CN105906319A - Method for preparing ceramsite by using river mud - Google Patents
Method for preparing ceramsite by using river mud Download PDFInfo
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- CN105906319A CN105906319A CN201610255143.6A CN201610255143A CN105906319A CN 105906319 A CN105906319 A CN 105906319A CN 201610255143 A CN201610255143 A CN 201610255143A CN 105906319 A CN105906319 A CN 105906319A
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- haydite
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- MKYBYDHXWVHEJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[1-oxo-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propan-2-yl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(C(C)NC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 MKYBYDHXWVHEJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/1321—Waste slurries, e.g. harbour sludge, industrial muds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/1315—Non-ceramic binders
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/135—Combustion residues, e.g. fly ash, incineration waste
- C04B33/1352—Fuel ashes, e.g. fly ash
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
- C04B35/636—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
- C04B35/6365—Cellulose or derivatives thereof
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
- E02F5/28—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for cleaning watercourses or other ways
- E02F5/282—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for cleaning watercourses or other ways with rotating cutting or digging tools
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
- C04B2235/3208—Calcium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. lime
- C04B2235/3212—Calcium phosphates, e.g. hydroxyapatite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing ceramsite by using river mud. The method comprises the following steps: 1, collecting the mud by using a river mud dredging device; 2, mixing the mud with an auxiliary material to obtain a mixture; 3, carrying out granulation molding on the mixture to obtain pellets I; 4, carrying out gradient preheating on the pellets I to obtain pellets II; 5, roasting the pellets II to obtain pellets III; and 6, cooling the pellets III to obtain the ceramsite. The method adopting integral use of the specific mud dredging device, operating steps and/or parameters allows the ceramsite with good performances to be obtained, and has good application prospect and industrial production potential in the fields of environment treatment and solid waste reuse.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method of a kind of haydite, more particularly it relates to a kind of method using riverway sludge to prepare haydite, belong to environmental improvement and pollutant reutilization technology field.
Background technology
During river regulation, people the most only pay attention to desilting, revetment, afforest and cut engineering on the faces such as dirt, the most often ignore and ignore reparation and/or the recycling of riverway sludge (i.e. bed mud).
In the forming process of water pollution, pollutant pass through atmospheric sedimentation, discharge of wastewater, rain in washing away entrance water body, finally it is deposited in mud and is progressively enriched with, make mud heavily contaminated, last mud summarizes substantial amounts of pollutant, the most often the nutrient such as enriched in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and various heavy and hardly degraded organic substance, and these materials are very easy to discharge in entrance water body, thus have a strong impact on the water quality of overlying water, formed and pollute.
And in China, water transport river course is numerous, rivers and lakes are intensive, thus define substantial amounts of mud under these water bodys.And for the cleaning in river course, often the mud cleaned out is stacked temporarily, or bury, on the one hand this fail to solve problem at all, causes secondary pollution on the contrary.Another aspect, fails to carry out Appropriate application for mud, it is impossible to realize recycling of solid waste.
Therefore, how reasonably to develop riverway sludge, utilize, be the problem demanding prompt solution in current field of environment protection and problem, this is one of the study hotspot in this field current and emphasis.
Haydite, owing to having, multiple excellent properties such as density is low, intensity is high, porosity is high, thus it is in an increasingly wide range of applications, can be widely applied to the numerous areas such as petrochemical industry, building, refractory material, soil improvement, gardens, fertilizer, and it is contemplated that along with the further further investigation to its performance, its range of application will continue to expand.
Being based on so considering, people have carried out substantial amounts of further investigation to the method using mud to prepare haydite, and achieve many achievements, such as:
CN1149038A discloses a kind of mud ceramic granules and production method thereof, the mud of described method Yi He, lake, the pool, pond, ditch, canal, reservoir, bay etc. is major ingredient, finished product is can be prepared by through additive, the waste mineral oil dregs of fat, colliery powder mixing → pulverizing → stirring → pelletize → roasting → screenings such as dehydration → drying → additional soda, obtained mud ceramic granules property indices all meets or exceeds leca standard GB/T 2839-81, has good social benefit, economic benefit and environmental benefit.
CN1850713A discloses a kind of haydite and preparation method thereof, it is prepared from by mud and coke raw material, shared by each raw material, mass percent is: mud 60-98, coke 2-40, flyash 0-25, bauxite 0-25, mass percent sum shared by each raw material is 100%, described preparation method is: the pretreatment of raw material, choosing of raw material, molding, be dried, pre-burning, roasting, obtain product.Have a large amount of cellular pore inside the super-light sludge ceramic granules prepared, intensity is higher, water absorption rate is high, and the method by reuse of dredging, and can solve secondary pollution problem.
CN101148349A discloses the prebaking technique of a kind of mud ceramic granules production and comprises the steps: 1) prepare revolution steel cage: revolution steel cage is made up of swivel mount (1), steel cage (2), rotary drive mechanism；2) revolution steel cage is placed in the afterbody of haydite calcination rotary kiln, and the produced hot exhaust gas that ventilated by rotary kiln is imported by steel cage (2) low port in the cavity passage of steel cage (2)；Starting the rotary driving machine of revolution steel cage, rotary driving machine drives swivel mount (1) to rotate, and drives steel cage (2) to rotate；Treat that the haydite raw material ball of prebake enters the cavity passage of steel cage (2) from the high port of steel cage (2), it is fully contacted with the hot exhaust gas imported by steel cage (2) low port when haydite raw material ball overturns in the cavity passage of steel cage (2), thus dries rapidly moisture；Haydite raw material ball after drying is discharged from steel cage (2) low port.
