CN105923988B - The extruding production of the arbitrary adjustable oval core polarization-preserving fiber preform of ovality - Google Patents
The extruding production of the arbitrary adjustable oval core polarization-preserving fiber preform of ovality Download PDFInfo
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- CN105923988B CN105923988B CN201610311922.3A CN201610311922A CN105923988B CN 105923988 B CN105923988 B CN 105923988B CN 201610311922 A CN201610311922 A CN 201610311922A CN 105923988 B CN105923988 B CN 105923988B
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- extrusion
- chalcogenide glass
- fibre core
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- covering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/012—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2203/00—Fibre product details, e.g. structure, shape
- C03B2203/30—Polarisation maintaining [PM], i.e. birefringent products, e.g. with elliptical core, by use of stress rods, "PANDA" type fibres
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of extruding productions of the arbitrary adjustable oval core polarization-preserving fiber preform of ovality, it is squeezed by the classification in two stages, the oval core polarization-preserving fiber preform dimensional accuracy that is prepared is high, with stable fibre core covering ratio, and the ovality of fibre core and the ovality of the extruded hole on corresponding extrusion die are almost the same, snugly closely, fibre core clad interface is clear, complete for fibre core and covering；The method of the present invention controllability is good, the ovality of the fibre core of oval core polarization-preserving fiber preform can be accurately controlled, the oval core polarization-preserving fiber preform the drawbacks of there are faults of construction for overcoming conventional borehole or depressurizing prepared by flame shrinking, meanwhile, improve chemical vapour deposition technique with tradition（MCVD）The method for preparing preform is compared, and cost is greatly reduced, in addition, solving the problems, such as that fibre core clad interface existing for the oval core polarization-preserving fiber preform of traditional sleeve method preparation is poor.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to preform production field, the arbitrary adjustable oval core polarization maintaining optical fibre of specifically a kind of ovality
The extruding production of prefabricated rods.
Background technology
Chalcogenide glass has good infrared transmission performance（According to component difference, ranging from 0.5 ~ 25 μm is penetrated）, relatively low
Phonon energy（Less than 350 cm-1）, higher refractive index（2~3.5）.In addition, chalcogenide glass also has lower transition temperature
（Tg is 150 ~ 250 DEG C）, preferable mechanical property, good chemical stability and thermal stability, be drawn into based on chalcogenide glass
Chalcogenide glass fiber there are mechanical performance and the advantages such as physical and chemical stability is good.
Polarization maintaining optical fibre is a kind of optical fiber to linearly polarized light with stronger polarization holding capacity.Since it is with good
SOP Maintaining capability, in terms of being widely used in Fibre Optical Sensor and various polarization coherent detectors.It is produced according to birefringent phenomenon
Raw mode is different, and polarization maintaining optical fibre can be divided into geometric type polarization maintaining optical fibre and stress type polarization maintaining optical fibre.Geometric type polarization maintaining optical fibre master
If since the asymmetry on material geometry leads to the change of fiber optic materials refractive index, to generate birefringence effect,
Such as oval core polarization maintaining optical fibre, usually, the calculation formula of the ovality e of oval core polarization maintaining optical fibre fibre core is e=a/b, wherein a
For elliptical long axis length, b is elliptical minor axis length；Stress type polarization maintaining optical fibre is mainly the stress rods and light by outer insertion
The difference of the coefficient of thermal expansion of long and slender core leads to the variation of Refractive Index of Material to generate thermal stress under the action of thermal stress,
To generate birefringence effect, such as panda type polarization-preserving fiber.Since the birefringence of geometric type polarization maintaining optical fibre is mainly by geometry
Caused by birefringence, compared to stress type polarization maintaining optical fibre, the birefringence of geometric type polarization maintaining optical fibre have stability good and temperature without
The characteristics of closing property.
Currently, the main method for preparing oval core polarization-preserving fiber preform has polishing and decompression flame shrinking.Use polishing
Prepare oval core polarization maintaining optical fibre, first according to requiring after depositing covering and plug, the circular arc of pole both sides is ground to it is flat, then
High temperature wire drawing can be obtained oval core polarization maintaining optical fibre.For the method since prefabricated rods machined surface is in approximate ellipsoidal, polishing processing is difficult
Degree is big, and the cross section of optic fibre shape drawn is uneven, and longitudinal uniformity is also not easy to ensure.With decompression burning shrinkage legal system
Standby ellipse core polarization-preserving fiber preform, covering and sandwich layer are deposited first with gas-phase deposition on substrate inside pipe wall, then will
Intraductal atmospheric pressure reduces, it is to be ensured that the air pressure in deposited tube is less than the atmospheric pressure of external environment, temperature is then increased, in low-voltage high-temperature
Under the action of by sandwich layer collapsing ovalisation, you can ellipse core polarization-preserving fiber preform is made.It is prepared using decompression flame shrinking ellipse
During round core polarization-preserving fiber preform, due to needing to accurately control the relationship of gas flow and temperature, and practical control difficulty compared with
Greatly, therefore the making of the oval core polarization-preserving fiber preform of high-precision difficult to realize.
