CN105924591B - A kind of environment-friendly type crude oil decalcifying agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of environment-friendly type crude oil decalcifying agent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105924591B CN105924591B CN201610293649.6A CN201610293649A CN105924591B CN 105924591 B CN105924591 B CN 105924591B CN 201610293649 A CN201610293649 A CN 201610293649A CN 105924591 B CN105924591 B CN 105924591B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F283/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G
- C08F283/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G on to polyethers, polyoxymethylenes or polyacetals
- C08F283/065—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G on to polyethers, polyoxymethylenes or polyacetals on to unsaturated polyethers, polyoxymethylenes or polyacetals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G29/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with other chemicals
- C10G29/20—Organic compounds not containing metal atoms
Abstract
A kind of environment-friendly type crude oil decalcifying agent and preparation method thereof is related to preparing a kind of environment-friendly polyether copolymer crude oil decalcifying agent that performance is stablized, the crude oil decalcifying agent has excellent decalcity, it is to be carried out free-radical polymerized by polyether amino acid ester reaction monomers, allylthiourea and the monomer of unsaturated double-bond containing vinyl and obtained, general structure is：Wherein：A is the constitutional repeating unit after the copolymerization of the monomer of unsaturated double-bond containing vinyl, and R is or CH2SH or CH2‑CONH2, degree of polymerization x is 2~500, and degree of polymerization y is 2~500, and degree of polymerization z is 2~500, and repetitive unit m is 3~100.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of environment-friendly type crude oil decalcifying agents and preparation method thereof, and the crude oil for belonging to oil Refining Technologies field is located in advance
Reason technology.
Background technology
Since petroleum resources are increasingly deficient, more oil fields are using water drive, polymer flooding, CO2The tertiary oil recovery technologies such as drive,
The extensive use for adopting technology with three, worse and worse, high saliferous, the high crude oil with poor quality ratio containing acid are more and more big for oil property.
Common metal has sodium, calcium, magnesium, iron, nickel, vanadium etc. in crude oil.It is generally believed that except sodium exists in the form of the inorganic salts such as chloride
Outside, the metals such as calcium, magnesium, iron are most of exists in the form of naphthenate, phenates etc., and nickel, vanadium are mostly with porphyrin compound or pitch
Matter form exists.In these compounds, especially calcium salt has serious harm to crude oil processing, is mainly manifested in：(1) exist
In catalytic cracking process, doped calcium on a catalyst, limits contact of the hydrocarbon molecule with catalyst, or even makes catalyst poisoning simultaneously
Permanent deactivation；(2) high calcium content makes the selectivity of catalyst change, and is distributed also therewith so as to cause catalytic cracking product
It changes, yield of light oil reduces, and the economic benefit that oil product is processed is made to be greatly reduced.The inorganic salt form of Calcium in Crude Oil is main
There are calcium chloride, calcium carbonate, calcium bicarbonate, calcium sulfate etc.；The organic compound form of calcium mainly has a naphthenate, fatty acid salt,
Phenates etc..Organocalcium compound in crude oil be dissolved in oil, it is not soluble in water, cannot be removed during electro-desalting, it is therefore desirable to one
Effective decalcification technic is planted to improve decalcification efficiency.