CN101343172A discloses a kind of light ceramic with bottom silt as raw material and preparation method thereof, and described method includes: bottom silt and calcium carbonate powder is mixed, stirs, and obtains bottom silt and Paris white material mixture；Use and squeeze grain machine by bottom silt and Paris white material mixture pelletize; mixture pellet is put into rotary kiln roasting 120-180 minute at 250-290 DEG C; proceed to the little kiln of rotary kiln again; roasting 60-120 minute at 400-800 DEG C, finally proceeds to rotary kiln Dayao, expanded 70-120 minute of roasting at 900-1250 DEG C by pellet; product is i.e. obtained after cooling; in cellular middle framing structure inside it, top layer is red enamel, has the advantages such as high-strength, antidetonation.
CN101585714A discloses a kind of fully utilized biological sludge and the method for mud making haydite, the method comprises the following steps: a, batch mixing: after biological sludge and mud portion being dehydrated, putting in proportion and carry out abundant batch mixing in blender, mixing time is 5-20 minute；B, pelletize: the biological sludge after above-mentioned batch mixing and mud are crushed, the broken time is 1-5 minute, carries out pelletize, granulation time 5-20 minute after crushing, and after pelletize, the particle diameter of particulate material is 1-20mm；C, burn swollen: particulate material after above-mentioned pelletize is put in rotary kiln and preheats, preheating temperature be 200-500 DEG C, preheating time is 10-30 minute；Carry out burning swollen after preheating, burn swollen temperature and be 1000-1300 DEG C, burn 5-20 minute swollen time；Burn swollen after cool down after 1-30 minute under conditions of temperature is about 50-200 DEG C and obtain haydite finished product.
CN101624293A discloses a kind of method utilizing mud and municipal refuse to make haydite, and the method is to take the mud or mud 40-60 part, municipal refuse 15-25 part, shale 90-110 part that water content is 50-70% by weight；With mud mix and blend after first shale, municipal refuse being pulverized, then spherolitic raw material it is fabricated to, spherolitic raw material is carried out at a temperature of 380-420 DEG C the drying of 10-30 minute expanded after, come out of the stove after again it being fired 5-10 minute at a temperature of 1050-1150 DEG C, then can be prepared by haydite finished product by after natural cooling.Described method not only has that production cost is low, technique simple, need not the clay advantage as raw material, but also the advantage with environmental pollution of turning waste into wealth, reduce.
CN101613219A discloses a kind of method utilizing mud and cattle manure to make haydite, and the method takes mud that water content is 50-70% or mud 40-60 part by weight, water content is 50-70% cattle manure 15-25 part, shale 90-110 part；Compound is obtained with mud and cattle manure mix and blend again after first being pulverized by shale, then compound is fabricated to spherolitic raw material, by spherolitic raw material after carrying out the drying expanding treatment of 10-30 minute at a temperature of 380-420 DEG C, come out of the stove after again it being fired 5-10 minute at a temperature of 1050-1150 DEG C, then can be prepared by haydite finished product by after natural cooling.Described method not only has that production cost is low, technique simple, need not the clay advantage as raw material, but also the advantage with environmental pollution of turning waste into wealth, reduce.
CN101898899A discloses a kind of sewage treatment sludge and produces the formula and processing technology of expanded ceramsite, and described formula is: flux material 1.5-2.5, becomes pottery material 5-15, and industrial standard coal 5-10 water content is by weight at 45-55% mummification mud 7-9；Described production technology is: material of fluxing, become pottery material, industrial standard coal and the uniform mix of mummification mud → grind and secondary uniform stirring → pelletize → drying → and in 1050-1250 degree Celsius of sintering oven, make its autoignition sintered → haydite cooling → haydite sorting, pack out finished product.Described method using sewage treatment sludge as produce expanded ceramsite primary raw material, mud consumption is big, it is substantially reduced the production cost of expanded ceramsite, in the production of expanded ceramsite, skill is simple, without special installation, existing equipment undergoes technological transformation i.e. it is achieved that the sludge treatment for producing in sewage disposal opens up a new approach.
CN102381868A discloses a kind of method utilizing mudflat sludge quickly to prepare haydite.Including: mudflat sludge is delivered in curing reaction device, add the stirring of firming agent component A and carry out primary curing reaction；Add the stirring of firming agent B component and carry out deeply-curing, form primary material；Primary material is proceeded to after pan-pelletizer pelletize in drying at room temperature, then send into calcining kiln after preheating and fire；Haydite cooling after roasting obtains finished product after gradation.The haydite obtained by potting grain method of the present invention has several functions, size specification, easy grating, pressure performance and all other indexs such as high-strength light, insulation, antidetonation fire prevention, protection against the tide, sqouynd absorption lowering noise and meets national standard.Improve mudflat sludge resource utilization rate, it is achieved while mudflat sludge recycling the most simultaneously, decrease the haydite industry demand to natural earth material raw material.
