CN105897516A - Method for verifying schedulability of network application layer protocol, monitoring system and monitoring method - Google Patents
Method for verifying schedulability of network application layer protocol, monitoring system and monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105897516A CN105897516A CN201610452761.XA CN201610452761A CN105897516A CN 105897516 A CN105897516 A CN 105897516A CN 201610452761 A CN201610452761 A CN 201610452761A CN 105897516 A CN105897516 A CN 105897516A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
- H04L43/18—Protocol analysers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/24—Testing correct operation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
- H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
- H04L69/322—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions
- H04L69/329—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions in the application layer [OSI layer 7]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
- H04L2012/40208—Bus networks characterized by the use of a particular bus standard
- H04L2012/40215—Controller Area Network CAN
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for verifying the schedulability of a network application layer protocol, a monitoring system and a monitoring method. The verifying method comprises the following steps of: obtaining design of the network application layer protocol; generating a message matrix M of the application layer protocol according to the design of the application layer protocol and description of an ECU control function of an automobile; calculating the worst response time Rm for each message m in the message matrix M; needing to re-design multiple parameters of the message m if the worst response time Rm is greater than a message period Tm; showing that the design of the message m can satisfy the schedulability if the worst response time Rm is lower than or equal to the message period Tm; and repeating the above steps till all the messages m satisfy the schedulability. By adopting the verifying method, basis is provided for the schedulability judgement of the protocol; and the schedulability verification problem of the application layer protocol is solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to In-vehicle networking technical field, particularly relate to a kind of network application-level protocol schedulability and test
Card method, monitoring system and the network information monitor method.
Background technology
At present, on the car of middle and high end, the quantity of ECU (electronic control unit) has reached 50~80.
Manage and intelligentized control method to realize the centralized-control type of automobile, it usually needs ECU is coupled together by network,
Constitute an In-vehicle networking.Conventional network technology has CAN/LIN bus, Flexray bus and MOST
Bus etc., currently used most or CAN/LIN bus, it is mainly used in body control system and vehicle-mounted
Infotainment control system.But when design and exploitation In-vehicle networking, run into following two difficult problems:
First, the validation problem of network application-level protocol.So-called application layer protocol refers to realize car load
Centralized-control type management and intelligentized control method, carry out the content of message exchange and the definition of mode and explanation between ECU.
The checking of network application-level protocol is divided into functional authorization and performance verification.Wherein functional authorization holds relatively
Easily, whether Main Analysis message is transmitted data, state and control information disclosure satisfy that functional requirements.
And the schedulability of performance verification relative difficulty, especially message, namely under worst network condition, disappear
The transmission time of breath is necessarily less than the cycle of message, otherwise it is possible to lose message data.Use traditional survey
Method for testing can not enumerate all-network state, is therefore difficult to the schedulability problem of test application layer protocol.
Second, the monitoring system of application layer protocol.After application layer protocol designs and passes through checking, generally also
Being simulated and monitor, whether the content of the transmission and message of observing message on network meets application need
Ask.For CAN/LIN bus, common solution is to use the Software tools such as CANoe to build void
Intend network environment, by network monitoring function built-in for CANoe, observe the transmission of message on network and disappear
Breath content.Here there are two problems, one is that CANoe software systems are expensive, and receives according to license
Take, if network is monitored on multiple points by under development needs, then be accomplished by multiple license,
This will be a no small spending;Two is when simulation monitors, in addition it is also necessary to use CANoe tool software to support
Language-specific develop transmission and the reception program of message, this journey that commonly used C language is developed
For sequence person and inconvenient, nor transplant after being easy to.
Therefore we need a set of prison that disclosure satisfy that actual demand, function are simplified and used mainstream speech to develop
Viewing system, the design of auxiliary In-vehicle networking application layer protocol and exploitation, solve the exploitation of two above In-vehicle networking
In the problem that runs into.
Summary of the invention
For problem present in background technology, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of network application-level protocol can
Scheduling property verification method, monitoring system and the method for supervision.This verification method mainly shows as a kind of network can
Scheduling property parser, judges by the output result of algorithm whether the application layer protocol of design meets schedulable
The demand of property.Monitoring system mainly shows as a set of software and hardware system, in order to monitor internet message, the softest
Part operates on PC, and including schedulability checking software and monitoring software two parts, hardware includes
CAN/LIN interface card, network connection etc..