Existing crude oil decalcifying technology can be attributed to chemical chelating method, chemical acidic treatment and chemical precipitation method.As in
Chemical chelating method, these methods disclosed in state patent document CN1076473, CN87105863, CN86107286, CN1657594
Crude oil decalcifying, such method are carried out using amino carboxylic acid, dicarboxylic acids, the hydroxycarboxylic acid etc. that can generate water soluble chelate compound with calcium
The shortcomings that be that medicament price used is more expensive；Chemical acidic treatment, as Chinese patent literature CN1055552,
Method disclosed in CN1454967, CN1521239 carries out weak acid using the petroleum acids calcium in strong acid in organic or inorganic and crude oil
Petroleum acids calcium reduction is removed the calcium in crude oil by strong acid hydrionic principle for petroleum acids in displacement, the disadvantage is that the acid used is right
Environmental hazard is big and has stronger corrosivity to industrial equipment, needs to carry out upgrading reconstruction selection corrosion-resistant material to existing device
Expect or develop corresponding high-efficient corrosion inhibitor, and acid value for crude oil is increased significantly after decalcification；Chinese patent literature CN1120575,
Chemical precipitation method disclosed in CN1245201, CN1054261, CN1760338 etc., such methods are using water soluble sulfate, phosphoric acid
Salt generates slightly soluble or calcium sulfate not soluble in water, calcium phosphate precipitation object with the petroleum acids calcium effect in crude oil, is deposited on water phase and reaches
To the purpose of decalcification, the shortcomings that this kind of decalcification method is that calcium removal efficiency is not high, the easy occluding device pipeline of sediment of generation, simultaneously
The industrial residue of generation needs to handle, and the presence of eutrophy element phosphor will also result in serious environmental pollution.To sum up, existing de-
Calcium agent can't meet industrial needs well, so, a kind of efficient decalcifying agent of environmental protection of exploitation will generate in oil refining process
Huge economic benefit and social environment benefit.
Polyether amino acid ester reaction monomers are made using lactone process green reaction technique in the present invention, and with allylthiourea and
The progress of the monomer of unsaturated double-bond containing vinyl is free-radical polymerized to be prepared for a kind of environment-friendly type crude oil decalcifying agent.
Invention content
Technical problem：The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of environment-friendly type crude oil decalcifying agents and preparation method thereof.The decalcifying agent
Can be biodegradable, and the calcium in crude oil can be effectively removed, it is a kind of environmental-friendly polyethers decalcifying agent.
Technical solution：A kind of environment-friendly type crude oil decalcifying agent of the present invention is by polyether amino acid ester reaction monomers, allyl
Thiocarbamide and the monomer of unsaturated double-bond containing vinyl are carried out free-radical polymerized and are obtained, and general structure is：
Wherein：A is the constitutional repeating unit after the copolymerization of the monomer of unsaturated double-bond containing vinyl, and R is or-CH2-SH-CH2-
CONH2, degree of polymerization x is 2~500, and degree of polymerization y is 2~500, and degree of polymerization z is 2~500, and repetitive unit m is 3~100.
The preparation method of above-mentioned environment-friendly type crude oil decalcifying agent is：
In N2Atmosphere, at room temperature, in terms of the quality of allyloxy polyethylene glycol monoether, by allyloxy polyethylene glycol monoether
Mixing in reaction kettle is added with the amino acid of 0.05~5 times of allyloxy polyethylene glycol monoether quality, with 10~15wt% hydrochloric acid
It is 2~5 to adjust pH, 0.1~1h of microwave reaction, and microwave power is 100~900W, is continued at 60~120 DEG C after microwave reaction anti-
1~10h is answered, room temperature is cooled to, obtains polyether amino acid ester reaction monomers；After reaction temperature is adjusted to 60~95 DEG C, by 0.2~5 times
The allylthiourea of allyloxy polyethylene glycol monoether quality, 0.2~5 times of allyloxy polyethylene glycol monoether quality contain ethylene
The chain-transferring agent and 0.1~5 times of allyl of base unsaturated double-bond monomer, 0.01~0.3 times of allyloxy polyethylene glycol monoether quality
The distilled water of oxygroup polyethylene glycol monoether quality is added in reaction kettle, and 0.01~0.5 times of allyloxy is added dropwise with uniform speed
The inorganic initiator of polyethylene glycol monoether quality, a concentration of mass percentage concentration of the inorganic initiator are the water of 0.5~15wt%
Solution, 0.5~3h are dripped off, and are continued to react 1~10h at 60~95 DEG C after dripping off, are down to room temperature, and it is 20~60wt% to obtain solid content
Environment-friendly type crude oil decalcifying agent.
Amino acid described in the preparation method of above-mentioned environment-friendly type crude oil decalcifying agent is cysteine or asparagine.