As it has been described above, there is multiple use mud in prior art to the method preparing haydite, but these methods still suffer from certain defect, the most suitably do not process mud and make in mud containing the multiple impurity affecting final products performance；The dredging of mud and collection method are still the most original excavation mode, cause even more serious pollution for water body, and the improvement for follow-up water body brings bigger difficulty, expend the hugest etc..
Therefore, how to realize the cleaning dredging of mud, follow-up preparation has the haydite of premium properties, still suffer from continuing necessity of research, this power place that present invention is accomplished the most just and basis and leaned on.
Summary of the invention
For defect described above and actual demand, the present inventor is through substantial amounts of further investigation, after having paid sufficient creative work, develops the method using riverway sludge to prepare haydite, thus completes the present invention.
Specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of method using riverway sludge to prepare haydite, described method comprises the steps:
S1, use riverway sludge dredger collect mud；
S2, mud is mixed with adjuvant, obtain batch mixing；
S3, batch mixing is carried out granulating and forming, obtain pellet I；
S4, pellet I is carried out gradient preheating, obtain pellet II；
S5, pellet II is carried out roasting, obtain pellet III；
S6, pellet III is cooled down, thus obtain described haydite.
nullIn the described method of the present invention，In order to avoid water body is caused secondary pollution by training of channel process and collection sludge process、Improve dredging and collection efficiency、Go the removal of impurity、Convenient to operate、Only collect and have the mud of severe contamination rather than many considerations such as sandstone for water body and environment，Riverway sludge dredger in step S1 is conducted in-depth research by the present inventor，Thus provide a kind of novel riverway sludge dredger，Described riverway sludge dredger includes the cover body that lower end is uncovered，It is rotatablely equipped with shaft on described cover body，Described shaft one end is stretched in described cover body，There is on described shaft axially extending and run through the material channel at described shaft two ends，It is positioned on the described shaft of described cover body and some stirring vanes are installed，The described shaft stretching out described cover body connects lower drowning pipe by box cupling，The described lower drowning pipe of top connects separator box by soil pick-up pump，Described separator box includes casing，Some plastic tubes be arrangeding in parallel it are provided with in described casing，Described plastic tube runs through described casing，It is fitted with bar magnet in described plastic tube，One end of described casing is provided with the material inlet connecting described soil pick-up pump，The bottom of described casing is being respectively arranged at two ends with heavy metal sludge outlet and sandstone outlet，Described the above of heavy metal sludge outlet is tiltedly installed with screen cloth，The lower end of described screen cloth is between described heavy metal sludge outlet and sandstone export.
For described riverway sludge dredger, improving as one, described sludge outlet connects the first stop valve, and the outlet of described sandstone connects the second stop valve.
For described riverway sludge dredger, improving as one, the uncovered shading ring that is provided with around the lower end of described cover body, described shading ring is positioned at the periphery of described cover body, is provided with depth localization instrument in described shading ring.
For described riverway sludge dredger, as further improving, described shaft is provided with some through holes radially extended.
For described riverway sludge dredger, improve as one, described soil pick-up pump connects the described lower drowning pipe of top by threeway, and two outlets of described threeway connect a described separator box respectively, are equipped with the 3rd stop valve between each described separator box and described threeway.
Owing to have employed described riverway sludge dredger, multiple beneficial effect can be obtained, such as:
(1) owing to devising the cover body containing shaft, the appropriate depth of cover body dive, cover body interior zone is covered completely, form a closed area, avoid the secondary pollution to river in cleaning sludge process, shaft starts stirring, stir by the mud in cover body and sandstone, soil pick-up pump produces negative pressure, by the material channel on shaft, the material in cover body is delivered in separator box, under bar magnet effect, some ironworks in mud (in especially in river course, ground often the substantial amounts of discarded ironwork of content etc.) etc. are attracted to plastic tube surface, block sandstone is then directly emitted in river course by sandstone outlet again, mud is then entered in river course by sludge outlet；Thus the material in construction area is effectively sorted, only cleaning construction area is contained within the bed mud of heavy metal, and the block sandstone without heavy metal is then emitted into river bed and continues to be deposited in river bed purified in situ water quality.
(2) owing to being provided with depth localization instrument in shading ring, depth localization instrument is connected with control system, can position cover body submerged depth, feed back to operator's data, it is simple to operator construct, simultaneously, detection region can be separated by shading ring with stirring region, improves accuracy of detection.
(3) it is provided with some through holes radially extended due to shaft, axial material can be stirred and suck material channel, it is to avoid shaft end is blocked and affects the normal use of the present invention.
(4) owing to being respectively arranged with heavy metal sludge outlet and sandstone outlet at the two ends, bottom of casing, and heavy metal sludge outlet upper angled is provided with screen cloth, thus mud can be discharged from heavy metal sludge outlet by screen cloth；And the sandstone of bulk cannot pass screen cloth, can only export from the sandstone of the other end and discharge, it is achieved thereby that being kept completely separate of mud and sandstone.
In the described method of the present invention, in described step S1, use described riverway sludge dredger collect mud, then by mud natural evaporation so that it is in biodiversity content be 20-30%, can be such as 20%, 25% or 30%.
