CN105897516A - Method for verifying schedulability of network application layer protocol, monitoring system and monitoring method - Google Patents

Method for verifying schedulability of network application layer protocol, monitoring system and monitoring method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105897516A
CN105897516A CN201610452761.XA CN201610452761A CN105897516A CN 105897516 A CN105897516 A CN 105897516A CN 201610452761 A CN201610452761 A CN 201610452761A CN 105897516 A CN105897516 A CN 105897516A
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message
schedulability
monitoring system
network
matrix
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刘晓建
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Xian University of Science and Technology
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Xian University of Science and Technology
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Priority to CN201610452761.XA priority Critical patent/CN105897516A/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/18Protocol analysers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/24Testing correct operation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/40Bus networks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/30Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
    • H04L69/32Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
    • H04L69/322Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions
    • H04L69/329Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions in the application layer [OSI layer 7]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/40Bus networks
    • H04L2012/40208Bus networks characterized by the use of a particular bus standard
    • H04L2012/40215Controller Area Network CAN

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for verifying the schedulability of a network application layer protocol, a monitoring system and a monitoring method. The verifying method comprises the following steps of: obtaining design of the network application layer protocol; generating a message matrix M of the application layer protocol according to the design of the application layer protocol and description of an ECU control function of an automobile; calculating the worst response time Rm for each message m in the message matrix M; needing to re-design multiple parameters of the message m if the worst response time Rm is greater than a message period Tm; showing that the design of the message m can satisfy the schedulability if the worst response time Rm is lower than or equal to the message period Tm; and repeating the above steps till all the messages m satisfy the schedulability. By adopting the verifying method, basis is provided for the schedulability judgement of the protocol; and the schedulability verification problem of the application layer protocol is solved.

Description

Network application-level protocol schedulability verification method, monitoring system and the method for supervision
Technical field
The present invention relates to In-vehicle networking technical field, particularly relate to a kind of network application-level protocol schedulability and test Card method, monitoring system and the network information monitor method.
Background technology
At present, on the car of middle and high end, the quantity of ECU (electronic control unit) has reached 50~80. Manage and intelligentized control method to realize the centralized-control type of automobile, it usually needs ECU is coupled together by network, Constitute an In-vehicle networking.Conventional network technology has CAN/LIN bus, Flexray bus and MOST Bus etc., currently used most or CAN/LIN bus, it is mainly used in body control system and vehicle-mounted Infotainment control system.But when design and exploitation In-vehicle networking, run into following two difficult problems:
First, the validation problem of network application-level protocol.So-called application layer protocol refers to realize car load Centralized-control type management and intelligentized control method, carry out the content of message exchange and the definition of mode and explanation between ECU. The checking of network application-level protocol is divided into functional authorization and performance verification.Wherein functional authorization holds relatively Easily, whether Main Analysis message is transmitted data, state and control information disclosure satisfy that functional requirements. And the schedulability of performance verification relative difficulty, especially message, namely under worst network condition, disappear The transmission time of breath is necessarily less than the cycle of message, otherwise it is possible to lose message data.Use traditional survey Method for testing can not enumerate all-network state, is therefore difficult to the schedulability problem of test application layer protocol.
Second, the monitoring system of application layer protocol.After application layer protocol designs and passes through checking, generally also Being simulated and monitor, whether the content of the transmission and message of observing message on network meets application need Ask.For CAN/LIN bus, common solution is to use the Software tools such as CANoe to build void Intend network environment, by network monitoring function built-in for CANoe, observe the transmission of message on network and disappear Breath content.Here there are two problems, one is that CANoe software systems are expensive, and receives according to license Take, if network is monitored on multiple points by under development needs, then be accomplished by multiple license, This will be a no small spending;Two is when simulation monitors, in addition it is also necessary to use CANoe tool software to support Language-specific develop transmission and the reception program of message, this journey that commonly used C language is developed For sequence person and inconvenient, nor transplant after being easy to.
Therefore we need a set of prison that disclosure satisfy that actual demand, function are simplified and used mainstream speech to develop Viewing system, the design of auxiliary In-vehicle networking application layer protocol and exploitation, solve the exploitation of two above In-vehicle networking In the problem that runs into.
Summary of the invention
For problem present in background technology, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of network application-level protocol can Scheduling property verification method, monitoring system and the method for supervision.This verification method mainly shows as a kind of network can Scheduling property parser, judges by the output result of algorithm whether the application layer protocol of design meets schedulable The demand of property.Monitoring system mainly shows as a set of software and hardware system, in order to monitor internet message, the softest Part operates on PC, and including schedulability checking software and monitoring software two parts, hardware includes CAN/LIN interface card, network connection etc..