The monomer of the unsaturated double-bond containing vinyl described in the preparation method of above-mentioned environment-friendly type crude oil decalcifying agent is horse
Come sour mono ethyl ester or monomethyl fumarate.
Inorganic initiator described in the preparation method of above-mentioned environment-friendly type crude oil decalcifying agent is sodium peroxydisulfate, persulfuric acid
One kind of ammonium, persulfonic acid sodium.
Chain-transferring agent described in the preparation method of above-mentioned environment-friendly type crude oil decalcifying agent is mercaptoethanol or mercaptopropionic acid.
Advantageous effect：A kind of environment-friendly type crude oil decalcifying agent of the present invention has following excellent properties：
(1) the environment-friendly type polyethers decalcifying agent is not phosphorous, and the introducing of amino acid structure makes it have better biological degradability,
It is a kind of novel environmentally protective crude oil decalcifying agent.Its preparation process green environment is friendly, and building-up process uses environmentally friendly, cheap
Water is reaction dissolvent, and reaction process uses one-step method, simple to operate, production cost is relatively low without separation.
(2) in the environment-friendly type polyethers decalcifying agent structure containing the strong polyether group of hydrophily, while S and N element energy and water
In hydrogen formed hydrogen bond, so that the calcium ion tolerance of the decalcifying agent is greatly improved, have efficient removal effect to the calcium in crude oil.
(3) the environment-friendly type polyethers decalcifying agent has fully considered the synergistic effect between different groups in preparation process, in chela
Abundant carboxyl, amino, ether and ester group contained in mixture, the carboxylic acid and amino group contained can chelate in crude oil
Calcium, and the cyclic chelate formed has water solubility；The nonpolar ester group contained can increase the contact area of oil-water interfaces, from
And improve decalcification effect；The hydrophily of ether keeps the calcium chelate to be formed soluble easily in water, is easily isolated, and use is simple for process.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment 1：In N2At 25 DEG C, reaction is added in 80g allyloxy polyethylene glycol monoethers and 20g cysteines by atmosphere
Mixing in kettle is 3 with 10wt% salt acid for adjusting pH, microwave reaction 0.1h, microwave power 300W, after microwave reaction 90 DEG C after
Continuous reaction 2h, then weigh 30g allylthioureas, 20g ethyl maleates, 10g mercaptoethanols and 300g distilled water and reaction is added
After being cooled to 85 DEG C, the sodium persulfate aqueous solution of 50g 4wt% is added dropwise, 1h is dripped off, after being added dropwise at 85 DEG C in mixing in kettle
The reaction was continued 3h, after being down to 25 DEG C, obtains brownish red environmentally-friendly transparent type crude oil decalcifying agent.
It is experiment crude oil, calcium content 25.6ppm, iron content 7.3ppm, gained environment-friendly type original with the peaceful pipe oil transportation in Shandong
For oily decalcifying agent when dosage is 115ppm, decalcification rate is 96.4%, and deferrization rate is 63.7%.
Embodiment 2：In N2At 25 DEG C, reaction is added in 100g allyloxy polyethylene glycol monoether, 30g asparagines by atmosphere
Mixing in kettle is 2.5 with 10wt% salt acid for adjusting pH, microwave reaction 0.3h, microwave power 500W, at 60 DEG C after microwave reaction
The reaction was continued 3h, then weigh 50g allylthioureas, 30g ethyl maleates, 10g mercaptopropionic acids and 250g distilled water be added it is anti-
Mixing in kettle is answered, after being warming up to 85 DEG C, the ammonium persulfate aqueous solution of 50g 6wt% is added dropwise, 2h is dripped off, and after being added dropwise, is continued
4h is reacted at 85 DEG C, after being down to 25 DEG C, obtains brownish red environmentally-friendly transparent type crude oil decalcifying agent.
It is experiment crude oil, calcium content 27.7ppm, iron content 6.9ppm, gained environment-friendly type original with the peaceful pipe oil transportation in Shandong
For oily decalcifying agent when dosage is 125ppm, decalcification rate is 97.9%, and deferrization rate is 66.3%.