In the described method of the present invention, in described step S2, described mud can be any river course mud after the dredger in step S1 is collected and processed, and the composition after it is dried completely such as can be specific as follows:
In the described method of the present invention, in described step S2, described adjuvant is the mixture of apatite, bentonite, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, flyash, kieselguhr and bauxite.
Wherein, being dried in terms of the most described mud by 100 mass parts, the quality consumption of each component in described adjuvant is:
Wherein, the mass parts of apatite is 3-5 part, such as, can be 3 parts, 4 parts or 5 parts.
Wherein, bentonitic mass parts is 1.5-4 part, such as, can be 1.5 parts, 2 parts, 2.5 parts, 3 parts, 3.5 parts or 4 parts.
Wherein, the mass parts of auxiliary agent is 2.5-4 part, such as, can be 2.5 parts, 3 parts, 3.5 parts or 4 parts.
Described auxiliary agent is any one in hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose or hydroxypropyl cellulose, most preferably hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose.
Wherein, the mass parts of flyash is 8-12 part, such as, can be 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts, 11 parts or 12 parts.
Wherein, diatomaceous mass parts is 5-7 part, such as, can be 5 parts, 6 parts or 7 parts.
Wherein, the mass parts of bauxite is 4-6 part, such as, can be 4 parts, 5 parts or 6 parts.
In the described method of the present invention, in described step S3, described granulating and forming comprises the steps:
A1: mixed with the mass ratio of 1:1-2 with water by the batch mixing of step S2, then carries out ball milling, and Ball-milling Time is 6-8 hour, and 10000-hole sieve is remaining is 0.5-0.8%, obtains serosity；
A2: serosity is dried at 80-100 DEG C, until biodiversity content therein is 4-6%, and the dried material obtained is ground at this, and cross 100 mesh sieves, obtain powder；
A3: described powder is carried out granulating and forming, obtains the pellet I that particle diameter is 1-2mm.
Wherein, in step A1, batch mixing is 1:1-2 with the mass ratio of water, such as, can be 1:1,1:1.5 or 1:2.
Wherein, in step A1, Ball-milling Time is 6-8 hour, such as, can be 6 hours, 7 hours or 8 hours.
Wherein, in step A1, the 10000-hole sieve after ball milling is remaining is 0.5-0.8%, such as, can be 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7% or 0.8%.
Wherein, in step A2, by serosity at 80-100 DEG C, as being dried at 80 DEG C, 90 DEG C or 100 DEG C, until biodiversity content therein is 4-6%, for example, 4%, 5% or 6%.
Wherein, in step A3, granulating and forming is the routine techniques means in this area, and those skilled in the art can suitably select and determine, are no longer described in detail at this.
In the described method of the present invention, described step S4 comprises the steps:
B1: by pellet I by room temperature, first rises to 80 DEG C with the heating rate of 5 DEG C/min, at such a temperature insulation 10-20 minute；
B2: rise to 160-180 DEG C with the heating rate of 2 DEG C/min again, and insulation 30-40 minute at such a temperature, thus obtain described pellet II.
Wherein, in step bl is determined., at 80 DEG C, it is incubated 10-20 minute, such as 10 minutes, 15 minutes or 20 minutes.
Wherein, in step B2, after having implemented step B1, then rise to 160-180 DEG C with the heating rate of 2 DEG C/min, such as 160 DEG C, 170 DEG C or 180 DEG C, and insulation 30-40 minute, such as 30 minutes, 35 minutes or 40 minutes at such a temperature.
In the described method of the present invention, described step S5 is specific as follows: by first for pellet II roasting 30-40 minute at 300-340 DEG C, then rise to 500 DEG C with the heating rate of 20 DEG C/min, and insulation roasting 10-15 minute at such a temperature；600 DEG C are risen to again with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min, and insulation roasting 40-45 minute at such a temperature, thus obtain pellet III.
In the described method of the present invention, described step S6 is specific as follows: pellet III step S5 obtained naturally cools to room temperature, thus obtains described haydite.
As mentioned above, the invention provides a kind of method using mud to prepare haydite, the comprehensive use by specific dredging silt device, operating procedure and/or parameter etc. of the described method, such that it is able to obtain the haydite with superperformance, have a good application prospect and industrial production potential at aspects such as environmental improvement and solid waste recyclings.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of training of channel device described in step S1 of the present invention；
Wherein, in FIG, each number designation refers to following concrete meaning, element and/or parts respectively.
In figure: 1, cover body, 2, shaft, 3, material channel, 4, stirring vane, 5, through hole, 6, lower drowning pipe, 7, box cupling, 8, threeway, 9, soil pick-up pump, 10, casing, 11, material inlet, 12, sandstone outlet, 13, sludge outlet, the 14, first stop valve, 15, plastic tube, 16, bar magnet, the 17, the 3rd stop valve, 18, shading ring, 19, depth localization instrument, 20, screen cloth, the 21, second stop valve.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail; but the purposes of these exemplary embodiments and purpose are only used for enumerating the present invention; not the real protection scope of the present invention is constituted any type of any restriction, more non-protection scope of the present invention is confined to this.