Preform is prepared with extrusion, to steeper temperature-viscosity curve or the chalcogenide glass for being easier to crystallization
It says and is applicable in very much.In this approach, glass combination green body is placed in extrusion cylinder and temperature is heated to the softening of glass
More than temperature, then glass is extruded by a certain fixed rate by the mold of bottom under high pressure, to obtain with core
The chalcogenide glass prefabricated rods of cladding structure.In extruding, higher pressure and lower extruding temperature can effectively reduce glass
Crystallization probability.And in extrusion process, glass surface mechanically damaged will not be interfered with foreign matter, all through squeezing
The bright and clean degree on the surface of chalcogenide glass fiber prefabricated rods obtained is far above other preparation methods.The country is protected for preparing tradition
The patent of inclined preform largely all concentrates on stress type polarization maintaining optical fibre, the preparation patent of geometric type polarization-preserving fiber preform
It is less with document.What its Patent CN104445912A was introduced is a kind of production method of panda protecting polarized light fiber prefabricated rods, by 2
Polarization-maintaining stress rods are symmetrically fixed on the both sides of plug according to stress distribution demand, using external deposition method to plug and polarization-maintaining stress
Stick carries out outer cladding deposition, obtains prefabricated rods loosening body, is finally sintered to prefabricated rods loosening body, and it is circular to obtain interface
Panda type polarization-preserving fiber prefabricated rods.The patent is related to outside deposition step, therefore cost of manufacture is higher, and in outside deposition
During, stress rods are easy to burst, and polarization-maintaining stress rods are difficult accurately to be fixed on plug both sides according to stress requirement, therefore make
Standby precision is not high.To sum up, it is necessary to develop a kind of extruding production of oval core polarization-preserving fiber preform, the present invention is exactly base
It is proposed in this purpose.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to：In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, it is arbitrarily adjustable to provide a kind of ovality
Oval core polarization-preserving fiber preform extruding production, can not only accurately control the fibre of oval core polarization-preserving fiber preform
The ovality of core, and the oval core polarization-preserving fiber preform of arbitrary ellipse degree can be prepared, while manufacturing cost is greatly reduced.
Technical solution is used by the present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem：The arbitrary adjustable oval core polarization-maintaining light of ovality
The extruding production of fine prefabricated rods, it is characterised in that include the following steps：
（1）Prepare the extrusion cylinder of a upper opening, the bottom wall of the extrusion cylinder offers extrusion mouth；Prepare one to squeeze
Head, the outer diameter of the extrusion head are adapted with the internal diameter of the extrusion cylinder, and the bottom of the extrusion head is opened equipped with lower part
The cavity of mouth, the center of the cavity are provided with the first mandril, and the upper end of first mandril is detachably connected solid
It is scheduled on the extrusion head, the bottom surface of first mandril is flushed with the bottom surface of the extrusion head；Prepare a lower part to open
Mouthful protection sleeve pipe, the center of the roof of the protection sleeve pipe offers longitudinal hole, the appearance and size of the protection sleeve pipe with
The cavity is adapted, and the outer diameter of first mandril is more than the aperture of the longitudinal hole；Prepare a set of extrusion die,
The set extrusion die is made of multiple extrusion dies, opens up that there are one the extruded holes of ellipse in the middle part of the extrusion die, respectively
The ovality of extruded hole on a extrusion die differs, outer diameter and the protection sleeve pipe of each extrusion die
Internal diameter is adapted；Prepare through alcohol rinse is clean and dries a fibre core chalcogenide glass ingot and a covering chalcogenide glass ingot, and fibre
The linear refractive index of core chalcogenide glass is more than the linear refractive index of covering chalcogenide glass, the outer diameter of the fibre core chalcogenide glass ingot
It is adapted with the internal diameter of the protection sleeve pipe, the internal diameter phase of the outer diameter and the extrusion cylinder of the covering chalcogenide glass ingot
Adaptation；
（2）According to the ovality of the fibre core of oval core polarization-preserving fiber preform to be prepared, from a set of extrusion die
In pick out the extrusion die that the ovality of extruded hole matches；
（3）The covering chalcogenide glass ingot is first put into the bottom of the extrusion cylinder, then by the fibre core sulphur
