminum alloy surface texture, has the advantages such as easily realization, the shortest, production capacity is high, low cost, concordance are good, superficial makings effect is rich and varied.And breach the limitation of aluminum alloy surface texture, solve at present in the problem that difficulty is realisation, production capacity is low, cost is high of aluminum alloy surface processing texture, also produce the more new grain effect using tradition processing mode to realize.
Use the preparation method of the application, space pattern can be prepared and be respectively present or the Al-alloy products of double-colored space pattern with double-colored pattern, thus the 3 D stereo texture of more various renewal grain husk can be prepared.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of embodiment 1 product;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of embodiment 2 product.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the application is expanded on further.Should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate the application rather than limit scope of the present application.
The application, by the way of mould heat pressure is combined with anodic oxidation, prepares the Al-alloy products with cubic texture pattern.Wherein, mould heat pressure is the mode using mould high temperature hot pressing aluminium, by hot-forming for the mould texture aluminum alloy surface that is needed on, thus defines the aluminum alloy surface with cubic texture pattern.The aluminium alloy anode oxide of the application is to be placed in sulfuric acid electrolyte with the aluminium alloy region surface of uncoated photoresists for anode, utilizes electrolysis, makes aluminum surface form the process of porous alumina film layer.The porous alumina film layer formed at aluminium workpiece surface after anodic oxidation contaminates toner ion for follow-up dyeing provides carrier.The application can use antioxidative exposure imaging ink to carry out covering regional area by the requirement of design texture selectively.The aluminium alloy surface treatment method of the application, at least comprises the following steps:
(1) the cubic texture pattern of aluminum alloy product surface is designed, the cubic texture pattern that engraving is complementary with cubic texture pattern form on the inwall for the mold cavity preparing Al-alloy products;
(2) Al-alloy products to be processed is placed in step (1) and prepares in mold cavity, mold cavity is heated to 500~550 DEG C and maintains 1~180 second to carry out texture hot pressing so that the cubic texture imprint patterns in mold cavity and aluminum alloy material surface;
(3) Al-alloy products after texture hot pressing is taken out in mold cavity, coat photoresists post-exposure at aluminum alloy product surface, carry out anodized for the first time;
(4) remove described photoresists, carry out second time anodized.
In this application, utilize the high temperature plasticity of aluminum alloy materials that mold cavity is heated to 500~550 DEG C, at such a temperature, aluminum alloy surface quickly can be formed required space pattern.
As a kind of improvement of the application, in step (1), the method for mould etching or laser laser carving is used to carve on the inwall of described mold cavity.Wherein, mould etches, and i.e. uses chemical attack mould, forms target lines on wall of die cavity;Laser laser carving, i.e. utilizes laser energy to undercut target lines on wall of die cavity.
As a kind of improvement of the application, in step (2), the programming rate in heating process is 1~10 DEG C/min, preferably 4~8 DEG C/min.
As a kind of improvement of the application, in step (2), pressurizeing mold cavity, making the pressure in mold cavity is 5~10Mpa.Pressurization can accelerate the formation of cubic texture, and cubic texture can be made to become apparent from and vividly.
As a kind of improvement of the application, by pressurizeing by the way of injecting gas in mold cavity, the preferred non-flammable compressive gas of gas, more preferably nitrogen.By gas pressurized, make pressurization more uniform, the cubic texture of formation more uniformity.
As a kind of improvement of the application, in step (2), preferably 20~60 seconds heat time heating time.The time of heating is relevant with the complexity of the scale of construction of Al-alloy products and space pattern, as the most complicated in stereo pattern, the degree of depth is the biggest, and the time needed for heating is the longest.As the simplest in stereo pattern, the degree of depth is the least, required heat time heating time is the most relatively short.
As a kind of improvement of the application, in step (3), after coating photoresists, use fixed jig, then by ultraviolet light irradiation exposure, so that coating photoresists is site curing.Photoresists coating zone can be according to the arbitrarily devised combination of designer.
A kind of as the application improves, and in step (3), described Al-alloy products carries out before carrying out first time anodized aoxidizing pre-treatment, and oxidation pre-treatment includes acid defat, alkali cleaning, ash disposal neutralization, ultrasonic washing and chemical polishing;In step (4), Al-alloy products carrying out aoxidizing before carrying out second time anodized pre-treatment, oxidation pre-treatment is for neutralizing washing.
Wherein, the actual conditions of anodic oxidation pre-treatment for the first time is:
1, acid defat: acid defat is all to carry out at normal temperatures, is to carry out defat in the acid solution with sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid as base, and wherein phosphorus acid content is 30~35g/L, and sulfuric acid content is 7~10g/L, acid degreasing time is about 5 minutes.