For achieving the above object, the present invention uses one of them technical scheme:
A kind of network application-level protocol schedulability verification method, network application-level protocol is In-vehicle networking application
Layer protocol, comprises the following steps,
Step 1: obtain the design of network application-level protocol;
Step 2: control the explanation of function according to application layer protocol design and automobile ECU, produces application layer association
Message matrix M of view;
Step 3: to each message m in message matrix M, calculates worst response time Rm, by worst sound
R between Ying ShimWith message cycle TmCompare, if worst response time RmMore than message cycle Tm, need
Multiple parameters of message m to be redesigned;If worst response time RmLess than or equal to message cycle Tm,
Then description messages m be designed to meet schedulability;Repeat the above steps, until all message m are the fullest
Till foot schedulability.
In technique scheme, in step 3, the worst response time R of described message mmCalculating public
Formula is as follows:
Rm=wm+Cm,
wmIt is queuing delay times, CmIt it is message transmission time;
CmCalculate according to equation below:
Wherein said SmBeing message byte number, it is permissible
Obtain from message matrix M, τbitIt is to transmit the time needed for a bit in CAN/LIN bus;
wmCalculate according to equation below:
Wherein,Hp (m) is the set of all priority message higher than m, and lp (m) is
The set of all priority message less than m.
In technique scheme, at described CmComputing formula in, for CAN reference format, g=34;
For CAN extended format, g=54;The CAN of 1Mbps, τbit=10-6Second.
In technique scheme, in described message matrix M, the attribute of message m comprises message name, message mark
Know data length S in symbol, message id, the pattern of transmission message, messagem, message cycle TmAnd bus
Speed.
In technique scheme, the pattern of described transmission message includes event mode, fixed cycle type and mixing
Type.
In order to realize the purpose of the present invention, another technical scheme that the present invention provides:
A kind of monitoring system, in order to the supervision of In-vehicle networking message, in accessible CAN network, it is special
Levy and be: include signal matrix editor module, message Schedulability Analysis module, the real-time monitoring module of message,
Message logging module, wherein, signal matrix editor module, in order to the editor of signal matrix, signal matrix
Browse and the inquiry of signal matrix;Message Schedulability Analysis module, in order to Schedulability Analysis algorithm and
Analysis result presents;The real-time monitoring module of message, in order to select to intend monitored message, selection is intended monitored
The attribute of message and the presenting of content and message attributes and real time content;Message logging module, in order to disappear
The derivation of breath daily record, the inquiry of message logging and the analysis of message logging.
In order to realize the purpose of the present invention, the yet another aspect that the present invention provides:
A kind of supervision method, monitors In-vehicle networking message, comprises the following steps:
Step 100: the PC being provided with monitoring system is accessed in CAN network;Open in network it
The power supply of its controller node, activates monitoring system, allows the whole network operation;
Step 200: open the real-time monitoring module of message of monitoring system, can arrive with Real Time Observation on interface
The each message m transmitted in CAN/LIN bus and their attribute, the message content arrived according to the observation is sentenced
Whether the attribute of disconnected message and data meet design requirement;
Step 300: if message m can not meet application demand, then need the reason of searching problem, and corresponding
Again rectify and improve and perfect with layer protocol design.
In technique scheme, in step 200, if message m is preiodic type or mixed type disappears
Breath, then the data of this message m can real-time change over time;For the message content of real-time change, as
Fruit is not easy to observe the content of message, at this moment can open the message logging module of monitoring system, records message
The time dependent process of m, is therefore easy to carry out off-line analysis afterwards.
In technique scheme, also include the step of signal matrix editor, specifically, open monitoring system
Signal matrix editor module, by friendly user's interface, some attributes of each message m of typing;Typing
After, monitoring system can save as message matrix M the form of XML file so that computer can
Carry out subsequent treatment easily.
In technique scheme, also include the step of message Schedulability Analysis, specifically, open supervision
The message Schedulability Analysis module of system, clicks on lexical analysis button, the message matrix to previous step input
Each message m in M is scheduling analyzing.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, in prior art, the method for simplation verification is used to be difficult to enumerate all possible network condition, and
The result is the most incomplete, there is the problem easily omitting extreme case;Inventive network application layer protocol
Schedulability verification method, uses Algorithm Analysis method, without operational network, it is possible to be calculated worst
The message response time under network condition, thus the schedulability for agreement judges to provide foundation, solving should
With the schedulability validation problem of layer protocol.
