CN105915090B - The more level current converters of mixed type moduleization suitable for low-frequency operation and its control method - Google Patents
The more level current converters of mixed type moduleization suitable for low-frequency operation and its control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105915090B CN105915090B CN201610255806.4A CN201610255806A CN105915090B CN 105915090 B CN105915090 B CN 105915090B CN 201610255806 A CN201610255806 A CN 201610255806A CN 105915090 B CN105915090 B CN 105915090B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
- H02M7/49—Combination of the output voltage waveforms of a plurality of converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
- H02M1/34—Snubber circuits
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Abstract
Suitable for the mixed type module multilevel converter and its control method of low-frequency operation, belong to field of power electronics.Existing voltage fluctuation of capacitor when in order to solve the problems, such as MMC low-frequency operations.The current converter includes tandem tap, buffer circuit, earthed circuit and modularization multi-level converter；The tandem tap is connected between DC bus and the DC side of modularization multi-level converter, and buffer circuit is connected in parallel on the DC side of modularization multi-level converter with earthed circuit respectively；Modularization multi-level converter is made of three-phase circuit, includes upper and lower two bridge arms per one-phase circuit, and each bridge arm is connected in series by an inductor L and the identical submodule SM of N number of structure, and each submodule SM includes a half-bridge power unit and a capacitor C.The present invention is used for high-voltage motor frequency control.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of power electronics, and in particular to a kind of more level of mixed type moduleization suitable for low-frequency operation
Transverter and its control method.
Background technology
Modularization multi-level converter (modular multilevel converter, MMC) is as a kind of novel height
High-power power converter technique is pressed, has obtained widely answering in the fields such as flexible DC power transmission and power quality controlling in recent years
With.At the same time, can people also begin to research apply MMC in high-voltage motor frequency control field.Because compared to tradition
Cascade H bridge type frequency converter, MMC not only remains its most of advantage (such as the output of high efficiency, voltage with multiple levels, modularization
Structure, installation maintenance be easy), it is often more important that, it can save in cascaded H-bridges frequency converter it is with high costs, volume is heavy, loss is tight
The phase-shifting transformer of weight, can directly be powered by common DC bus.This so that overall system architecture is flexibly simple, and extension is held
Easily, voltage/power grade of application is no longer restricted.
But the bottleneck problem that current MMC faces in high-voltage motor frequency control application, i.e., in each submodule
It is required for using a large amount of capacitor as power support component, to ensure the fluctuation of MMC its capacitance voltage in full-load run
Without departing from allowable range.And with the reduction of motor speed, the fluctuation of the capacitance voltage will become bigger.To be dragged as MMC
When the big torque low speed of motor is run, the capacitor of very high capacity don't fail to be used, cause transverter expensive, bulky.
Therefore, how to reduce the capacity of capacitor needed for MMC becomes and restricts modularization multi-level converter to reduce cost, enhancing reliable
Property and promote its critical issue applied in high-voltage motor frequency control field.
Voltage fluctuation of capacitor big problem when for MMC low-frequency operations, Ge Qiongxuan's et al.《Modular multi-level converter
The control method of low-frequency operation》(see patent CN201210507664.8), Wang Baoan's et al.《A kind of modular multilevel transformation
The low frequency mode progress control method of device》(see patent CN201310234952.5) and Luo An's et al.《One kind being based on resonance
The modularization multi-level converter low frequency control method of filter circuit》(see patent CN201410189491.9), is referred to respectively
Corresponding voltage fluctuation of capacitor suppressing method, essential idea be all rely in MMC output voltages to inject common-mode voltage, while
The circulation that identical frequency is introduced in bridge arm current, makes to form new Power Exchange approach between MMC upper and lower bridge arms, enables capacitor can
Charge and discharge are carried out with higher frequency, then reduce the fluctuation of capacitance voltage.However these methods have two serious asks
Topic：First, the very big common-mode voltage of amplitude can be applied to motor, seriously threatens the insulation safety of motor and shaft current can be brought
Problem influences electrical machinery life；Another problem is the amplitude that the circulation injected in bridge arm will increase bridge arm current, increases the damage of MMC
Consumption, the cost for increasing cooling system, while also having to select the semiconductor devices of current capacity bigger, cost is significantly increased.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem of existing voltage fluctuation of capacitor, the present invention carries when MMC low-frequency operations
For a kind of more level current converters of mixed type moduleization suitable for low-frequency operation and its control method.