For achieving the above object, the present invention uses one of them technical scheme:
A kind of network application-level protocol schedulability verification method, network application-level protocol is In-vehicle networking application Layer protocol, comprises the following steps,
Step 1: obtain the design of network application-level protocol;
Step 2: control the explanation of function according to application layer protocol design and automobile ECU, produces application layer association Message matrix M of view;
Step 3: to each message m in message matrix M, calculates worst response time Rm, by worst sound R between Ying ShimWith message cycle TmCompare, if worst response time RmMore than message cycle Tm, need Multiple parameters of message m to be redesigned;If worst response time RmLess than or equal to message cycle Tm, Then description messages m be designed to meet schedulability;Repeat the above steps, until all message m are the fullest Till foot schedulability.
In technique scheme, in step 3, the worst response time R of described message mmCalculating public Formula is as follows:
Rm=wm+Cm,
wmIt is queuing delay times, CmIt it is message transmission time;
CmCalculate according to equation below:
Wherein said SmBeing message byte number, it is permissible Obtain from message matrix M, τbitIt is to transmit the time needed for a bit in CAN/LIN bus;
wmCalculate according to equation below:
Wherein,Hp (m) is the set of all priority message higher than m, and lp (m) is The set of all priority message less than m.
In technique scheme, at described CmComputing formula in, for CAN reference format, g=34; For CAN extended format, g=54;The CAN of 1Mbps, τbit=10-6Second.
In technique scheme, in described message matrix M, the attribute of message m comprises message name, message mark Know data length S in symbol, message id, the pattern of transmission message, messagem, message cycle TmAnd bus Speed.
In technique scheme, the pattern of described transmission message includes event mode, fixed cycle type and mixing Type.
In order to realize the purpose of the present invention, another technical scheme that the present invention provides:
A kind of monitoring system, in order to the supervision of In-vehicle networking message, in accessible CAN network, it is special Levy and be: include signal matrix editor module, message Schedulability Analysis module, the real-time monitoring module of message, Message logging module, wherein, signal matrix editor module, in order to the editor of signal matrix, signal matrix Browse and the inquiry of signal matrix;Message Schedulability Analysis module, in order to Schedulability Analysis algorithm and Analysis result presents;The real-time monitoring module of message, in order to select to intend monitored message, selection is intended monitored The attribute of message and the presenting of content and message attributes and real time content;Message logging module, in order to disappear The derivation of breath daily record, the inquiry of message logging and the analysis of message logging.
In order to realize the purpose of the present invention, the yet another aspect that the present invention provides:
A kind of supervision method, monitors In-vehicle networking message, comprises the following steps:
Step 100: the PC being provided with monitoring system is accessed in CAN network;Open in network it The power supply of its controller node, activates monitoring system, allows the whole network operation;
Step 200: open the real-time monitoring module of message of monitoring system, can arrive with Real Time Observation on interface The each message m transmitted in CAN/LIN bus and their attribute, the message content arrived according to the observation is sentenced Whether the attribute of disconnected message and data meet design requirement;
Step 300: if message m can not meet application demand, then need the reason of searching problem, and corresponding Again rectify and improve and perfect with layer protocol design.
In technique scheme, in step 200, if message m is preiodic type or mixed type disappears Breath, then the data of this message m can real-time change over time;For the message content of real-time change, as Fruit is not easy to observe the content of message, at this moment can open the message logging module of monitoring system, records message The time dependent process of m, is therefore easy to carry out off-line analysis afterwards.
In technique scheme, also include the step of signal matrix editor, specifically, open monitoring system Signal matrix editor module, by friendly user's interface, some attributes of each message m of typing;Typing After, monitoring system can save as message matrix M the form of XML file so that computer can Carry out subsequent treatment easily.
In technique scheme, also include the step of message Schedulability Analysis, specifically, open supervision The message Schedulability Analysis module of system, clicks on lexical analysis button, the message matrix to previous step input Each message m in M is scheduling analyzing.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, in prior art, the method for simplation verification is used to be difficult to enumerate all possible network condition, and The result is the most incomplete, there is the problem easily omitting extreme case;Inventive network application layer protocol Schedulability verification method, uses Algorithm Analysis method, without operational network, it is possible to be calculated worst The message response time under network condition, thus the schedulability for agreement judges to provide foundation, solving should With the schedulability validation problem of layer protocol.