2, monitoring system is integrated with Schedulability Analysis algorithm, after input signal matrix, can directly verify
Schedulability.Monitoring system can substitute the tool software such as CANoe, easily with the C programmer of exploitation,
Drivings etc. are integrated, and do not have license to limit, thus can reach the beneficial effect reducing development cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The FB(flow block) of Fig. 1 In-vehicle networking of the present invention application layer protocol schedulability verification method;
Fig. 2 is monitoring system functional structure chart of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the FB(flow block) of inventive network message monitoring method;
Fig. 4 is that the PC with monitoring system accesses CAN network diagram;
Fig. 5 is CAN card MCU and peripheral circuit diagram;
Fig. 6 is the use flow chart that application layer protocol Schedulability Analysis process and internet message monitor process.
Detailed description of the invention
Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 6, disclosed by the invention is a kind of for In-vehicle networking application layer protocol authentication
Method, monitoring system and the method for supervision.Described verification method is for In-vehicle networking application protocol schedulability
Checking, monitoring system and the method for supervision are in order to the supervision of In-vehicle networking message.
Wherein, application layer protocol verification method mainly shows as a kind of algorithm, judges that network should by algorithm
Whether schedulability is met with layer protocol design;This algorithm uses software to realize, with side in monitoring system
Just the use of personnel is verified.The functional module of monitoring system is concrete as shown in Figure 2, and monitoring system is the most real
Show other functional module, it is allowed to test checking personnel monitor the message on network, to confirm network
The actual motion of application layer protocol is correct.It is described below in detail,
Embodiment 1
Shown in accompanying drawing 1 and Fig. 6, the present embodiment 1 provides a kind of network application-level protocol schedulability
Verification method, comprises the following steps,
Step 1: obtain the design of network application-level protocol.The specification of this network application-level protocol is vehicle-mounted
Network architecture topology, the message structure of CAN/LIN bus and relevant parameter etc..Setting of relevant application layer protocol
Meter method is not belonging to the present invention, and the present invention only carries out schedulability checking and actual fortune to network design result
Row monitors.
The acquisition of network application-level protocol has two approach: one is to be designed by the third-party institution and provide, and two are
Designed by application layer protocol designer and provide.For the first approach, whole-car firm generally entrusts automobile electricity
Suppliers of the subsystems provide In-vehicle networking structural design scheme, and in this case, supplier carries the most in the lump
For application layer protocol.For the second approach, designer needs to investigate whole automobile control function demand, controller
Layout and controller between signal exchange, could finally produce net by repeatedly designing, simulate and revising
Network application layer protocol.
Step 2: control the explanation of function according to application layer protocol design and automobile ECU, produces application layer association
Message matrix M of view.The design of message matrix M is generally and In-vehicle networking topology design is one.Design
Time need consider network topology, control functional requirement, the priority of message, message classification (transmission event
Signal still transmit the information of state and data) etc. multiple factors, historical experience to be combined accumulates.Disappear
Breath after matrix M designed, generally represents by form, and form includes message m such as table 1 below institute
Show the attribute of message:
The attribute of table 1 message
The form of the application layer messages matrix M obtained is as follows:
Wherein, ID had both represented unique mark of message, represented again the priority of message.ID is the least, message
Priority is the highest;SmRepresenting the length of message data, value is 0~8 bytes;Cycle represents with millisecond,
For event mode message, use minimum time interval as its cycle.
Step 3: to each message m in message matrix M, calculate its worst response time Rm, and handle
RmWith message cycle TmCompare, thus judge message m whether schedulable.If RmMore than Tm, its
Middle TmRepresent the cycle of message, then illustrate that the design of this message can not meet schedulability, need again to set
Multiple parameters of meter message;If RmLess than or equal to Tm, then description messages m be designed to meet adjustable
Degree property;Last repeat the above steps, until all message m all meet schedulability.
The worst response time R of message mmFor:
Rm=wm+Cm
Wherein wmIt is queuing delay times, CmIt it is message transmission time.Message cycle TmFirst calculate Cm, then
Calculate wm。
CmCalculate according to equation below:
Wherein said SmBeing message byte number, it can obtain from message matrix M.For CAN reticle
Formula, g=34, for CAN extended format g=54.τbitBe in CAN/LIN bus, transmit a bit needed for
Time.Such as the CAN of 1Mbps, τbit=10-6Second.CmUnit be the second.
