CN105895418A - Preparation method of silver based electric contact material - Google Patents
Preparation method of silver based electric contact material Download PDFInfo
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- CN105895418A CN105895418A CN201610234783.9A CN201610234783A CN105895418A CN 105895418 A CN105895418 A CN 105895418A CN 201610234783 A CN201610234783 A CN 201610234783A CN 105895418 A CN105895418 A CN 105895418A
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- alloy
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- electric contact
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
- H01H11/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts
- H01H11/048—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts by powder-metallurgical processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
- C22C5/06—Alloys based on silver
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Contacts (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a silver based electric contact material. The silver based electric contact material comprises silver, tin oxide, nickel oxide, lanthanum oxide, inevitable impurities, and residual elements such as silver and oxygen. The content of the tin element is in a range from 5 wt% to 10wt%, the content of the nickel element is in a range from 2 wt% to 5wt%, and the content of the lanthanum ekenebr is in a range from 0.5% to 1%. The silver based electric contact material provided by the invention is advantageous in that the structure uniformity of the material is improved by selecting a raw material proportioning and a technology in an optimized manner, and the electric performance of the material is improved; SnO2 powder is prepared by adopting a sol-gel method, and nanometer SnO2 is uniformly distributed and scattered in the silver base, and then reduction of contact resistance caused by an insulation layer formed by SnO2 enrichment is prevented, and the function of the oxides of splitting the base is reduced; the processing performance of the silver based electric contact material is effectively improved, and a fuse welding-resistant capability and an arc erosion-resistant capability are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power equipment and manufacture field, be specifically related to the preparation method of a kind of money base electric contact material.
Background technology
Electric contacts is the contact element of electric switch, instrument and meter etc., is widely used in the equipment such as electric power, telecommunication system i.e. home wiring control.Silver-based electric contact material is rapidly developed due to features such as its contact resistance are low, fusion welding resisting ability is strong, abrasion resistance properties is good, anti-electroerosion ability is strong, wherein tin-oxygen-silver electric contact material is the novel environment-friendly contact material developing a kind of alternative poisonous Agcdo quickly over nearly 10 years, there is Heat stability is good, resistance to arc erosion and resistance fusion welding energy, service life length, use current range wide, therefore can guarantee that electric operation reliability.
At present, electric contact material substantially can be divided into following a few class: ag-based contact material, tungstenio slider material, cuprio slider material and noble metal base light current contactor material.Wherein, the most representational slider material is Cu-W alloy and Ag base slider material (AgSnO2, AgCdO, Ag-W system etc.) two big classes.Owing to W, Ag etc. belong to noble metal, resource reserve is limited, and uses such noble metal to make the cost of slider material prohibitively expensive as raw material, is unfavorable for popularization and application.It addition, existing slider material anti-wear performance difference and be difficult to use on sliding contact.
As environment-friendly silver tin oxide electric contact material, it is widely used on all kinds of low-voltage electrical apparatus because having excellent anti electric arc corrosion, mar proof and more preferable resistance fusion welding, to replace poisonous silver cadmium oxide material.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides the preparation method of a kind of money base electric contact material, this money base electric contact material, has electrical property and the mechanical performance of excellence.