2, monitoring system is integrated with Schedulability Analysis algorithm, after input signal matrix, can directly verify Schedulability.Monitoring system can substitute the tool software such as CANoe, easily with the C programmer of exploitation, Drivings etc. are integrated, and do not have license to limit, thus can reach the beneficial effect reducing development cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The FB(flow block) of Fig. 1 In-vehicle networking of the present invention application layer protocol schedulability verification method;
Fig. 2 is monitoring system functional structure chart of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the FB(flow block) of inventive network message monitoring method;
Fig. 4 is that the PC with monitoring system accesses CAN network diagram;
Fig. 5 is CAN card MCU and peripheral circuit diagram;
Fig. 6 is the use flow chart that application layer protocol Schedulability Analysis process and internet message monitor process.
Detailed description of the invention
Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 6, disclosed by the invention is a kind of for In-vehicle networking application layer protocol authentication Method, monitoring system and the method for supervision.Described verification method is for In-vehicle networking application protocol schedulability Checking, monitoring system and the method for supervision are in order to the supervision of In-vehicle networking message.
Wherein, application layer protocol verification method mainly shows as a kind of algorithm, judges that network should by algorithm Whether schedulability is met with layer protocol design;This algorithm uses software to realize, with side in monitoring system Just the use of personnel is verified.The functional module of monitoring system is concrete as shown in Figure 2, and monitoring system is the most real Show other functional module, it is allowed to test checking personnel monitor the message on network, to confirm network The actual motion of application layer protocol is correct.It is described below in detail,
Embodiment 1
Shown in accompanying drawing 1 and Fig. 6, the present embodiment 1 provides a kind of network application-level protocol schedulability Verification method, comprises the following steps,
Step 1: obtain the design of network application-level protocol.The specification of this network application-level protocol is vehicle-mounted Network architecture topology, the message structure of CAN/LIN bus and relevant parameter etc..Setting of relevant application layer protocol Meter method is not belonging to the present invention, and the present invention only carries out schedulability checking and actual fortune to network design result Row monitors.
The acquisition of network application-level protocol has two approach: one is to be designed by the third-party institution and provide, and two are Designed by application layer protocol designer and provide.For the first approach, whole-car firm generally entrusts automobile electricity Suppliers of the subsystems provide In-vehicle networking structural design scheme, and in this case, supplier carries the most in the lump For application layer protocol.For the second approach, designer needs to investigate whole automobile control function demand, controller Layout and controller between signal exchange, could finally produce net by repeatedly designing, simulate and revising Network application layer protocol.
Step 2: control the explanation of function according to application layer protocol design and automobile ECU, produces application layer association Message matrix M of view.The design of message matrix M is generally and In-vehicle networking topology design is one.Design Time need consider network topology, control functional requirement, the priority of message, message classification (transmission event Signal still transmit the information of state and data) etc. multiple factors, historical experience to be combined accumulates.Disappear
Breath after matrix M designed, generally represents by form, and form includes message m such as table 1 below institute
Show the attribute of message:
The attribute of table 1 message
The form of the application layer messages matrix M obtained is as follows:
Wherein, ID had both represented unique mark of message, represented again the priority of message.ID is the least, message Priority is the highest;SmRepresenting the length of message data, value is 0~8 bytes;Cycle represents with millisecond, For event mode message, use minimum time interval as its cycle.
Step 3: to each message m in message matrix M, calculate its worst response time Rm, and handle RmWith message cycle TmCompare, thus judge message m whether schedulable.If RmMore than Tm, its Middle TmRepresent the cycle of message, then illustrate that the design of this message can not meet schedulability, need again to set Multiple parameters of meter message;If RmLess than or equal to Tm, then description messages m be designed to meet adjustable Degree property;Last repeat the above steps, until all message m all meet schedulability.
The worst response time R of message mmFor:
Rm=wm+Cm
Wherein wmIt is queuing delay times, CmIt it is message transmission time.Message cycle TmFirst calculate Cm, then Calculate wm
CmCalculate according to equation below:
Wherein said SmBeing message byte number, it can obtain from message matrix M.For CAN reticle Formula, g=34, for CAN extended format g=54.τbitBe in CAN/LIN bus, transmit a bit needed for Time.Such as the CAN of 1Mbps, τbit=10-6Second.CmUnit be the second.