Queuing delay times wmIncluding two parts: caused by low priority message is just being transmitted in bus
Blocking time BmWith I interference time seized due to high-priority message caused by transmissionm.Blocking timeLp (m) is the set of all priority message less than m.Owing to previous step has been counted
Calculate the C of all messagem, therefore BmEasily calculate.Calculate BmAfterwards, w can so be calculatedm:
Wherein, hp (m) is the set of all priority message higher than m.Above-mentioned formula is that recurrence is dull,
Can be calculated by alternative manner.
Work as RmLess than or equal to TmTime, illustrate in worst case, message m can also be transmitted within a cycle
Complete, therefore message m is schedulable;Work as RmMore than TmTime, illustrate under worst condition, message m is one
Can not transmit complete in the individual cycle, then former frame data are likely capped, therefore m is non-scheduling.
Embodiment 2
After message matrix schedulability is verified, need the message in bus is transmitted to survey and monitor,
To confirm that application layer protocol can actual motion.This is accomplished by using monitoring system and monitoring method, at this
In embodiment 2, it is provided that a kind of monitoring system and the method for supervision.
Described monitoring system, including signal matrix editor module, message Schedulability Analysis module, message in fact
Time monitoring module, message logging module.Described signal matrix editor module is in order to the editor of signal matrix, letter
Browsing and the inquiry of signal matrix of number matrix.Described message Schedulability Analysis module is in order to schedulability
Parser and analysis result present.The real-time monitoring module of described message, in order to select the message intending being monitored,
Select to intend presenting of the attribute of monitored message and content and message attributes and real time content.Described message
Log pattern is in order to the derivation of message logging, the inquiry of message logging and the analysis of message logging.
Illustrating in conjunction with accompanying drawing 3 to accompanying drawing 5, described monitoring method comprises the following steps,
Step 100: the PC being provided with monitoring system is accessed in CAN network;Open in network it
The power supply of its controller node, activates monitoring system, allows the whole network operation.
Wherein, PC, the CAN/LIN of the other end are accessed by USB interface in one end of CAN/LIN interface card
Physical cord accesses CAN/LIN bus, and such PC is just connected with CAN/LIN bus.CAN/LIN bus
On be also associated with other ECU, they achieve application layer protocol, and use this agreement to carry out bus communication.
CAN/LIN interface card be designed with 16 single-chip microcomputer MCS12XS128, it has 112 pins, peripheral
Circuit is as shown in Figure 5.Crystal oscillator frequency 4Mhz, by internal PLL raising frequency to 40Mhz Bus Clock Rate.
After network is opened, interface is able to observe that the ID of message m, reception/sending direction, message data
Length, message cycle, timestamp and message content, by observing these attributes of message m, it is judged that disappear
Breath m whether can be correct realize communication requirement.If application layer protocol can not meet demand, then need to find
The reason of problem, and application layer protocol is rectified and improved and perfect again.Revise complete after, repeat the above steps.
Step 200: open the real-time monitoring module of message of monitoring system, can arrive with Real Time Observation on interface
The each message m transmitted in CAN/LIN bus and their attribute, the message content arrived according to the observation is sentenced
Whether the attribute of disconnected message and data meet design requirement.
If a message m is preiodic type or mixed type message, then the data of this message m can be over time
Real-time change.For the message content of real-time change, if being not easy to observe the content of message, the most permissible
Open the message logging module of monitoring system, record the time dependent process of message m, be therefore easy to afterwards
Carry out off-line analysis.
Step 300: if message m can not meet application demand, then need the reason of searching problem, and right
Application layer protocol design is rectified and improved and perfect again.
Specifically, then can be analyzed in terms of two: one is network application layer design problem, two is control
Device node failure problem processed.If the former, then need to feed back to the application layer protocol design phase, again
Rectification.After rectification, it is still desirable to Schedulability Analysis and the network of repetition message matrix M are supervised in real time
Depending on etc. process, until design meet demand till, terminate application layer protocol design process.
In addition, the method comprises the step of signal matrix editor, the step of message Schedulability Analysis.
Specifically,
The step of described signal matrix editor is specifically: open the signal matrix editor module of monitoring system, logical
Cross friendly user's interface, some attributes of each message m of typing.After typing, monitoring system can be
Message matrix M saves as the form of XML file so that computer can carry out subsequent treatment easily.