Training of channel device
nullAs shown in Figure 1，Step S1 of the present invention employs a kind of riverway sludge dredger，Described riverway sludge dredger mainly includes the cover body 1 that lower end is uncovered，Shaft 2 it is rotatablely equipped with on cover body 1，Shaft 2 is vertically arranged，Shaft 2 one end is stretched in cover body 1，There is on shaft 2 axially extending and run through the material channel 3 at shaft 2 two ends，It is positioned on the shaft 2 of cover body 1 and some stirring vanes 4 are installed，The stirring vane 4 of bottom flushes with the lower surface of cover body 1 or the lower surface of slightly above cover body 1，The shaft 2 stretching out cover body 1 connects lower drowning pipe 6 by box cupling 7，Lower drowning pipe 6 generally uses with shaft 2 threadeds，The degree of depth of dive as required，Use the lower drowning pipe 6 of respective numbers，The lower drowning pipe 6 of top connects separator box by soil pick-up pump 9，Separator box includes casing 10，Some plastic tubes 15 be arrangeding in parallel it are provided with in casing 10，Plastic tube 15 runs through casing 10，Bar magnet 16 it is fitted with in plastic tube 15，One end of casing 10 is provided with the material inlet 11 connecting soil pick-up pump 9，The bottom of casing 10 is being respectively arranged at two ends with heavy metal sludge outlet 13 and sandstone outlet 12，The above of described heavy metal sludge outlet 13 is tiltedly installed with screen cloth 20，The lower end of described screen cloth 20 is between described heavy metal sludge outlet 13 and sandstone 12 export，Described sludge outlet 13 connects the first stop valve 14，Described sandstone outlet 12 connection the second stop valve 21.
During use, cover body 1 dive to appropriate depth, cover body 1 interior zone is covered completely, forms a closed area, thus avoid in cleaning sludge process the secondary pollution to river；Subsequently, shaft 2 starts stirring, stir by the mud in cover body 1 and sandstone, soil pick-up pump 9 produces negative pressure, by the material channel 3 on shaft 2, the material in cover body 1 is delivered in separator box, under bar magnet 16 acts on, the absorption such as discarded ironwork are on plastic tube 15 surface, sandstone and mud are then through the screening of screen cloth 20, sandstone 12 is directly emitted in river course by sandstone outlet again, and mud is then emitted into by sludge outlet 13 in receiving container (not shown) and carries out subsequent treatment (such as bury, sintering etc.)；It is achieved thereby that effectively sort the material in construction area, only cleaning construction area is contained within the bed mud of heavy metal, and the sandstone without heavy metal is then discharged into river bed and is deposited in river bed purified in situ water quality.
The lower end of cincture cover body 1 is uncovered is provided with a shading ring 18, shading ring 18 is positioned at the periphery of cover body 1, depth localization instrument 19 it is provided with in shading ring 18, depth localization instrument 19 is connected with control system, can position cover body 1 submerged depth, feeds back to operator's data, personnel convenient to operate construct, meanwhile, detection region can be separated by shading ring 18 with stirring region, improves accuracy of detection.
Shaft 2 is provided with some through holes 5 radially extended, and the material around shaft 2 can be sucked material channel 3, it is to avoid shaft 2 end is blocked and affects the normal use of the present invention.
Soil pick-up pump 9 connects the lower drowning pipe 6 of top by threeway 8, two outlets of threeway 8 connect a separator box respectively, the 3rd stop valve 17 it is equipped with between each separator box and threeway 8, form double-station alternate working, when a separator box is when safeguarding or except ferrum, closes this corresponding 3rd stop valve 17, open another corresponding 3rd stop valve 17, another separator box can normally use, and improves the work efficiency of the present invention.
Described dredger achieves the ON-LINE SEPARATION of heavy metal accumulation mud and sandstone, but also the discarded ironwork can being enriched with in river course, not necessarily transport and be rinsed the most again waiting operation, simplify dredging flow process, avoid the secondary pollution to river in cleaning sludge process, decrease the labor intensity of operator, and can effectively sort mud and sandstone, beneficially river bed purified in situ water quality.
Wherein, in following all embodiments and comparative example, the composition after being dried completely of the mud in step S2 is specific as follows:
Thus describe the most one by one in all of embodiment and comparative example.
Embodiment 1
S1, use riverway sludge dredger collect mud, particularly as follows:
The above-mentioned riverway sludge dredger using the present invention collects mud, and mud is carried out natural evaporation so that it is in biodiversity content be 20%；
S2, mud is mixed with adjuvant, obtain batch mixing, particularly as follows:
After process step S1 obtained, mud mixes with adjuvant, wherein, it is dried in terms of the most described mud by 100 mass parts, the quality consumption of each component in described adjuvant is: 3 parts of apatite, bentonite 1.5 parts, auxiliary agent hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose 2.5 parts, 8 parts of flyash, 5 parts of kieselguhr and bauxite 4 parts, thus obtains batch mixing；
S3, batch mixing is carried out granulating and forming, obtains pellet I, specifically include following steps:
A1: mixed with the mass ratio of 1:1 with water by the batch mixing of step S2, then carries out ball milling, and Ball-milling Time is 6 hours, is 0.5%, obtains serosity more than 10000-hole sieve；
A2: serosity is dried at 80 DEG C, until biodiversity content therein is 4%, and the dried material obtained is ground at this, and cross 100 mesh sieves, obtain powder；
A3: described powder is carried out granulating and forming, obtains the pellet I that particle diameter is 1-2mm；
S4, pellet I is carried out gradient preheating, obtains pellet II, specifically include following steps:
B1: by pellet I by room temperature, first rises to 80 DEG C with the heating rate of 5 DEG C/min, at such a temperature insulation 10 minutes；
B2: rise to 160 DEG C with the heating rate of 2 DEG C/min again, and insulation 40 minutes at such a temperature, thus obtain described pellet II；
S5, pellet II is carried out roasting, obtain pellet III, specific as follows:
By first for pellet II roasting 40 minutes at 300 DEG C, then rise to 500 DEG C with the heating rate of 20 DEG C/min, and insulation roasting 10 minutes at such a temperature；600 DEG C are risen to again with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min, and insulation roasting 40 minutes at such a temperature, thus obtain pellet III.