Queuing delay times wmIncluding two parts: caused by low priority message is just being transmitted in bus Blocking time BmWith I interference time seized due to high-priority message caused by transmissionm.Blocking timeLp (m) is the set of all priority message less than m.Owing to previous step has been counted Calculate the C of all messagem, therefore BmEasily calculate.Calculate BmAfterwards, w can so be calculatedm:
Wherein, hp (m) is the set of all priority message higher than m.Above-mentioned formula is that recurrence is dull, Can be calculated by alternative manner.
Work as RmLess than or equal to TmTime, illustrate in worst case, message m can also be transmitted within a cycle Complete, therefore message m is schedulable;Work as RmMore than TmTime, illustrate under worst condition, message m is one Can not transmit complete in the individual cycle, then former frame data are likely capped, therefore m is non-scheduling.
Embodiment 2
After message matrix schedulability is verified, need the message in bus is transmitted to survey and monitor, To confirm that application layer protocol can actual motion.This is accomplished by using monitoring system and monitoring method, at this In embodiment 2, it is provided that a kind of monitoring system and the method for supervision.
Described monitoring system, including signal matrix editor module, message Schedulability Analysis module, message in fact Time monitoring module, message logging module.Described signal matrix editor module is in order to the editor of signal matrix, letter Browsing and the inquiry of signal matrix of number matrix.Described message Schedulability Analysis module is in order to schedulability Parser and analysis result present.The real-time monitoring module of described message, in order to select the message intending being monitored, Select to intend presenting of the attribute of monitored message and content and message attributes and real time content.Described message Log pattern is in order to the derivation of message logging, the inquiry of message logging and the analysis of message logging.
Illustrating in conjunction with accompanying drawing 3 to accompanying drawing 5, described monitoring method comprises the following steps,
Step 100: the PC being provided with monitoring system is accessed in CAN network;Open in network it The power supply of its controller node, activates monitoring system, allows the whole network operation.
Wherein, PC, the CAN/LIN of the other end are accessed by USB interface in one end of CAN/LIN interface card Physical cord accesses CAN/LIN bus, and such PC is just connected with CAN/LIN bus.CAN/LIN bus On be also associated with other ECU, they achieve application layer protocol, and use this agreement to carry out bus communication. CAN/LIN interface card be designed with 16 single-chip microcomputer MCS12XS128, it has 112 pins, peripheral Circuit is as shown in Figure 5.Crystal oscillator frequency 4Mhz, by internal PLL raising frequency to 40Mhz Bus Clock Rate.
After network is opened, interface is able to observe that the ID of message m, reception/sending direction, message data Length, message cycle, timestamp and message content, by observing these attributes of message m, it is judged that disappear Breath m whether can be correct realize communication requirement.If application layer protocol can not meet demand, then need to find The reason of problem, and application layer protocol is rectified and improved and perfect again.Revise complete after, repeat the above steps.
Step 200: open the real-time monitoring module of message of monitoring system, can arrive with Real Time Observation on interface The each message m transmitted in CAN/LIN bus and their attribute, the message content arrived according to the observation is sentenced Whether the attribute of disconnected message and data meet design requirement.
If a message m is preiodic type or mixed type message, then the data of this message m can be over time Real-time change.For the message content of real-time change, if being not easy to observe the content of message, the most permissible Open the message logging module of monitoring system, record the time dependent process of message m, be therefore easy to afterwards Carry out off-line analysis.
Step 300: if message m can not meet application demand, then need the reason of searching problem, and right Application layer protocol design is rectified and improved and perfect again.
Specifically, then can be analyzed in terms of two: one is network application layer design problem, two is control Device node failure problem processed.If the former, then need to feed back to the application layer protocol design phase, again Rectification.After rectification, it is still desirable to Schedulability Analysis and the network of repetition message matrix M are supervised in real time Depending on etc. process, until design meet demand till, terminate application layer protocol design process.
In addition, the method comprises the step of signal matrix editor, the step of message Schedulability Analysis. Specifically,
The step of described signal matrix editor is specifically: open the signal matrix editor module of monitoring system, logical Cross friendly user's interface, some attributes of each message m of typing.After typing, monitoring system can be Message matrix M saves as the form of XML file so that computer can carry out subsequent treatment easily.
The step of described message Schedulability Analysis is specifically: open the message Schedulability Analysis of monitoring system Module, clicks on lexical analysis button, adjusts each message m in message matrix M of previous step input Degree is analyzed.Lexical analysis mainly calculates the worst response time R of each message mm, and RmWith message m Message cycle TmRelatively.This process has been compiled into one section of program, and is integrated in monitoring system, Message signale matrix M is input in monitoring system, adjustable by the proof of algorithm being integrated in monitoring system Degree property, calculation as described in Example 1, is not repeated at this.If the schedulability of a message m It is unsatisfactory for, then system has bomp.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all at this Within bright spirit and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc. made, should be included in this Within bright protection domain.