To achieve these goals, realize above-mentioned purpose, the invention provides the preparation method of a kind of money base electric contact material, this money base electric contact material includes silver, the oxide of stannum, the oxide of nickel and the oxide of lanthanum, wherein the content of tin element is 5-10wt%, and the constituent content of nickel is 2-5wt%, and the content of the element of lanthanum is 0.5-1 wt %, and inevitable impurity, surplus element be silver-colored and oxygen；
The method comprises the steps:
(1) oxide of stannum is prepared
Sol-gal process prepares nano SnO2Powder: by SnCl4·5H2O and TiCl4Alcohol-water solution add Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) dispersant, be stirred at a constant temperature, being simultaneously added dropwise ammonia to pH is 6.9-7.2, aged, wash, dry, grind and obtain gel, wherein SnCl4·5H2O and TiCl4Mass ratio be 8.5: 1-9: 1, in alcohol-water solution, the volume ratio of alcohol and water is 2: 1；
(2) alloy is prepared
The raw material preparing alloy is silver, nickel and lanthanum, wherein the weight of nickel and lanthanum is according in final ag-based contact material, nickel element content is 2-5wt%, the content of the element of lanthanum is 0.5-1%, preparing, surplus is silver, and above-mentioned raw materials is smelted into alloy molten solution in induction melting furnace, after refined, it is cast into alloy billet；
(3) broken alloy
The alloy billet of gained is heated to 720 DEG C-760 DEG C, is squeezed into alloy wire；Then alloy line segment it is broken into, alloy line segment is carried out, dries, hydrogen breaks again, ball grinds, wherein alloy billet is squeezed into the alloy wire of φ 5mm-φ 7mm, then carries out drawing processing, and alloy wire drawing is machined to a diameter of φ 1mm-φ 2.5mm, broken alloy wire segment length is 10mm-50mm, and ball milling obtains the particle diameter of alloy powder less than 10 μm；
(4) internal oxidition
Being loaded in oxidation furnace by the alloy powder of gained and carry out internal oxidition, its oxidizing temperature is 700 DEG C-750 DEG C, and oxidative pressure is 0.2MPa-0.5MPa, and oxidization time is 24h-40h, obtains the alloy powder of internal oxidition；
(5) using powder metallurgical technique, according in final ag-based contact material, tin element content is 5-10wt%, by above-mentioned nano SnO2The alloy powder of powder and above-mentioned internal oxidition mixes, and sinters 8h, multiple pressure, extruding, drawing procedure through colding pressing, under 600 DEG C of high temperature, makes money base electric contact material.
Money base electric contact material prepared by the present invention, by optimized choice then raw material ratio and technique, improves materials microstructure uniformity, improves the electrical property of material, uses sol-gal process to prepare SnO2Powder, nano SnO2The disperse that is evenly distributed in silver matrix, is avoided that because of SnO2Enrichment and form insulating barrier and cause contact resistance to reduce, matrix is isolated effect by minimizing oxide, can the processing characteristics of effective money base electric contact material, improve anti-melting welding, the ability of resistance to electrical arc erosion.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment one
The money base electric contact material of the present embodiment includes silver, the oxide of stannum, the oxide of nickel and the oxide of lanthanum, wherein the content of tin element is 5wt%, and the constituent content of nickel is 2wt%, and the content of the element of lanthanum is 0.5 wt %, and inevitable impurity, surplus element be silver-colored and oxygen.
Sol-gal process prepares nano SnO2Powder: by SnCl4·5H2O and TiCl4Alcohol-water solution add Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) dispersant, be stirred at a constant temperature, being simultaneously added dropwise ammonia to pH is 6.9-7.2, aged, wash, dry, grind and obtain gel, wherein SnCl4·5H2O and TiCl4Mass ratio be 8.5: 1, in alcohol-water solution, the volume ratio of alcohol and water is 2: 1.
The raw material preparing alloy is silver, nickel and lanthanum, wherein the weight of nickel and lanthanum is according in final ag-based contact material, nickel element content is 2wt%, the content of the element of lanthanum is 0.5%, preparing, surplus is silver, and above-mentioned raw materials is smelted into alloy molten solution in induction melting furnace, after refined, it is cast into alloy billet.
The alloy billet of gained is heated to 720 DEG C, is squeezed into alloy wire；Then alloy line segment it is broken into, alloy line segment is carried out, dries, hydrogen breaks again, ball grinds, wherein alloy billet is squeezed into the alloy wire of φ 5mm-, then carries out drawing processing, and alloy wire drawing is machined to a diameter of φ 1mm, broken alloy wire segment length is 10mm, and ball milling obtains the particle diameter of alloy powder less than 10 μm.