S6, pellet III is cooled down, thus obtain described haydite, specific as follows:
Pellet III step S5 obtained naturally cools to room temperature, thus obtains haydite, by its named TL1.
Embodiment 2
S1, use riverway sludge dredger collect mud, particularly as follows:
The above-mentioned riverway sludge dredger using the present invention collects mud, and mud is carried out natural evaporation so that it is in biodiversity content be 25%；
S2, mud is mixed with adjuvant, obtain batch mixing, particularly as follows:
After process step S1 obtained, mud mixes with adjuvant, wherein, it is dried in terms of the most described mud by 100 mass parts, the quality consumption of each component in described adjuvant is: 4 parts of apatite, bentonite 2.5 parts, auxiliary agent hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose 3 parts, 10 parts of flyash, 6 parts of kieselguhr and bauxite 5 parts, thus obtains batch mixing；
S3, batch mixing is carried out granulating and forming, obtains pellet I, specifically include following steps:
A1: mixed with the mass ratio of 1:1.5 with water by the batch mixing of step S2, then carries out ball milling, and Ball-milling Time is 7 hours, is 0.6%, obtains serosity more than 10000-hole sieve；
A2: serosity is dried at 90 DEG C, until biodiversity content therein is 5%, and the dried material obtained is ground at this, and cross 100 mesh sieves, obtain powder；
A3: described powder is carried out granulating and forming, obtains the pellet I that particle diameter is 1-2mm；
S4, pellet I is carried out gradient preheating, obtains pellet II, specifically include following steps:
B1: by pellet I by room temperature, first rises to 80 DEG C with the heating rate of 5 DEG C/min, at such a temperature insulation 15 minutes；
B2: rise to 170 DEG C with the heating rate of 2 DEG C/min again, and insulation 35 minutes at such a temperature, thus obtain described pellet II；
S5, pellet II is carried out roasting, obtain pellet III, specific as follows:
By first for pellet II roasting 35 minutes at 320 DEG C, then rise to 500 DEG C with the heating rate of 20 DEG C/min, and insulation roasting 12 minutes at such a temperature；600 DEG C are risen to again with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min, and insulation roasting 42 minutes at such a temperature, thus obtain pellet III.
S6, pellet III is cooled down, thus obtain described haydite, specific as follows:
Pellet III step S5 obtained naturally cools to room temperature, thus obtains haydite, by its named TL2.
Embodiment 3
S1, use riverway sludge dredger collect mud, particularly as follows:
The above-mentioned riverway sludge dredger using the present invention collects mud, and mud is carried out natural evaporation so that it is in biodiversity content be 30%；
S2, mud is mixed with adjuvant, obtain batch mixing, particularly as follows:
After process step S1 obtained, mud mixes with adjuvant, wherein, it is dried in terms of the most described mud by 100 mass parts, the quality consumption of each component in described adjuvant is: 5 parts of apatite, bentonite 4 parts, auxiliary agent hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose 4 parts, 12 parts of flyash, 7 parts of kieselguhr and bauxite 6 parts, thus obtains batch mixing；
S3, batch mixing is carried out granulating and forming, obtains pellet I, specifically include following steps:
A1: mixed with the mass ratio of 1:2 with water by the batch mixing of step S2, then carries out ball milling, and Ball-milling Time is 6 hours, is 0.8%, obtains serosity more than 10000-hole sieve；
A2: serosity is dried at 100 DEG C, until biodiversity content therein is 6%, and the dried material obtained is ground at this, and cross 100 mesh sieves, obtain powder；
A3: described powder is carried out granulating and forming, obtains the pellet I that particle diameter is 1-2mm；
S4, pellet I is carried out gradient preheating, obtains pellet II, specifically include following steps:
B1: by pellet I by room temperature, first rises to 80 DEG C with the heating rate of 5 DEG C/min, at such a temperature insulation 20 minutes；
B2: rise to 180 DEG C with the heating rate of 2 DEG C/min again, and insulation 40 minutes at such a temperature, thus obtain described pellet II；
S5, pellet II is carried out roasting, obtain pellet III, specific as follows:
By first for pellet II roasting 30 minutes at 340 DEG C, then rise to 500 DEG C with the heating rate of 20 DEG C/min, and insulation roasting 15 minutes at such a temperature；600 DEG C are risen to again with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min, and insulation roasting 45 minutes at such a temperature, thus obtain pellet III.
S6, pellet III is cooled down, thus obtain described haydite, specific as follows:
Pellet III step S5 obtained naturally cools to room temperature, thus obtains haydite, by its named TL3.