The more level current converters of the mixed type moduleization suitable for low-frequency operation of the present invention, the current converter include string
Join switch, buffer circuit, earthed circuit and modularization multi-level converter；
The tandem tap is connected between DC bus and the DC side of modularization multi-level converter, buffer circuit with
Earthed circuit is connected in parallel on the DC side of modularization multi-level converter respectively；
Modularization multi-level converter is made of three-phase circuit, includes upper and lower two bridge arms, each bridge arm per one-phase circuit
It is connected in series by an inductor L and the identical submodule SM of N number of structure, each submodule SM includes a half-bridge power unit
With a capacitor C.
Tandem tap is realized using all-controlling power electronics device.
Tandem tap is insulated gate bipolar transistor or integrated gate commutated thyristor or gate level turn-off thyristor.
Tandem tap is realized using half control type power electronic devices.
The buffer circuit is by resistance RSWith capacitance CSIt is in series.
The earthed circuit is by ground resistance Rg1With ground resistance Rg2Series connection, and obtain earth point.
Described method includes following steps：
Step 1：The capacitance voltage of each submodule in detection module multilevel converter calculates its average value Uavg,
And by the average value and given voltage Udc/ N compares, and difference is sent into the first pi regulator, the output classical prescription of the first pi regulator
Wave producer obtains the duty cycle signals that duty ratio is D；
U in formuladcFor DC bus-bar voltage, N is the submodule for including in each bridge arm in modularization multi-level converter
Number；
Step 2：The duty cycle signals that step 1 obtains are acted on tandem tap, control tandem tap open or
Shutdown；
Step 3：Calculate separately capacitance voltage average value of the modularization multi-level converter per one-phase circuit Neutron module
Uavg_jBy with total capacitance voltage average value UavgCompare, difference is sent into the second pi regulator, the output of the second pi regulator
With Idc(rated)/ β is added, and obtains the given amplitude I of each bridge arm circulationcj；
Wherein j indicates the phase in A, B and C three-phase, Idc(rated)For modularization multi-level converter rated power operation when
DC bus current size；
Step 4：The I that step 3 is obtainedcjIt is multiplied with the duty cycle signals that step 1 obtains, obtains final circulation control
System instruction icj *, and by icj *The circulation i obtained with detectioncjCompare, difference obtains voltage control signal through third pi regulator
ucj；
Step 5：By ucjWith voltage bias signal UoffsetAfter addition, then it is individually subtracted and adds ac output voltage signal
uo_j, obtain the reference signal u of bridge arm voltageref_ujWith the reference signal u of lower bridge arm voltageref_lj；
Wherein voltage bias signal UoffsetIt is calculated by following formula：
And UoIndicate output AC voltage uo_jAmplitude；
Step 6：Finally by uref_ujWith uref_ljIt is modulated through phase-shifting carrier wave, obtains the drive signal of each submodule, control phase
Answer submodule switching device in the block.
The effect of the first pi regulator is the energy balance for ensureing that modularization multi-level converter is total in the step 1.