It is that glass ingot and the extrusion die selected are put into the protection sleeve pipe, and so that the fibre core chalcogenide glass ingot is overlayed this and squeezed
The top of pressing mold, then the protection sleeve pipe is placed on the covering sulphur together with fibre core chalcogenide glass ingot and extrusion die
It is finally to be put into togerther the extrusion head in the extrusion cylinder together with first mandril on glass ingot, makes described
The bottom surface of the first mandril contacted with the top surface of the protection sleeve pipe, and on first mandril, longitudinal hole, extrusion die
Extruded hole and extrusion mouth center on the same line；
（4）The extrusion cylinder is heated, the temperature for being heated to extrusion cylinder reaches T, and the temperature T of extrusion cylinder meets：
Tg<T<Tx, wherein higher value of the Tg values in the transition temperature of both glass of fibre core chalcogenide glass and covering chalcogenide glass,
Smaller value of the Tx values in the recrystallization temperature of both glass of fibre core chalcogenide glass and covering chalcogenide glass, extrusion cylinder after heating
Interior fibre core chalcogenide glass ingot and covering chalcogenide glass ingot is by thermal softening；To the top pressure of the extrusion head, by described
The first mandril push the protection sleeve pipe to squeeze into the covering sulphur system together with fibre core chalcogenide glass ingot and extrusion die
In glass ingot, the bottom surface of the extrusion die is made to be flushed with the bottom surface of the covering chalcogenide glass ingot；
（5）Keep the temperature T of extrusion cylinder constant, take out the extrusion head, dismantle first mandril, will with it is described
Isometric the second mandril of the first mandril be assemblied on the extrusion head, the outer diameter of second mandril is less than described vertical
To the aperture of through-hole, then extrusion head is put into togerther together with second mandril in the extrusion cylinder, makes described the
The bottom surface of two mandrils is flushed with the top surface of the protection sleeve pipe, is pressed, is made described to the top of the extrusion head again
The bottom end of second mandril passes through the longitudinal hole to stretch into the fibre core chalcogenide glass ingot, by fibre core chalcogenide glass from institute
Extruded hole on the extrusion die stated squeezes out, and finally squeezes fibre core chalcogenide glass together with the extrusion mouth with covering chalcogenide glass
Go out, which is the semi-finished product of oval core polarization-preserving fiber preform, while extrusion using haulage gear to this half at
Product synchronize traction；
（6）After the oval core polarization-preserving fiber preform semi-finished product of extrusion are annealed 4-6 hours at a temperature of the Tg, then
Slow cooling is to room temperature to get to single mode sulphur system ellipse core polarization-preserving fiber preform.
When the method for the present invention squeezes preparation ellipse core polarization-preserving fiber preform, fibre core chalcogenide glass ingot is placed on protective case
In pipe, protection sleeve pipe can protect fibre core chalcogenide glass, it is ensured that fibre core chalcogenide glass can integrally squeeze into covering chalcogenide glass ingot
In, in addition, when taking out extrusion head, the first mandril of dismounting and replacing the second mandril, which can also prevent on the inside of it
Glass upward reverse flow under pressure, it is ensured that extruding is smoothed out.The present invention extrusion process, in two stages into
Row：First stage heats extrusion cylinder, at a certain temperature, make fibre core chalcogenide glass ingot and covering chalcogenide glass ingot by
Thermal softening, presses to the top of extrusion head, pushes protection sleeve pipe together with fibre core chalcogenide glass ingot and extrusion die by the first mandril
It squeezes into together in covering chalcogenide glass ingot, the bottom surface of extrusion die is made to be flushed with the bottom surface of covering chalcogenide glass ingot；Second stage is protected
The temperature T for holding extrusion cylinder is constant, after changing the second mandril, presses again to the top of extrusion head, the bottom end of the second mandril is made to wear
It crosses longitudinal hole to stretch into fibre core chalcogenide glass ingot, fibre core chalcogenide glass is squeezed out from the extruded hole on extrusion die, it finally will be fine
Core chalcogenide glass and covering chalcogenide glass from extrusion mouth together with squeeze out, which is oval core polarization-preserving fiber preform
Semi-finished product, after annealing 4-6 hours at a temperature of Tg, then slow cooling to room temperature to get to single mode sulphur system ellipse core polarization maintaining optical fibre
Prefabricated rods, the ellipse core polarization-preserving fiber preform have stable fibre core-covering ratio.