Embodiment 4
S1, use riverway sludge dredger collect mud, particularly as follows:
The above-mentioned riverway sludge dredger using the present invention collects mud, and mud is carried out natural evaporation so that it is in biodiversity content be 22%；
S2, mud is mixed with adjuvant, obtain batch mixing, particularly as follows:
After process step S1 obtained, mud mixes with adjuvant, wherein, it is dried in terms of the most described mud by 100 mass parts, the quality consumption of each component in described adjuvant is: 3.5 parts of apatite, bentonite 3.5 parts, auxiliary agent hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose 3 parts, 9 parts of flyash, 6.5 parts of kieselguhr and bauxite 4.5 parts, thus obtains batch mixing；
S3, batch mixing is carried out granulating and forming, obtains pellet I, specifically include following steps:
A1: mixed with the mass ratio of 1:1.5 with water by the batch mixing of step S2, then carries out ball milling, and Ball-milling Time is 7 hours, is 0.7%, obtains serosity more than 10000-hole sieve；
A2: serosity is dried at 85 DEG C, until biodiversity content therein is 5%, and the dried material obtained is ground at this, and cross 100 mesh sieves, obtain powder；
A3: described powder is carried out granulating and forming, obtains the pellet I that particle diameter is 1-2mm；
S4, pellet I is carried out gradient preheating, obtains pellet II, specifically include following steps:
B1: by pellet I by room temperature, first rises to 80 DEG C with the heating rate of 5 DEG C/min, at such a temperature insulation 15 minutes；
B2: rise to 165 DEG C with the heating rate of 2 DEG C/min again, and insulation 35 minutes at such a temperature, thus obtain described pellet II；
S5, pellet II is carried out roasting, obtain pellet III, specific as follows:
By first for pellet II roasting 35 minutes at 310 DEG C, then rise to 500 DEG C with the heating rate of 20 DEG C/min, and insulation roasting 14 minutes at such a temperature；600 DEG C are risen to again with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min, and insulation roasting 42 minutes at such a temperature, thus obtain pellet III.
S6, pellet III is cooled down, thus obtain described haydite, specific as follows:
Pellet III step S5 obtained naturally cools to room temperature, thus obtains haydite, by its named TL4.
Comparative example 1-12
Comparative example 1-4: in addition to the auxiliary agent in step S2 is replaced with hydroxymethyl cellulose by hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, other operation is the most constant, thus repeats to implement embodiment 1-4, sequentially obtains comparative example 1-4, by the most named for gained haydite D1, D2, D3 and D4.
Comparative example 5-8: in addition to the auxiliary agent in step S2 is replaced with hydroxyethyl cellulose by hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, other operation is the most constant, thus repeats to implement embodiment 1-4, sequentially obtains comparative example 5-8, by the most named for gained haydite D5, D6, D7 and D8.
Comparative example 9-12: in addition to the auxiliary agent in step S2 is replaced with hydroxypropyl cellulose by hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, other operation is the most constant, thus repeat to implement embodiment 1-4, sequentially obtain comparative example 9-12, by the most named for gained haydite D9, D10, D11 and D12.
Comparative example 13-20
Comparative example 13-16: in addition to 2 DEG C/min that the heating rate in step B1 of step S4 5 DEG C/min is revised as in B2, other operation is the most constant, thus repeat to implement embodiment 1-4, sequentially obtain comparative example 13-16, by the most named for gained haydite D13, D14, D15 and D16.
Comparative example 17-20: in addition to 5 DEG C/min that the heating rate in step B2 of step S4 2 DEG C/min is revised as in B1, other operation is the most constant, thus repeat to implement embodiment 1-4, sequentially obtain comparative example 13-16, by the most named for gained haydite D17, D18, D19 and D20.
Comparative example 21-28
Comparative example 21-24: in addition to twice heating rate in step S5 is 20 DEG C/min, other operation is the most constant, thus repeats to implement embodiment 1-4, sequentially obtains comparative example 21-24, by the most named for gained haydite D21, D22, D23 and D24.
Comparative example 25-28: in addition to twice heating rate in step S5 is 10 DEG C/min, other operation is the most constant, thus repeats to implement embodiment 1-4, sequentially obtains comparative example 25-28, by the most named for gained haydite D25, D26, D27 and D28.
Properties of product measure
Final haydite to above-described embodiment 1-4 and comparative example 1-28 gained has carried out the mensuration of various performance parameter, and result see table shown in 1.
The performance parameter of the various haydite of table 1.
Wherein, " flawless " refers to all of haydite surface rounding, without any crackle；" minority crackle " refers to major part haydite surface rounding flawless, and there is crackle on small part haydite (in quantity < 5%) surface；" relatively multiple cracks " refers to that there is crackle on more haydite (in quantity > 10%) surface.
From above-mentioned table 1 data: 1, when applying the method according to the invention, obtained haydite has the cylindrical compress strength of bigger specific surface area, voidage and excellence；2 and when changing the kind of wherein auxiliary agent, even if being all the cellulose compound being similar to very much, but above-mentioned several index is all significantly reduced, and even when for hydroxymethyl cellulose or hydroxyethyl cellulose, haydite surface creates crackle；And when for hydroxypropyl cellulose, although haydite surface flawless, but specific surface area, voidage and cylindrical compress strength, especially cylindrical compress strength, it is significantly reduced；3, the gradient preheating in step S4 and S5 and roasting, have significant impact for final haydite performance.Only when using twice different temperatures gradient preheating of the present invention, twice different temperatures gradient roasting, best technique effect could be obtained, and when changing thermograde therein, the most all cause performance to be significantly reduced (especially haydite form).