The effect of the second pi regulator is in the three-phase circuit for ensure modularization multi-level converter in the step 3
Energy is mutually balanced.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are, the present invention proposes a kind of more level topological structures of mixed type moduleization, and
Corresponding operation control method, voltage fluctuation of capacitor is greatly reduced.Compared to other existing schemes, present invention can ensure that bridge arm
Current amplitude avoids increase loss, without the semiconductor devices of capacity bigger within rated current.It is prior
It is that the present invention will not cause common-mode voltage to motor, strong has promoted MMC answering in high-voltage motor frequency control field
With.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the more level current converters of mixed type moduleization of the first connection type of tandem tap in specific implementation mode
Principle schematic；
Fig. 2 is the more level current converters of mixed type moduleization of tandem tap Second Linking Method form in specific implementation mode
Principle schematic；
Fig. 3 is the more level current converters of mixed type moduleization of the third connection type of tandem tap in specific implementation mode
Principle schematic；
Fig. 4 is the tandem tap based on IGBT in specific implementation mode；
Fig. 5 is the tandem tap based on thyristor in specific implementation mode；
Fig. 6 is that the cascade tandem taps of IGBT are based in specific implementation mode；
Fig. 7 is that the cascade tandem tap of thyristor is based in specific implementation mode；
Fig. 8 is the principle schematic of modularization multi-level converter in specific implementation mode；
Fig. 9 is the principle schematic of control method in specific implementation mode；
Figure 10 is example waveform figure when specific implementation mode is operated in rated frequency 50Hz；
Figure 11 is example waveform figure when specific implementation mode is operated in low frequency 2Hz；
Figure 12 is the drive signal of tandem tap and electric current example waveform figure in specific implementation mode.
Figure 13 is motor common-mode voltage example waveform figure in specific implementation mode.
Specific implementation mode
Specific implementation mode one：Embodiment is described with reference to Fig. 1, is suitable for low-frequency operation described in present embodiment
The more level current converters of mixed type moduleization and its control method, principle as shown in Figure 1, the current converter include tandem tap,
Buffer circuit, earthed circuit and modularization multi-level converter；
The tandem tap is connected between DC bus and the DC side of modularization multi-level converter, buffer circuit with
Earthed circuit is connected in parallel on the DC side of modularization multi-level converter respectively；
Modularization multi-level converter is made of three-phase circuit, includes upper and lower two bridge arms, each bridge arm per one-phase circuit
It is connected in series by an inductor L and the identical submodule SM of N number of structure, each submodule SM includes a half-bridge power unit
With a capacitor C.
Tandem tap can have other connection types,.
All-controlling power electronics device, such as insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT may be used in tandem tap, such as Fig. 4 institutes
Show, integrated gate commutated thyristor IGCT or gate level turn-off thyristor GTO or half control type power electronic devices are such as brilliant
Brake tube, as shown in Figure 5.The cascade of semiconductor devices can also be used, as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7.
The tandem tap of present embodiment may be used also in addition to being connected between DC bus and modularization multi-level converter
To be integrated in input rectification circuit.
Buffer circuit is by resistance RSWith capacitance CSIt is in series.