2, alkali cleaning: purpose is remove surface further dirty, thoroughly removes the natural oxide film of surface of the work, to manifest pure metallic matrix, for anodic oxidation homogeneous conductive subsequently, generates uniform anode oxide film and lays a good foundation surface.Alkali washing process process is to put into Al alloy parts in the alkaline solution that sodium hydroxide is main constituent to carry out etch reaction.Sodium hydrate content is 40~55g/L, and the time is 2~5 minutes, and temperature is 40~50 DEG C.
3, ash disposal neutralizes: purpose is intended to intermetallic compound and the alkali cleaning products thereof such as that layer of Ex-all alkali cleaning rear surface the copper insoluble in alkaline solution, ferrum, silicon, to prevent its pollution to rear road anode oxidation groove liquid.Ash disposal is use certain density salpeter solution as in ash disposal and tank liquor, the generally salpeter solution of employing 10%~25%, dipping 1~3 minute at normal temperatures with technique.
4, ultrasonic washing: this operation purpose is thoroughly to remove in ash disposal and the salpeter solution of rear surface of the work residual, general ultrasonic cleaning twice is every all over about 3 minutes.
5, chemical polishing: use the three acid chemical polishing solutions being made up of phosphoric acid, sulphuric acid, nitric acid.Chemical polishing can be removed the slight mold mark in Al alloy parts surface, be wiped friction striped, the thermal transformation layer etc. scratched in striped, mechanical polishing, makes coarse surface tend to smooth and obtains the surface of approximation bright in mirror surface.Wherein the concentration in three acid chemical polishing solutions is phosphoric acid 25~30g/L, sulphuric acid 30~35g/L, nitric acid 7~10g/L, and temperature is about 90 DEG C, and the time is 20~30 seconds.
As a kind of improvement of the application, in step (3), anodized includes anodic oxidation, dyeing and sealing of hole for the first time;
Actual conditions is:
Sulphuric acid DC anodizing: voltage is 11~12.5V, electric current density is 1.0A/mm2, sulfuric acid solution concentration is 200~220g/L, and anodizing time is 30~40 minutes.
Dyeing: according to design requirement, is dyeed in the aluminum alloy surface region forming texture and anode oxide film of uncoated photoresists, dyeing is to be placed in the most anodised product in certain density toner groove to dye, and arbitrarily can dye and texture collocation various appearances effect according to the color requirements of design.
Sealing of hole: formed texture and the region dyeed carries out sealing pores to above-mentioned.Sealing of hole operation is " the hydration-treated process after alumilite process dyeing carried out anode oxide film ".Being placed in by aluminum component in 85~100 DEG C containing with or without carrying out high temperature hole sealing process in the solution of nickel hole sealing agent, the concentration of hole sealing agent is 5~10g/L, and the time is about 30 minutes.
As a kind of improvement of the application, in step (4), liquid parting or demoulding powder is used to remove described photoresists so that the region protected by photoresists during anodic oxidation for the first time is exposed, and carries out second time anodic oxidation and prepare.
Wherein, the actual conditions of anodic oxidation pre-treatment for the second time is:
Anodic oxidation for the second time will no longer be carried out, pickling, alkali cleaning, change are thrown, and directly utilize in weak salpeter solution and wash.Neutralize washing: salpeter solution concentration is 5%~10%, and the time is 1~3 minute.
The most anodised actual conditions is:
Use sulphuric acid DC anodizing: voltage is 10~11V, and electric current density is 0.9~1.0A/mm2, sulfuric acid solution concentration is 150~180g/L, and anodizing time is 10~20 minutes.
Dyeing: according to design requirement, carries out second time anodic oxidation dyeing, arbitrarily can dye and texture collocation various appearances effect according to the color requirements of design.
Sealing of hole: being placed in by aluminum component in 85~100 DEG C containing with or without carrying out high temperature hole sealing process in the solution of nickel hole sealing agent, the concentration of hole sealing agent is 5~10g/L, and the time is 20~30 minutes.
A kind of improvement as the application, in step (3), the coating position of photoresists combines with cubic texture pattern, so that two-dimensional color pattern is combined with established 3 D stereo texture, form the cubic texture pattern with two kinds of colors, thus may utilize Color and stereoeffect is rendered, that deepens solid presents effect.
If the coating position of photoresists and cubic texture pattern be not at same position, the situation that space pattern is respectively present can be formed with double-colored pattern.