Embodiment 3：In N2At 25 DEG C, reaction is added in 120g allyloxy polyethylene glycol monoethers and 35g cysteines by atmosphere
Mixing in kettle is 3.5 with 15wt% salt acid for adjusting pH, microwave reaction 0.5h, microwave power 700W, at 80 DEG C after microwave reaction
The reaction was continued 5h, then weigh 45g allylthioureas, 30g monomethyl fumarates, 15g mercaptopropionic acids and 300g distilled water be added it is anti-
Mixing in kettle is answered, after being warming up to 85 DEG C, the persulfonic acid sodium water solution of 50g 8wt% is added dropwise, 0.5h is dripped off, after being added dropwise, after
Continue and react 6h at 85 DEG C, after being down to 25 DEG C, obtains brownish red environmentally-friendly transparent type crude oil decalcifying agent.
It is experiment crude oil, calcium content 29.7ppm, iron content 7.7ppm, gained environment-friendly type original with the peaceful pipe oil transportation in Shandong
For oily decalcifying agent when dosage is 121ppm, decalcification rate is 98.5%, and deferrization rate is 67.3%.
Embodiment 4：In N2, atmosphere at 25 DEG C, 150g allyloxy polyethylene glycol monoethers and 40g asparagines is added anti-
Mixing in kettle is answered, is 4 with 15wt% salt acid for adjusting pH, microwave reaction 1h, microwave power 700W, at 100 DEG C after microwave reaction
The reaction was continued 5h, then weigh 60g allylthioureas, 60g monomethyl fumarates, 25g mercaptoethanols and 400g distilled water be added it is anti-
Mixing in kettle is answered, after being cooled to 90 DEG C, the ammonium persulfate aqueous solution of 50g 10wt% is added dropwise, 3h is dripped off, and after being added dropwise, is continued
8h is reacted at 90 DEG C, after being down to 25 DEG C, obtains brownish red environmentally-friendly transparent type crude oil decalcifying agent.
It is experiment crude oil, calcium content 22.3ppm, iron content 6.3ppm, gained environment-friendly type original with the peaceful pipe oil transportation in Shandong
For oily decalcifying agent when dosage is 100ppm, decalcification rate is 98.9%, and deferrization rate is 69.2%.
Embodiment 5：In N2At 25 DEG C, reaction is added in 200g allyloxy polyethylene glycol monoethers and 40g cysteines by atmosphere
Mixing in kettle is 4.5 with 10wt% salt acid for adjusting pH, microwave reaction 0.6h, microwave power 600W, at 95 DEG C after microwave reaction
The reaction was continued 5h, then weigh 60g allylthioureas, 60g ethyl maleates, 25g mercaptopropionic acids and 450g distilled water be added it is anti-
Mixing in kettle is answered, after being cooled to 75 DEG C, the ammonium persulfate aqueous solution of 40g 10wt% is added dropwise, 1.5h is dripped off, after being added dropwise, after
Continue and react 6h at 75 DEG C, after being down to 25 DEG C, obtains brownish red environmentally-friendly transparent type crude oil decalcifying agent.
It is experiment crude oil, calcium content 24.1ppm, iron content 7.9ppm, gained environment-friendly type original with the peaceful pipe oil transportation in Shandong
For oily decalcifying agent when dosage is 108ppm, decalcification rate is 98.6%, and deferrization rate is 68.3%.