The step of described message Schedulability Analysis is specifically: open the message Schedulability Analysis of monitoring system
Module, clicks on lexical analysis button, adjusts each message m in message matrix M of previous step input
Degree is analyzed.Lexical analysis mainly calculates the worst response time R of each message mm, and RmWith message m
Message cycle TmRelatively.This process has been compiled into one section of program, and is integrated in monitoring system,
Message signale matrix M is input in monitoring system, adjustable by the proof of algorithm being integrated in monitoring system
Degree property, calculation as described in Example 1, is not repeated at this.If the schedulability of a message m
It is unsatisfactory for, then system has bomp.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all at this
Within bright spirit and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc. made, should be included in this
Within bright protection domain.
Claims (10)
1. a network application-level protocol schedulability verification method, network application-level protocol is that In-vehicle networking should
With layer protocol, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps,
Step 1: obtain the design of network application-level protocol;
Step 2: control the explanation of function according to application layer protocol design and automobile ECU, produces application layer association
Message matrix M of view;
Step 3: to each message m in message matrix M, calculates worst response time Rm, by worst sound
R between Ying ShimWith message cycle TmCompare, if worst response time RmMore than message cycle Tm, need
Multiple parameters of message m to be redesigned;If worst response time RmLess than or equal to message cycle Tm,
Then description messages m be designed to meet schedulability;Repeat the above steps, until all message m are the fullest
Till foot schedulability.
Network application-level protocol schedulability verification method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In step 3, the worst response time R of described message mmComputing formula as follows:
Rm=wm+Cm,
wmIt is queuing delay times, CmIt it is message transmission time;
CmCalculate according to equation below:
Wherein said SmBeing message byte number, it is permissible
Obtain from message matrix M, τbitIt is to transmit the time needed for a bit in CAN/LIN bus;
wmCalculate according to equation below:
Wherein,Hp (m) is the set of all priority message higher than m, and lp (m) is
The set of all priority message less than m.
Network application-level protocol schedulability verification method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
At described CmComputing formula in, for CAN reference format, g=34;For CAN extended format, g=54;
The CAN of 1Mbps, τbit=10-6Second.
Network application-level protocol schedulability verification method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In described message matrix M, the attribute of message m comprises message name, message identifier, message id, transmission message
Pattern, data length S in messagem, message cycle TmAnd Bus Speed.
Network application-level protocol schedulability verification method the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:
The pattern of described transmission message includes event mode, fixed cycle type and mixed type.
6. a monitoring system, in order to the supervision of In-vehicle networking message, in accessible CAN network, its
It is characterised by: include that signal matrix editor module, message Schedulability Analysis module, message monitor mould in real time
Block, message logging module, wherein, signal matrix editor module, in order to the editor of signal matrix, signal square
Browsing and the inquiry of signal matrix of battle array;Message Schedulability Analysis module, calculates in order to Schedulability Analysis
Method and analysis result present;The real-time monitoring module of message, in order to select to intend monitored message, quilt is intended in selection
Presenting of the attribute of message monitored and content and message attributes and real time content;Message logging module, uses
With the derivation of message logging, the inquiry of message logging and the analysis of message logging.
7. supervision method based on monitoring system according to claim 6, is carried out In-vehicle networking message
Monitor, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:
Step 100: the PC being provided with monitoring system is accessed in CAN network;Open in network it
The power supply of its controller node, activates monitoring system, allows the whole network operation;
Step 200: open the real-time monitoring module of message of monitoring system, can arrive with Real Time Observation on interface
The each message m transmitted in CAN/LIN bus and their attribute, the message content arrived according to the observation is sentenced
Whether the attribute of disconnected message and data meet design requirement;
Step 300: if message m can not meet application demand, then need the reason of searching problem, and corresponding
Again rectify and improve and perfect with layer protocol design.
Supervision method the most according to claim 7 is characterized in that: in step 200, if one
Individual message m is preiodic type or mixed type message, then the data of this message m can real-time change over time;
For the message content of real-time change, if being not easy to observe the content of message, supervision system at this moment can be opened
The message logging module of system, records the time dependent process of message m, is therefore easy to carry out off-line afterwards and divides
Analysis.
Supervision method the most according to claim 7 is characterized in that: also includes signal matrix editor's
Step, specifically, opens the signal matrix editor module of monitoring system, by friendly user's interface, typing
Some attributes of each message m;After typing, monitoring system can save as XML message matrix M
The form of file so that computer can carry out subsequent treatment easily.
Supervision method the most according to claim 7 is characterized in that: also includes that message schedulability divides
The step of analysis, specifically, opens the message Schedulability Analysis module of monitoring system, clicks on lexical analysis and presses
Button, is scheduling analyzing to each message m in message matrix M of previous step input.
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