In sum, the invention provides a kind of method using mud to prepare haydite, the comprehensive use by specific dredging silt device, operating procedure and/or parameter etc. of the described method, such that it is able to obtain the haydite with superperformance, have a good application prospect and industrial production potential at aspects such as environmental improvement and solid waste recyclings.
Should be appreciated that the purposes of these embodiments is merely to illustrate the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.In addition; it is also contemplated that; after the technology contents having read the present invention, the present invention can be made various change, amendment and/or modification, within all these equivalent form of value falls within the protection domain that the application appended claims is limited equally by those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. use the method that riverway sludge prepares haydite, described method to comprise the steps:
S1, use riverway sludge dredger collect mud；
S2, mud is mixed with adjuvant, obtain batch mixing；
S3, batch mixing is carried out granulating and forming, obtain pellet I；
S4, pellet I is carried out gradient preheating, obtain pellet II；
S5, pellet II is carried out roasting, obtain pellet III；
S6, pellet III is cooled down, thus obtain described haydite.
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that: the described riverway sludge in step S1
Dredger includes the cover body that lower end is uncovered, and described cover body is rotatablely equipped with shaft, described shaft
One end is stretched in described cover body, described shaft has axially extending and runs through described shaft two ends
Material channel, be positioned on the described shaft of described cover body and some stirring vanes be installed, stretch out institute
The described shaft stating cover body connects lower drowning pipe by box cupling, and the described lower drowning pipe of top passes through soil pick-up pump
Connecting separator box, described separator box includes casing, is provided with some plastic tubes be arrangeding in parallel in described casing,
Described plastic tube runs through described casing, is fitted with bar magnet in described plastic tube, and one end of described casing is provided with
Connecting the material inlet of described soil pick-up pump, the bottom of described casing goes out being respectively arranged at two ends with heavy metal mud
Mouth and sandstone export, and the above screen cloth that is tiltedly installed with of described heavy metal sludge outlet, under described screen cloth
Hold between described heavy metal sludge outlet and sandstone export.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: described sludge outlet connects the first cut-off
Valve, the outlet of described sandstone connects the second stop valve.
4. method as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3, it is characterised in that: around the lower end of described cover body
The uncovered shading ring that is provided with, described shading ring is positioned at the periphery of described cover body, is provided with deep in described shading ring
Degree position finder.
5. the method as described in any one of claim 2-4, it is characterised in that: described shaft is provided with
Some through holes radially extended.
6. the method as described in any one of claim 2-5, it is characterised in that: described soil pick-up pump passes through three
Leading to the described lower drowning pipe connecing top, two outlets of described threeway connect a described separator box respectively,
It is equipped with the 3rd stop valve between each described separator box and described threeway.
7. the method as described in any one of claim 1-6, it is characterised in that: in described step S2,
Described adjuvant is apatite, bentonite, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, flyash, kieselguhr and bauxite
Mixture.
8. the method as described in any one of claim 1-7, it is characterised in that: in described step S3,
Described granulating and forming comprises the steps:
A1: mixed with the mass ratio of 1:1-2 with water by the batch mixing of step S2, then carries out ball milling,
Ball-milling Time is 6-8 hour, and 10000-hole sieve is remaining is 0.5-0.8%, obtains serosity；
A2: serosity is dried at 80-100 DEG C, until biodiversity content therein is 4-6%, and
The dried material obtained is ground at this, and crosses 100 mesh sieves, obtain powder；
A3: described powder is carried out granulating and forming, obtains the pellet I that particle diameter is 1-2mm.
9. the method as described in any one of claim 1-8, it is characterised in that: described step S4 includes
Following steps:
B1: by pellet I by room temperature, first rises to 80 DEG C with the heating rate of 5 DEG C/min, in this temperature
Degree lower insulation 10-20 minute；
B2: rise to 160-180 DEG C with the heating rate of 2 DEG C/min again, and it is incubated 30-40 at such a temperature
Minute, thus obtain described pellet II.
10. the method as described in any one of claim 1-9, it is characterised in that: described step S5 is concrete
As follows: by first for pellet II roasting 30-40 minute at 300-340 DEG C, then with the intensification of 20 DEG C/min
Speed rises to 500 DEG C, and insulation roasting 10-15 minute at such a temperature；Again with the intensification of 10 DEG C/min
Speed rises to 600 DEG C, and insulation roasting 40-45 minute at such a temperature, thus obtains pellet III.
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| CN108147781A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-12 | 中建八局第建设有限公司 | A kind of bed-silt sintering ceramsite and preparation method thereof |
| CN110316936A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2019-10-11 | 中国科学院城市环境研究所 | It is a kind of sea reuse of dredging utilize method and system |
| CN110357651A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2019-10-22 | 天津水泥工业设计研究院有限公司 | A method of use Dian Chi dredging silt to prepare high-strength ceramic granule for raw material |
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