Step（4）And step（5）In extrusion process carried out in vacuum chamber, squeeze before using vacuum pump to the vacuum chamber
It vacuumizes, when the vacuum degree in vacuum chamber is less than 10-2When Pa, nitrogen or inert gas are supplemented into vacuum chamber, is made in vacuum chamber
Air pressure it is identical as external atmosphere pressure.
In preparation method of the present invention, equipped with a set of extrusion die, in the oval core polarization-preserving fiber preform of different ovalitys
When preparation, extrusion die can be replaced according to the ovality of the fibre core of oval core polarization-preserving fiber preform to be prepared, be passed through
It replaces different extrusion dies the ovality of the fibre core of prefabricated rods can be adjusted accordingly and be accurately controlled, overcomes traditional system
Preparation Method can not accurately control the drawbacks of ovality of the fibre core of prefabricated rods.The ellipse of extruded hole on each extrusion die
The value range for spending e is 0 ＜ e ＜ ∞.
Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows：The arbitrary adjustable oval core of ovality provided by the invention is protected
The extruding production of inclined preform is squeezed by the classification in two stages, and the oval core polarization maintaining optical fibre being prepared is pre-
Stick dimensional accuracy processed is high, with stable fibre core-covering ratio, and the ovality of fibre core and the extruded hole on corresponding extrusion die
Ovality it is almost the same, snugly closely, fibre core-clad interface is clear, complete for fibre core and covering；The method of the present invention can
Control property is good, can accurately control the ovality of the fibre core of oval core polarization-preserving fiber preform, overcomes conventional borehole or decompression is burnt
Oval core polarization-preserving fiber preform the drawbacks of there are faults of construction prepared by contracting method, meanwhile, improve chemical vapor deposition with tradition
Method（MCVD）The method for preparing preform is compared, and cost is greatly reduced, in addition, solving the ellipse of traditional sleeve method preparation
The problem of fibre core existing for core polarization-preserving fiber preform-clad interface difference.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that first stage extruding starts status diagram in preceding extrusion cylinder in embodiment 1 and embodiment 2；
At the end of Fig. 2 squeezes for the first stage in embodiment 1 and embodiment 2（That is second stage extruding starts）In extrusion cylinder
Status diagram；
Status diagram in extrusion cylinder at the end of Fig. 3 squeezes for second stage in embodiment 1 and embodiment 2；
Fig. 4 is the end view drawing that the oval core polarization-preserving fiber preform being prepared is squeezed in embodiment 1 and embodiment 2.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with attached drawing embodiment, present invention is further described in detail.
Embodiment 1：With As40S30Se30As glass of fiber core material, with As38S62As cladding glass material, squeezes and prepare
The oval core polarization-preserving fiber preform for being about 3 at fibre core ovality, extruding production include the following steps：
（1）Prepare the extrusion cylinder 1 of a upper opening, the bottom wall of extrusion cylinder 1 offers extrusion mouth 11；Prepare an extrusion head 2,
The outer diameter of extrusion head 2 is adapted with the internal diameter of extrusion cylinder 1, and the bottom of extrusion head 2 is equipped with the cavity 21 of lower openings, cavity 21
Center is provided with the first mandril 31, and the upper end of the first mandril 31 is detachably connected to be fixed on extrusion head 2, the first mandril 31
Bottom surface flushed with the bottom surface of extrusion head 2；Prepare the protection sleeve pipe 4 of a lower openings, the center of the roof of the protection sleeve pipe 4 is opened
Equipped with longitudinal hole 41, the appearance and size of protection sleeve pipe 4 is adapted with cavity 21, and the outer diameter of the first mandril 31 is more than longitudinal hole
41 aperture；Prepare a set of extrusion die, which is made of multiple extrusion dies, opened up in the middle part of each extrusion die there are one
The ovality of the extruded hole of ellipse, the extruded hole on each extrusion die differs, outer diameter and the protection sleeve pipe 4 of each extrusion die
Internal diameter is adapted；Prepare clean through alcohol rinse and drying As40S30Se30Fibre core chalcogenide glass ingot 6 and As38S62Covering sulphur system
Glass ingot 7, As40S30Se30The outer diameter of fibre core chalcogenide glass ingot 6 is adapted with the internal diameter of protection sleeve pipe 4, As38S62Covering sulphur system
The outer diameter of glass ingot 7 is adapted with the internal diameter of extrusion cylinder 1；