The performance test methods of above-mentioned environment-friendly type crude oil decalcifying agent are：
Experiment is the peaceful pipe oil transportation in Shandong with oil, and calcium content is 20~30ppm, 6.0~9.0ppm of iron content.By 40g crude oil, account for
The water filling of its mass fraction 8wt% and 40ppm demulsifiers FC9300 are mixed, and 0.5h are preheated at 80 DEG C, then in blender
In stirred 5 minutes with the intensity of 1800r/min, be transferred in electrical desalter, according still further to agent calcium than 4.5:1 (mass ratio) is added former
Electro-desalting experimental condition is determined as by oily decalcifying agent according to certain desalting in oil refinery workshop section execute-in-place condition：125 DEG C of electricity is de-
Salt temperature, forceful electric power field intensity are 1500V/cm, and the residence time is 3~10 minutes, and light current field intensity is 400V/cm, residence time
It it is 5~12 minutes, the sedimentation time is 30 minutes.Crude oil after de- in electrical desalter is acquired after grease is completely separated, it is former after taking off
In oil the analysis method of tenor referring to《Petrochemical analysis method》In GB/T 508-91 methods, carried out in advance with dry ash method
Processing, is measured with plasma emission spectroscopy, measures decalcification rate and deferrization rate.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of environment-friendly type crude oil decalcifying agent, it is characterised in that the crude oil decalcifying agent is by polyether amino acid ester reaction monomers, allyl
Base thiocarbamide and the monomer of unsaturated double-bond containing vinyl are carried out free-radical polymerized and are obtained, and general structure is：
Wherein：A is the constitutional repeating unit after the copolymerization of the monomer of unsaturated double-bond containing vinyl, and R is-CH2- SH or-CH2-CONH2,
Degree of polymerization x is 2~500, and degree of polymerization y is 2~500, and degree of polymerization z is 2~500, and repetitive unit m is 3~100.
2. a kind of a kind of preparation method of environment-friendly type crude oil decalcifying agent as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the preparation side
Method is：
In N2Atmosphere, at room temperature, in terms of the quality of allyloxy polyethylene glycol monoether, by allyloxy polyethylene glycol monoether and
Mixing in reaction kettle is added in the amino acid of 0.05~5 times of allyloxy polyethylene glycol monoether quality, with 10~15wt% hydrochloric acid tune
It is 2~5 to save pH, and 0.1~1h of microwave reaction, microwave power is 100~900W, and at 60~120 DEG C, the reaction was continued after microwave reaction 1
~10h, is cooled to room temperature, obtains polyether amino acid ester reaction monomers；After reaction temperature is adjusted to 60~95 DEG C, by 0.2~5 times of allyl
The allylthiourea of oxygroup polyethylene glycol monoether quality, 0.2~5 times of allyloxy polyethylene glycol monoether quality containing vinyl not
Be saturated double bond monomer, 0.01~0.3 times of allyloxy polyethylene glycol monoether quality chain-transferring agent and 0.1~5 times of allyloxy
The distilled water of polyethylene glycol monoether quality is added in reaction kettle, and 0.01~0.5 times of poly- second of allyloxy is added dropwise with uniform speed
The inorganic initiator of glycol monoethers quality, a concentration of mass percentage concentration of the inorganic initiator are the aqueous solution of 0.5~15wt%,
0.5~3h is dripped off, and is continued to react 1~10h at 60~95 DEG C after dripping off, is down to room temperature, and the ring that solid content is 20~60wt% is obtained
Guarantor's type crude oil decalcifying agent.
3. a kind of preparation method of environment-friendly type crude oil decalcifying agent according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the preparation method
Described in amino acid be cysteine or asparagine.
4. a kind of preparation method of environment-friendly type crude oil decalcifying agent according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the preparation method
Described in the unsaturated double-bond containing vinyl monomer be ethyl maleate or monomethyl fumarate.
5. a kind of preparation method of environment-friendly type crude oil decalcifying agent according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the preparation method
Described in inorganic initiator be sodium peroxydisulfate, ammonium persulfate or persulfonic acid sodium one kind.
6. a kind of preparation method of environment-friendly type crude oil decalcifying agent according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the preparation method
Described in chain-transferring agent be mercaptoethanol or mercaptopropionic acid.
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| CN106496455B (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-12-11 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | A method of improving crude oil decalcifying agent low-temperature stability |
| CN106867572B (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2018-09-21 | 东南大学 | A kind of compound without phosphorus crude oil metal-chelator |
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| CN101157869A (en) * | 2007-11-12 | 2008-04-09 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Crude oil decalcifying agent and preparation method thereof |
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