Earthed circuit is by ground resistance Rg1With ground resistance Rg2Series connection, and obtain earth point
The structure of modularization multi-level converter includes upper and lower two per circuitry phase as shown in figure 8, including three-phase circuit
Bridge wall, totally six, upper bridge arm includes an inductor L and modules A rmuj, lower bridge arm includes an inductor L and modules A rmwj,
J=A, B, C indicate three-phase circuit；
Modules A rmujOr modules A rmwjBy the identical submodule SM of N number of structurenIt stacks, n=1 ... N；Each submodule
Block SMnIncluding two IGBT (S1With S2) and a capacitor；
Present embodiment also provides a kind of control of the more level current converters of the mixed type moduleization suitable for low-frequency operation
Method, as shown in figure 9, being as follows：
Step 1：The capacitance voltage of each submodule in detection module multilevel converter calculates its average value Uavg,
And by the average value and given voltage Udc/ N compares, and difference is sent into the first pi regulator, the output classical prescription of the first pi regulator
Wave producer obtains the duty cycle signals that duty ratio is D；
U in formuladcFor DC bus-bar voltage, N is the submodule for including in each bridge arm in modularization multi-level converter
Number；
Step 2：The duty cycle signals that step 1 obtains are acted on tandem tap, control tandem tap open or
Shutdown；
Step 3：Calculate separately capacitance voltage average value of the modularization multi-level converter per one-phase circuit Neutron module
Uavg_jBy with total capacitance voltage average value UavgCompare, difference is sent into the second pi regulator, the output of the second pi regulator
With Idc(rated)/ 3 are added, and obtain the given amplitude I of each bridge arm circulationcj；
Wherein j indicates the phase in A, B and C three-phase, Idc(rated)For modularization multi-level converter rated power operation when
DC bus current size；
Step 4：The I that step 3 is obtainedcjIt is multiplied with the duty cycle signals that step 1 obtains, obtains final circulation control
System instruction icj *, and by icj *The circulation i obtained with detectioncjCompare, difference obtains voltage control signal through third pi regulator
ucj；
Step 5：By ucjWith voltage bias signal UoffsetAfter addition, then it is individually subtracted and adds ac output voltage signal
uo_j, obtain the reference signal u of bridge arm voltageref_ujWith the reference signal u of lower bridge arm voltageref_lj；
Wherein voltage bias signal UoffsetIt is calculated by following formula：
And UoIndicate output AC voltage uo_jAmplitude；
Step 6：Finally by uref_ujWith uref_ljIt is modulated through phase-shifting carrier wave, obtains the drive signal of each submodule, control phase
Answer submodule switching device in the block.
The effect of the first pi regulator is the energy balance for ensureing that modularization multi-level converter is total in step 1.
The effect of the second pi regulator is the energy in the three-phase circuit for ensure modularization multi-level converter in step 3
It is mutually balanced.
Figure 10~13 are the experiment effect obtained using the more level current converters of above-mentioned mixed type moduleization and control method
Figure, wherein DC bus-bar voltage Udc=6kV, submodule number N=6, submodule capacitance 10mF, bridge arm inductance 1mH, tandem tap
Using IGBT.Figure 10 show waveform when being operated in rated frequency 50Hz, and voltage fluctuation of capacitor peak-to-peak value is 40V at this time.Figure
11~13 are operated in waveform when low frequency 2Hz, and voltage fluctuation of capacitor peak-to-peak value is about 200V as seen from Figure 11 at this time, only than low
It increases by 500 when frequency, still within the allowable range, transverter can steady normal operation for voltage fluctuation of capacitor.Figure 12 show series connection
The current waveform and drive signal of switch IGBT, it is seen that tandem tap realizes Zero Current Switch, helps to reduce being lost.Figure 13
It show the common-mode voltage of motor side, it is seen that common-mode voltage is limited within 300V, ensure that insulation safety and the use of motor
Service life.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of control method of the more level current converters of mixed type moduleization suitable for low-frequency operation, the current converter packet
Include tandem tap, buffer circuit, earthed circuit and modularization multi-level converter；
The tandem tap is connected between DC bus and the DC side of modularization multi-level converter, buffer circuit and ground connection
Circuit is connected in parallel on the DC side of modularization multi-level converter respectively；
Modularization multi-level converter is made of three-phase circuit, includes upper and lower two bridge arms per one-phase circuit, each bridge arm is by one
A inductor L and the identical submodule SM of N number of structure are connected in series, and each submodule SM includes a half-bridge power unit and one
A capacitor C；
It is characterized in that, described method includes following steps：
Step 1：The capacitance voltage of each submodule in detection module multilevel converter calculates its average value Uavg, and will