（2）According to the ovality of the fibre core of oval core polarization-preserving fiber preform to be prepared（e=3）, from a set of extrusion die
Pick out the extrusion die 5 that the ovality of extruded hole 51 is 3；
（3）First by As38S62Covering chalcogenide glass ingot 7 is put into the bottom of extrusion cylinder 1, then by As40S30Se30Fibre core sulphur system
Glass ingot 6 and the extrusion die 5 selected are put into protection sleeve pipe 4, and make As40S30Se30Fibre core chalcogenide glass ingot 6 overlays this and squeezes
The top of pressing mold 5, then by protection sleeve pipe 4 together with As40S30Se30Fibre core chalcogenide glass ingot 6 and extrusion die 5 are placed on together
As38S62On covering chalcogenide glass ingot 7, finally extrusion head 2 is put into togerther together with the first mandril 31 in extrusion cylinder 1, makes the first top
The bottom surface of bar 31 is contacted with the top surface of protection sleeve pipe 4, and 51 and of extruded hole on the first mandril 31, longitudinal hole 41, extrusion die 5
The center of extrusion mouth 11 is on the same line；
（4）Extrusion cylinder 1 is heated, the temperature for being heated to extrusion cylinder 1 reaches T, and the temperature T of extrusion cylinder 1 meets：Tg<T
<Tx, wherein Tg values are in As40S30Se30Fibre core chalcogenide glass and As38S62The transition temperature of both glass of covering chalcogenide glass
In higher value, Tx values are in As40S30Se30Fibre core chalcogenide glass and As38S62The crystallization of both glass of covering chalcogenide glass
Smaller value in temperature specifically controls the temperature T of extrusion cylinder 1 at 210 DEG C<T<240 DEG C, after heating in extrusion cylinder 1
As40S30Se30Fibre core chalcogenide glass ingot 6 and As38S62Covering chalcogenide glass ingot 7 is by thermal softening；It presses to the top of extrusion head 2,
First stage extruding starts, and status diagram is shown in Fig. 1 in extrusion cylinder before first stage extruding starts, and passes through the first mandril 31 and pushes
Protection sleeve pipe 4 is together with As40S30Se30Fibre core chalcogenide glass ingot 6 and extrusion die 5 squeeze into As together38S62Covering chalcogenide glass ingot 7
In, make bottom surface and the As of extrusion die 538S62The bottom surface of covering chalcogenide glass ingot 7 flushes, and first stage extruding at this time terminates, and squeezes
Status diagram is shown in Fig. 2 in cylinder；
（5）It keeps the temperature T of extrusion cylinder 1 constant, takes out extrusion head 2, dismantle the first mandril 31, it will be with the first mandril 31 etc.
The second long mandril 32 is assemblied on extrusion head 2, and the outer diameter of the second mandril 32 is less than the aperture of longitudinal hole 41, then will be squeezed
First 2 are put into togerther together with the second mandril 32 in extrusion cylinder 1, and the bottom surface of the second mandril 32 is made to be flushed with the top surface of protection sleeve pipe 4, then
The secondary top to extrusion head 2 presses, and second stage extruding starts, and the bottom end of the second mandril 32 is made to be stretched into across longitudinal hole 41
As40S30Se30In fibre core chalcogenide glass ingot 6, by As40S30Se30Fibre core chalcogenide glass is squeezed out from the extruded hole 51 on extrusion die 5,
Finally by As40S30Se30Fibre core chalcogenide glass and As38S62Covering chalcogenide glass squeezes out together from extrusion mouth 11, the extrusion product
The semi-finished product 8 of as oval core polarization-preserving fiber preform, extrusion while, which synchronizes the semi-finished product 8 using haulage gear, leads
Draw, second stage extruding terminates, and status diagram is shown in Fig. 3 in extrusion cylinder at the end of second stage squeezes；
（6）After the oval core polarization-preserving fiber preform semi-finished product 8 of extrusion are annealed 5 hours at a temperature of Tg, then slowly drop
It warms to room temperature to get to the single mode sulphur system ellipse core polarization-preserving fiber preform of embodiment 1.The oval core polarization maintaining optical fibre of extrusion is pre-
Stick processed is placed on microscopically observation, it can be seen that the ovality of fibre core and the ovality of the extruded hole on corresponding extrusion die are basic
Unanimously, and As40S30Se30Fibre core and As38S62Snugly closely, fibre core-clad interface is clear, complete, does not deposit for covering
In the problem of fibre core-clad interface difference of prefabricated rods prepared by conventional method, therefore the oval core for the embodiment 1 being prepared is protected
Inclined preform has higher dimensional accuracy.Squeeze the oval core polarization-preserving fiber preform for the embodiment 1 being prepared
End view drawing is shown in Fig. 4.In Fig. 4,81 be glass of fiber core, and 82 be cladding glass.