Claims (10)

1. a network application-level protocol schedulability verification method, network application-level protocol is that In-vehicle networking should With layer protocol, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps,
Step 1: obtain the design of network application-level protocol;
Step 2: control the explanation of function according to application layer protocol design and automobile ECU, produces application layer association Message matrix M of view;
Step 3: to each message m in message matrix M, calculates worst response time Rm, by worst sound R between Ying ShimWith message cycle TmCompare, if worst response time RmMore than message cycle Tm, need Multiple parameters of message m to be redesigned;If worst response time RmLess than or equal to message cycle Tm, Then description messages m be designed to meet schedulability;Repeat the above steps, until all message m are the fullest Till foot schedulability.
Network application-level protocol schedulability verification method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: In step 3, the worst response time R of described message mmComputing formula as follows:
Rm=wm+Cm,
wmIt is queuing delay times, CmIt it is message transmission time;
CmCalculate according to equation below:
Wherein said SmBeing message byte number, it is permissible Obtain from message matrix M, τbitIt is to transmit the time needed for a bit in CAN/LIN bus;
wmCalculate according to equation below:
Wherein,Hp (m) is the set of all priority message higher than m, and lp (m) is The set of all priority message less than m.
Network application-level protocol schedulability verification method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: At described CmComputing formula in, for CAN reference format, g=34;For CAN extended format, g=54; The CAN of 1Mbps, τbit=10-6Second.
Network application-level protocol schedulability verification method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: In described message matrix M, the attribute of message m comprises message name, message identifier, message id, transmission message Pattern, data length S in messagem, message cycle TmAnd Bus Speed.
Network application-level protocol schedulability verification method the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: The pattern of described transmission message includes event mode, fixed cycle type and mixed type.
6. a monitoring system, in order to the supervision of In-vehicle networking message, in accessible CAN network, its It is characterised by: include that signal matrix editor module, message Schedulability Analysis module, message monitor mould in real time Block, message logging module, wherein, signal matrix editor module, in order to the editor of signal matrix, signal square Browsing and the inquiry of signal matrix of battle array;Message Schedulability Analysis module, calculates in order to Schedulability Analysis Method and analysis result present;The real-time monitoring module of message, in order to select to intend monitored message, quilt is intended in selection Presenting of the attribute of message monitored and content and message attributes and real time content;Message logging module, uses With the derivation of message logging, the inquiry of message logging and the analysis of message logging.
7. supervision method based on monitoring system according to claim 6, is carried out In-vehicle networking message Monitor, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:
Step 100: the PC being provided with monitoring system is accessed in CAN network;Open in network it The power supply of its controller node, activates monitoring system, allows the whole network operation;
Step 200: open the real-time monitoring module of message of monitoring system, can arrive with Real Time Observation on interface The each message m transmitted in CAN/LIN bus and their attribute, the message content arrived according to the observation is sentenced Whether the attribute of disconnected message and data meet design requirement;
Step 300: if message m can not meet application demand, then need the reason of searching problem, and corresponding Again rectify and improve and perfect with layer protocol design.
Supervision method the most according to claim 7 is characterized in that: in step 200, if one Individual message m is preiodic type or mixed type message, then the data of this message m can real-time change over time; For the message content of real-time change, if being not easy to observe the content of message, supervision system at this moment can be opened The message logging module of system, records the time dependent process of message m, is therefore easy to carry out off-line afterwards and divides Analysis.
Supervision method the most according to claim 7 is characterized in that: also includes signal matrix editor's Step, specifically, opens the signal matrix editor module of monitoring system, by friendly user's interface, typing Some attributes of each message m;After typing, monitoring system can save as XML message matrix M The form of file so that computer can carry out subsequent treatment easily.
Supervision method the most according to claim 7 is characterized in that: also includes that message schedulability divides The step of analysis, specifically, opens the message Schedulability Analysis module of monitoring system, clicks on lexical analysis and presses Button, is scheduling analyzing to each message m in message matrix M of previous step input.
CN201610452761.XA 2016-06-21 2016-06-21 Method for verifying schedulability of network application layer protocol, monitoring system and monitoring method Pending CN105897516A (en)

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CN102608979A (en) * 2012-03-21 2012-07-25 山东省科学院自动化研究所 CAN (controller area network) bus scheduling analysis and monitoring system
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Application publication date: 20160824