The average value and given voltage Udc/ N compares, and difference is sent into the first pi regulator, and the output of the first pi regulator is sent out through square wave
Raw device obtains the duty cycle signals that duty ratio is D；
U in formuladcFor DC bus-bar voltage, N is the submodule number for including in each bridge arm in modularization multi-level converter；
Step 2：The duty cycle signals that step 1 obtains are acted on tandem tap, being switched on or off for tandem tap is controlled；
Step 3：Calculate separately capacitance voltage average value U of the modularization multi-level converter per one-phase circuit Neutron moduleavg_jIt will
With total capacitance voltage average value UavgCompare, difference be sent into the second pi regulator in, the output of the second pi regulator with
Idc(rated)/ 3 are added, and obtain the given amplitude I of each bridge arm circulationcj；
Wherein j indicates the phase in A, B and C three-phase, Idc(rated)For modularization multi-level converter rated power operation when direct current
Bus current size；
Step 4：The I that step 3 is obtainedcjIt is multiplied with the duty cycle signals that step 1 obtains, obtains final circulation control and refer to
Enable icj *, and by icj *The circulation i obtained with detectioncjCompare, difference obtains voltage control signal u through third pi regulatorcj；
Step 5：By ucjWith voltage bias signal UoffsetAfter addition, then it is individually subtracted and adds ac output voltage signal uo_j,
Obtain the reference signal u of bridge arm voltageref_ujWith the reference signal u of lower bridge arm voltageref_lj；
Wherein voltage bias signal UoffsetIt is calculated by following formula：
And UoIndicate output AC voltage uo_jAmplitude；
Step 6：Finally by uref_ujWith uref_ljIt is modulated through phase-shifting carrier wave, obtains the drive signal of each submodule, control corresponding son
Mould switching device in the block.
2. the controlling party of the more level current converters of the mixed type moduleization according to claim 1 suitable for low-frequency operation
Method, which is characterized in that tandem tap is realized using all-controlling power electronics device.
3. the controlling party of the more level current converters of the mixed type moduleization according to claim 2 suitable for low-frequency operation
Method, which is characterized in that tandem tap is that insulated gate bipolar transistor or integrated gate commutated thyristor or gate electrode capable of switching off are brilliant
Brake tube.
4. the controlling party of the more level current converters of the mixed type moduleization according to claim 1 suitable for low-frequency operation
Method, which is characterized in that tandem tap is realized using half control type power electronic devices.
5. the controlling party of the more level current converters of the mixed type moduleization according to claim 1 suitable for low-frequency operation
Method, which is characterized in that the buffer circuit is by resistance RSWith capacitance CSIt is in series.
6. being suitable for the control of the more level current converters of mixed type moduleization of low-frequency operation according to claim 1 or 5
Method, which is characterized in that the earthed circuit is by ground resistance Rg1With ground resistance Rg2Series connection, and obtain earth point.
7. the controlling party of the more level current converters of the mixed type moduleization according to claim 1 suitable for low-frequency operation
Method, which is characterized in that the effect of the first pi regulator is the energy for ensureing that modularization multi-level converter is total in the step 1
Balance.
8. the controlling party of the more level current converters of the mixed type moduleization according to claim 1 suitable for low-frequency operation
Method, which is characterized in that the effect of the second pi regulator is to ensure the three-phase electricity of modularization multi-level converter in the step 3
Energy in road is mutually balanced.
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| CN107276107B (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2019-12-03 | 上海电力学院 | Low frequency model forecast Control Algorithm based on mixed type module multilevel converter |
| CN108599583B (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2023-09-29 | 西南交通大学 | General flexible energy management system based on modularized multi-level converter |
| CN109474187A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2019-03-15 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of modular multilevel four-quadrant frequency converter and its control method |
| CN110261709B (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2024-02-27 | 国家电网有限公司 | Detection device and method for modularized multi-level converter submodule |
| CN110460229B (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2021-01-12 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Modular multilevel frequency converter starting circuit and starting and low-speed operation method thereof |
| CN111541370B (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2022-12-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Flexible direct current transmission DC/DC converter for true and false bipolar interconnection |
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