Being loaded in oxidation furnace by the alloy powder of gained and carry out internal oxidition, its oxidizing temperature is 700 DEG C, and oxidative pressure is 0.2MPa, and oxidization time is 24h, obtains the alloy powder of internal oxidition.
Using powder metallurgical technique, according in final ag-based contact material, tin element content is 5wt%, by above-mentioned nano SnO2The alloy powder of powder and above-mentioned internal oxidition mixes, and sinters 8h, multiple pressure, extruding, drawing procedure through colding pressing, under 600 DEG C of high temperature, makes money base electric contact material.
Embodiment two
The money base electric contact material of the present embodiment includes silver, the oxide of stannum, the oxide of nickel and the oxide of lanthanum, wherein the content of tin element is 10wt%, and the constituent content of nickel is 5wt%, and the content of the element of lanthanum is 1 wt %, and inevitable impurity, surplus element be silver-colored and oxygen.
Sol-gal process prepares nano SnO2Powder: by SnCl4·5H2O and TiCl4Alcohol-water solution add Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) dispersant, be stirred at a constant temperature, being simultaneously added dropwise ammonia to pH is 6.9-7.2, aged, wash, dry, grind and obtain gel, wherein SnCl4·5H2O and TiCl4Mass ratio be-9: 1, in alcohol-water solution, the volume ratio of alcohol and water is 2: 1.
The raw material preparing alloy is silver, nickel and lanthanum, and wherein the weight of nickel and lanthanum is according in final ag-based contact material, and nickel element content is 5wt%, the content of the element of lanthanum is 1%, prepares, and surplus is silver, above-mentioned raw materials is smelted into alloy molten solution in induction melting furnace, refined after, be cast into alloy billet.
The alloy billet of gained is heated to 760 DEG C, is squeezed into alloy wire；Then alloy line segment it is broken into, alloy line segment is carried out, dries, hydrogen breaks again, ball grinds, wherein alloy billet is squeezed into the alloy wire of φ 7mm, then carries out drawing processing, and alloy wire drawing is machined to a diameter of φ 2.5mm, broken alloy wire segment length is 50mm, and ball milling obtains the particle diameter of alloy powder less than 10 μm.
Being loaded in oxidation furnace by the alloy powder of gained and carry out internal oxidition, its oxidizing temperature is 750 DEG C, and oxidative pressure is 0.5MPa, and oxidization time is 40h, obtains the alloy powder of internal oxidition.
Using powder metallurgical technique, according in final ag-based contact material, tin element content is 10wt%, by above-mentioned nano SnO2The alloy powder of powder and above-mentioned internal oxidition mixes, and sinters 8h, multiple pressure, extruding, drawing procedure through colding pressing, under 600 DEG C of high temperature, makes money base electric contact material.
Comparative example
By constituent element quality proportioning: cadmium: 6%；Zirconium: 3%；Cerium: 0.03%；Surplus silver.Melting ingot casting forms silver cadmium zirconium cerium alloy ingot.Silver cadmium zirconium cerium alloy ingot is heated through being squeezed into wire rod, then through pulling to the silk material of a diameter of φ 4.Silk material is cut into the suitable segment upsetting system of length with filamentary silver through cold headers by cold headers and is combined into the sheet material contact product of φ 9 × 2.By contact product diffusion annealing 150 minutes in 560 DEG C of vacuum states pour the electric furnace of argon, it is cooled to 80 DEG C with stove and takes out product.Product is loaded in the electric furnace that logical oxygen pressure is 1.2 Mpa and be 650 DEG C of oxidation processes 32 hours temperature head Xian, then be warming up to 730 DEG C of oxidation processes 30 hours with stove.Cool to less than the 100 DEG C electric contact materials come out of the stove with the furnace
Testing the electric contact material of same shape and embodiment 1-2 of size and comparative example, test result shows: the resistivity of embodiment 1-2 relatively example reduces by more than 8%, and hardness increases by more than 15%.