Embodiment 2：With As40S60As glass of fiber core material, with As39Se61As cladding glass material, extruding is prepared into
The oval core polarization-preserving fiber preform that fibre core ovality is about 3, extruding production include the following steps：
（1）Prepare the extrusion cylinder 1 of a upper opening, the bottom wall of extrusion cylinder 1 offers extrusion mouth 11；Prepare an extrusion head 2,
The outer diameter of extrusion head 2 is adapted with the internal diameter of extrusion cylinder 1, and the bottom of extrusion head 2 is equipped with the cavity 21 of lower openings, cavity 21
Center is provided with the first mandril 31, and the upper end of the first mandril 31 is detachably connected to be fixed on extrusion head 2, the first mandril 31
Bottom surface flushed with the bottom surface of extrusion head 2；Prepare the protection sleeve pipe 4 of a lower openings, the center of the roof of the protection sleeve pipe 4 is opened
Equipped with longitudinal hole 41, the appearance and size of protection sleeve pipe 4 is adapted with cavity 21, and the outer diameter of the first mandril 31 is more than longitudinal hole
41 aperture；Prepare a set of extrusion die, which is made of multiple extrusion dies, opened up in the middle part of each extrusion die there are one
The ovality of the extruded hole of ellipse, the extruded hole on each extrusion die differs, outer diameter and the protection sleeve pipe 4 of each extrusion die
Internal diameter is adapted；Prepare clean through alcohol rinse and drying As40S60Fibre core chalcogenide glass ingot 6 and As39Se61Covering sulphur system glass
Glass ingot 7, As40S60The outer diameter of fibre core chalcogenide glass ingot 6 is adapted with the internal diameter of protection sleeve pipe 4, As39Se61Covering chalcogenide glass ingot
7 outer diameter is adapted with the internal diameter of extrusion cylinder 1；
（2）According to the ovality of the fibre core of oval core polarization-preserving fiber preform to be prepared（e=3）, from a set of extrusion die 5
In pick out extruded hole 51 ovality be 3 an extrusion die 5；
（3）First by As39Se61Covering chalcogenide glass ingot 7 is put into the bottom of extrusion cylinder 1, then by As40S60Fibre core sulphur system glass
Glass ingot 6 and the extrusion die 5 selected are put into protection sleeve pipe 4, and make As40S60Fibre core chalcogenide glass ingot 6 overlays the extrusion die 5
Top, then by protection sleeve pipe 4 together with As40S60Fibre core chalcogenide glass ingot 6 and extrusion die 5 are placed on As together39Se61Covering sulphur
Be finally to be put into togerther extrusion head 2 in extrusion cylinder 1 together with the first mandril 31 on glass ingot 7, make the bottom surface of the first mandril 31 with
The top surface of protection sleeve pipe 4 contacts, and in the extruded hole 51 and extrusion mouth 11 on the first mandril 31, longitudinal hole 41, extrusion die 5
The heart is on the same line；
（4）Extrusion cylinder 1 is heated, the temperature for being heated to extrusion cylinder 1 reaches T, and the temperature T of extrusion cylinder 1 meets：Tg<T
<Tx, wherein Tg values are in As40S60Fibre core chalcogenide glass and As39Se61In the transition temperature of both glass of covering chalcogenide glass
Higher value, Tx values are in As40S60Fibre core chalcogenide glass and As39Se61In the recrystallization temperature of both glass of covering chalcogenide glass
Smaller value, specifically the temperature T of extrusion cylinder 1 is controlled at 200 DEG C<T<210 DEG C, the As after heating in extrusion cylinder 140S60It is fine
Core chalcogenide glass ingot 6 and As39Se61Covering chalcogenide glass ingot 7 is by thermal softening；To the top pressure of extrusion head 2, the first stage squeezes
The beginning is pressed off, status diagram is shown in Fig. 1 in extrusion cylinder before first stage extruding starts, and passes through the first mandril 31 and pushes protection sleeve pipe 4
Together with As40S60Fibre core chalcogenide glass ingot 6 and extrusion die 5 squeeze into As together39Se61In covering chalcogenide glass ingot 7, make extrusion die 5
Bottom surface and As39Se61The bottom surface of covering chalcogenide glass ingot 7 flushes, and first stage extruding at this time terminates, and state is illustrated in extrusion cylinder
Figure is shown in Fig. 2；
（5）It keeps the temperature T of extrusion cylinder 1 constant, takes out extrusion head 2, dismantle the first mandril 31, it will be with the first mandril 31 etc.