The application further relates to the Al-alloy products using the application preparation method to prepare, and the degree of depth of described aluminum alloy product surface cubic texture is 0.01~0.1mm, preferably 0.03~0.1mm.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment proposes a kind of aluminium alloy surface treatment method, comprises the following steps:
1, the cubic texture pattern of aluminum alloy product surface is designed, for three-dimensional ball-type texture as shown in Figure 1;At the cubic texture pattern that the inwall mold etching of the mold cavity for preparing Al-alloy products is complementary with cubic texture pattern form;
2, Al-alloy products to be processed is placed in this mold cavity, mold cavity is heated to 550 DEG C and maintains 60 seconds to carry out texture hot pressing;Programming rate in heating process is 5 DEG C/min, while heating up, mold cavity is filled with nitrogen and pressurizes, and making the pressure in mold cavity is 10Mpa;
3, the Al-alloy products after texture hot pressing taken out in mould and cool down, then following the steps below:
3.1 use fixed jig at aluminum alloy product surface except the white space coating photoresists of spherical region, by ultraviolet light irradiation exposure, so that coating photoresists is site curing;
3.2 anodised oxidation pre-treatments for the first time:
3.2.1 acid defat: carrying out at normal temperatures, carry out defat in the acid solution with sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid as base, wherein phosphorus acid content is 30g/L, and sulfuric acid content is 7g/L, and the time is 5 minutes;
3.2.2 alkali cleaning: put into by Al alloy parts and carry out etch reaction in sodium hydroxide solution, sodium hydrate content is 40g/L, and the time is 3 minutes, and temperature is 45 DEG C;
3.2.3 ash disposal neutralizes: use the salpeter solution of 15%, at normal temperatures dipping 1~3 minute;
The most ultrasonic washing: as ultrasonic cleaning twice, every all over about 3 minutes;
3.2.5 chemical polishing: using the three acid chemical polishing solutions being made up of phosphoric acid, sulphuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid 25g/L, sulphuric acid 30g/L, nitric acid 7g/L, temperature is about 90 DEG C, and the time is 20 seconds;
3.3 first time anodized:
3.3.1 sulphuric acid DC anodizing is used: condition is: voltage is 11~12.5V, and electric current density is 0.9~1.0A/mm2, sulfuric acid solution mass percent is 200~220g/L, and anodizing time is 30~40min;
3.3.2 dyeing: the most anodised product is placed in certain density toner groove dyeing;
3.3.3 sealing of hole: being placed in 85 DEG C and contain with or without carrying out high temperature hole sealing process in the solution of nickel hole sealing agent, the concentration of hole sealing agent is 5~10g/L, and the time is 30 minutes;
4, use liquid parting or demoulding powder to remove photoresists, carry out second time anodized, the white space except spherical region is dyeed;
4.1 removing photoresists:
In 4.2 and washing: salpeter solution concentration is 10%, and the time is 2 minutes;
4.3 second time anodized:
4.3.1 use sulphuric acid DC anodizing: condition is: voltage is 10~11V, and electric current density is 0.9~1.0A/mm2, sulfuric acid solution concentration is 150~180g/L, and anodizing time is 10~20 minutes;
4.3.2 dyeing: the most anodised product is placed in certain density toner groove dyeing;
4.3.3 sealing of hole: aluminum component being placed in 100 DEG C and contains with or without carrying out high temperature hole sealing process in the solution of nickel hole sealing agent, the concentration of hole sealing agent is 5~10g/L, and the time is 20 minutes.
The preparation method using the present embodiment prepares Al-alloy products as shown in Figure 1, to the ball-type texture oxidation dyeing of anodic oxidation for the first time, other white spaces carry out second time anodic oxidation dyeing, form multicolour cubic texture effect, and the degree of depth of spherical texture is 0.03~0.1mm.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment proposes a kind of aluminium alloy surface treatment method, comprises the following steps:
1, the cubic texture pattern of aluminum alloy product surface is designed, for the 3-D triangle texture described in Fig. 2;At the cubic texture pattern that the inwall mold laser laser carving of the mold cavity for preparing Al-alloy products is complementary with cubic texture pattern form;
2, Al-alloy products to be processed is placed in this mold cavity, mold cavity is heated to 500 DEG C and maintains 60 seconds to carry out texture hot pressing;Programming rate in heating process is 8 DEG C/min;While heating, mold cavity being filled with nitrogen to pressurize, making the pressure in mold cavity is 8Mpa;
3, the Al-alloy products after texture hot pressing taken out in mould and cools down, coating photoresists post-exposure at aluminum alloy product surface triangle texture region, carrying out anodized for the first time;Actual conditions is with embodiment 1;
4, use liquid parting or demoulding powder to remove photoresists, triangle texture region is carried out second time anodized;Actual conditions is with embodiment 1.
The preparation method using the present embodiment prepares Al-alloy products as shown in Figure 2, white space is carried out the dyeing of anodic oxidation for the first time, triangle texture region carrying out second time anodic oxidation dyeing oxidation, forms multicolour cubic texture effect, the degree of depth of triangular texture is 0.03~0.1mm.
Although the application is open as above with preferred embodiment; but it is not for limiting claim; any those skilled in the art are on the premise of conceiving without departing from the application; can make some possible variations and amendment, therefore the protection domain of the application should be defined in the range of standard with the application claim.