Claims (1)
1. the preparation method of a money base electric contact material, this money base electric contact material includes silver, the oxide of stannum, the oxide of nickel and the oxide of lanthanum, wherein the content of tin element is 5-10wt%, the constituent content of nickel is 2-5wt%, the content of the element of lanthanum is 0.5-1 wt %, and inevitable impurity, surplus element be silver-colored and oxygen；
The method comprises the steps:
(1) oxide of stannum is prepared
Sol-gal process prepares nano SnO2Powder: by SnCl4·5H2O and TiCl4Alcohol-water solution add Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) dispersant, be stirred at a constant temperature, being simultaneously added dropwise ammonia to pH is 6.9-7.2, aged, wash, dry, grind and obtain gel, wherein SnCl4·5H2O and TiCl4Mass ratio be 8.5: 1-9: 1, in alcohol-water solution, the volume ratio of alcohol and water is 2: 1；
(2) alloy is prepared
The raw material preparing alloy is silver, nickel and lanthanum, wherein the weight of nickel and lanthanum is according in final ag-based contact material, nickel element content is 2-5wt%, the content of the element of lanthanum is 0.5-1%, preparing, surplus is silver, and above-mentioned raw materials is smelted into alloy molten solution in induction melting furnace, after refined, it is cast into alloy billet；
(3) broken alloy
The alloy billet of gained is heated to 720 DEG C-760 DEG C, is squeezed into alloy wire；Then alloy line segment it is broken into, alloy line segment is carried out, dries, hydrogen breaks again, ball grinds, wherein alloy billet is squeezed into the alloy wire of φ 5mm-φ 7mm, then carries out drawing processing, and alloy wire drawing is machined to a diameter of φ 1mm-φ 2.5mm, broken alloy wire segment length is 10mm-50mm, and ball milling obtains the particle diameter of alloy powder less than 10 μm；
(4) internal oxidition
Being loaded in oxidation furnace by the alloy powder of gained and carry out internal oxidition, its oxidizing temperature is 700 DEG C-750 DEG C, and oxidative pressure is 0.2MPa-0.5MPa, and oxidization time is 24h-40h, obtains the alloy powder of internal oxidition；
(5) using powder metallurgical technique, according in final ag-based contact material, tin element content is 5-10wt%, by above-mentioned nano SnO2The alloy powder of powder and above-mentioned internal oxidition mixes, and sinters 8h, multiple pressure, extruding, drawing procedure through colding pressing, under 600 DEG C of high temperature, makes money base electric contact material.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106350692A (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2017-01-25 | 佛山市诺普材料科技有限公司 | Method for preparing silver nickel oxides by silver-nickel alloy waste materials |
| CN108149122A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-06-12 | 洛阳神佳窑业有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of silver-base alloy contact material |
| WO2019205231A1 (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2019-10-31 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | Method for preparing nanometer oxide particle reinforced metal composite material |
| CN114875267A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-08-09 | 浙江大学 | Preparation method of silver-based electric contact material with adjustable work function |
| CN115537594A (en) * | 2022-10-28 | 2022-12-30 | 台州慧模科技有限公司 | Silver-based electrical contact material and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106350692A (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2017-01-25 | 佛山市诺普材料科技有限公司 | Method for preparing silver nickel oxides by silver-nickel alloy waste materials |
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| CN108149122A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-06-12 | 洛阳神佳窑业有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of silver-base alloy contact material |
| WO2019205231A1 (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2019-10-31 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | Method for preparing nanometer oxide particle reinforced metal composite material |
| CN114875267A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-08-09 | 浙江大学 | Preparation method of silver-based electric contact material with adjustable work function |
| CN115537594A (en) * | 2022-10-28 | 2022-12-30 | 台州慧模科技有限公司 | Silver-based electrical contact material and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20160824 |