The second long mandril 32 is assemblied on extrusion head 2, and the outer diameter of the second mandril 32 is less than the aperture of longitudinal hole 41, then will be squeezed
First 2 are put into togerther together with the second mandril 32 in extrusion cylinder 1, and the bottom surface of the second mandril 32 is made to be flushed with the top surface of protection sleeve pipe 4, then
The secondary top to extrusion head 2 presses, and second stage extruding starts, and the bottom end of the second mandril 32 is made to be stretched into across longitudinal hole 41
As40S60In fibre core chalcogenide glass ingot 6, by As40S60Fibre core chalcogenide glass is squeezed out from the extruded hole 51 on extrusion die 5, finally will
As40S60Fibre core chalcogenide glass and As39Se61Covering chalcogenide glass squeezes out together from extrusion mouth 11, which is oval core
The semi-finished product 8 of polarization-preserving fiber preform synchronize traction, second-order while extrusion using haulage gear to the semi-finished product 8
Section, which squeezes, to be terminated, and status diagram is shown in Fig. 3 in extrusion cylinder at the end of second stage squeezes；
（6）After the oval core polarization-preserving fiber preform semi-finished product 8 of extrusion are annealed 6 hours at a temperature of Tg, then slowly drop
It warms to room temperature to get to the single mode sulphur system ellipse core polarization-preserving fiber preform of embodiment 2.The oval core polarization maintaining optical fibre of extrusion is pre-
Stick processed is placed on microscopically observation, it can be seen that the ovality of the ovality of fibre core and the extruded hole 51 on corresponding extrusion die 5
It is almost the same, and fibre core and As39Se61Snugly closely, fibre core-clad interface is clear, complete, and there is no pass for covering
The problem of fibre core-clad interface difference of prefabricated rods prepared by system method, therefore the oval core polarization-maintaining light for the embodiment 2 being prepared
Fine prefabricated rods have higher dimensional accuracy.Squeeze the end face of the oval core polarization-preserving fiber preform for the embodiment 2 being prepared
Figure is shown in Fig. 4.In Fig. 4,81 be glass of fiber core, and 82 be cladding glass.
Claims (3)
1. the extruding production of the arbitrary adjustable oval core polarization-preserving fiber preform of ovality, it is characterised in that including following step
Suddenly：
（1）Prepare the extrusion cylinder of a upper opening, the bottom wall of the extrusion cylinder offers extrusion mouth；Prepare an extrusion head, institute
The outer diameter for the extrusion head stated is adapted with the internal diameter of the extrusion cylinder, and the bottom of the extrusion head is equipped with the sky of lower openings
The center of chamber, the cavity is provided with the first mandril, and the upper end of first mandril is detachably connected to be fixed on institute
On the extrusion head stated, the bottom surface of first mandril is flushed with the bottom surface of the extrusion head；Prepare the guarantor of a lower openings
Protecting pipe, the center of the roof of the protection sleeve pipe offer longitudinal hole, the appearance and size of the protection sleeve pipe with it is described
Cavity is adapted, and the outer diameter of first mandril is more than the aperture of the longitudinal hole；Prepare a set of extrusion die, which squeezes
Pressing mold is made of multiple extrusion dies, opens up that there are one the extruded holes of ellipse in the middle part of the extrusion die, each described
Extrusion die on the ovality of extruded hole differ, the internal diameter phase of the outer diameter and the protection sleeve pipe of each extrusion die
Adaptation；Prepare through alcohol rinse is clean and dries a fibre core chalcogenide glass ingot and a covering chalcogenide glass ingot, and fibre core sulphur system
The linear refractive index of glass be more than covering chalcogenide glass linear refractive index, the outer diameter of the fibre core chalcogenide glass ingot with it is described
The internal diameter of protection sleeve pipe be adapted, the outer diameter of the covering chalcogenide glass ingot is adapted with the internal diameter of the extrusion cylinder；
（2）According to the ovality of the fibre core of oval core polarization-preserving fiber preform to be prepared, chosen from a set of extrusion die
Select the extrusion die that the ovality of extruded hole matches；
（3）The covering chalcogenide glass ingot is first put into the bottom of the extrusion cylinder, then by the fibre core sulphur system glass
Glass ingot and the extrusion die selected are put into the protection sleeve pipe, and the fibre core chalcogenide glass ingot is made to overlay the extrusion die
Top, then the protection sleeve pipe is placed on the covering sulphur system glass together with fibre core chalcogenide glass ingot and extrusion die
On glass ingot, finally the extrusion head is put into togerther together with first mandril in the extrusion cylinder, makes described the
The bottom surface of one mandril is contacted with the top surface of the protection sleeve pipe, and squeezing on first mandril, longitudinal hole, extrusion die
Press hole and the center of extrusion mouth on the same line；
（4）The extrusion cylinder is heated, the temperature for being heated to extrusion cylinder reaches T, and the temperature T of extrusion cylinder meets：Tg<T<
Tx, wherein higher value of the Tg values in the transition temperature of both glass of fibre core chalcogenide glass and covering chalcogenide glass, Tx take
The smaller value being worth in the recrystallization temperature of both glass of fibre core chalcogenide glass and covering chalcogenide glass, after heating in extrusion cylinder
Fibre core chalcogenide glass ingot and covering chalcogenide glass ingot are by thermal softening；To the top of extrusion head pressure, pass through described the
One mandril pushes the protection sleeve pipe to squeeze into the covering chalcogenide glass together with fibre core chalcogenide glass ingot and extrusion die
In ingot, the bottom surface of the extrusion die is made to be flushed with the bottom surface of the covering chalcogenide glass ingot；
（5）It keeps the temperature T of extrusion cylinder constant, takes out the extrusion head, dismantle first mandril, it will be with described the
The second isometric mandril of one mandril is assemblied on the extrusion head, and the outer diameter of second mandril is logical less than the longitudinal direction
Then extrusion head is put into togerther together with second mandril in the extrusion cylinder, described second is made to push up by the aperture in hole
The bottom surface of bar is flushed with the top surface of the protection sleeve pipe, is pressed again to the top of the extrusion head, is made described second
The bottom end of mandril passes through the longitudinal hole to stretch into the fibre core chalcogenide glass ingot, by fibre core chalcogenide glass from described
Extruded hole on extrusion die squeezes out, and finally squeezes out fibre core chalcogenide glass together with the extrusion mouth with covering chalcogenide glass,
The extrusion product is the semi-finished product of oval core polarization-preserving fiber preform, while extrusion using haulage gear to the semi-finished product into
Row sync pulling；
（6）After the oval core polarization-preserving fiber preform semi-finished product of extrusion are annealed 4-6 hours at a temperature of the Tg, then slowly
Room temperature is cooled to get to single mode sulphur system ellipse core polarization-preserving fiber preform.
2. the extruding production of the arbitrary adjustable oval core polarization-preserving fiber preform of ovality according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that step（4）And step（5）In extrusion process carried out in vacuum chamber, squeeze before using vacuum pump to the vacuum
Chamber vacuumizes, when the vacuum degree in vacuum chamber is less than 10-2When Pa, nitrogen or inert gas are supplemented into vacuum chamber, makes vacuum chamber
Interior air pressure is identical as external atmosphere pressure.
3. the extruding production of the arbitrary adjustable oval core polarization-preserving fiber preform of ovality according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that the value range of the ovality e of extruded hole on each extrusion die is 0 ＜ e ＜ ∞.
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| CN107901373A (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2018-04-13 | 李立峰 | The production technology and production control system of a kind of nylon rod bar |
| CN107601843B (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2023-08-18 | 通鼎互联信息股份有限公司 | Sleeve rod wire drawing device, sleeve rod wire drawing system and sleeve rod wire drawing method |
| CN110015843B (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2021-08-24 | 宁波大学 | Core-drawing extrusion preparation method of optical fiber preform |
| US11912606B2 (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2024-02-27 | The Government Of The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Infrared-transmitting, polarization-maintaining optical fiber and method for making |
| CN111892291B (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2022-12-23 | 宁波大学 | Extrusion preparation method of all-solid-state photonic crystal fiber preform |
| CN112939444A (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2021-06-11 | 宁波大学 | Extrusion preparation method of high polarization-maintaining microstructure optical fiber preform |
| CN113433610A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-09-24 | 艾菲博(宁波)光电科技有限责任公司 | Hollow polarization maintaining optical fiber |
| CN114751638B (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-10-28 | 武汉长进激光技术有限公司 | Panda type elliptical core few-mode erbium-doped optical fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN115464340A (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2022-12-13 | 上海联擎动力技术有限公司 | Electrode manufacturing method for processing oval deep hole |
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| CN103466933B (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2015-10-28 | 宁波大学 | Superposition method extrudes squeezing device and the method for chalcogenide glass fiber prefabricated rods |
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